James Hanson | Seton Hall University (original) (raw)
Papers by James Hanson
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena, 1991
Poly(4-tert-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene-co-sulfur dioxide) PTBSS has been found to act as a sensitiv... more Poly(4-tert-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene-co-sulfur dioxide) PTBSS has been found to act as a sensitive x-ray (λ=1.4 nm) and weakly sensitive deep ultraviolet (λ=248 nm) chemically amplified, aqueous base soluble positive acting resist. Improvements in the lithographic sensitivity can be achieved by optimizing the post-exposure baking (PEB) conditions. For example, increasing the PEB temperature from 115 °C to 145 °C improved the x-ray sensitivity of a 2.6:1 4-tert-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene (TBS): sulfur dioxide (SO2) resist fivefold. A secondary gain in sensitivity was achieved when the PEB time was extended from the standard 2.5 min to 4.0 min. The sensitivity was also shown to be dependent on the time elapsed from exposure to post-exposure bake. Increasing this time from 1 to 30 min increased the required x-ray exposure energy by 60% arylmethyl model compounds of arylmethyl sulfone have provided information on how the deep-UV sensitivity of PTBSS can be improved from a value of 1800 to...
ACS Symposium Series, 1995
Chemistry of Materials, 1992
... A. E. Novembre,* WW Tai, JM Kometani, J. E. Hanson, 0. Nalamasu, G. N. Taylor, E. Reichmanis,... more ... A. E. Novembre,* WW Tai, JM Kometani, J. E. Hanson, 0. Nalamasu, G. N. Taylor, E. Reichmanis, and LF Thompson ... Eng. 1989, 9, 575. (9) Kanga, RS; Kometani, JM; Reichmanis, E.; Hanson, J. E.; Nalamaeu, 0.; Thompson, L. F.; Heffner, S. A.; Tai, WW; Trevor, P. Chem. Mater. ...
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
PloS one, 2018
Semiochemicals that elicit species-specific attraction or repulsion have proven useful in the man... more Semiochemicals that elicit species-specific attraction or repulsion have proven useful in the management of terrestrial pests and hold considerable promise for control of nuisance aquatic species, particularly invasive fishes. Because aquatic ecosystems are typically large and open, use of a semiochemical to control a spatially dispersed invader will require the development of a cost-effective emitter that is easy to produce, environmentally benign, inexpensive, and controls the release of the semiochemical without altering its structure. We examined the release properties of five polymers, and chose polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the best alternative. In a series of laboratory and field experiments, we examined the response of the invasive sea lamprey to PEG, and to a partial sex pheromone emitted from PEG that has proven effective as a trap bait to capture migrating sea lamprey prior to spawning. Our findings confirm that the sea lamprey does not behaviorally respond to PEG, and tha...
ACS Symposium Series, 1993
Ocean & Coastal Management, 2013
Since 1942, the search for an effective chemical shark repellent has been ongoing research concer... more Since 1942, the search for an effective chemical shark repellent has been ongoing research concern in the United States. A long-standing anecdote that sharks avoid areas containing decomposing shark tissue has initiated new interest in identifying trace chemical alarm signals produced during decomposition (necromones). A commercially-sourced shark necromone produced from putrefied shark tissue was evaluated over a five-year period in South Bimini, Bahamas. Competitively-feeding populations of Caribbean reef sharks (Carcharhinus perezi) and blacknose sharks (Carcharhinus acronotus) were exposed to necromones using pressurized aerosol canisters at the surface. Shark density estimations were made at the initial, 1 min and 5 min intervals after preliminary exposure along with continuous exposure of feeding stimulus. In both species, an unambiguous halt in feeding behavior was observed within 1 min after exposure of the necromone. For aerosol delivery, a 150 mL dose of the necromone from a single aerosol canister is able to halt all feeding activity in a combined population of C. perezi and C. acronotus. Shark necromones induced a spectacular alarm response in interacting sharks resulting in a temporary evacuation of an area containing feeding stimuli. Additionally, sharks were not deterred by alternative treatment presentations of 10% weight percent (w/w) aqueous urea, 10% w/w oleic acid in ethanol, or water buffered to pH 8.5. Habituation to the necromone was not observed for repeated tests at the same location. In all experiments, the presence of a shark necromone did not produce a similar aversion response for teleosts as observed in C. perezi or C. acronotus; however, anecdotal observations demonstrate that teleosts increased their feeding rate in the presence of the necromone. Experimental controls using denatured ethanol or water confirmed that feeding sharks were not deterred by bubbles, sound, or the solvents used to extract the necromones. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry indicates that the necromone is a complex solution rich in amino acids and putrefaction products. Experiments demonstrate that the key chemical component responsible for the alarm response is within these amino acids and/or putrefaction products, but further experimentation is needed to more accurately identify the active ingredient. Shark necromones hold particular promise for use in shark bycatch reduction and conservation. The existence of a putative chemical shark repellent has been confirmed.
Macromolecules, 2001
Four generations of poly(aryl ether) monodendrons labeled with pyrene at the focus were synthesiz... more Four generations of poly(aryl ether) monodendrons labeled with pyrene at the focus were synthesized and characterized by a combination of NMR, size-exclusion chromatography with light scattering detection, and electronic spectroscopy. The monodendrons were then studied by magnetic resonance and fluorescence techniques. Translational diffusion coefficients in THF-d 8, acetonitrile-d3, and cyclohexane-d12 were measured by pulsed-field-gradient NMR and ranged from 2.2 × 10-5 cm 2 /s for methoxypyrene in acetonitrile to 3.4 × 10-6 cm 2 /s for the fourth generation monodendron in THF. Molecular radii were calculated from the diffusion coefficients by the Stokes-Einstein equation. In THF, the radii increased from 2.8 Å for methoxypyrene to 14 Å for the fourth generation monodendron. In acetonitrile the radii were smaller, increasing from 2.7 Å for methoxypyrene to 5.4 Å for the third generation monodendron. In both solvents, a change in solution structure between the second and third generation monodendrons was observed in the diffusion data. The rate of fluorescence quenching by molecular oxygen was measured for the pyrene-labeled monodendrons in THF, acetonitrile, and cyclohexane and was found to decrease for monodendrons of increasing generation. This decrease cannot be fully explained by the slower diffusion of the larger monodendrons. Several simple models for the reduced quenching rate of the pyrene chromophore were developed. These models suggest that the increased density of the larger monodendrons provides a more effective barrier to diffusing dioxygen.
Journal of Polymer and Biopolymer Physics Chemistry
Diffusion coefficients were measured by pulsed-field gradient NMR for low molecular weight linear... more Diffusion coefficients were measured by pulsed-field gradient NMR for low molecular weight linear polystyrenes in THF and for a broader molecular weight range of linear polystyrenes in chloroform and for PAMAM dendrimers up to generation 4 in methanol. Radii were calculated from the measured diffusion coefficients using the Stokes-Einstein relationship. The linear polystyrenes displayed a relationship between radius and molecular weight that followed the expected power law. From simple theoretical considerations, the dendritic polymers were expected to follow a logarithmic relationship between radius and molecular weight. The PAMAM dendrimers gave reasonable fits to both a power law and a logarithmic relationship from generation 0 to generation 3 (the power law gave a slightly better fit), but displayed a turnover with generation 4, which gave a smaller Stokes radius than generation 3. These results were compared with earlier results from poly (aryl ether) monodendrons, where the relationship was ambiguous between a power law and a logarithmic relationship.
Ecology and evolution, Dec 1, 2017
Deciding where to reproduce is a major challenge for most animals. Many select habitats based upo... more Deciding where to reproduce is a major challenge for most animals. Many select habitats based upon cues of successful reproduction by conspecifics, such as the presence of offspring from past reproductive events. For example, some fishes select spawning habitat following odors released by juveniles whose rearing habitat overlaps with spawning habitat. However, juveniles may emigrate before adults begin to search for spawning habitat; hence, the efficacy of juvenile cues could be constrained by degradation or dissipation rates. In lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), odors deposited by the previous year's offspring have been hypothesized to guide adults to spawning reefs. However, in most extant populations, lake trout fry emigrate from spawning reefs during the spring and adults spawn during the fall. Therefore, we postulated that the role of fry odors in guiding habitat selection might be constrained by the time between fry emigration and adult spawning. Time course chemical, phy...
Chemistry of Materials, 1992
Copolymers of (tert-butoxycarbony1oxy)styrene (t-BOC-styrene) and (2-nitrobenzy1)styrene sulfonat... more Copolymers of (tert-butoxycarbony1oxy)styrene (t-BOC-styrene) and (2-nitrobenzy1)styrene sulfonates were prepared to give hydrophobic, photosensitive materials. Exposure to ultraviolet light converted the pendant 2-nitrobenzyl sulfonate esters to sulfonic acid moieties, and this photogenerated acid catalyzed the removal of the t-BOC groups on subsequent heating. The resulting material was a copolymer of 4hydroxystyrene and styrenesulfonic acid, which was hydrophilic and soluble in aqueous base. Copolymers with different compositions (monomer ratios) and molecular weights were synthesized, and the resulting materials were analyzed by thermal and spectroscopic methods and evaluated for lithographic performance as positive tone resists. As the percentage of the photosensitive 2-nitrobenzylstyrene sulfonate monomer was increased, the lithographic sensitivity improved but the thermal stability of the copolymers decreased. The photoresponse of some of the materials was inhomogeneous, apparently the result of inhomogeneous distribution of acid-generating monomers in the polymers. G.; Reichmanis, E.; Houlihan, F. M.; Shugard, A.; Thompson, L. F. Polym. Eng. Sci. 1989, 29, 850-855. (e) Ito, H.; Ueda, M.; England, w. P. Macromolecules 1990,23, 2589-2598. (3) (a) Wilson, C. G., Ito, H.; Frechet, J. M. J.; Tessier, T. G.; Houlihan, F. M. J. Electrochem. SOC. 1986, 133, 181-183. (b) Reichmanis, E.; Houlihan, F. M.; Nalomasu, 0.; Neenan, T. X. Chem. Mater. 1991, 3, 394-407. 33, 223-231.
Journal of Liquid Chromatography and Related Technologies, 2001
Using nonporous silica (NPS) chromatography, mesylation reactions with unhindered and hindered am... more Using nonporous silica (NPS) chromatography, mesylation reactions with unhindered and hindered amines were studied as proton scavengers. During reaction monitoring it is important to conduct sensitive and fast analyses. To optimally control the reaction quick ...
Journal of Separation Science, 2002
Chemistry of Materials, 2005
Hyperbranched poly(phenylene sulfide) was prepared from 3,4-dichlorobenzenethiol. This monomer wa... more Hyperbranched poly(phenylene sulfide) was prepared from 3,4-dichlorobenzenethiol. This monomer was treated with potassium carbonate in an amide solvent, either N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). Polymerization for 24 hours at 100 oC in DMF gave a polymer with a Mw of 17 kD and a polydispersity of 2.0. Polymerization for 8.5 hours at 150 oC in NMP gave a polymer with
J Photopolym Sci Technol, 1993
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena, 1991
Poly(4-tert-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene-co-sulfur dioxide) PTBSS has been found to act as a sensitiv... more Poly(4-tert-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene-co-sulfur dioxide) PTBSS has been found to act as a sensitive x-ray (λ=1.4 nm) and weakly sensitive deep ultraviolet (λ=248 nm) chemically amplified, aqueous base soluble positive acting resist. Improvements in the lithographic sensitivity can be achieved by optimizing the post-exposure baking (PEB) conditions. For example, increasing the PEB temperature from 115 °C to 145 °C improved the x-ray sensitivity of a 2.6:1 4-tert-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene (TBS): sulfur dioxide (SO2) resist fivefold. A secondary gain in sensitivity was achieved when the PEB time was extended from the standard 2.5 min to 4.0 min. The sensitivity was also shown to be dependent on the time elapsed from exposure to post-exposure bake. Increasing this time from 1 to 30 min increased the required x-ray exposure energy by 60% arylmethyl model compounds of arylmethyl sulfone have provided information on how the deep-UV sensitivity of PTBSS can be improved from a value of 1800 to...
ACS Symposium Series, 1995
Chemistry of Materials, 1992
... A. E. Novembre,* WW Tai, JM Kometani, J. E. Hanson, 0. Nalamasu, G. N. Taylor, E. Reichmanis,... more ... A. E. Novembre,* WW Tai, JM Kometani, J. E. Hanson, 0. Nalamasu, G. N. Taylor, E. Reichmanis, and LF Thompson ... Eng. 1989, 9, 575. (9) Kanga, RS; Kometani, JM; Reichmanis, E.; Hanson, J. E.; Nalamaeu, 0.; Thompson, L. F.; Heffner, S. A.; Tai, WW; Trevor, P. Chem. Mater. ...
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
PloS one, 2018
Semiochemicals that elicit species-specific attraction or repulsion have proven useful in the man... more Semiochemicals that elicit species-specific attraction or repulsion have proven useful in the management of terrestrial pests and hold considerable promise for control of nuisance aquatic species, particularly invasive fishes. Because aquatic ecosystems are typically large and open, use of a semiochemical to control a spatially dispersed invader will require the development of a cost-effective emitter that is easy to produce, environmentally benign, inexpensive, and controls the release of the semiochemical without altering its structure. We examined the release properties of five polymers, and chose polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the best alternative. In a series of laboratory and field experiments, we examined the response of the invasive sea lamprey to PEG, and to a partial sex pheromone emitted from PEG that has proven effective as a trap bait to capture migrating sea lamprey prior to spawning. Our findings confirm that the sea lamprey does not behaviorally respond to PEG, and tha...
ACS Symposium Series, 1993
Ocean & Coastal Management, 2013
Since 1942, the search for an effective chemical shark repellent has been ongoing research concer... more Since 1942, the search for an effective chemical shark repellent has been ongoing research concern in the United States. A long-standing anecdote that sharks avoid areas containing decomposing shark tissue has initiated new interest in identifying trace chemical alarm signals produced during decomposition (necromones). A commercially-sourced shark necromone produced from putrefied shark tissue was evaluated over a five-year period in South Bimini, Bahamas. Competitively-feeding populations of Caribbean reef sharks (Carcharhinus perezi) and blacknose sharks (Carcharhinus acronotus) were exposed to necromones using pressurized aerosol canisters at the surface. Shark density estimations were made at the initial, 1 min and 5 min intervals after preliminary exposure along with continuous exposure of feeding stimulus. In both species, an unambiguous halt in feeding behavior was observed within 1 min after exposure of the necromone. For aerosol delivery, a 150 mL dose of the necromone from a single aerosol canister is able to halt all feeding activity in a combined population of C. perezi and C. acronotus. Shark necromones induced a spectacular alarm response in interacting sharks resulting in a temporary evacuation of an area containing feeding stimuli. Additionally, sharks were not deterred by alternative treatment presentations of 10% weight percent (w/w) aqueous urea, 10% w/w oleic acid in ethanol, or water buffered to pH 8.5. Habituation to the necromone was not observed for repeated tests at the same location. In all experiments, the presence of a shark necromone did not produce a similar aversion response for teleosts as observed in C. perezi or C. acronotus; however, anecdotal observations demonstrate that teleosts increased their feeding rate in the presence of the necromone. Experimental controls using denatured ethanol or water confirmed that feeding sharks were not deterred by bubbles, sound, or the solvents used to extract the necromones. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry indicates that the necromone is a complex solution rich in amino acids and putrefaction products. Experiments demonstrate that the key chemical component responsible for the alarm response is within these amino acids and/or putrefaction products, but further experimentation is needed to more accurately identify the active ingredient. Shark necromones hold particular promise for use in shark bycatch reduction and conservation. The existence of a putative chemical shark repellent has been confirmed.
Macromolecules, 2001
Four generations of poly(aryl ether) monodendrons labeled with pyrene at the focus were synthesiz... more Four generations of poly(aryl ether) monodendrons labeled with pyrene at the focus were synthesized and characterized by a combination of NMR, size-exclusion chromatography with light scattering detection, and electronic spectroscopy. The monodendrons were then studied by magnetic resonance and fluorescence techniques. Translational diffusion coefficients in THF-d 8, acetonitrile-d3, and cyclohexane-d12 were measured by pulsed-field-gradient NMR and ranged from 2.2 × 10-5 cm 2 /s for methoxypyrene in acetonitrile to 3.4 × 10-6 cm 2 /s for the fourth generation monodendron in THF. Molecular radii were calculated from the diffusion coefficients by the Stokes-Einstein equation. In THF, the radii increased from 2.8 Å for methoxypyrene to 14 Å for the fourth generation monodendron. In acetonitrile the radii were smaller, increasing from 2.7 Å for methoxypyrene to 5.4 Å for the third generation monodendron. In both solvents, a change in solution structure between the second and third generation monodendrons was observed in the diffusion data. The rate of fluorescence quenching by molecular oxygen was measured for the pyrene-labeled monodendrons in THF, acetonitrile, and cyclohexane and was found to decrease for monodendrons of increasing generation. This decrease cannot be fully explained by the slower diffusion of the larger monodendrons. Several simple models for the reduced quenching rate of the pyrene chromophore were developed. These models suggest that the increased density of the larger monodendrons provides a more effective barrier to diffusing dioxygen.
Journal of Polymer and Biopolymer Physics Chemistry
Diffusion coefficients were measured by pulsed-field gradient NMR for low molecular weight linear... more Diffusion coefficients were measured by pulsed-field gradient NMR for low molecular weight linear polystyrenes in THF and for a broader molecular weight range of linear polystyrenes in chloroform and for PAMAM dendrimers up to generation 4 in methanol. Radii were calculated from the measured diffusion coefficients using the Stokes-Einstein relationship. The linear polystyrenes displayed a relationship between radius and molecular weight that followed the expected power law. From simple theoretical considerations, the dendritic polymers were expected to follow a logarithmic relationship between radius and molecular weight. The PAMAM dendrimers gave reasonable fits to both a power law and a logarithmic relationship from generation 0 to generation 3 (the power law gave a slightly better fit), but displayed a turnover with generation 4, which gave a smaller Stokes radius than generation 3. These results were compared with earlier results from poly (aryl ether) monodendrons, where the relationship was ambiguous between a power law and a logarithmic relationship.
Ecology and evolution, Dec 1, 2017
Deciding where to reproduce is a major challenge for most animals. Many select habitats based upo... more Deciding where to reproduce is a major challenge for most animals. Many select habitats based upon cues of successful reproduction by conspecifics, such as the presence of offspring from past reproductive events. For example, some fishes select spawning habitat following odors released by juveniles whose rearing habitat overlaps with spawning habitat. However, juveniles may emigrate before adults begin to search for spawning habitat; hence, the efficacy of juvenile cues could be constrained by degradation or dissipation rates. In lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), odors deposited by the previous year's offspring have been hypothesized to guide adults to spawning reefs. However, in most extant populations, lake trout fry emigrate from spawning reefs during the spring and adults spawn during the fall. Therefore, we postulated that the role of fry odors in guiding habitat selection might be constrained by the time between fry emigration and adult spawning. Time course chemical, phy...
Chemistry of Materials, 1992
Copolymers of (tert-butoxycarbony1oxy)styrene (t-BOC-styrene) and (2-nitrobenzy1)styrene sulfonat... more Copolymers of (tert-butoxycarbony1oxy)styrene (t-BOC-styrene) and (2-nitrobenzy1)styrene sulfonates were prepared to give hydrophobic, photosensitive materials. Exposure to ultraviolet light converted the pendant 2-nitrobenzyl sulfonate esters to sulfonic acid moieties, and this photogenerated acid catalyzed the removal of the t-BOC groups on subsequent heating. The resulting material was a copolymer of 4hydroxystyrene and styrenesulfonic acid, which was hydrophilic and soluble in aqueous base. Copolymers with different compositions (monomer ratios) and molecular weights were synthesized, and the resulting materials were analyzed by thermal and spectroscopic methods and evaluated for lithographic performance as positive tone resists. As the percentage of the photosensitive 2-nitrobenzylstyrene sulfonate monomer was increased, the lithographic sensitivity improved but the thermal stability of the copolymers decreased. The photoresponse of some of the materials was inhomogeneous, apparently the result of inhomogeneous distribution of acid-generating monomers in the polymers. G.; Reichmanis, E.; Houlihan, F. M.; Shugard, A.; Thompson, L. F. Polym. Eng. Sci. 1989, 29, 850-855. (e) Ito, H.; Ueda, M.; England, w. P. Macromolecules 1990,23, 2589-2598. (3) (a) Wilson, C. G., Ito, H.; Frechet, J. M. J.; Tessier, T. G.; Houlihan, F. M. J. Electrochem. SOC. 1986, 133, 181-183. (b) Reichmanis, E.; Houlihan, F. M.; Nalomasu, 0.; Neenan, T. X. Chem. Mater. 1991, 3, 394-407. 33, 223-231.
Journal of Liquid Chromatography and Related Technologies, 2001
Using nonporous silica (NPS) chromatography, mesylation reactions with unhindered and hindered am... more Using nonporous silica (NPS) chromatography, mesylation reactions with unhindered and hindered amines were studied as proton scavengers. During reaction monitoring it is important to conduct sensitive and fast analyses. To optimally control the reaction quick ...
Journal of Separation Science, 2002
Chemistry of Materials, 2005
Hyperbranched poly(phenylene sulfide) was prepared from 3,4-dichlorobenzenethiol. This monomer wa... more Hyperbranched poly(phenylene sulfide) was prepared from 3,4-dichlorobenzenethiol. This monomer was treated with potassium carbonate in an amide solvent, either N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). Polymerization for 24 hours at 100 oC in DMF gave a polymer with a Mw of 17 kD and a polydispersity of 2.0. Polymerization for 8.5 hours at 150 oC in NMP gave a polymer with
J Photopolym Sci Technol, 1993