Mohammad Rahim Ahmadi | Shiraz University (original) (raw)

Papers by Mohammad Rahim Ahmadi

Veterinary Science Development, Dec 11, 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the uterine bacteria in cows with endometritis and to comp... more The aim of this study was to determine the uterine bacteria in cows with endometritis and to compare other characteristics in cases of endometritis without bacterial growth, with Trueperella pyogenes (Arcanobacterium pyogenes) or other bacteria. In total, 86 Holstein cows with postpartum endometritis from 13 commercial dairy herds were sampled once between 21-35 days postpartum. We used several diagnostic techniques for endometritis such as external observation, vaginal exam, rectal palpation, ultrasonography, and cervical and uterine cytological examination. Clear mucus with flakes of pus (E1), mucopurulent discharge (E2), and purulent discharge (E3) are three groups of endometritis. A transcervical double-guarded swab was used for bacterial sampling. The samples were cultured aerobic and anaerobically and biochemical tests were used for differentiation. Measurements were compared between groups: A, no growth (n=47); B, positive bacterial growth without T. pyogenes (n=21); and C, positive bacterial growth with T. pyogenes (n=18). There were no differences (P>0.05) in uterine wall thickness, body condition score (BCS) and milk yield between the groups. The uterine horn diameter was largest in groups A (4.30±0.88) in comparison with groups B (4.81±1.17) and C (5.53±2.17) (P<0.05). The percentage of neutrophiles in smears of the uterine discharge (45.7±33.4) in group C was higher (P<0.05) than in groups A (14.5±22.7) and B (23.5±24.0). Eighty-three percent of group C have shown purulent discharge. In conclusion, the facultative anaerobe T. pyogenes may be the most common bacterial agent of postpartum endometritis in Holstein dairy cows in Iran.

Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction, May 1, 2017

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-No... more This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak and buid upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society

The current research aims to explore the effects of Body condition score (BCS) reduction on some ... more The current research aims to explore the effects of Body condition score (BCS) reduction on some reproductive factors such as re-pregnancy rate, number of inseminations per pregnancy, clinical endometritis, and ovarian activity in Holstein cows and also the effects of number of calving and its difficulty, on changes in the BCS. Data analysis with spss 21 software shows that with a further decrease in BCS first month after delivery, the percentage of non-pregnant cases in the herd and the number of cows with inactive ovaries increases significantly. The rate of endometritis significantly increases by increasing negative changes in BCS by 0.5 units or more. The number of inseminations necessary for creating pregnancy in two groups of decrease in BCS was different with a statistically significant difference. The odds ratios of developing clinical endometritis and also inactive ovaries in cows with BCS changes< 0.5 were significantly greater. In addition, odds ratios of pregnancy wit...

It was hypothesized that the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen reduces fertility in dai... more It was hypothesized that the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen reduces fertility in dairy cows. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was an evaluation of the ultrasound characteristics of the reproductive tract, including the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen during estrus, and the effect of these findings on pregnancy rates in dairy cows. The study was conducted on 486 lactating Holstein cows detected to be in estrous, on a large commercial dairy herd in Shiraz, Iran. Transrectal ultrasound was performed at the time of artificial insemination. Reproductive tract characteristics, comprising follicle diameters, the presence of corpus luteum in ovaries, the thickness, folding and edema of the uterus, and intrauterine fluid, were visualized and scored by ultrasonography. The cows were followed after insemination and their pregnancy rate determined. The effect of ultrasound findings were investigated in relation to pregnancy rates. The data were analyzed using...

The objective of this study was to evaluate three synchronization fix timed-AI protocols througho... more The objective of this study was to evaluate three synchronization fix timed-AI protocols throughout the year on one commercial dairy farm in a semi-arid zone. Mean temperature-humidity indices (THI) were 77.5, 84.9, 70.8 and 58.8 in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. Insemination was synchronized in 3 groups of healthy Holstein Friesian dairy cows (Body Condition Score 2.25-3; scale 1-5) using controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR) +E2 (n = 99), CIDR+GnRH (n = 38), or Select-Ovsynch (n = 181). Pregnancy diagnosis was done by rectal palpation 45-50 days after one AI. Pregnancy rate did not differ between the three methods, but was lower (P<0.05) in summer (27.7%) than spring (50.8%), autumn (60.6%) or winter term (68.5%). Pregnancy rates in autumn term did not differ from spring or winter (P>0.05), but rates were lower in spring than in winter (P<0.05). Thus, a high THI had a negative effect on fertility of dairy cows and none of the three protocols used in this study resulted in good fertility in summer in this semi-arid zone. Therefore, it may be preferable to institute a seasonal calving program to breed in the cooler seasons.

... Metastatic seminoma with involvement of abdominal and thoracic organs has been reported {Simo... more ... Metastatic seminoma with involvement of abdominal and thoracic organs has been reported {Simon and Rubin, 1979; Rush et al., 1981; Hogenesch et al., 1987; Moulton, 1990). ... 91 : 258.Simon, J. and Rubin, SB, (1979) Vet. Med. Sm. Anim. Clinic. 74,941-943. ...

It was hypothesized that the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen reduces fertility in dai... more It was hypothesized that the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen reduces fertility in dairy cows. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was an evaluation of the ultrasound characteristics of the reproductive tract, including the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen during estrus, and the effect of these findings on pregnancy rates in dairy cows. The study was conducted on 486 lactating Holstein cows detected to be in estrous, on a large commercial dairy herd in Shiraz, Iran. Transrectal ultrasound was performed at the time of artificial insemination. Reproductive tract characteristics, comprising follicle diameters, the presence of corpus luteum in ovaries, the thickness, folding and edema of the uterus, and intrauterine fluid, were visualized and scored by ultrasonography. The cows were followed after insemination and their pregnancy rate determined. The effect of ultrasound findings were investigated in relation to pregnancy rates. The data were analyzed using...

This study was carried out to assess the IGF-I, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta hydroxybu... more This study was carried out to assess the IGF-I, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and glucose concentrations during the peripartum period of dairy cows in normal condition, and cows with endometritis puerperalis and cystic ovarian disease. The study was conducted on 87 lactating Holstein cows (parity: 1-7) in the 9 th month of pregnancy in Shiraz, Iran. Blood samples were collected every 2 weeks from 2 weeks before until 6 weeks after calving. Two, four and six weeks after calving, palpation of the reproductive tract was performed. Cows were first inspected for the presence of fresh abnormal discharge on the vulva, perineum, or tail then those were examined intra-vaginally. Following inspection, ultrasonographic assessment of uterus and ovaries was also performed and ovarian structures (palpable follicle, CL and cyst) were scanned. Prepartum IGF-I concentration was significantly lower in cows that developed cystic ovaries than non-cystic (35.89±9.09 versu...

Veterinary Science Development, Dec 11, 2017

Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction, 2018

Objective: To confirm the efficacy of non-antibiotic treatment with prostaglandin F2 α (PGF2 α) i... more Objective: To confirm the efficacy of non-antibiotic treatment with prostaglandin F2 α (PGF2 α) in dairy cows affected by severe clinical endometritis in (30±3) days in milk. Methods: Cows with clinical endometritis 1 (n=399) were aligned into three groups randomly. The first group (n=115) received PGF2 α, the second group (n=84) received intrauterine infusion (lUI) of oxytetracycline 10% + PGF2 α, and the third group (n=200) received IUI. Cows were inseminated following estrus. The pregnancy status, parity, calving and artificial insemination season, ovaries with corpus luteum at the time of treatment, dystocia, body condition score and treatment groups were included in data analysis. Results: Total pregnancy rate was 40.1% after the first insemination and 94.2% after the third insemination. Overall pregnancy rate of treated cows with IUI+PGF2 α (84.5%) was significantly lower than the treated cows with PGF2 α(98.3%) or IUI (96%) (P<0.05). The first service pregnancy rate of inseminated cows in summer (14.3%) was lower in comparison with cows inseminated in spring (40.4%), fall (41.4%) and winter (51.7%) (P<0.05). Conclusions: PGF2 α could treat severe clinical endometritis in dairy cows with corpus luteum in comparison with other treatments.

Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2005

Veterinary and Animal Science

Comparative Clinical Pathology

Comparative Clinical Pathology

Veterinary Science Development, Dec 11, 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the uterine bacteria in cows with endometritis and to comp... more The aim of this study was to determine the uterine bacteria in cows with endometritis and to compare other characteristics in cases of endometritis without bacterial growth, with Trueperella pyogenes (Arcanobacterium pyogenes) or other bacteria. In total, 86 Holstein cows with postpartum endometritis from 13 commercial dairy herds were sampled once between 21-35 days postpartum. We used several diagnostic techniques for endometritis such as external observation, vaginal exam, rectal palpation, ultrasonography, and cervical and uterine cytological examination. Clear mucus with flakes of pus (E1), mucopurulent discharge (E2), and purulent discharge (E3) are three groups of endometritis. A transcervical double-guarded swab was used for bacterial sampling. The samples were cultured aerobic and anaerobically and biochemical tests were used for differentiation. Measurements were compared between groups: A, no growth (n=47); B, positive bacterial growth without T. pyogenes (n=21); and C, positive bacterial growth with T. pyogenes (n=18). There were no differences (P>0.05) in uterine wall thickness, body condition score (BCS) and milk yield between the groups. The uterine horn diameter was largest in groups A (4.30±0.88) in comparison with groups B (4.81±1.17) and C (5.53±2.17) (P<0.05). The percentage of neutrophiles in smears of the uterine discharge (45.7±33.4) in group C was higher (P<0.05) than in groups A (14.5±22.7) and B (23.5±24.0). Eighty-three percent of group C have shown purulent discharge. In conclusion, the facultative anaerobe T. pyogenes may be the most common bacterial agent of postpartum endometritis in Holstein dairy cows in Iran.

Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction, May 1, 2017

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-No... more This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak and buid upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society

The current research aims to explore the effects of Body condition score (BCS) reduction on some ... more The current research aims to explore the effects of Body condition score (BCS) reduction on some reproductive factors such as re-pregnancy rate, number of inseminations per pregnancy, clinical endometritis, and ovarian activity in Holstein cows and also the effects of number of calving and its difficulty, on changes in the BCS. Data analysis with spss 21 software shows that with a further decrease in BCS first month after delivery, the percentage of non-pregnant cases in the herd and the number of cows with inactive ovaries increases significantly. The rate of endometritis significantly increases by increasing negative changes in BCS by 0.5 units or more. The number of inseminations necessary for creating pregnancy in two groups of decrease in BCS was different with a statistically significant difference. The odds ratios of developing clinical endometritis and also inactive ovaries in cows with BCS changes< 0.5 were significantly greater. In addition, odds ratios of pregnancy wit...

It was hypothesized that the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen reduces fertility in dai... more It was hypothesized that the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen reduces fertility in dairy cows. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was an evaluation of the ultrasound characteristics of the reproductive tract, including the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen during estrus, and the effect of these findings on pregnancy rates in dairy cows. The study was conducted on 486 lactating Holstein cows detected to be in estrous, on a large commercial dairy herd in Shiraz, Iran. Transrectal ultrasound was performed at the time of artificial insemination. Reproductive tract characteristics, comprising follicle diameters, the presence of corpus luteum in ovaries, the thickness, folding and edema of the uterus, and intrauterine fluid, were visualized and scored by ultrasonography. The cows were followed after insemination and their pregnancy rate determined. The effect of ultrasound findings were investigated in relation to pregnancy rates. The data were analyzed using...

The objective of this study was to evaluate three synchronization fix timed-AI protocols througho... more The objective of this study was to evaluate three synchronization fix timed-AI protocols throughout the year on one commercial dairy farm in a semi-arid zone. Mean temperature-humidity indices (THI) were 77.5, 84.9, 70.8 and 58.8 in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. Insemination was synchronized in 3 groups of healthy Holstein Friesian dairy cows (Body Condition Score 2.25-3; scale 1-5) using controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR) +E2 (n = 99), CIDR+GnRH (n = 38), or Select-Ovsynch (n = 181). Pregnancy diagnosis was done by rectal palpation 45-50 days after one AI. Pregnancy rate did not differ between the three methods, but was lower (P<0.05) in summer (27.7%) than spring (50.8%), autumn (60.6%) or winter term (68.5%). Pregnancy rates in autumn term did not differ from spring or winter (P>0.05), but rates were lower in spring than in winter (P<0.05). Thus, a high THI had a negative effect on fertility of dairy cows and none of the three protocols used in this study resulted in good fertility in summer in this semi-arid zone. Therefore, it may be preferable to institute a seasonal calving program to breed in the cooler seasons.

... Metastatic seminoma with involvement of abdominal and thoracic organs has been reported {Simo... more ... Metastatic seminoma with involvement of abdominal and thoracic organs has been reported {Simon and Rubin, 1979; Rush et al., 1981; Hogenesch et al., 1987; Moulton, 1990). ... 91 : 258.Simon, J. and Rubin, SB, (1979) Vet. Med. Sm. Anim. Clinic. 74,941-943. ...

It was hypothesized that the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen reduces fertility in dai... more It was hypothesized that the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen reduces fertility in dairy cows. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was an evaluation of the ultrasound characteristics of the reproductive tract, including the accumulation of fluids in the uterine lumen during estrus, and the effect of these findings on pregnancy rates in dairy cows. The study was conducted on 486 lactating Holstein cows detected to be in estrous, on a large commercial dairy herd in Shiraz, Iran. Transrectal ultrasound was performed at the time of artificial insemination. Reproductive tract characteristics, comprising follicle diameters, the presence of corpus luteum in ovaries, the thickness, folding and edema of the uterus, and intrauterine fluid, were visualized and scored by ultrasonography. The cows were followed after insemination and their pregnancy rate determined. The effect of ultrasound findings were investigated in relation to pregnancy rates. The data were analyzed using...

This study was carried out to assess the IGF-I, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta hydroxybu... more This study was carried out to assess the IGF-I, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and glucose concentrations during the peripartum period of dairy cows in normal condition, and cows with endometritis puerperalis and cystic ovarian disease. The study was conducted on 87 lactating Holstein cows (parity: 1-7) in the 9 th month of pregnancy in Shiraz, Iran. Blood samples were collected every 2 weeks from 2 weeks before until 6 weeks after calving. Two, four and six weeks after calving, palpation of the reproductive tract was performed. Cows were first inspected for the presence of fresh abnormal discharge on the vulva, perineum, or tail then those were examined intra-vaginally. Following inspection, ultrasonographic assessment of uterus and ovaries was also performed and ovarian structures (palpable follicle, CL and cyst) were scanned. Prepartum IGF-I concentration was significantly lower in cows that developed cystic ovaries than non-cystic (35.89±9.09 versu...

Veterinary Science Development, Dec 11, 2017

Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction, 2018

Objective: To confirm the efficacy of non-antibiotic treatment with prostaglandin F2 α (PGF2 α) i... more Objective: To confirm the efficacy of non-antibiotic treatment with prostaglandin F2 α (PGF2 α) in dairy cows affected by severe clinical endometritis in (30±3) days in milk. Methods: Cows with clinical endometritis 1 (n=399) were aligned into three groups randomly. The first group (n=115) received PGF2 α, the second group (n=84) received intrauterine infusion (lUI) of oxytetracycline 10% + PGF2 α, and the third group (n=200) received IUI. Cows were inseminated following estrus. The pregnancy status, parity, calving and artificial insemination season, ovaries with corpus luteum at the time of treatment, dystocia, body condition score and treatment groups were included in data analysis. Results: Total pregnancy rate was 40.1% after the first insemination and 94.2% after the third insemination. Overall pregnancy rate of treated cows with IUI+PGF2 α (84.5%) was significantly lower than the treated cows with PGF2 α(98.3%) or IUI (96%) (P<0.05). The first service pregnancy rate of inseminated cows in summer (14.3%) was lower in comparison with cows inseminated in spring (40.4%), fall (41.4%) and winter (51.7%) (P<0.05). Conclusions: PGF2 α could treat severe clinical endometritis in dairy cows with corpus luteum in comparison with other treatments.

Comparative Clinical Pathology, 2005

Veterinary and Animal Science

Comparative Clinical Pathology

Comparative Clinical Pathology