Serah Funke Ige | Ladoke Akintola university of technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo state, Nigeria. (original) (raw)
Papers by Serah Funke Ige
International Journal of Physiology, 2016
The status of body temperature and antioxidant/free radical balance can be used as an index of he... more The status of body temperature and antioxidant/free radical balance can be used as an index of health, the presence and progression of disease conditions. Studies have shown that Garcinia kola (GK), an agricultural produce exhibits numerous health benefits. The present study investigated the effect of pretreatment with a crude extract of GK on Mean body temperature (MBT) and antioxidant enzymes in normal and colitis male rats induced by acute Acetic acid (AA) instillation. Twenty adult male albino rats weighing 120-150g were randomly divided into vehicle, GK, AA and GK+AA groups. Rats were treated respectively with distilled water and 150mg/kg of GK per day for three weeks. Acetic acid was induced through a single intra-colic instillation of 1ml/200g/BWT of 7% acetic acid. The result showed that GK- treatment did not lead to a statistical decrease in MBT when compared with vehicle, but there was a significant reduction in GK treated group when compared with AA and GK+AA groups respectively. Intestinal superoxide dismutase SOD and catalase of GK-treated rats were significantly elevated (P<0.05) when compared with vehicle, AA and GK+AA groups. GK treatment caused a significant reduction (P<0.05) in intestinal malondialdehyde when compared with vehicle, AA and GK+AA groups. Therefore, GK administration alleviated hyperthermia in acetic acid inducedcolitis and improved intestinal antioxidant enzymes in both healthy and colitis male rats.
International Journal of Pharmacology, Aug 15, 2008
Pathophysiology, Sep 1, 2013
Background: Cadmium (Cd) remains an important environmental pollutant of public health concern as... more Background: Cadmium (Cd) remains an important environmental pollutant of public health concern as it causes organ toxicity, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but the roles of common foods such as onion (Allium cepa) need further clarification. The aims of this study were to clarify whether or not Cd-induced organ dysfunction was associated with blood protein, lipid and lipid peroxidation and the effects of onion extract AcE in a rat model. Methods: Control and Cd-treated rats were maintained on control diet, while AcE+Cd-treated rats were also orally administered AcE (1 ml/100 g body weight). Cd-treated and AcE+Cd-treated rats also received cadmium as CdSO 4 (1.5 ml/kg body weight of 0.3 mg/L of CdSO 4) via drinking water. Results: It was found that Cd significantly increased total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, serum albumin, and reduced HDL-cholesterol, total plasma protein, and plasma testosterone. Administration of AcE restored the liver and kidney toxicities and blood protein and lipid profiles. Moreover, AcE improved Cd-induced decrease in urinary volume and renal clearance, and also protected against Cd-induced oxidative stress by normalizing redox status. However, AcE did not affect Cd-induced altered plasma testosterone. Conclusion: Our study suggests that Cd-induced CVD was associated with altered blood dysproteinemia, dyslipidaemia, and oxidative stress. It also provided the first evidence of the therapeutic efficacy of AcE against atherosclerotic conditions and organ toxicity in Cd-intoxicated rats via a mechanism independent of the circulating testosterone level.
International Journal of Biomedical Science
BACKGROUND: Cadmium (Cd), a naturally occurring toxic metal, in addition to being cytotoxic, has ... more BACKGROUND: Cadmium (Cd), a naturally occurring toxic metal, in addition to being cytotoxic, has been shown to be responsible for inducing free radical-dependent DNA damage in cells. Allium cepa is also known to ameliorate cadmium sulphate-induced organ toxicity through its antioxidant potential. The study was carried out to determine the ameliorative mechanisms of Allium cepa extract (ACE) in oxidative stress-mediated hepatic DNA damage in rats exposed to cadmium sulphate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty male adult wistar rats weighing 160-180g were used for this study. They were divided into four groups; group one (control), group two (Cd group), group three (Cd + ACE group) and group four (ACE group). Rats were administered 15 mg/kg CdSO4 and Allium cepa Extract (1 ml/100 g BW) for 28 days once per day (p.o.). Body weight changes (BWC), organ/body weight (OBW) ratio, feed conversion ratio (FCR), daily water intake (DWI) and daily feed intake (DFI) were monitored. Superoxide Dismuta...
IntechOpen eBooks, Feb 28, 2023
COVID-19 is a highly contagious viral illness that has claimed millions of lives worldwide. Since... more COVID-19 is a highly contagious viral illness that has claimed millions of lives worldwide. Since its emergence, it has exerted a negative impact on many sectors globally without the exception of frontline COVID-19 healthcare providers. Specifically, in frontline COVID-19 healthcare workers, occupational stress-related sleep disorders such as insomnia and daytime somnolence have been extensively reported and were characterized by neuro-immunological changes. However, the possible mechanisms that underlie the sleep disorders have not been elucidated. The review was designed to highlight possible sleep mechanisms responsible for insomnia and daytime somnolence reported in frontline COVID-19 health workers. Available evidence shows that emotional perturbation, hypertension, chronobiological disruption and prolonged exposure to artificial light are among the events orchestrating occupational-stress-related sleep disorders in frontline COVID-19 healthcare workers. Anxiety-associated sleep anomaly is attributable to stimulation of the reticular activating system which occurs as a result of activation of noradrenergic fiber and sympatho-adrenal axis. Another mechanism includes depletion of hippocampal and brain glycogen by anxiety-induced activation of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)-secreting brain neurons and hypothalamiccorticotropic-adrenal cortex axis. Spontaneous discharge of noradrenergic fiber during basal state and changes in normal secretory rhythm of hypnosis-related chemical messengers may be responsible for hypertension-and chronobiological disruption-induced sleep disorders, respectively. Lastly, prolonged light exposure-induced suppression of melatonin secretion may elicit disruption of normal circadian sleep.
Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2017
Neutrophil-derived oxygen free radicals have been implicated in the aetiology of gastric tissue d... more Neutrophil-derived oxygen free radicals have been implicated in the aetiology of gastric tissue damage. In this study, the ameliorative effects of Allium cepa on neutrophil infiltration, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in the ethanol-induced gastric injury were examined. Twenty four adult male Wistar rats were used for this study and divided into four groups; Control, Allium cepa, Allium cepa + Ethanol and Ethanol. Allium cepa was administered (1mL/100g body weight) daily for twenty eight days while 0.2mL of 98% (v/v) ethanol per 23g Body Weight was used to induced gastric damage. Macroscopic measurement of ulcer area, histological examination and biochemical analyses (Malondialdehyde level, Myeloperoxidase (index of neutrophil accumulation), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) activities) were carried out in plasma and gastric tissue. Ethanol administration significantly (p<0.05) increased ulcer score and ulcer index, decreased percentage ulcer inhibition, increased MDA and MPO, decreased SOD and CAT activities. Histological findings show glandular destruction in the gastric mucosa and infiltration of inflammatory cells in ethanol only group. These effects were ameliorated with Allium cepa pre-treatment. The results obtained from this study demonstrate the ameliorative effect of Allium Cepa on ethanol-induced gastric injury by reduction in gastric neutrophils infiltration and increased antioxidant activities.
Research Journal of Medical Sciences, May 1, 2010
International Journal of Biomedical Science
BACKGROUND: Studies have documented the contributions of alcohol to ulcerative colitis (UC) devel... more BACKGROUND: Studies have documented the contributions of alcohol to ulcerative colitis (UC) development. The present study sought to determine the specific pattern of hematological and immunological indices in experimental ulcerative colitis rats exposed to different alcohol intervention schedules. METHODS: 28 female Wistar rats weighing between 150-200 g were randomly divided into control, non-alcohol colitis (NAC), low-frequency alcohol colitis (LAC) and high-frequency alcohol colitis (HAC) groups. Experimental UC was induced through a single intra-colic instillation of 1 ml/100g of 7% acetic acid and rats were administered 20% v/v of ethanol ad libitum. RESULTS: When compared with NAC group, LAC elicited a significant increase (P<0.05) in white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and myeloperoxidase while monocytes, lymphocytes, platelet, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione decreased. Also, HAC caused an increase in myeloperoxidase and a de...
Kidney Research Journal, 2011
DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals - DOAJ, Oct 1, 2021
Background: Owing to the non-biodegradability of selenium, its prolonged consumption may lead to ... more Background: Owing to the non-biodegradability of selenium, its prolonged consumption may lead to adverse health outcomes. Aim and Objectives: The study investigated the physiological effects of prolonged selenium administrations in normal and desynchronized rats. Material and Methods: Ninety six cyclical adult female rats were divided into short (1 week) and long (8 weeks) experimental cohort consisting of 6 groups each. Each experimental cohort contained control, High Selenium Dose (HSD) (150 μg/kg), Low Selenium Dose (LSD) (100 μg/kg), Desynchronized Group (AP), AP + HSD and AP + LSD. Results: In normal rats, HSD administration caused duration-dependent increase in ovarian PER1 expression and suprachiasmatic catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) levels. LSD admini-stration resulted in duration-dependent increase in Nocturnal Plasma Melatonin (NPM), ovarian PER1 expression, ovarian GPx and duration-dependent increase and decrease in nighttime temperature and ovarian catalase respectively. On the other hand, in AP rats, HSD administration resulted in duration-dependent increase in ovarian PER1, NPM and suprachiasmatic catalase and duration-dependent decrease in nocturnal plasma glucose and ovarian catalase respectively. Also, LSD administration led to duration-dependent decrease in ovarian GPX and increase in ovarian PER1, suprachiasmatic GPX and catalase levels respectively. Conclusion: In normal rats, 8-week administration of 150 μg/kg of selenium relatively improved ovarian PER1 expression and glutathione peroxidase and catalase levels in suprachiasmatic nucleus. Prolonged selenium admini-strations caused beneficial effects in desynchronized rats
Asian Journal of Medicine and Health, 2021
Aims: Ulcerative colitis is a disease of the bowel that occurs in all ages and affects both males... more Aims: Ulcerative colitis is a disease of the bowel that occurs in all ages and affects both males and females. This research study was designed to investigate the effect of age and sex on the healing of colitis in rats. Methodology: Twenty - eight rats were randomly distributed into four groups of seven animals per group; adult male rats, mid age male rats, adult female rats and mid age female rats. Mid age and adult Wistar rats were 7- 8weeks and 14 weeks old respectively. Colitis was induced through a single intra-colonic instillation of 7% acetic acid (1mL/100g body weight) and allowed to heal for 14 days. Blood samples were obtained for analysis. Colon samples were also obtained for histomorphological study and biochemical assays (Myeloperoxidase activities, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione, Catalase and Malondialdehyde) levels. Results: There was no significant difference in Malondialdehyde concentration, catalase, Superoxide dismutase, Myeloperoxidase, Platelet Distribution W...
African journal of medicine and medical sciences, 2010
The protective effect of Garcinia kola (GK) crude extract on acetic acid induced colitis in rats ... more The protective effect of Garcinia kola (GK) crude extract on acetic acid induced colitis in rats was investigated. Colitis, a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by inflammation of colon. The pathology in colitis includes disruption of crypt architecture, inflammation of crypts, frank crypt abscesses, and hemorrhage or inflammatory cells in the lamina propria. Since oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiology of Inflammatory Bowel diseases,and Garcinia kola (GK), have been shown to reduce oxidative stress in the rat stomach.The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Garcinia kola on ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by acetic acid. Albino rats were divided into five groups; Group one served as control, group two received Normal saline, group three received 2.5% ethanol while groups four and five were given 20mg/kg and 100mg/kg of crude extract of Garcinia kolarespectively. In another experiment, rats were fed for 2 weeks on normal r...
Chinese Journal of Physiology, 2020
Dietary factors do not only contribute to remission of diseases but also play important roles in ... more Dietary factors do not only contribute to remission of diseases but also play important roles in the progression of medical conditions. We investigated the effect of different formulations of maize diets on the healing of experimental acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in male rats. Thirty-five (35) male Wistar rats (150–170 g) were randomly divided into control (CTR), UC, UC + high maize diet (HMD), UC + low maize diet (LMD), and UC + maize-free diet (MFD) groups. CTR, UC, UC + HMD, UC + LMD, and UC + MFD groups were administered different formulations of dietary maize ranging from 0% to 70%. Body weight change (BWC), colon weight, macroscopic ulcer score, catalase, glutathione (GSH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase, diarrhea score, superoxide dismutase (SOD), Ki-67 expression, and histological studies were done. Results were analyzed using SPSS 23. UC + LMD and UC + MFD groups showed a duration-dependent reduction in negative BWC, respectively. When compared with UC group, UC + LMD and UC + MFD significantly increased (P < 0.05) GSH and SOD respectively but had no effect on TNF-α and diarrhea score. UC + HMD increased diarrhea and macroscopic ulcer scores with Ki-67 expression highest in UC + MFD. The study indicated that consumption of either LMD or maize-free diet by colitic rats relatively enhanced healing of UC.
Neurophysiology, 2009
Male prepubertal (about 4 weeks old) Wistar rats were used to estimate the pain reaction times us... more Male prepubertal (about 4 weeks old) Wistar rats were used to estimate the pain reaction times using the tail-flick and hot-plate models; the testosterone concentration in all the animals before the tests in the blood plasma was measured. The same sets of animals were kept for the next 4 weeks under standard conditions; the experiment was repeated, and pain reaction times were also evaluated in the 8-week-old rats with blood samples collected to determine the plasma testosterone level. The results showed significant (P < 0.01) increases in the pain reaction times in both pain models in pubertal animals observed in a parallel manner with a corresponding significant (P < 0.01) increase in the plasma testosterone level. Therefore, age and sex are important factors in the choice of animals in pain experiments.
Indian Journal of Nephrology, 2009
Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal, is known for its adverse effects on the body. In this study, the low... more Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal, is known for its adverse effects on the body. In this study, the lowering effect of Cd on renal clearance (RC) was investigated, and Allium cepa extract (AcE) (an antioxidant) was pre-administered orally to prevent Cd&amp;#39;s adverse effects. Seventy-two Wistar rats, grouped into three (n = 24), were used for this study. While Group C was given 1.0 ml of AcE daily (orally), Group A and Group B were given distilled water. AcE administration was done for eight weeks. Afterwards B and C were then given 1.5 ml/kg BW of 0.3 mg/L 3CdSO(4).8H(2)O intraperitoneally for three consecutive days. The results obtained showed that Cd causes significant reduction in the 24 hour urine volume (from 3.017 +/- 0.125 to 2.433 +/- 0.118 ml), RC (from 3.258 +/- 0.114 to 1.357 +/- 0.104 ml/h for creatinine; and from 0.350 +/- 0.057 to 0.185 +/- 0.055 ml/h for urea), plasma and tissue SOD and CAT activity (form 1.644 +/- 0.036 to 1.307 +/- 0.056 u/g protein for plasma SOD; 0.391 +/- 0.029 to 0.2692 +/- 0.031 u/protein for plasma CAT; 1.695 +/- 0.034 to 1.327 +/- 0.049 u/g protein for tissues SOD; and from 0.350 +/- 0.027 to 0.273 +/- 0.043 u for tissue CAT), and significant MDA increased in plasma (from 1496.79 +/- 1.321 to 1679.48 +/- 143.29 mug/g protein) and tissue (from 1265.22 +/- 2.285 to 1669.87 +/- 14.61 mug/dL). AcE, however, prevents these Cd&amp;#39;s adverse effects. This findings lead to the conclusion Cd exposure causes renal dysfunction, but oral administration of onion could prevent it.
The Internet Journal of Pain, Symptom Control and Palliative Care, 2010
The choice of experimental animal in pain research over the years has been based on weight and in... more The choice of experimental animal in pain research over the years has been based on weight and in most cases taken little cognizance of the role played by sex hormones and reproductive stage of the experimental animal. This study was carried out to know the ideal quality upon which the choice of experimental animal in pain research should be based whether weight age or sex and the role played by sex/gonadal hormones in the perception of pain. Eight male prepubertal (about 4 weeks old) rats of Wistar strain were used to evaluate pain reaction time using both tail flick and hot plate model of evaluation and blood samples taken to determine the plasma testosterone concentration in all the animals before the tests. The same sets of animals were kept for the next 4 weeks under the same conditions. The experiment was repeated and pain reaction time was also evaluated in the pubertal 8 weeks old rats with blood samples collected to determine the plasma testosterone level. The results showed a significant (p<.01) increase in pain reaction time with corresponding significant (p<.01) increase in plasma testosterone level in both models of evaluation. The pubertal rats tolerated well the stimuli and subsequent increase in pain reaction time. Therefore age and sex remained important factors of consideration in the choice of animal in pain experiments.
Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2021
Background: Owing to the non-biodegradability of selenium, its prolonged consumption may... more Background: Owing to the non-biodegradability of selenium, its prolonged consumption may lead to adverse health outcomes. Aim and Objectives: The study investigated the physiological effects of prolonged selenium administrations in normal and desynchronized rats. Material and Methods: Ninety six cyclical adult female rats were divided into short (1 week) and long (8 weeks) experimental cohort consisting of 6 groups each. Each experimental cohort contained control, High Selenium Dose (HSD) (150 μg/kg), Low Selenium Dose (LSD) (100 μg/kg), Desynchronized Group (AP), AP + HSD and AP + LSD. Results: In normal rats, HSD administration caused duration-dependent increase in ovarian PER1 expression and suprachiasmatic catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) levels. LSD admini-stration resulted in duration-dependent increase in Nocturnal Plasma Melatonin (NPM), ovarian PER1 expression, ovarian GPx and duration-dependent increase and decrease in nighttime temperature and ovarian catalase respectively. On the other hand, in AP rats, HSD administration resulted in duration-dependent increase in ovarian PER1, NPM and suprachiasmatic catalase and duration-dependent decrease in nocturnal plasma glucose and ovarian catalase respectively. Also, LSD administration led to duration-dependent decrease in ovarian GPX and increase in ovarian PER1, suprachiasmatic GPX and catalase levels respectively. Conclusion: In normal rats, 8-week administration of 150 μg/kg of selenium relatively improved ovarian PER1 expression and glutathione peroxidase and catalase levels in suprachiasmatic nucleus. Prolonged selenium admini-strations caused beneficial effects in desynchronized rats
Twenty eight rats weighed 180 ± 20g were used for this study. They were divided into four groups;... more Twenty eight rats weighed 180 ± 20g were used for this study. They were divided into four groups; Control group, Colitis group, Allium Cepa + Colitis group and Allium Cepa group. Allium Cepa + Colitis group and Allium Cepa were given 1ml/100g body weight of Allium cepa extract daily for 28days orally. Colitis was induced by a single dose of intra-rectal administration of 1ml/100g body weight of 6% acetic acid. Forty eight hours after the colitis induction, blood was taken by cardiac puncture for clotting time test, Prothrombin time (PT), Partial thromboplastin time with kaolin test (PTT.K), platelet count, Calcium ion and Potassium ion test.
Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research, 2018
Since fiber is widely known to decrease Intestinal Transit Time (ITT), we sought to understand th... more Since fiber is widely known to decrease Intestinal Transit Time (ITT), we sought to understand the relative effect of fiber of Corchorus olitorus on ITT over that of Manihot esculenta in female wistar rats. 27 animals weighing 100-130g were randomly divided into three groups of 9 rats each. While group 1 was fed grower’s mash (GM) (normal feed diet), groups 2 and 3 were fed crude fibers of Manihot esculenta (ME) and Corchorus olitorus (CO) respectively. Crude fibers were extracted from GM, CO and ME using standard procedures. ITT was determined by measuring the intestinal length covered by the feeds at 90, 120 and 150 minutes postprandial and was expressed in percentage of the total length of the small intestine. When compared with GM fed group, there was an increase in % intestinal length covered in CO and ME fed rats 90 minutes postprandial. At 90 minutes postprandial, there was no significant change in % intestinal length covered in CO fed rats when compared with rats given ME. A...
Results: Exposure to LA caused significant reduction in high density lipoprotein (HDL), calcium, ... more Results: Exposure to LA caused significant reduction in high density lipoprotein (HDL), calcium, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione (GSH) and also resulted to a significant increase in total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), lipid profile ratios, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), sodium ions, potassium ions, chloride ions and malondialdehyde (MDA). ACJ treated rats showed a significantly reduced TC, TC/HDL, LDL/HDL and potassium and a significant increase in SOD, catalase and GSH. LA+ACJ group exhibited significantly low LDL/HDL ratio and a significantly high SOD but there was no significant change in TC, LDL, TG, VLDL, AIP, sodium, potassium, chloride, MDA, catalase and GSH.
International Journal of Physiology, 2016
The status of body temperature and antioxidant/free radical balance can be used as an index of he... more The status of body temperature and antioxidant/free radical balance can be used as an index of health, the presence and progression of disease conditions. Studies have shown that Garcinia kola (GK), an agricultural produce exhibits numerous health benefits. The present study investigated the effect of pretreatment with a crude extract of GK on Mean body temperature (MBT) and antioxidant enzymes in normal and colitis male rats induced by acute Acetic acid (AA) instillation. Twenty adult male albino rats weighing 120-150g were randomly divided into vehicle, GK, AA and GK+AA groups. Rats were treated respectively with distilled water and 150mg/kg of GK per day for three weeks. Acetic acid was induced through a single intra-colic instillation of 1ml/200g/BWT of 7% acetic acid. The result showed that GK- treatment did not lead to a statistical decrease in MBT when compared with vehicle, but there was a significant reduction in GK treated group when compared with AA and GK+AA groups respectively. Intestinal superoxide dismutase SOD and catalase of GK-treated rats were significantly elevated (P<0.05) when compared with vehicle, AA and GK+AA groups. GK treatment caused a significant reduction (P<0.05) in intestinal malondialdehyde when compared with vehicle, AA and GK+AA groups. Therefore, GK administration alleviated hyperthermia in acetic acid inducedcolitis and improved intestinal antioxidant enzymes in both healthy and colitis male rats.
International Journal of Pharmacology, Aug 15, 2008
Pathophysiology, Sep 1, 2013
Background: Cadmium (Cd) remains an important environmental pollutant of public health concern as... more Background: Cadmium (Cd) remains an important environmental pollutant of public health concern as it causes organ toxicity, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but the roles of common foods such as onion (Allium cepa) need further clarification. The aims of this study were to clarify whether or not Cd-induced organ dysfunction was associated with blood protein, lipid and lipid peroxidation and the effects of onion extract AcE in a rat model. Methods: Control and Cd-treated rats were maintained on control diet, while AcE+Cd-treated rats were also orally administered AcE (1 ml/100 g body weight). Cd-treated and AcE+Cd-treated rats also received cadmium as CdSO 4 (1.5 ml/kg body weight of 0.3 mg/L of CdSO 4) via drinking water. Results: It was found that Cd significantly increased total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, serum albumin, and reduced HDL-cholesterol, total plasma protein, and plasma testosterone. Administration of AcE restored the liver and kidney toxicities and blood protein and lipid profiles. Moreover, AcE improved Cd-induced decrease in urinary volume and renal clearance, and also protected against Cd-induced oxidative stress by normalizing redox status. However, AcE did not affect Cd-induced altered plasma testosterone. Conclusion: Our study suggests that Cd-induced CVD was associated with altered blood dysproteinemia, dyslipidaemia, and oxidative stress. It also provided the first evidence of the therapeutic efficacy of AcE against atherosclerotic conditions and organ toxicity in Cd-intoxicated rats via a mechanism independent of the circulating testosterone level.
International Journal of Biomedical Science
BACKGROUND: Cadmium (Cd), a naturally occurring toxic metal, in addition to being cytotoxic, has ... more BACKGROUND: Cadmium (Cd), a naturally occurring toxic metal, in addition to being cytotoxic, has been shown to be responsible for inducing free radical-dependent DNA damage in cells. Allium cepa is also known to ameliorate cadmium sulphate-induced organ toxicity through its antioxidant potential. The study was carried out to determine the ameliorative mechanisms of Allium cepa extract (ACE) in oxidative stress-mediated hepatic DNA damage in rats exposed to cadmium sulphate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty male adult wistar rats weighing 160-180g were used for this study. They were divided into four groups; group one (control), group two (Cd group), group three (Cd + ACE group) and group four (ACE group). Rats were administered 15 mg/kg CdSO4 and Allium cepa Extract (1 ml/100 g BW) for 28 days once per day (p.o.). Body weight changes (BWC), organ/body weight (OBW) ratio, feed conversion ratio (FCR), daily water intake (DWI) and daily feed intake (DFI) were monitored. Superoxide Dismuta...
IntechOpen eBooks, Feb 28, 2023
COVID-19 is a highly contagious viral illness that has claimed millions of lives worldwide. Since... more COVID-19 is a highly contagious viral illness that has claimed millions of lives worldwide. Since its emergence, it has exerted a negative impact on many sectors globally without the exception of frontline COVID-19 healthcare providers. Specifically, in frontline COVID-19 healthcare workers, occupational stress-related sleep disorders such as insomnia and daytime somnolence have been extensively reported and were characterized by neuro-immunological changes. However, the possible mechanisms that underlie the sleep disorders have not been elucidated. The review was designed to highlight possible sleep mechanisms responsible for insomnia and daytime somnolence reported in frontline COVID-19 health workers. Available evidence shows that emotional perturbation, hypertension, chronobiological disruption and prolonged exposure to artificial light are among the events orchestrating occupational-stress-related sleep disorders in frontline COVID-19 healthcare workers. Anxiety-associated sleep anomaly is attributable to stimulation of the reticular activating system which occurs as a result of activation of noradrenergic fiber and sympatho-adrenal axis. Another mechanism includes depletion of hippocampal and brain glycogen by anxiety-induced activation of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)-secreting brain neurons and hypothalamiccorticotropic-adrenal cortex axis. Spontaneous discharge of noradrenergic fiber during basal state and changes in normal secretory rhythm of hypnosis-related chemical messengers may be responsible for hypertension-and chronobiological disruption-induced sleep disorders, respectively. Lastly, prolonged light exposure-induced suppression of melatonin secretion may elicit disruption of normal circadian sleep.
Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2017
Neutrophil-derived oxygen free radicals have been implicated in the aetiology of gastric tissue d... more Neutrophil-derived oxygen free radicals have been implicated in the aetiology of gastric tissue damage. In this study, the ameliorative effects of Allium cepa on neutrophil infiltration, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in the ethanol-induced gastric injury were examined. Twenty four adult male Wistar rats were used for this study and divided into four groups; Control, Allium cepa, Allium cepa + Ethanol and Ethanol. Allium cepa was administered (1mL/100g body weight) daily for twenty eight days while 0.2mL of 98% (v/v) ethanol per 23g Body Weight was used to induced gastric damage. Macroscopic measurement of ulcer area, histological examination and biochemical analyses (Malondialdehyde level, Myeloperoxidase (index of neutrophil accumulation), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) activities) were carried out in plasma and gastric tissue. Ethanol administration significantly (p<0.05) increased ulcer score and ulcer index, decreased percentage ulcer inhibition, increased MDA and MPO, decreased SOD and CAT activities. Histological findings show glandular destruction in the gastric mucosa and infiltration of inflammatory cells in ethanol only group. These effects were ameliorated with Allium cepa pre-treatment. The results obtained from this study demonstrate the ameliorative effect of Allium Cepa on ethanol-induced gastric injury by reduction in gastric neutrophils infiltration and increased antioxidant activities.
Research Journal of Medical Sciences, May 1, 2010
International Journal of Biomedical Science
BACKGROUND: Studies have documented the contributions of alcohol to ulcerative colitis (UC) devel... more BACKGROUND: Studies have documented the contributions of alcohol to ulcerative colitis (UC) development. The present study sought to determine the specific pattern of hematological and immunological indices in experimental ulcerative colitis rats exposed to different alcohol intervention schedules. METHODS: 28 female Wistar rats weighing between 150-200 g were randomly divided into control, non-alcohol colitis (NAC), low-frequency alcohol colitis (LAC) and high-frequency alcohol colitis (HAC) groups. Experimental UC was induced through a single intra-colic instillation of 1 ml/100g of 7% acetic acid and rats were administered 20% v/v of ethanol ad libitum. RESULTS: When compared with NAC group, LAC elicited a significant increase (P<0.05) in white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and myeloperoxidase while monocytes, lymphocytes, platelet, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione decreased. Also, HAC caused an increase in myeloperoxidase and a de...
Kidney Research Journal, 2011
DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals - DOAJ, Oct 1, 2021
Background: Owing to the non-biodegradability of selenium, its prolonged consumption may lead to ... more Background: Owing to the non-biodegradability of selenium, its prolonged consumption may lead to adverse health outcomes. Aim and Objectives: The study investigated the physiological effects of prolonged selenium administrations in normal and desynchronized rats. Material and Methods: Ninety six cyclical adult female rats were divided into short (1 week) and long (8 weeks) experimental cohort consisting of 6 groups each. Each experimental cohort contained control, High Selenium Dose (HSD) (150 μg/kg), Low Selenium Dose (LSD) (100 μg/kg), Desynchronized Group (AP), AP + HSD and AP + LSD. Results: In normal rats, HSD administration caused duration-dependent increase in ovarian PER1 expression and suprachiasmatic catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) levels. LSD admini-stration resulted in duration-dependent increase in Nocturnal Plasma Melatonin (NPM), ovarian PER1 expression, ovarian GPx and duration-dependent increase and decrease in nighttime temperature and ovarian catalase respectively. On the other hand, in AP rats, HSD administration resulted in duration-dependent increase in ovarian PER1, NPM and suprachiasmatic catalase and duration-dependent decrease in nocturnal plasma glucose and ovarian catalase respectively. Also, LSD administration led to duration-dependent decrease in ovarian GPX and increase in ovarian PER1, suprachiasmatic GPX and catalase levels respectively. Conclusion: In normal rats, 8-week administration of 150 μg/kg of selenium relatively improved ovarian PER1 expression and glutathione peroxidase and catalase levels in suprachiasmatic nucleus. Prolonged selenium admini-strations caused beneficial effects in desynchronized rats
Asian Journal of Medicine and Health, 2021
Aims: Ulcerative colitis is a disease of the bowel that occurs in all ages and affects both males... more Aims: Ulcerative colitis is a disease of the bowel that occurs in all ages and affects both males and females. This research study was designed to investigate the effect of age and sex on the healing of colitis in rats. Methodology: Twenty - eight rats were randomly distributed into four groups of seven animals per group; adult male rats, mid age male rats, adult female rats and mid age female rats. Mid age and adult Wistar rats were 7- 8weeks and 14 weeks old respectively. Colitis was induced through a single intra-colonic instillation of 7% acetic acid (1mL/100g body weight) and allowed to heal for 14 days. Blood samples were obtained for analysis. Colon samples were also obtained for histomorphological study and biochemical assays (Myeloperoxidase activities, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione, Catalase and Malondialdehyde) levels. Results: There was no significant difference in Malondialdehyde concentration, catalase, Superoxide dismutase, Myeloperoxidase, Platelet Distribution W...
African journal of medicine and medical sciences, 2010
The protective effect of Garcinia kola (GK) crude extract on acetic acid induced colitis in rats ... more The protective effect of Garcinia kola (GK) crude extract on acetic acid induced colitis in rats was investigated. Colitis, a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by inflammation of colon. The pathology in colitis includes disruption of crypt architecture, inflammation of crypts, frank crypt abscesses, and hemorrhage or inflammatory cells in the lamina propria. Since oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiology of Inflammatory Bowel diseases,and Garcinia kola (GK), have been shown to reduce oxidative stress in the rat stomach.The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Garcinia kola on ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by acetic acid. Albino rats were divided into five groups; Group one served as control, group two received Normal saline, group three received 2.5% ethanol while groups four and five were given 20mg/kg and 100mg/kg of crude extract of Garcinia kolarespectively. In another experiment, rats were fed for 2 weeks on normal r...
Chinese Journal of Physiology, 2020
Dietary factors do not only contribute to remission of diseases but also play important roles in ... more Dietary factors do not only contribute to remission of diseases but also play important roles in the progression of medical conditions. We investigated the effect of different formulations of maize diets on the healing of experimental acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in male rats. Thirty-five (35) male Wistar rats (150–170 g) were randomly divided into control (CTR), UC, UC + high maize diet (HMD), UC + low maize diet (LMD), and UC + maize-free diet (MFD) groups. CTR, UC, UC + HMD, UC + LMD, and UC + MFD groups were administered different formulations of dietary maize ranging from 0% to 70%. Body weight change (BWC), colon weight, macroscopic ulcer score, catalase, glutathione (GSH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase, diarrhea score, superoxide dismutase (SOD), Ki-67 expression, and histological studies were done. Results were analyzed using SPSS 23. UC + LMD and UC + MFD groups showed a duration-dependent reduction in negative BWC, respectively. When compared with UC group, UC + LMD and UC + MFD significantly increased (P < 0.05) GSH and SOD respectively but had no effect on TNF-α and diarrhea score. UC + HMD increased diarrhea and macroscopic ulcer scores with Ki-67 expression highest in UC + MFD. The study indicated that consumption of either LMD or maize-free diet by colitic rats relatively enhanced healing of UC.
Neurophysiology, 2009
Male prepubertal (about 4 weeks old) Wistar rats were used to estimate the pain reaction times us... more Male prepubertal (about 4 weeks old) Wistar rats were used to estimate the pain reaction times using the tail-flick and hot-plate models; the testosterone concentration in all the animals before the tests in the blood plasma was measured. The same sets of animals were kept for the next 4 weeks under standard conditions; the experiment was repeated, and pain reaction times were also evaluated in the 8-week-old rats with blood samples collected to determine the plasma testosterone level. The results showed significant (P < 0.01) increases in the pain reaction times in both pain models in pubertal animals observed in a parallel manner with a corresponding significant (P < 0.01) increase in the plasma testosterone level. Therefore, age and sex are important factors in the choice of animals in pain experiments.
Indian Journal of Nephrology, 2009
Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal, is known for its adverse effects on the body. In this study, the low... more Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal, is known for its adverse effects on the body. In this study, the lowering effect of Cd on renal clearance (RC) was investigated, and Allium cepa extract (AcE) (an antioxidant) was pre-administered orally to prevent Cd&amp;#39;s adverse effects. Seventy-two Wistar rats, grouped into three (n = 24), were used for this study. While Group C was given 1.0 ml of AcE daily (orally), Group A and Group B were given distilled water. AcE administration was done for eight weeks. Afterwards B and C were then given 1.5 ml/kg BW of 0.3 mg/L 3CdSO(4).8H(2)O intraperitoneally for three consecutive days. The results obtained showed that Cd causes significant reduction in the 24 hour urine volume (from 3.017 +/- 0.125 to 2.433 +/- 0.118 ml), RC (from 3.258 +/- 0.114 to 1.357 +/- 0.104 ml/h for creatinine; and from 0.350 +/- 0.057 to 0.185 +/- 0.055 ml/h for urea), plasma and tissue SOD and CAT activity (form 1.644 +/- 0.036 to 1.307 +/- 0.056 u/g protein for plasma SOD; 0.391 +/- 0.029 to 0.2692 +/- 0.031 u/protein for plasma CAT; 1.695 +/- 0.034 to 1.327 +/- 0.049 u/g protein for tissues SOD; and from 0.350 +/- 0.027 to 0.273 +/- 0.043 u for tissue CAT), and significant MDA increased in plasma (from 1496.79 +/- 1.321 to 1679.48 +/- 143.29 mug/g protein) and tissue (from 1265.22 +/- 2.285 to 1669.87 +/- 14.61 mug/dL). AcE, however, prevents these Cd&amp;#39;s adverse effects. This findings lead to the conclusion Cd exposure causes renal dysfunction, but oral administration of onion could prevent it.
The Internet Journal of Pain, Symptom Control and Palliative Care, 2010
The choice of experimental animal in pain research over the years has been based on weight and in... more The choice of experimental animal in pain research over the years has been based on weight and in most cases taken little cognizance of the role played by sex hormones and reproductive stage of the experimental animal. This study was carried out to know the ideal quality upon which the choice of experimental animal in pain research should be based whether weight age or sex and the role played by sex/gonadal hormones in the perception of pain. Eight male prepubertal (about 4 weeks old) rats of Wistar strain were used to evaluate pain reaction time using both tail flick and hot plate model of evaluation and blood samples taken to determine the plasma testosterone concentration in all the animals before the tests. The same sets of animals were kept for the next 4 weeks under the same conditions. The experiment was repeated and pain reaction time was also evaluated in the pubertal 8 weeks old rats with blood samples collected to determine the plasma testosterone level. The results showed a significant (p<.01) increase in pain reaction time with corresponding significant (p<.01) increase in plasma testosterone level in both models of evaluation. The pubertal rats tolerated well the stimuli and subsequent increase in pain reaction time. Therefore age and sex remained important factors of consideration in the choice of animal in pain experiments.
Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2021
Background: Owing to the non-biodegradability of selenium, its prolonged consumption may... more Background: Owing to the non-biodegradability of selenium, its prolonged consumption may lead to adverse health outcomes. Aim and Objectives: The study investigated the physiological effects of prolonged selenium administrations in normal and desynchronized rats. Material and Methods: Ninety six cyclical adult female rats were divided into short (1 week) and long (8 weeks) experimental cohort consisting of 6 groups each. Each experimental cohort contained control, High Selenium Dose (HSD) (150 μg/kg), Low Selenium Dose (LSD) (100 μg/kg), Desynchronized Group (AP), AP + HSD and AP + LSD. Results: In normal rats, HSD administration caused duration-dependent increase in ovarian PER1 expression and suprachiasmatic catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) levels. LSD admini-stration resulted in duration-dependent increase in Nocturnal Plasma Melatonin (NPM), ovarian PER1 expression, ovarian GPx and duration-dependent increase and decrease in nighttime temperature and ovarian catalase respectively. On the other hand, in AP rats, HSD administration resulted in duration-dependent increase in ovarian PER1, NPM and suprachiasmatic catalase and duration-dependent decrease in nocturnal plasma glucose and ovarian catalase respectively. Also, LSD administration led to duration-dependent decrease in ovarian GPX and increase in ovarian PER1, suprachiasmatic GPX and catalase levels respectively. Conclusion: In normal rats, 8-week administration of 150 μg/kg of selenium relatively improved ovarian PER1 expression and glutathione peroxidase and catalase levels in suprachiasmatic nucleus. Prolonged selenium admini-strations caused beneficial effects in desynchronized rats
Twenty eight rats weighed 180 ± 20g were used for this study. They were divided into four groups;... more Twenty eight rats weighed 180 ± 20g were used for this study. They were divided into four groups; Control group, Colitis group, Allium Cepa + Colitis group and Allium Cepa group. Allium Cepa + Colitis group and Allium Cepa were given 1ml/100g body weight of Allium cepa extract daily for 28days orally. Colitis was induced by a single dose of intra-rectal administration of 1ml/100g body weight of 6% acetic acid. Forty eight hours after the colitis induction, blood was taken by cardiac puncture for clotting time test, Prothrombin time (PT), Partial thromboplastin time with kaolin test (PTT.K), platelet count, Calcium ion and Potassium ion test.
Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research, 2018
Since fiber is widely known to decrease Intestinal Transit Time (ITT), we sought to understand th... more Since fiber is widely known to decrease Intestinal Transit Time (ITT), we sought to understand the relative effect of fiber of Corchorus olitorus on ITT over that of Manihot esculenta in female wistar rats. 27 animals weighing 100-130g were randomly divided into three groups of 9 rats each. While group 1 was fed grower’s mash (GM) (normal feed diet), groups 2 and 3 were fed crude fibers of Manihot esculenta (ME) and Corchorus olitorus (CO) respectively. Crude fibers were extracted from GM, CO and ME using standard procedures. ITT was determined by measuring the intestinal length covered by the feeds at 90, 120 and 150 minutes postprandial and was expressed in percentage of the total length of the small intestine. When compared with GM fed group, there was an increase in % intestinal length covered in CO and ME fed rats 90 minutes postprandial. At 90 minutes postprandial, there was no significant change in % intestinal length covered in CO fed rats when compared with rats given ME. A...
Results: Exposure to LA caused significant reduction in high density lipoprotein (HDL), calcium, ... more Results: Exposure to LA caused significant reduction in high density lipoprotein (HDL), calcium, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione (GSH) and also resulted to a significant increase in total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), lipid profile ratios, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), sodium ions, potassium ions, chloride ions and malondialdehyde (MDA). ACJ treated rats showed a significantly reduced TC, TC/HDL, LDL/HDL and potassium and a significant increase in SOD, catalase and GSH. LA+ACJ group exhibited significantly low LDL/HDL ratio and a significantly high SOD but there was no significant change in TC, LDL, TG, VLDL, AIP, sodium, potassium, chloride, MDA, catalase and GSH.