Toshimi Owashi | Showa University (original) (raw)
Papers by Toshimi Owashi
International Clinical Psychopharmacology, Jul 1, 2006
We investigated whether we have achieved a changeover from typical antipsychotic agents to the mo... more We investigated whether we have achieved a changeover from typical antipsychotic agents to the more practical and modern atypical agents, by looking at the changes in prescribing patterns in our acute psychiatric wards in recent years.
Pharmacopsychiatry, Aug 31, 2009
sites, respectively. No acute toxicity was seen with concurrent PD-1 inhibitors and brain radiosu... more sites, respectively. No acute toxicity was seen with concurrent PD-1 inhibitors and brain radiosurgery (nZ4). The 1-year overall survival was 69.6%. The median local control of the irradiated lesion and progression free survival were 12.6 months and 5.3 months, respectively. Four patients have no evidence of progression after a median follow up of 5 months (range, 1-27) since completion of RT. One patient with an initially unresectable axillary lesion was treated with RT and pembrolizumab and had a pathologic complete response. Another patient experienced >50% radiographic response in a non-irradiated lesion after combination therapy suggesting a possible abscopal effect. Conclusion: Delivery of concurrent RT and PD-1 inhibitors was well tolerated. Further study is required to determine optimal dose, fractionation, and timing of RT and to define the long term clinical benefit of this approach.
PubMed, Aug 1, 2001
There are many ways of treatment for depression. Among them the most popular and effective treatm... more There are many ways of treatment for depression. Among them the most popular and effective treatment is pharmacotherapy. In the acute phase, pharmacotherapy with antidepressants, certain forms of psychotherapy, the combination of pharmacotherapy plus psychotherapy, and electroconvulsive treatment have clearly proven to be efficacious in most types of unipolar depressive disorders. The common augmenting agents probably are lithium, thyroid hormone, dopaminergic agents, and mood stabilizers. Certain treatments may be more effective in specific subtypes; for example, light therapy is useful for seasonal affective disorder. During the 16-24 weeks following remission, patients with antidepressant medications in the acute phase should be maintained on these agents to prevent relapse. For patient pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy has not been effective, the use of ECT may be useful. Following the continuation phase, maintenance-phase treatment should be considered for patients who have many depressive episodes to prevent recurrences of major depressive disorder.
Brain Research, Jun 1, 2004
To elucidate the anatomical distribution of the serotonergic neurotransmitter system, we identifi... more To elucidate the anatomical distribution of the serotonergic neurotransmitter system, we identified serotonin transporter (5-HTT) in the hippocampus of rats and monkeys by immunohistochemistry. A widespread and heterogeneous distribution of 5-HTT-immunoreactive fine fibers was noted in the rat brain. However, in monkeys, punctuate 5-HTT-immunoreactive deposits and fewer fibers were observed. The species difference in 5-HTT immunohistochemical staining pattern may be caused by differences in localization of 5-HTT between species.
Psychiatry Research-neuroimaging, Oct 1, 2010
To investigate the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive-compulsive sym... more To investigate the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) and their association with demographic and clinical factors, 92 inpatients with chronic schizophrenia participated in this study. Demographic factors, severity of psychiatric symptoms as determined by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and OCS by Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, general functioning, extrapyramidal symptoms, and dose of antipsychotics were compared between patients with and without OCD or OCS. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview was employed for diagnosis of OCD and OCS. OCD and OCS were observed in 14.1% and 51.1% of inpatients with schizophrenia, respectively. Schizophrenic patients with OCS exhibited significantly earlier onset of schizophrenia, lower socioeconomic status, and more severe psychiatric symptoms than those without OCS. Earlier hospitalization of schizophrenia, family history of psychosis, and more severe schizophrenic symptoms were associated with comorbidity of OCS, as determined by logistic regression analysis, and younger age was associated with more severe OCS. However, negative symptoms were associated with comorbidity of OCD in chronic schizophrenia. Our findings suggest there is a subtype of schizophrenia with OCS, which is related to earlier onset and more severe psychotic symptoms.
International Clinical Psychopharmacology, May 1, 2005
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety profiles between fluvoxamine and nor... more The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety profiles between fluvoxamine and nortriptyline in Japanese patients with major depression. The efficacy and safety profiles of fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor, and nortriptyline were compared under a single-blind fashion in 74 Japanese patients with major depression. The efficacy was assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) severity and improvement scores, while the safety profiles were assessed using the UKU Side Effect Rating Scale at baseline, and on days 7, 14, 28 and 56. Moreover, with the aim of determining the distinct efficacy profiles of each drug, the effects on each of the factor scores extracted by the principal component analysis performed for HAM-D scores were compared between drugs. Both drug groups showed significant amelioration of depressive symptomatology over the trial period lasting for 8 weeks. Statistical analyses revealed no significant between-group differences regarding the efficacy assessed by either HAM-D or CGI scores; however, the efficacy of nortriptyline tended to appear earlier than that of fluvoxamine. Moreover, no significant differences were obtained for the factor scores, representing 'depressed mood', 'physical symptoms' or 'sleep disturbances', although 'sleep disturbances' appeared to improve earlier in the nortriptyline group than in the fluvoxamine group. As for the safety profiles, the nortriptyline group scored a significantly higher incidence of adverse events such as dysarthria or orthostatic dizziness, as well as increased heart rate. These findings suggest that fluvoxamine is generally comparable to nortriptyline in its efficacy and superior in its safety profile, in accordance with findings obtained in previous comparative clinical trials conducted in Caucasian populations.
Psychoneuroendocrinology, Feb 1, 2008
Journal of Psychiatric Research, Jul 1, 2000
In a preliminary study, we performed the combined dexamethasone/CRH test on patients with major d... more In a preliminary study, we performed the combined dexamethasone/CRH test on patients with major depressive and dysthymic disorders as well as healthy controls. The ACTH response was signi®cantly enhanced in the major depression group compared to the control group and tended to be hightened compared to the dysthymia group. The cortisol response was not signi®cantly different among the three groups. We assume that major depression and dysthymia are neuroendocrinologically distinct disorders, although whether the dierence is quantitative or qualitative remains to be examined.
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2009
There is evidence from cross-sectional studies that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be a... more There is evidence from cross-sectional studies that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to examine prospective longitudinal associations between PTSD and obesity in a community sample. A prospective, longitudinal, epidemiologic study with a representative community sample of adolescents and young adults (N=3021, aged 14-24 years at baseline) was conducted in Munich, Germany. Participants were assessed four times between 1995 and 2005 with the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Associations between obesity (BMI > or =30) and DSM-IV PTSD were evaluated in 2007, using cross-sectional and prospective data during young adulthood. The cumulative lifetime incidence of obesity in the sample at 10-year follow-up during young adulthood was 4.3% (women, 4.6%; men, 4.0%). Among women but not among men, obesity was associated with a lifetime history of PTSD (OR=3.8; 95% CI=1.4, 10.7) in the cross-sectional analyses. Prospective longitudinal analyses from 4-year follow-up to 10-year follow-up confirmed that obesity was predicted by antecedent subthreshold and full PTSD (OR=3.0; 95% CI=1.3, 7.0) among women but not among men. There were no associations between other mental disorders and obesity in the prospective analyses. The findings indicate a possible causal pathway for the onset of obesity in females with PTSD symptoms. These findings need replication with regard to the pathophysiologic and behavioral mechanisms underlying this relationship.
International Clinical Psychopharmacology, May 1, 2005
International Clinical Psychopharmacology, Jul 1, 2006
serum concentrations are associated with a lower response to paroxetine and the existence of an u... more serum concentrations are associated with a lower response to paroxetine and the existence of an upper optimal serum concentration (20 ng/ml), at least in the initial treatment of panic disorder. Comparison of efficacy and safety profiles among paroxetine, benzodiazepines, and combination therapy in Japanese patients with panic disorder. open trial
Journal of Psychiatric Research, Apr 1, 2008
To explore and compare hypothalamic-pituitary-somatotropic (HPS) axis function and hypothalamic-p... more To explore and compare hypothalamic-pituitary-somatotropic (HPS) axis function and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis function in depression, the dexamethasone (DEX)/CRH test and growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) test were prospectively performed on patients with depression at the time of admission and discharge. The patients who relapsed within six months after discharge exhibited significantly lower growth hormone (GH) responses to GHRH at the time of discharge than those who did not relapse. There were no significant correlations between GH response to GHRH and the results of DEX/CRH tests after controlling for age, sex, and body mass index. The findings of this study suggest that results of the GHRH test may be a predictor of future relapse in patients with depression.
Journal of Japanese Society of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, Apr 30, 2007
Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, Oct 28, 2007
International Clinical Psychopharmacology, Jul 1, 2006
We investigated whether we have achieved a changeover from typical antipsychotic agents to the mo... more We investigated whether we have achieved a changeover from typical antipsychotic agents to the more practical and modern atypical agents, by looking at the changes in prescribing patterns in our acute psychiatric wards in recent years.
Pharmacopsychiatry, Aug 31, 2009
sites, respectively. No acute toxicity was seen with concurrent PD-1 inhibitors and brain radiosu... more sites, respectively. No acute toxicity was seen with concurrent PD-1 inhibitors and brain radiosurgery (nZ4). The 1-year overall survival was 69.6%. The median local control of the irradiated lesion and progression free survival were 12.6 months and 5.3 months, respectively. Four patients have no evidence of progression after a median follow up of 5 months (range, 1-27) since completion of RT. One patient with an initially unresectable axillary lesion was treated with RT and pembrolizumab and had a pathologic complete response. Another patient experienced >50% radiographic response in a non-irradiated lesion after combination therapy suggesting a possible abscopal effect. Conclusion: Delivery of concurrent RT and PD-1 inhibitors was well tolerated. Further study is required to determine optimal dose, fractionation, and timing of RT and to define the long term clinical benefit of this approach.
PubMed, Aug 1, 2001
There are many ways of treatment for depression. Among them the most popular and effective treatm... more There are many ways of treatment for depression. Among them the most popular and effective treatment is pharmacotherapy. In the acute phase, pharmacotherapy with antidepressants, certain forms of psychotherapy, the combination of pharmacotherapy plus psychotherapy, and electroconvulsive treatment have clearly proven to be efficacious in most types of unipolar depressive disorders. The common augmenting agents probably are lithium, thyroid hormone, dopaminergic agents, and mood stabilizers. Certain treatments may be more effective in specific subtypes; for example, light therapy is useful for seasonal affective disorder. During the 16-24 weeks following remission, patients with antidepressant medications in the acute phase should be maintained on these agents to prevent relapse. For patient pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy has not been effective, the use of ECT may be useful. Following the continuation phase, maintenance-phase treatment should be considered for patients who have many depressive episodes to prevent recurrences of major depressive disorder.
Brain Research, Jun 1, 2004
To elucidate the anatomical distribution of the serotonergic neurotransmitter system, we identifi... more To elucidate the anatomical distribution of the serotonergic neurotransmitter system, we identified serotonin transporter (5-HTT) in the hippocampus of rats and monkeys by immunohistochemistry. A widespread and heterogeneous distribution of 5-HTT-immunoreactive fine fibers was noted in the rat brain. However, in monkeys, punctuate 5-HTT-immunoreactive deposits and fewer fibers were observed. The species difference in 5-HTT immunohistochemical staining pattern may be caused by differences in localization of 5-HTT between species.
Psychiatry Research-neuroimaging, Oct 1, 2010
To investigate the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive-compulsive sym... more To investigate the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) and their association with demographic and clinical factors, 92 inpatients with chronic schizophrenia participated in this study. Demographic factors, severity of psychiatric symptoms as determined by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and OCS by Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, general functioning, extrapyramidal symptoms, and dose of antipsychotics were compared between patients with and without OCD or OCS. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview was employed for diagnosis of OCD and OCS. OCD and OCS were observed in 14.1% and 51.1% of inpatients with schizophrenia, respectively. Schizophrenic patients with OCS exhibited significantly earlier onset of schizophrenia, lower socioeconomic status, and more severe psychiatric symptoms than those without OCS. Earlier hospitalization of schizophrenia, family history of psychosis, and more severe schizophrenic symptoms were associated with comorbidity of OCS, as determined by logistic regression analysis, and younger age was associated with more severe OCS. However, negative symptoms were associated with comorbidity of OCD in chronic schizophrenia. Our findings suggest there is a subtype of schizophrenia with OCS, which is related to earlier onset and more severe psychotic symptoms.
International Clinical Psychopharmacology, May 1, 2005
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety profiles between fluvoxamine and nor... more The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety profiles between fluvoxamine and nortriptyline in Japanese patients with major depression. The efficacy and safety profiles of fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor, and nortriptyline were compared under a single-blind fashion in 74 Japanese patients with major depression. The efficacy was assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) severity and improvement scores, while the safety profiles were assessed using the UKU Side Effect Rating Scale at baseline, and on days 7, 14, 28 and 56. Moreover, with the aim of determining the distinct efficacy profiles of each drug, the effects on each of the factor scores extracted by the principal component analysis performed for HAM-D scores were compared between drugs. Both drug groups showed significant amelioration of depressive symptomatology over the trial period lasting for 8 weeks. Statistical analyses revealed no significant between-group differences regarding the efficacy assessed by either HAM-D or CGI scores; however, the efficacy of nortriptyline tended to appear earlier than that of fluvoxamine. Moreover, no significant differences were obtained for the factor scores, representing 'depressed mood', 'physical symptoms' or 'sleep disturbances', although 'sleep disturbances' appeared to improve earlier in the nortriptyline group than in the fluvoxamine group. As for the safety profiles, the nortriptyline group scored a significantly higher incidence of adverse events such as dysarthria or orthostatic dizziness, as well as increased heart rate. These findings suggest that fluvoxamine is generally comparable to nortriptyline in its efficacy and superior in its safety profile, in accordance with findings obtained in previous comparative clinical trials conducted in Caucasian populations.
Psychoneuroendocrinology, Feb 1, 2008
Journal of Psychiatric Research, Jul 1, 2000
In a preliminary study, we performed the combined dexamethasone/CRH test on patients with major d... more In a preliminary study, we performed the combined dexamethasone/CRH test on patients with major depressive and dysthymic disorders as well as healthy controls. The ACTH response was signi®cantly enhanced in the major depression group compared to the control group and tended to be hightened compared to the dysthymia group. The cortisol response was not signi®cantly different among the three groups. We assume that major depression and dysthymia are neuroendocrinologically distinct disorders, although whether the dierence is quantitative or qualitative remains to be examined.
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2009
There is evidence from cross-sectional studies that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be a... more There is evidence from cross-sectional studies that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to examine prospective longitudinal associations between PTSD and obesity in a community sample. A prospective, longitudinal, epidemiologic study with a representative community sample of adolescents and young adults (N=3021, aged 14-24 years at baseline) was conducted in Munich, Germany. Participants were assessed four times between 1995 and 2005 with the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Associations between obesity (BMI > or =30) and DSM-IV PTSD were evaluated in 2007, using cross-sectional and prospective data during young adulthood. The cumulative lifetime incidence of obesity in the sample at 10-year follow-up during young adulthood was 4.3% (women, 4.6%; men, 4.0%). Among women but not among men, obesity was associated with a lifetime history of PTSD (OR=3.8; 95% CI=1.4, 10.7) in the cross-sectional analyses. Prospective longitudinal analyses from 4-year follow-up to 10-year follow-up confirmed that obesity was predicted by antecedent subthreshold and full PTSD (OR=3.0; 95% CI=1.3, 7.0) among women but not among men. There were no associations between other mental disorders and obesity in the prospective analyses. The findings indicate a possible causal pathway for the onset of obesity in females with PTSD symptoms. These findings need replication with regard to the pathophysiologic and behavioral mechanisms underlying this relationship.
International Clinical Psychopharmacology, May 1, 2005
International Clinical Psychopharmacology, Jul 1, 2006
serum concentrations are associated with a lower response to paroxetine and the existence of an u... more serum concentrations are associated with a lower response to paroxetine and the existence of an upper optimal serum concentration (20 ng/ml), at least in the initial treatment of panic disorder. Comparison of efficacy and safety profiles among paroxetine, benzodiazepines, and combination therapy in Japanese patients with panic disorder. open trial
Journal of Psychiatric Research, Apr 1, 2008
To explore and compare hypothalamic-pituitary-somatotropic (HPS) axis function and hypothalamic-p... more To explore and compare hypothalamic-pituitary-somatotropic (HPS) axis function and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis function in depression, the dexamethasone (DEX)/CRH test and growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) test were prospectively performed on patients with depression at the time of admission and discharge. The patients who relapsed within six months after discharge exhibited significantly lower growth hormone (GH) responses to GHRH at the time of discharge than those who did not relapse. There were no significant correlations between GH response to GHRH and the results of DEX/CRH tests after controlling for age, sex, and body mass index. The findings of this study suggest that results of the GHRH test may be a predictor of future relapse in patients with depression.
Journal of Japanese Society of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, Apr 30, 2007
Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, Oct 28, 2007