Bozena Cetnarowska | University of Silesia in Katowice (original) (raw)

Papers by Bozena Cetnarowska

Word Structure, Apr 1, 2017

Roczniki Humanistyczne

This paper discusses some corpus-based activities which can be used to increase the sensitivity o... more This paper discusses some corpus-based activities which can be used to increase the sensitivity of advanced L2 learners of English to the constraints on the occurrence of gender-marked forms in English. Guidelines for gender-inclusive language recommend replacing gender-specific job titles, such as fireman/firewoman, with gender-neutral nouns, i.e. firefighter. By investigating examples gleaned from the Corpus of Contemporary American English and the British National Corpus, learners of English can identify the conditions under which gender-specific forms may be employed. They can also see which type of gender-marked forms occurs more commonly in each of those corpora (e.g., woman driver or female driver). A further online corpus known as Global Web-Based English can be used with advanced L2 learners of English as a source of data indicating different attitudes towards gender-marked forms in native and non-native varieties of English, as can be shown for occupational terms with the ...

Questions and Answers in Linguistics, Nov 1, 2016

The article compares the occurrence of pronominal possessive adjectives and denominal group adjec... more The article compares the occurrence of pronominal possessive adjectives and denominal group adjectives in Polish event nominals. It is demonstrated that while in other Slavonic languages (e.g., in Russian) relational adjectives clearly contrast with possessive adjectives (both pronominal and lexical ones), in Polish denominal group adjectives, such as prezydencki 'presidential', ministerialny 'ministerial', or urzędniczy 'clerk.ADJ', resemble possessive pronouns in functioning as elements which can satisfy the argument structure of event nominals. The focus is laid on intransitive nominals, in view of the Possessor Principle proposed for Polish by Rozwadowska (1997). While some Polish intransitive nominals accompanied by possessives or by group adjectives are recognized as referential nominals (as is predicted by the analysis of Greek and Romanian group adjectives presented by Alexiadou and Stavrou, 2011, and Moreno, 2015), other intransitive nominals with such adjectival satellites are argued to be argument-supporting nominals. The association with the agentive reading (i.e., external argument interpretation) is shown to be characteristic, but not obligatory, with thematic group adjectives.

Word Structure, Mar 1, 2021

This paper examines inflectional markers (signalling number, case and gender) of selected types o... more This paper examines inflectional markers (signalling number, case and gender) of selected types of NN complexes in Polish, which can be regarded as attributive-appositive (ATAP) lexical units in the cross-linguistic classification of compounds proposed by Scalise & Bisetto (2009) . Polish compounds proper show externalization of inflection and take inflectional markers on their right-hand constituents only. In contrast, Polish juxtapositions are expected to display double inflectional marking (on both their components). However, data from the National Corpus of Polish demonstrate that ATAP juxtapositions containing the lexeme widmo ‘ghost, phantom’ as their right-hand component exhibit variability in their inflectional paradigms. The right-hand (i.e. the modifier) constituent of such juxtapositions either shows number and case agreement with the head noun, or it appears in the default (nom.sg) form. Potential reasons for the instability of inflectional paradigms of such NN juxtapositions are considered.

Linguistica Pragensia, Jun 8, 2023

Studies in Polish Linguistics, 2019

In this paper I will examine N+N juxtapositions in Polish, such as kobieta anioł (woman angel) 'a... more In this paper I will examine N+N juxtapositions in Polish, such as kobieta anioł (woman angel) 'an angel of a woman' , praca marzenie (job dream) 'dream job' , dziecko geniusz (child genius) 'prodigy child' , and kierowca cham (driver lout) 'a lout of a driver'. I will demonstrate that they exhibit properties of expressive combinations, as discussed for English by Potts (2007) and for German by Meibauer (2013). It will be proposed that Polish expressive N+N juxtapositions under analysis fall into two groups. Juxtapositions belonging to the first group, e.g. kierowca cham 'a lout of a driver' , behave like coordinate compound-like units. Juxtapositions which form the second group of expressive complexes, such as kobieta anioł 'an angel of a woman' and praca marzenie 'dream job' , can be treated as attributive-appositive (ATAP) combinations (in Scalise and Bisetto's 2009 classification). The occurrence of a cline between coordinate and attributive multi-word units is postulated. Keywords expressive N+N combinations, coordinate juxtapositions, attributive juxtapositions Streszczenie W niniejszym artykule zbadano zestawienia składające się z rzeczowników pozostających w związku zgody w języku polskim, takie jak kobieta anioł, praca marzenie, dziecko geniusz oraz kierowca cham. Stwierdzono, że mają one cechy wyrażeń ekspresywnych, podobnie do wyrażeń w języku angielskim analizowanych przez Pottsa (2007) oraz złożeń w języku niemieckim badanych przez Meibauera (2013). Zaproponowano podział polskich zestawień ekspresywnych na dwa typy. Przedstawiono argumenty za traktowaniem zestawień pierwszego typu, np. kierowca cham, jako wyrażeń o strukturze współrzędnej (tj. składających się z elementów równorzędnych pod względem semantycznym). Wykazano, że zestawienia drugiego typu, np. praca marzenie, zachowują się jak połączenia rzeczownikowe o semantycznej strukturze nadrzędno-podrzędnej, tj. jako zestawienia atrybutywno-apozycyjne 1 I am grateful to the two anonymous SPL reviewers for their insightful and useful comments. I would also like to thank the audiences of OLINCO 2018, the Word-Formation Theories III & Typology and Universals in Word-Formation IV Conference, LingBaW 2018 and SinFonIJA 11 for their feedback. 2 Bożena Cetnarowska (por. Scalise i Bisetto 2009). W artykule postuluje się istnienie strefy pośredniej pomiędzy obiema grupami zestawień ekspresywnych w języku polskim. Słowa kluczowe leksyka ekspresywna, zestawienia rzeczownikowe, zestawienia o strukturze współrzędnej, zestawienia o strukturze podrzędno-nadrzędnej

Linguistica Silesiana, Jul 26, 2023

The aim of the paper is to discuss vagueness of denominal adjectives in English in their qualitat... more The aim of the paper is to discuss vagueness of denominal adjectives in English in their qualitative usage. Semantic indeterminacy will be illustrated for selected denominal adjectives with the suffi x-ial, focusing on the lexeme professorial. The range of the qualitative senses of such adjectives will be exemplifi ed by sentences culled from COCA and other linguistic corpora. It will be argued that typicality effects (as discussed by Lakoff 1987) are relevant to the identifi cation (and fl exibility) of meanings of denominal adjectives.

Studies in morphology, 2018

This chapter discusses multi-word expressions in Polish which consist of a noun accompanied by an... more This chapter discusses multi-word expressions in Polish which consist of a noun accompanied by an adjective (in any order), e.g. boza krowka (lit. God.a cow.dim) ‘ladybird’ and dzial finansowy (lit. department financial) ‘financial department’, as well as those in which a head noun is followed by another noun in the genitive case, as in prawo pracy (lit. law.nom work.gen) ‘labour law’. Such units are phrasal lexemes, that is, expressions which contain fully inflected constituents but resemble derivatives in having a naming function. Their syntactic fixedness, semantic compositionality and their interaction with word-formation is discussed. Although some phrasal nouns are not (fully) compositional semantically, the majority of such multi-word units need not be treated as idioms. Phrasal schemas function both as redundancy statements with respect to lexicalized multi-word units, as well as templates for creating novel phrasal nouns in Polish. Construction Grammar and Construction Morphology provide an adequate grammatical model for a proper account of these phrasal nouns.

Roczniki Humanistyczne, 2023

This thematic issue on nominalisations contains selected papers from the 9th JENom workshop, whic... more This thematic issue on nominalisations contains selected papers from the 9th JENom workshop, which took place on 17th-18th June 2021. The workshop series was initiated in France, which explains the French acronym JENom from Journées d'Études sur les Nominalisations. The previous eight editions took place in Nancy

De Gruyter eBooks, Oct 24, 2022

Linguistica Silesiana, Jul 26, 2023

The article investigates the usage of female occupation terms in English by discussing a sample o... more The article investigates the usage of female occupation terms in English by discussing a sample of terms denoting female physicians attested in the COCA corpus. Differences are examined between connotations of synonymous Sex+Profession compounds, such as woman doctor and lady doctor. The issue is considered whether such N+N combinations should be treated as appositional compounds or as attributive compounds.

Studies in Polish Linguistics, 2020

Th is paper examines expressive sentences in Polish, such as Idiota, nie kierowca! (lit. idiot, n... more Th is paper examines expressive sentences in Polish, such as Idiota, nie kierowca! (lit. idiot, not driver) 'an idiot of a driver' and Potwór, nie matka! (lit. monster, not mother) 'a monster of a mother'. Variants of the "X, not Y" construction, its optional and obligatory elements are identifi ed. Diff erences are emphasised between the emphatic "X, not Y construction" and non-emphatic negative copular clauses. Moreover, relatedness is discussed between expressive NN juxtapositions, such as kierowca idiota (lit. driver idiot) 'an idiot of a driver' or matka potwór (lit. mother monster) 'a monster of a mother' , and the "X, not Y" construction. Semantic-structural types of expressive NN juxtapositions are considered, following the cross-linguistic classifi cation of multiword units proposed by Scalise and Bisetto (2009). Th e reversibility of NN juxtapositions is taken into account as well. Th e question is addressed which types of juxtapositions allow their constituents to appear in the "X, not Y" construction.

ZAS papers in linguistics, 2000

The present paper investigates the relationship between the morphological word and the prosodie w... more The present paper investigates the relationship between the morphological word and the prosodie word in Polish sequences consisting of proclitics and lexical words. Let us start by examining the placement of primary and secondary stresses in the phrases given in (1) in careful Polish.! Stressed syllables are marked below by capitalizing the appropriate vowels: (I) a. pO after polowAniu hunting.loc.sg 'after the hunting' b. dIA nieszczt(snlka for wretch.gen.sg 'for the/a wretched person' In (2) the phrases from (l) are represented as sequences of feet. The digit I stands for the primary stress and 2 for secondary (or tertiary) stresses (as in Kraska-Szlenk 1995 or Rubaeh and Booij 1985). Polish words have penultimate stress, i.e. a prosodie word (henceforth PW d) has a prominent trochaic foot at the right edge. 2 Following McCarthy and Prince (1993) and Selkirk (1995), I assurne that feet are binary and that some unstressed syllables remain unparsed, i.e.-10in (2a) and-szczes-in (2b). (2) a. (2 0) 0 (1 0) b. (2 0) o (I 0) po po 10 wa niu (=Ia) dIa me szezt(s ni ka (= 1 b) The monosyllabie preposition and the initial syllable of the host in eaeh phrase in (2) form a foot. MeCarthy and Prince (1993:129) assert that '[b]y the Prosodie Hierarehy, no foot can , This is a revised version of the talk given at the workshop 'Das Wort in der Phonologie' during the 22"d meeting of the Linguislic Associalion of Germany (DGfS) in Marburg in March 2000. I would like to express my gratitude to the participants of thc workshop for their questions and remarks, and to thc editors of the present volume for their help in preparing the final version of the manuscript. I am particularly indebted to GraZyna Rowicka and Marzena Rochon for reading carefully an earlier version of the paper. I would also like to thank Geert Booij and Gienek Cyran for their comments. I am alone responsible for any remaining eITors. 1 Thc phrases quoted hefe from Polish occur in their standard orthographie; form. Thc letter 'w' is used to represent a voiced labiodental fricative (i.e. the sound transcribed as [vJ in IPA transcription). The letter 'I' represents a labia-velar semivowel (i.c. [w] in IPA transcription) and 'j' stands a palatal semivowel. The digraph 'eh' is used for a voiceless velar fricative [xl. The digraphs 'cz' and 'dt' stand for post-alveolar affricates (voieeless and voiced, respeetively). Dental-alveolar affrieates are represented in spelling as 'c' (voiceless) and 'dz' (voiced). Post-alveolar tricalives are spelIed 'sz' (voiceless) and 'z' (voiced, with the variant spelling being 'rz'). Prepalatal equivalents of dental-alveolar and post-alveolar consonants are represented as sequences of such consonants and the letter 'i' (e.g. 'i', 'zi') or as the symbols 's', 't', 'c', 'dt' and 'TI'. The letter 'y' stands for a high central vowel. Nasal vowels are spelIed ''I' (back) and ',' (front). 2 A useful discussion of stress pattern in Polish can be found in Hayes (1995).

LINGUISTICA SILESIANA

The aim of the paper is to discuss vagueness of denominal adjectives in English in their qualitat... more The aim of the paper is to discuss vagueness of denominal adjectives in English in their qualitative usage. Semantic indeterminacy will be illustrated for selected denominal adjectives with the suffi x-ial, focusing on the lexeme professorial. The range of the qualitative senses of such adjectives will be exemplifi ed by sentences culled from COCA and other linguistic corpora. It will be argued that typicality effects (as discussed by Lakoff 1987) are relevant to the identifi cation (and fl exibility) of meanings of denominal adjectives.

Contrastive Studies in Morphology and Syntax

Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft

This article shows that deverbal conversion nouns in Polish fall into several classes, depending ... more This article shows that deverbal conversion nouns in Polish fall into several classes, depending on their inflectional properties and on their semantic interpretation, e. g. rzut ‘throw’, rząd ‘government’, odnowa ‘renovation’, and przystań ‘haven, wharf’. In a theoretical framework which recognizes zero morphemes as nominalizers, such a situation would call for the recognition of many homonymous zero affixes (each specifying a distinct inflection class or a different semantic paraphrase of the resulting zero-derivative). It is argued here that a more felicitous account of this type of verb-to-noun derivation in Polish can be offered in the framework of Construction Morphology. It involves the postulation of multiple construction schemas which express the form-meaning correspondence observable in various subtypes of conversion nouns. Such low-level schemas are treated as instantiations of more general (high-level) schemas and they form a network of morphological constructions in a h...

The Construction of Words, 2018

This chapter discusses multi-word expressions in Polish which consist of a noun accompanied by an... more This chapter discusses multi-word expressions in Polish which consist of a noun accompanied by an adjective (in any order), e.g. boza krowka (lit. God.a cow.dim) ‘ladybird’ and dzial finansowy (lit. department financial) ‘financial department’, as well as those in which a head noun is followed by another noun in the genitive case, as in prawo pracy (lit. law.nom work.gen) ‘labour law’. Such units are phrasal lexemes, that is, expressions which contain fully inflected constituents but resemble derivatives in having a naming function. Their syntactic fixedness, semantic compositionality and their interaction with word-formation is discussed. Although some phrasal nouns are not (fully) compositional semantically, the majority of such multi-word units need not be treated as idioms. Phrasal schemas function both as redundancy statements with respect to lexicalized multi-word units, as well as templates for creating novel phrasal nouns in Polish. Construction Grammar and Construction Morphology provide an adequate grammatical model for a proper account of these phrasal nouns.

Word Structure, Apr 1, 2017

Roczniki Humanistyczne

This paper discusses some corpus-based activities which can be used to increase the sensitivity o... more This paper discusses some corpus-based activities which can be used to increase the sensitivity of advanced L2 learners of English to the constraints on the occurrence of gender-marked forms in English. Guidelines for gender-inclusive language recommend replacing gender-specific job titles, such as fireman/firewoman, with gender-neutral nouns, i.e. firefighter. By investigating examples gleaned from the Corpus of Contemporary American English and the British National Corpus, learners of English can identify the conditions under which gender-specific forms may be employed. They can also see which type of gender-marked forms occurs more commonly in each of those corpora (e.g., woman driver or female driver). A further online corpus known as Global Web-Based English can be used with advanced L2 learners of English as a source of data indicating different attitudes towards gender-marked forms in native and non-native varieties of English, as can be shown for occupational terms with the ...

Questions and Answers in Linguistics, Nov 1, 2016

The article compares the occurrence of pronominal possessive adjectives and denominal group adjec... more The article compares the occurrence of pronominal possessive adjectives and denominal group adjectives in Polish event nominals. It is demonstrated that while in other Slavonic languages (e.g., in Russian) relational adjectives clearly contrast with possessive adjectives (both pronominal and lexical ones), in Polish denominal group adjectives, such as prezydencki 'presidential', ministerialny 'ministerial', or urzędniczy 'clerk.ADJ', resemble possessive pronouns in functioning as elements which can satisfy the argument structure of event nominals. The focus is laid on intransitive nominals, in view of the Possessor Principle proposed for Polish by Rozwadowska (1997). While some Polish intransitive nominals accompanied by possessives or by group adjectives are recognized as referential nominals (as is predicted by the analysis of Greek and Romanian group adjectives presented by Alexiadou and Stavrou, 2011, and Moreno, 2015), other intransitive nominals with such adjectival satellites are argued to be argument-supporting nominals. The association with the agentive reading (i.e., external argument interpretation) is shown to be characteristic, but not obligatory, with thematic group adjectives.

Word Structure, Mar 1, 2021

This paper examines inflectional markers (signalling number, case and gender) of selected types o... more This paper examines inflectional markers (signalling number, case and gender) of selected types of NN complexes in Polish, which can be regarded as attributive-appositive (ATAP) lexical units in the cross-linguistic classification of compounds proposed by Scalise & Bisetto (2009) . Polish compounds proper show externalization of inflection and take inflectional markers on their right-hand constituents only. In contrast, Polish juxtapositions are expected to display double inflectional marking (on both their components). However, data from the National Corpus of Polish demonstrate that ATAP juxtapositions containing the lexeme widmo ‘ghost, phantom’ as their right-hand component exhibit variability in their inflectional paradigms. The right-hand (i.e. the modifier) constituent of such juxtapositions either shows number and case agreement with the head noun, or it appears in the default (nom.sg) form. Potential reasons for the instability of inflectional paradigms of such NN juxtapositions are considered.

Linguistica Pragensia, Jun 8, 2023

Studies in Polish Linguistics, 2019

In this paper I will examine N+N juxtapositions in Polish, such as kobieta anioł (woman angel) 'a... more In this paper I will examine N+N juxtapositions in Polish, such as kobieta anioł (woman angel) 'an angel of a woman' , praca marzenie (job dream) 'dream job' , dziecko geniusz (child genius) 'prodigy child' , and kierowca cham (driver lout) 'a lout of a driver'. I will demonstrate that they exhibit properties of expressive combinations, as discussed for English by Potts (2007) and for German by Meibauer (2013). It will be proposed that Polish expressive N+N juxtapositions under analysis fall into two groups. Juxtapositions belonging to the first group, e.g. kierowca cham 'a lout of a driver' , behave like coordinate compound-like units. Juxtapositions which form the second group of expressive complexes, such as kobieta anioł 'an angel of a woman' and praca marzenie 'dream job' , can be treated as attributive-appositive (ATAP) combinations (in Scalise and Bisetto's 2009 classification). The occurrence of a cline between coordinate and attributive multi-word units is postulated. Keywords expressive N+N combinations, coordinate juxtapositions, attributive juxtapositions Streszczenie W niniejszym artykule zbadano zestawienia składające się z rzeczowników pozostających w związku zgody w języku polskim, takie jak kobieta anioł, praca marzenie, dziecko geniusz oraz kierowca cham. Stwierdzono, że mają one cechy wyrażeń ekspresywnych, podobnie do wyrażeń w języku angielskim analizowanych przez Pottsa (2007) oraz złożeń w języku niemieckim badanych przez Meibauera (2013). Zaproponowano podział polskich zestawień ekspresywnych na dwa typy. Przedstawiono argumenty za traktowaniem zestawień pierwszego typu, np. kierowca cham, jako wyrażeń o strukturze współrzędnej (tj. składających się z elementów równorzędnych pod względem semantycznym). Wykazano, że zestawienia drugiego typu, np. praca marzenie, zachowują się jak połączenia rzeczownikowe o semantycznej strukturze nadrzędno-podrzędnej, tj. jako zestawienia atrybutywno-apozycyjne 1 I am grateful to the two anonymous SPL reviewers for their insightful and useful comments. I would also like to thank the audiences of OLINCO 2018, the Word-Formation Theories III & Typology and Universals in Word-Formation IV Conference, LingBaW 2018 and SinFonIJA 11 for their feedback. 2 Bożena Cetnarowska (por. Scalise i Bisetto 2009). W artykule postuluje się istnienie strefy pośredniej pomiędzy obiema grupami zestawień ekspresywnych w języku polskim. Słowa kluczowe leksyka ekspresywna, zestawienia rzeczownikowe, zestawienia o strukturze współrzędnej, zestawienia o strukturze podrzędno-nadrzędnej

Linguistica Silesiana, Jul 26, 2023

The aim of the paper is to discuss vagueness of denominal adjectives in English in their qualitat... more The aim of the paper is to discuss vagueness of denominal adjectives in English in their qualitative usage. Semantic indeterminacy will be illustrated for selected denominal adjectives with the suffi x-ial, focusing on the lexeme professorial. The range of the qualitative senses of such adjectives will be exemplifi ed by sentences culled from COCA and other linguistic corpora. It will be argued that typicality effects (as discussed by Lakoff 1987) are relevant to the identifi cation (and fl exibility) of meanings of denominal adjectives.

Studies in morphology, 2018

This chapter discusses multi-word expressions in Polish which consist of a noun accompanied by an... more This chapter discusses multi-word expressions in Polish which consist of a noun accompanied by an adjective (in any order), e.g. boza krowka (lit. God.a cow.dim) ‘ladybird’ and dzial finansowy (lit. department financial) ‘financial department’, as well as those in which a head noun is followed by another noun in the genitive case, as in prawo pracy (lit. law.nom work.gen) ‘labour law’. Such units are phrasal lexemes, that is, expressions which contain fully inflected constituents but resemble derivatives in having a naming function. Their syntactic fixedness, semantic compositionality and their interaction with word-formation is discussed. Although some phrasal nouns are not (fully) compositional semantically, the majority of such multi-word units need not be treated as idioms. Phrasal schemas function both as redundancy statements with respect to lexicalized multi-word units, as well as templates for creating novel phrasal nouns in Polish. Construction Grammar and Construction Morphology provide an adequate grammatical model for a proper account of these phrasal nouns.

Roczniki Humanistyczne, 2023

This thematic issue on nominalisations contains selected papers from the 9th JENom workshop, whic... more This thematic issue on nominalisations contains selected papers from the 9th JENom workshop, which took place on 17th-18th June 2021. The workshop series was initiated in France, which explains the French acronym JENom from Journées d'Études sur les Nominalisations. The previous eight editions took place in Nancy

De Gruyter eBooks, Oct 24, 2022

Linguistica Silesiana, Jul 26, 2023

The article investigates the usage of female occupation terms in English by discussing a sample o... more The article investigates the usage of female occupation terms in English by discussing a sample of terms denoting female physicians attested in the COCA corpus. Differences are examined between connotations of synonymous Sex+Profession compounds, such as woman doctor and lady doctor. The issue is considered whether such N+N combinations should be treated as appositional compounds or as attributive compounds.

Studies in Polish Linguistics, 2020

Th is paper examines expressive sentences in Polish, such as Idiota, nie kierowca! (lit. idiot, n... more Th is paper examines expressive sentences in Polish, such as Idiota, nie kierowca! (lit. idiot, not driver) 'an idiot of a driver' and Potwór, nie matka! (lit. monster, not mother) 'a monster of a mother'. Variants of the "X, not Y" construction, its optional and obligatory elements are identifi ed. Diff erences are emphasised between the emphatic "X, not Y construction" and non-emphatic negative copular clauses. Moreover, relatedness is discussed between expressive NN juxtapositions, such as kierowca idiota (lit. driver idiot) 'an idiot of a driver' or matka potwór (lit. mother monster) 'a monster of a mother' , and the "X, not Y" construction. Semantic-structural types of expressive NN juxtapositions are considered, following the cross-linguistic classifi cation of multiword units proposed by Scalise and Bisetto (2009). Th e reversibility of NN juxtapositions is taken into account as well. Th e question is addressed which types of juxtapositions allow their constituents to appear in the "X, not Y" construction.

ZAS papers in linguistics, 2000

The present paper investigates the relationship between the morphological word and the prosodie w... more The present paper investigates the relationship between the morphological word and the prosodie word in Polish sequences consisting of proclitics and lexical words. Let us start by examining the placement of primary and secondary stresses in the phrases given in (1) in careful Polish.! Stressed syllables are marked below by capitalizing the appropriate vowels: (I) a. pO after polowAniu hunting.loc.sg 'after the hunting' b. dIA nieszczt(snlka for wretch.gen.sg 'for the/a wretched person' In (2) the phrases from (l) are represented as sequences of feet. The digit I stands for the primary stress and 2 for secondary (or tertiary) stresses (as in Kraska-Szlenk 1995 or Rubaeh and Booij 1985). Polish words have penultimate stress, i.e. a prosodie word (henceforth PW d) has a prominent trochaic foot at the right edge. 2 Following McCarthy and Prince (1993) and Selkirk (1995), I assurne that feet are binary and that some unstressed syllables remain unparsed, i.e.-10in (2a) and-szczes-in (2b). (2) a. (2 0) 0 (1 0) b. (2 0) o (I 0) po po 10 wa niu (=Ia) dIa me szezt(s ni ka (= 1 b) The monosyllabie preposition and the initial syllable of the host in eaeh phrase in (2) form a foot. MeCarthy and Prince (1993:129) assert that '[b]y the Prosodie Hierarehy, no foot can , This is a revised version of the talk given at the workshop 'Das Wort in der Phonologie' during the 22"d meeting of the Linguislic Associalion of Germany (DGfS) in Marburg in March 2000. I would like to express my gratitude to the participants of thc workshop for their questions and remarks, and to thc editors of the present volume for their help in preparing the final version of the manuscript. I am particularly indebted to GraZyna Rowicka and Marzena Rochon for reading carefully an earlier version of the paper. I would also like to thank Geert Booij and Gienek Cyran for their comments. I am alone responsible for any remaining eITors. 1 Thc phrases quoted hefe from Polish occur in their standard orthographie; form. Thc letter 'w' is used to represent a voiced labiodental fricative (i.e. the sound transcribed as [vJ in IPA transcription). The letter 'I' represents a labia-velar semivowel (i.c. [w] in IPA transcription) and 'j' stands a palatal semivowel. The digraph 'eh' is used for a voiceless velar fricative [xl. The digraphs 'cz' and 'dt' stand for post-alveolar affricates (voieeless and voiced, respeetively). Dental-alveolar affrieates are represented in spelling as 'c' (voiceless) and 'dz' (voiced). Post-alveolar tricalives are spelIed 'sz' (voiceless) and 'z' (voiced, with the variant spelling being 'rz'). Prepalatal equivalents of dental-alveolar and post-alveolar consonants are represented as sequences of such consonants and the letter 'i' (e.g. 'i', 'zi') or as the symbols 's', 't', 'c', 'dt' and 'TI'. The letter 'y' stands for a high central vowel. Nasal vowels are spelIed ''I' (back) and ',' (front). 2 A useful discussion of stress pattern in Polish can be found in Hayes (1995).

LINGUISTICA SILESIANA

The aim of the paper is to discuss vagueness of denominal adjectives in English in their qualitat... more The aim of the paper is to discuss vagueness of denominal adjectives in English in their qualitative usage. Semantic indeterminacy will be illustrated for selected denominal adjectives with the suffi x-ial, focusing on the lexeme professorial. The range of the qualitative senses of such adjectives will be exemplifi ed by sentences culled from COCA and other linguistic corpora. It will be argued that typicality effects (as discussed by Lakoff 1987) are relevant to the identifi cation (and fl exibility) of meanings of denominal adjectives.

Contrastive Studies in Morphology and Syntax

Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft

This article shows that deverbal conversion nouns in Polish fall into several classes, depending ... more This article shows that deverbal conversion nouns in Polish fall into several classes, depending on their inflectional properties and on their semantic interpretation, e. g. rzut ‘throw’, rząd ‘government’, odnowa ‘renovation’, and przystań ‘haven, wharf’. In a theoretical framework which recognizes zero morphemes as nominalizers, such a situation would call for the recognition of many homonymous zero affixes (each specifying a distinct inflection class or a different semantic paraphrase of the resulting zero-derivative). It is argued here that a more felicitous account of this type of verb-to-noun derivation in Polish can be offered in the framework of Construction Morphology. It involves the postulation of multiple construction schemas which express the form-meaning correspondence observable in various subtypes of conversion nouns. Such low-level schemas are treated as instantiations of more general (high-level) schemas and they form a network of morphological constructions in a h...

The Construction of Words, 2018

This chapter discusses multi-word expressions in Polish which consist of a noun accompanied by an... more This chapter discusses multi-word expressions in Polish which consist of a noun accompanied by an adjective (in any order), e.g. boza krowka (lit. God.a cow.dim) ‘ladybird’ and dzial finansowy (lit. department financial) ‘financial department’, as well as those in which a head noun is followed by another noun in the genitive case, as in prawo pracy (lit. law.nom work.gen) ‘labour law’. Such units are phrasal lexemes, that is, expressions which contain fully inflected constituents but resemble derivatives in having a naming function. Their syntactic fixedness, semantic compositionality and their interaction with word-formation is discussed. Although some phrasal nouns are not (fully) compositional semantically, the majority of such multi-word units need not be treated as idioms. Phrasal schemas function both as redundancy statements with respect to lexicalized multi-word units, as well as templates for creating novel phrasal nouns in Polish. Construction Grammar and Construction Morphology provide an adequate grammatical model for a proper account of these phrasal nouns.