Marimuthu Anandharaj | Academia Sinica (original) (raw)

Uploads

Research Publications by Marimuthu Anandharaj

Research in Microbiology

This study sought to evaluate the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from... more This study sought to evaluate the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from traditionally fermented south Indian koozh and gherkin (cucumber). A total of 51 LAB strains were isolated, among which four were identified as Lactobacillus spp. and three as Weissella spp. The strains were screened for their probiotic potential. All isolated Lactobacillus and Weissella strains were capable of surviving under low pH and bile salt conditions. GI9 and FKI21 were able to survive at pH 2.0 and 0.50% bile salt for 3 h without losing their viability. All LAB strains exhibited inhibitory activity against tested pathogens and were able to deconjugate bile salt. Higher deconjugation was observed in the presence of sodium glycocholate (P < 0.05). Strain FKI21 showed maximum auto-aggregation (79%) and co-aggregation with Escherichia coli MTCC 1089 (68%). Exopolysaccharide production of LAB strains ranged from 68.39 to 127.12 mg/L (P < 0.05). Moreover, GI9 (58.08 μg/ml) and FKI21 (56.25 μg/ml) exhibited maximum cholesterol reduction with bile salts. 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed GI9 and FKI21 as Lactobacillus crispatus and Weissella koreensis, respectively. This is the first study to report isolation of W.koreensis FKI21 from fermented koozh and demonstrates its cholesterol-reducing potential.

Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (Elsevier)

Please cite this article in press as: Anandharaj, M., and Sivasankari, B., Isolation of potential... more Please cite this article in press as: Anandharaj, M., and Sivasankari, B., Isolation of potential probiotic Lactobacillus oris HMI68 from mother's milk with cholesterol-reducing property, J. Biosci. Bioeng., (2014), http://dx.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (Elsevier)

Chemical compounds studied in this article: Doxorubicin hydrochloride (PubChem CID: 443939) a b s... more Chemical compounds studied in this article: Doxorubicin hydrochloride (PubChem CID: 443939) a b s t r a c t Ethnopharmacological relevance: This study provides significant ethnopharmacological information, both qualitative and quantitative on medicinal plants in the Thoppampatti village, Dindigul district, Tamilnadu, India. There is urgency in recording such data to conserve the traditional medicinal plants. This is the first ethnobotanical study which records the traditional important medicinal plants of Thoppampatti village. To collect, analyze and evaluate the ethnopharmacologic knowledge in Thoppampatti village in order to protect it. This study reports the results of an ethnopharmacological survey on the uses of medicinal plants by inhabitants of the Thoppampatti. Materials and methods: The field study was carried out in a period of about one year (April 2012-May 2013) in Thoppampatti village. The information was obtained through open and semi-structured interviews with 48 (27 males, 21 females) knowledgeable local people and traditional healers (THs).

Chinese Journal of Biology

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine (Elsevier)

Objective: To record the medicinal plants of Uthapuram Village, Madurai district, Tamilnadu, Sout... more Objective: To record the medicinal plants of Uthapuram Village, Madurai district, Tamilnadu, South India for the first time and the usage of these medicinal plants to remediate the diseases among the peoples. Methods: Explorative field trips were made to the village for about twelve months from April 2012 to May 2013 to survey the medicinal plants and collect the information from the villagers. Results: From this study 52 species of valuable medicinal plants belonging to 36 families were recorded and their ethnomedicinal values were collected from the village peoples. Conclusion: This study focuses the importance, utilization and conservation of the medicinal plants among the people.

As world population increases, lactic acid fermentation is expected to become an important role i... more As world population increases, lactic acid fermentation is expected to become an important role in preserving fresh vegetables, fruits, and other food items for feeding humanity in developing countries. However, several fermented fruits and vegetables products (Sauerkraut, Kimchi, Gundruk, Khalpi, Sinki, etc.) have a long history in human nutrition from ancient ages and are associated with the several social aspects of different communities. Among the food items, fruits and vegetables are easily perishable commodities due to their high water activity and nutritive values. These conditions are more critical in tropical and subtropical countries which favour the growth of spoilage causing microorganisms. Lactic acid fermentation increases shelf life of fruits and vegetables and also enhances several beneficial properties, including nutritive value and flavours, and reduces toxicity. Fermented fruits and vegetables can be used as a potential source of probiotics as they harbour several lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus plantarum, L. pentosus, L. brevis, L. acidophilus, L. fermentum, Leuconostoc fallax, and L. mesenteroides. As a whole, the traditionally fermented fruits and vegetables not only serve as food supplements but also attribute towards health benefits. This review aims to describe some important Asian fermented fruits and vegetables and their significance as a potential source of probiotics. Asian traditional fermented foods are generally fermented by LAB such as Lactobacillus plantarum, L. pentosus, L. brevis, L. fermentum, L. casei, Leuconostoc mesenteroides,

International Journal of Current Research

In the present study from sewage sample and identified based on gram staining and growth on selec... more In the present study from sewage sample and identified based on gram staining and growth on selective media (EMB agar). Isolated E coli was used for hydrogen production using sweet sorghum juice and sugarcane juice. The hydrogen produced by E. coli 24 h by as a substrate. More amount of water was d when compared with pH 4.5 (315 ml), pH 5.5(390ml),pH 6.5 (420 ml), pH 7.5 (400 ml) and atpH 8.5 (320 ml). The result revealed that the pH range from 5.5 (390 ml) to 6.5(420 ml).

JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH IN SCIENCE

In this study vermicompost was prepared from leaf materials of Glericidia sepium + Cassia auricul... more In this study vermicompost was prepared from leaf materials of Glericidia sepium + Cassia auriculata + Leucaena leucocephala with cowdung (1:1:2) using Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg) and Eisenia fetida for 60 days. Nineteen bacterial strains which have the capability to fix nitrogen, solubilize inorganic phosphate and produce phytohormones were isolated from vermicompost, vermisources and earthworm (fore, mid and hind) guts and tested for plant growth studies. Among the bacterial strains only five strains had both activities, among five Bacillus spp. showed more nitrogen fixing activity and Pseudomonas spp. showed more phosphate solubilizing activity. Hence these bacterial strains were selected for further molecular analysis and identified Bacillus cereus GGBSTD1, Pseudomonas spp. GGBSTD3. Plant growth studies use these two organisms separately and as consortium (Bacillus cereus + Pseudomonas spp) in (1:1) ratio at different concentrations using Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp at different day intervals. The germination percent, Shoot length, root length, leaf area, chlorophyll a content of the leaves, chlorophyll b content of the leaves, total chlorophyll content of the leaves, fresh weight of the whole plant and dry weight of the whole plant were significantly enhanced by the consortium (Bacillus cereus + Pseudomonas spp.) of two organisms at 5 ml concentrations on 15 day compared to others.

Nineteen bacterial strains were isolated from vermisources and screened for Indole-3-acetic acid ... more Nineteen bacterial strains were isolated from vermisources and
screened for Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production among them
only nine strains produce IAA and they were identified as
Streptococcus spp., Micrococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Bacillus spp.,
Enterobacter spp., Escherichia spp., Alcaligenes spp., Erwinia spp.,
and Pseudomonas spp. Among all other strains Bacillus sp. showed
the higher IAA production hence selected for further molecular
analysis and confirmed as Bacillus cereus. The B. cereus was grown
in nutrient broth supplemented with different concentrations (1, 2, 3,
4 and 5mg/ml) of tryptophan for seven days at pH 7 and at 37ºC.
Crude IAA was used for in vitro phytostimulatory studies using
Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. The plant growth parameters were
analyzed at different day intervals (5, 10 and 15 days).
Supplementation of 5 ml crude IAA (2mg/ml of tryptophan)
dynamically enhances the plant growth parameters after 15 days.

Academic Qualifications by Marimuthu Anandharaj

Seminar / Conferences by Marimuthu Anandharaj

Research in Microbiology

Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (Elsevier)

Journal of Ethnopharmacology (Elsevier)

Chinese Journal of Biology

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine (Elsevier)

International Journal of Current Research

JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH IN SCIENCE

Frontiers in Microbiology

Probiotic bacteria are beneficial to the health of poultry animals, thus are used as alternative ... more Probiotic bacteria are beneficial to the health of poultry animals, thus are used as alternative candidates for antibiotics used as growth promoters (AGPs). However, they also reduce the body weight gain due to innate bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity. Hence, the addition of a suitable BSH inhibitor along with the probiotic feed can decrease the BSH activity. In this study, a BSH gene (981 bp) encoding 326-amino acids was identified from the genome ofFR4 (BSH). TheBSH-encoding gene was cloned and purified using anBL21 (DE3) expression system, and its molecular weight (37 kDa) was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and a Western blot analysis.BSH exhibited greater hydrolysis toward glyco-conjugated bile salts compared to tauro-conjugated bile salts.BSH displayed optimal activity at 52°C at a pH of 5.5, and activity was further increased by several reducing agents (DTT), surfactants (Triton X-100 and Tween 80), and organic solvents (isopropanol, butanol, and acetone). Riboflavin and penicillin V, respectively, inhibitedBSH activity by 98.31 and 97.84%. A homology model ofBSH was predicted usingBSH (4WL3) as a template. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the glycocholic acid had lowest binding energy of -8.46 kcal/mol; on the other hand, inhibitors, i.e., riboflavin and penicillin V, had relatively higher binding energies of -6.25 and -7.38 kcal/mol, respectively. Our results suggest thatFR4 along with riboflavin might be a potential alternative to AGPs for poultry animals.

Frontiers in microbiology, 2016

This study focuses on isolation, screening, and characterization of novel probiotics from gastroi... more This study focuses on isolation, screening, and characterization of novel probiotics from gastrointestinal tract of free-range chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus). Fifty seven colonies were isolated and three isolates (FR4, FR9, and FR12) were selected and identified as Lactobacillus gasseri FR4, Bacillus tequilensis FR9, and L. animalis FR12 by 16S rRNA sequencing. Three strains were able to survive in stimulated acidic and bile conditions and inhibit the growth of pathogens. Especially, FR9 exhibited maximum inhibition against Listeria monocytogenes and none of them exhibited hemolytic activity. Native-PAGE revealed the presence of low molecular weight (3.4-5.0 KDa) antimicrobial peptide. The peptide was further purified by Sephadex G-50 column and RP-HPLC using C18 column. N-terminal amino acid sequencing of antimicrobial peptide showed 100% consensus to antilisterial peptide Subtilosin A and SboA gene was amplified from FR9 genome. FR9 showed maximum aggregation activity, exopoly...

International journal of biological macromolecules, Jan 12, 2016

Hetero-exopolysaccharide secreted by Bacillus tequilensis FR9 (BtqEPS), was produced and fraction... more Hetero-exopolysaccharide secreted by Bacillus tequilensis FR9 (BtqEPS), was produced and fractioned on DEAE-Sepharose and phenyl sepharose CL-6B column. HPLC analysis revealed the existence of five monosaccharides including glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose and xylose. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR spectra analysis showed the presence of α and β-d-(+)-glucose residues and glycosidic linkages. The fibrous, porous nature and elemental composition (C, O, N, Cl, Na, P, S) of BtqEPS was inferred from SEM and EDX analysis. AFM proved that the micro-structure of BtqEPS is compact and rough. XRD analysis confirmed the amorphous nature of BtqEPS with 15.6% crystallinity index. TGA curve indicated the degradation temperature (Td) of 239.72°C. Furthermore, BtqEPS exhibited antioxidant effects by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and demonstrated strong reducing power. All the above findings on BtqEPS paves way to f...

Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, Jan 9, 2016

Protease enzymes in tannery industries have enormous applications. Seeking a potential candidate ... more Protease enzymes in tannery industries have enormous applications. Seeking a potential candidate for efficient protease production has emerged in recent years. In our study, we sought to isolate proteolytic bacteria from tannery waste dumping site in Tamilnadu, India. Novel proteolytic Bacillus alkalitelluris TWI3 was isolated and tested for protease production. Maximum protease production was achieved using lactose and skim milk as a carbon and nitrogen source, respectively, and optimum growth temperature was found to be 40 °C at pH 8. Protease enzyme was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation method and anion exchange chromatography. Diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) column chromatography and Sephadex G-100 chromatography yielded an overall 4.92-fold and 7.19-fold purification, respectively. The 42.6-kDa TWI3 protease was characterized as alkaline metallo-protease and stable up to 60 °C and pH 10. Ca(2+), Mn(2+), and Mg(2+) ions activated the protease, while Hg(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+)...

Poster Presentations lignocellulolytic enzymes in Coprinopsis cinerea, of which the genome harbor... more Poster Presentations lignocellulolytic enzymes in Coprinopsis cinerea, of which the genome harbors high number of Auxiliary Activities enzymes.