Ron Worthington | Southern Illinois University Edwardsville (original) (raw)
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Papers by Ron Worthington
Thrombosis Research, 2010
Introduction: We have previously defined aspirin resistance detected by TEG PlateletMapping using... more Introduction: We have previously defined aspirin resistance detected by TEG PlateletMapping using arachidonic acid (AA). This aspirin resistance is observed as platelet activation (N 20%) by AA in whole blood, even though the isolated platelets are inhibited by aspirin. This platelet activation in whole blood is due to a transcellular pathway mediated by platelets and leukocytes. Methods: To determine if this PlateletMapping assay of aspirin resistance on pre-procedure blood samples correlated with an in vivo response we assayed the first voided urine samples collected 2-8 hours post interventional cardiology procedures for 11-dehydro thromboxane B2. Results and Conclusions: We detected 27 aspirin resistant patients out of a total of 81 (33%), in agreement with our previous study. All of these patients were on aspirin therapy, confirmed by a b 20% aggregation response to AA by light transmission platelet aggregometry using isolated platelet rich plasma. Aspirin resistant patients urine samples (14 out of a total of 60 patients analyzed) contained significantly (P=0.008) higher 11-dehydro thromboxane B2 levels than the other 46 aspirin sensitive patients urine samples. Since our previous study implicated 12-and 15-lipoxygenases in this pathway, we also assayed for polymorphisms to determine any correlation with aspirin resistance. A correlation was found in a polymorphism affecting the lipoxygenase domain of platelet 12-lipoxygenase. This result indicates that aspirin resistance detected in whole blood by the TEG PlateletMapping assay correlates with a physiological consequence in terms of thromboxane formation. This is the first report of such a correlation.
Creative Education, 2013
A student survey was conducted to determine perceptions of such things as differential treatment ... more A student survey was conducted to determine perceptions of such things as differential treatment due to gender, level of preparedness for courses in the hard sciences, and gender performances of students in the sciences. Additionally, students' grades of sixteen courses with a heavy hard science focus were analyzed by taking the percent of a letter grade sorted by male or female to determine if there was a significant gender difference in the final grades. Our objectives were to: 1) determine if the underrepresentation of women in some health-related jobs is due to discouragement of females to enter these professions or perceptions of success in hard science courses, 2) examine grades in courses with a strong biology and chemistry focus to see if a significant difference due to gender exists. We concluded that a gender gap in hard sciences grades at the School of Pharmacy did exist but the gap was not large and was not present in all courses. The majority of women were not discouraged to pursue a science based career, but there was a difference in the perceived confidence that many females exhibit in the ability to learn material in the hard science courses and in their preparedness for hard science exams.
viii, 120 hal: ill; ind, 28 c
MOSBY'S SYSTEMS ATLAS OF HUMAN ANATOMY is the first anatomical atlas produced using volume re... more MOSBY'S SYSTEMS ATLAS OF HUMAN ANATOMY is the first anatomical atlas produced using volume renderings of digital data. The "Visible Human" dataset from the National Library of Medicine contains digitally photographed cross-section images which EAI has reconstructed in three dimensions. Illumination, shading, and rotation were then applied to provide photorealistic images of human anatomy. Each system of the body is featured in its own chapter beginning with a global view of the featured system in the context of the full skeleton. The remaining portion of the chapter is dedicated to views of individual structures and organs.
Male and female infertility are clinically managed and classified as distinct diseases, and relat... more Male and female infertility are clinically managed and classified as distinct diseases, and relatively little is known about mechanisms of gonadal function common to both sexes. We used genome-wide genetic analysis on 74,896 women and men to find rare genetic variants that modulate gonadal function in both sexes. This uncovered an association with variants disrupting CSMD1 , a complement regulatory protein located on 8p23, in a genomic region with an exceptional evolution. We found that Csmd1 knockout mice display a diverse array of gonadal defects in both sexes, and in females, impaired mammary gland development that leads to increased offspring mortality. The complement pathway is significantly disrupted in Csmd1 mice, and further disruption of the complement pathway from joint inactivation of C3 leads to more extreme reproductive defects. Our results can explain a novel human genetic association with infertility and implicate the complement system in the normal development of pos...
Semin Thromb Hemostasis, 1995
Current Opinion in Immunology, Feb 29, 1992
Cancer Research, Jul 1, 1986
CBA/N (xiiT) mice failed to develop erythroleukemia when inoculated with an NB-tropic, anemia-cau... more CBA/N (xiiT) mice failed to develop erythroleukemia when inoculated with an NB-tropic, anemia-causing Friend virus stock (FVA), while Fv-2" mouse strains succumbed rapidly to the characteristic Friend disease, even after a virus dose 30-fold lower than that given to CBA/N mice. Immunization with bacterial antigens or with spleen cell allografts prior to FVA inoculation rendered CBA/N mice highly susceptible to FVA. Transplantation studies confirmed that non-immunized CBA/N mice were able to both support erythroleukemic cells and permit erythroleukemic transformation, thus arguing against host defense mechanisms as a cause of resistance. On the basis of early erythroid progenitor cell sensitivity to hydroxyurea in vico, the CBA/N strain appeared to have the FVA sensitive genotype (Fv-2"). These results imply that CBA/N mice are not intrinsically resistant to FVA and that an as yet unknown type of immunological activity, evoked both by various immunizations and allogeneic transplantation, is required for Friend leukemogenesis in this immunodeficient inbred strain. These findings further suggest that the erythroid target cells transformed by Friend viruses are influenced by immunological activity.
Compositions and methods for protection against bacterial contamination are disclosed Antibacteri... more Compositions and methods for protection against bacterial contamination are disclosed Antibacterial proteins and methods of use thereof are also disclosed.
Prostaglandins, 1982
This study examines the question of whether the aspirin-induced delay in the recovery of platelet... more This study examines the question of whether the aspirin-induced delay in the recovery of platelet cyclooxygenase pathway activity, as measured by RIA of thromboxane B2, results from a direct effect on megakaryocyte cycloxygenase. From our measurement of recovery of TXB2 and information on megakaryocyte transit time in rats, we propose that thromboxane synthesis may represent a relatively late step in the differentiation of megakaryocytes. Megakaryocyte thromboxane production was depressed by 70% and that of platelets by 85% at two hr after 20 mg/kg oral aspirin dissolved in DMSO. Full megakaryocyte thromboxane recovery occurred by 72 hr and preceded complete platelet thromboxane recovery by 24 hr. Whereas megakaryocyte thromboxane synthesis showed substantial recovery by 36 hr after aspirin, platelet recovery did not begin for 24 hr and achieved a maximal recovery rate over the following 12 hr. This finding is consistent with predictions based upon human data for both megakaryocyte ...
Blood, 1981
A systematic approach to the optimization of centrifugal elutriation is described for the purific... more A systematic approach to the optimization of centrifugal elutriation is described for the purification of rat femoral marrow megakaryocytes, which has permitted the first direct demonstration of thromboxane synthesis in these cells. The rapidity, simplicity, and capacity of this technique has made it possible to process 2 x 10(9) marrow cells in the absence of platelet aggregation inhibitors in 20 min to obtain 10(6) megakaryocytes at a recovery of about 80% with a concentration of up to 282-fold. Incubation of these isolated megakaryocytes with 14C-arachidonic acid and subsequent thin-layer radiochromatography has revealed thromboxane B2 as the major cyclooxygenase pathway metabolite of arachidonic acid in megakaryocytes.
Experimental hematology, 1987
We have developed a new colorimetric method to detect early erythroid clonogenic progenitor cells... more We have developed a new colorimetric method to detect early erythroid clonogenic progenitor cells by virtue of their hemoglobin-containing progeny in vitro. The method relies upon the specific oxidation of 2,7-diaminofluorene (DAF) by the pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin (Hb). Generation of fluorene blue (FB), the chromophore generated upon oxidation of DAF, was a linear function of Hb and erythrocyte concentration. Measurement of FB absorbance at 610 nm was 80 times more sensitive than measurement of Hb absorbance at 530 nm. The limit of resolution was approximately 8 pmol of Hb corresponding to the Hb content of approximately 5000 murine peripheral blood erythrocytes. FB concentration closely paralleled eight-day BFU-E colony formation as a function of erythropoietin dose. However, the method was unable to detect a response for CFU-E to erythropoietin because of persistently high background levels of Hb in two-day cultures. Generation of FB by cells likely to contain myelop...
Cancer research, 1986
CBA/N (xid-) mice failed to develop erythroleukemia when inoculated with an NB-tropic, anemia-cau... more CBA/N (xid-) mice failed to develop erythroleukemia when inoculated with an NB-tropic, anemia-causing Friend virus stock (FVA), while Fv-2ss mouse strains succumbed rapidly to the characteristic Friend disease, even after a virus dose 30-fold lower than that given to CBA/N mice. Immunization with bacterial antigens or with spleen cell allografts prior to FVA inoculation rendered CBA/N mice highly susceptible to FVA. Transplantation studies confirmed that non-immunized CBA/N mice were able to both support erythroleukemic cells and permit erythroleukemic transformation, thus arguing against host defense mechanisms as a cause of resistance. On the basis of early erythroid progenitor cell sensitivity to hydroxyurea in vivo, the CBA/N strain appeared to have the FVA sensitive genotype (Fv-2ss). These results imply that CBA/N mice are not intrinsically resistant to FVA and that an as yet unknown type of immunological activity, evoked both by various immunizations and allogeneic transplant...
Thrombosis Research, 2010
Introduction: We have previously defined aspirin resistance detected by TEG PlateletMapping using... more Introduction: We have previously defined aspirin resistance detected by TEG PlateletMapping using arachidonic acid (AA). This aspirin resistance is observed as platelet activation (N 20%) by AA in whole blood, even though the isolated platelets are inhibited by aspirin. This platelet activation in whole blood is due to a transcellular pathway mediated by platelets and leukocytes. Methods: To determine if this PlateletMapping assay of aspirin resistance on pre-procedure blood samples correlated with an in vivo response we assayed the first voided urine samples collected 2-8 hours post interventional cardiology procedures for 11-dehydro thromboxane B2. Results and Conclusions: We detected 27 aspirin resistant patients out of a total of 81 (33%), in agreement with our previous study. All of these patients were on aspirin therapy, confirmed by a b 20% aggregation response to AA by light transmission platelet aggregometry using isolated platelet rich plasma. Aspirin resistant patients urine samples (14 out of a total of 60 patients analyzed) contained significantly (P=0.008) higher 11-dehydro thromboxane B2 levels than the other 46 aspirin sensitive patients urine samples. Since our previous study implicated 12-and 15-lipoxygenases in this pathway, we also assayed for polymorphisms to determine any correlation with aspirin resistance. A correlation was found in a polymorphism affecting the lipoxygenase domain of platelet 12-lipoxygenase. This result indicates that aspirin resistance detected in whole blood by the TEG PlateletMapping assay correlates with a physiological consequence in terms of thromboxane formation. This is the first report of such a correlation.
Creative Education, 2013
A student survey was conducted to determine perceptions of such things as differential treatment ... more A student survey was conducted to determine perceptions of such things as differential treatment due to gender, level of preparedness for courses in the hard sciences, and gender performances of students in the sciences. Additionally, students' grades of sixteen courses with a heavy hard science focus were analyzed by taking the percent of a letter grade sorted by male or female to determine if there was a significant gender difference in the final grades. Our objectives were to: 1) determine if the underrepresentation of women in some health-related jobs is due to discouragement of females to enter these professions or perceptions of success in hard science courses, 2) examine grades in courses with a strong biology and chemistry focus to see if a significant difference due to gender exists. We concluded that a gender gap in hard sciences grades at the School of Pharmacy did exist but the gap was not large and was not present in all courses. The majority of women were not discouraged to pursue a science based career, but there was a difference in the perceived confidence that many females exhibit in the ability to learn material in the hard science courses and in their preparedness for hard science exams.
viii, 120 hal: ill; ind, 28 c
MOSBY'S SYSTEMS ATLAS OF HUMAN ANATOMY is the first anatomical atlas produced using volume re... more MOSBY'S SYSTEMS ATLAS OF HUMAN ANATOMY is the first anatomical atlas produced using volume renderings of digital data. The "Visible Human" dataset from the National Library of Medicine contains digitally photographed cross-section images which EAI has reconstructed in three dimensions. Illumination, shading, and rotation were then applied to provide photorealistic images of human anatomy. Each system of the body is featured in its own chapter beginning with a global view of the featured system in the context of the full skeleton. The remaining portion of the chapter is dedicated to views of individual structures and organs.
Male and female infertility are clinically managed and classified as distinct diseases, and relat... more Male and female infertility are clinically managed and classified as distinct diseases, and relatively little is known about mechanisms of gonadal function common to both sexes. We used genome-wide genetic analysis on 74,896 women and men to find rare genetic variants that modulate gonadal function in both sexes. This uncovered an association with variants disrupting CSMD1 , a complement regulatory protein located on 8p23, in a genomic region with an exceptional evolution. We found that Csmd1 knockout mice display a diverse array of gonadal defects in both sexes, and in females, impaired mammary gland development that leads to increased offspring mortality. The complement pathway is significantly disrupted in Csmd1 mice, and further disruption of the complement pathway from joint inactivation of C3 leads to more extreme reproductive defects. Our results can explain a novel human genetic association with infertility and implicate the complement system in the normal development of pos...
Semin Thromb Hemostasis, 1995
Current Opinion in Immunology, Feb 29, 1992
Cancer Research, Jul 1, 1986
CBA/N (xiiT) mice failed to develop erythroleukemia when inoculated with an NB-tropic, anemia-cau... more CBA/N (xiiT) mice failed to develop erythroleukemia when inoculated with an NB-tropic, anemia-causing Friend virus stock (FVA), while Fv-2" mouse strains succumbed rapidly to the characteristic Friend disease, even after a virus dose 30-fold lower than that given to CBA/N mice. Immunization with bacterial antigens or with spleen cell allografts prior to FVA inoculation rendered CBA/N mice highly susceptible to FVA. Transplantation studies confirmed that non-immunized CBA/N mice were able to both support erythroleukemic cells and permit erythroleukemic transformation, thus arguing against host defense mechanisms as a cause of resistance. On the basis of early erythroid progenitor cell sensitivity to hydroxyurea in vico, the CBA/N strain appeared to have the FVA sensitive genotype (Fv-2"). These results imply that CBA/N mice are not intrinsically resistant to FVA and that an as yet unknown type of immunological activity, evoked both by various immunizations and allogeneic transplantation, is required for Friend leukemogenesis in this immunodeficient inbred strain. These findings further suggest that the erythroid target cells transformed by Friend viruses are influenced by immunological activity.
Compositions and methods for protection against bacterial contamination are disclosed Antibacteri... more Compositions and methods for protection against bacterial contamination are disclosed Antibacterial proteins and methods of use thereof are also disclosed.
Prostaglandins, 1982
This study examines the question of whether the aspirin-induced delay in the recovery of platelet... more This study examines the question of whether the aspirin-induced delay in the recovery of platelet cyclooxygenase pathway activity, as measured by RIA of thromboxane B2, results from a direct effect on megakaryocyte cycloxygenase. From our measurement of recovery of TXB2 and information on megakaryocyte transit time in rats, we propose that thromboxane synthesis may represent a relatively late step in the differentiation of megakaryocytes. Megakaryocyte thromboxane production was depressed by 70% and that of platelets by 85% at two hr after 20 mg/kg oral aspirin dissolved in DMSO. Full megakaryocyte thromboxane recovery occurred by 72 hr and preceded complete platelet thromboxane recovery by 24 hr. Whereas megakaryocyte thromboxane synthesis showed substantial recovery by 36 hr after aspirin, platelet recovery did not begin for 24 hr and achieved a maximal recovery rate over the following 12 hr. This finding is consistent with predictions based upon human data for both megakaryocyte ...
Blood, 1981
A systematic approach to the optimization of centrifugal elutriation is described for the purific... more A systematic approach to the optimization of centrifugal elutriation is described for the purification of rat femoral marrow megakaryocytes, which has permitted the first direct demonstration of thromboxane synthesis in these cells. The rapidity, simplicity, and capacity of this technique has made it possible to process 2 x 10(9) marrow cells in the absence of platelet aggregation inhibitors in 20 min to obtain 10(6) megakaryocytes at a recovery of about 80% with a concentration of up to 282-fold. Incubation of these isolated megakaryocytes with 14C-arachidonic acid and subsequent thin-layer radiochromatography has revealed thromboxane B2 as the major cyclooxygenase pathway metabolite of arachidonic acid in megakaryocytes.
Experimental hematology, 1987
We have developed a new colorimetric method to detect early erythroid clonogenic progenitor cells... more We have developed a new colorimetric method to detect early erythroid clonogenic progenitor cells by virtue of their hemoglobin-containing progeny in vitro. The method relies upon the specific oxidation of 2,7-diaminofluorene (DAF) by the pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin (Hb). Generation of fluorene blue (FB), the chromophore generated upon oxidation of DAF, was a linear function of Hb and erythrocyte concentration. Measurement of FB absorbance at 610 nm was 80 times more sensitive than measurement of Hb absorbance at 530 nm. The limit of resolution was approximately 8 pmol of Hb corresponding to the Hb content of approximately 5000 murine peripheral blood erythrocytes. FB concentration closely paralleled eight-day BFU-E colony formation as a function of erythropoietin dose. However, the method was unable to detect a response for CFU-E to erythropoietin because of persistently high background levels of Hb in two-day cultures. Generation of FB by cells likely to contain myelop...
Cancer research, 1986
CBA/N (xid-) mice failed to develop erythroleukemia when inoculated with an NB-tropic, anemia-cau... more CBA/N (xid-) mice failed to develop erythroleukemia when inoculated with an NB-tropic, anemia-causing Friend virus stock (FVA), while Fv-2ss mouse strains succumbed rapidly to the characteristic Friend disease, even after a virus dose 30-fold lower than that given to CBA/N mice. Immunization with bacterial antigens or with spleen cell allografts prior to FVA inoculation rendered CBA/N mice highly susceptible to FVA. Transplantation studies confirmed that non-immunized CBA/N mice were able to both support erythroleukemic cells and permit erythroleukemic transformation, thus arguing against host defense mechanisms as a cause of resistance. On the basis of early erythroid progenitor cell sensitivity to hydroxyurea in vivo, the CBA/N strain appeared to have the FVA sensitive genotype (Fv-2ss). These results imply that CBA/N mice are not intrinsically resistant to FVA and that an as yet unknown type of immunological activity, evoked both by various immunizations and allogeneic transplant...