Clément Fortin | Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (original) (raw)
Papers by Clément Fortin
DS 103: Proceedings of the 22nd International DSM Conference (DSM 2020), MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, October 13th - 15th 2020
DSMs and related matrices are commonly used to represent system interfaces, which is closely asso... more DSMs and related matrices are commonly used to represent system interfaces, which is closely associated with a need to decompose systems into their elements. However, besides the importance of managing the decomposed elements of systems, the systems engineer should also possess a capability to manage other systems' relationships. In this paper we are focusing on the DSM capability to represent three fundamental system entities and four structural relationships, as they are defined in the Object-Process Methodology. We argue that DSM is an appropriate tool to facilitate a systematic approach to digital transformation of objects and processes through the different stages of the design process. We use a coffee maker as a case study demonstrating how each entity flows from an abstract environment to a more detailed one following specific structural relationships.
Product Lifecycle Management. Green and Blue Technologies to Support Smart and Sustainable Organizations, 2022
Proceedings of the First International Conference on Computer Supported Education, 2009
A syllabus forms the structure of a course (or program) offering and is used to assemble its cons... more A syllabus forms the structure of a course (or program) offering and is used to assemble its constituents. Course websites and LMS's, also contain similar information, and in some sense, are quite similar to course outlines or syllabi, and replicate some of the information that can also be found in administrative websites of universities. From a system perspective, this duplication and dispersion of information can be a source of confusion and hinder the setup of an integrated workflow approach to manage all the course information for visualisation or reporting purposes. Course outlines or syllabi, whatever the support used for distribution, are essentially "paper" documents that are most often created using word processors or limited web forms in course management systems. Currently, there is no accepted standard format for representing syllabi that could facilitate automatic production or processing of their contents. In this paper, we present a model for a specialized tool to create, edit and publish course syllabi that can be used alongside LMS's and other administrative environments. The proposed prototype is based on XML to semantically tag the set of detailed elements of the CDIO Syllabus towards a complete and consistent implementation of an electronic syllabus. The objective is to cast the programs and course outlines into a schema, including both contents and learning outcomes, that allows the incorporation of the formulation and mechanisms for verification that the goals are fulfilled.
This paper reviews the information available on specifics of the design decision-making process f... more This paper reviews the information available on specifics of the design decision-making process for the case of disruptive technological innovations associated with new products and systems. It defines the term “disruptive technological innovation,” provides with the explanation of decision-making methodology peculiarities for this type of innovation, and describes currently existing techniques and tools to support design decision making in case of disruptive technological innovations. The current paper relates to decision making in systems engineering and design, and therefore deals with the design decision making. The terms “disruptive technologies” and “disruptive innovations” appeared at the end of the 1990s. Researchers frequently mention disruptive innovations and technologies in the description of technical products for different industries: aircraft, automotive, food, petroleum, etc. A disruptive technological innovation is defined as a combination of disruptive technology and disruptive innovation. A new product can be relatively a simple device like an unmanned aerial vehicle and a smartphone, or a complex system like a modern aerospace vehicle or a space information network. Being an innovative developed product, it possesses peculiarities influencing the product development phase of the product lifecycle design decision-making process and accompanying supporting techniques and tools. This review investigates the specifics of design decision making of disruptive technologically innovative products that influence different stages of the product development phase in their product lifecycles. The paper combines aspects of systems engineering with innovation theory, key elements of the design of complex systems, and highlights the product development phase of the product lifecycle design decision-making process.
This paper presents a rationale for learner outcome assessment and an overview of the methods, in... more This paper presents a rationale for learner outcome assessment and an overview of the methods, instruments, and issues that instructors should consider when they design and use assessment of student CDIO skills. It argues the majority of actual assessment practices should be revised to satisfy learner needs, and to improve student learning and performance. To increase their performance, students need educative assessment, which has at least two essential qualities: firstly it is anchored in authentic tasks; secondly it provides students and teachers with feedback and opportunities they can readily use to revise their performance on these or similar tasks (Wiggins, 1998). This is known as authentic assessment and is intended as a richer and more stimulating method for assessing student learning. It provides students with complex and real world situations to be solved. Authentic assessment requires students to act upon open-ended situations like a professional, by mobilizing their kno...
Technological innovation happens on a daily basis all around us. Yet, in our educational programs... more Technological innovation happens on a daily basis all around us. Yet, in our educational programs there is rarely any attention paid to what this is and how this unfolds over time in real life. This is not at all surprising, since there is not one unified and widely accepted body of knowledge on technological innovation that is grounded enough, meaning, knowledge based on research of technological innovation practice. The CDIO-framework is implicitly addressing innovation from the perspective of existing technological knowledge and therefore is not yet equipped enough for the purpose of tech-innovation. This paper therefore aims to initiate a discussion on what technological innovation is and how this could fit within the CDIO-framework. We will provide a definition of technological innovation based on innovation theoretical framework which reaches its readiness when practice is able to apply the new technology to design, engineer, build, maintain and dispose the objects that apply ...
Proceedings of the Design Society, 2021
Understanding emergence is an important goal of system thinking, as it can express both desirable... more Understanding emergence is an important goal of system thinking, as it can express both desirable and negative properties of products and systems. Emergence has also a special importance as it has a direct link to the performance of products and systems, and thus has a direct relationship with the quality of life and thus sustainability in our societies. Emergence and system thinking are closely related to engineering design methodologies. In our paper, we develop a more precise definition of emergence through the core principles of systems complementarity that are similarity, irreducibility and sophisticated relationships expressed through the interfaces between systems, subsystems or product components.We demonstrate the utility of the approach based on an aircraft pylon case study by presenting a detailed definition of an interface design matrix and analyse how pylon subsystems influence emergence. The results have shown that the product can be perfectly represented by a model-ba...
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 2019
Both startups and traditional space industry are exploring new business opportunities and new eng... more Both startups and traditional space industry are exploring new business opportunities and new engineering approaches in what is becoming known now as New Space.
Design Science, 2020
Set-based design (SBD), sometimes referred to as set-based concurrent engineering (SBCE), has eme... more Set-based design (SBD), sometimes referred to as set-based concurrent engineering (SBCE), has emerged as an important component of lean product development (LPD) with all researchers describing it as a core enabler of LPD. Research has explored the principles underlying LPD and SBCE, but methodologies for the practical implementation need to be better understood. A review of SBD is performed in this article in order to discover and analyse the key aspects to consider when developing a model and methodology to transition to SBCE. The publications are classified according to a new framework, which allows us to map the topology of the relevant SBD literature from two perspectives: the research paradigms and the coverage of the generic creative design process (Formulation–Synthesis–Analysis–Evaluation–Documentation–Reformulation). It is found that SBD has a relatively low theoretical development, but there is a steady increase in the diversity of contributions. The literature abounds wi...
Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA), 2010
In Canada, engineering programs will soon have to show that: i. graduates possess specific attrib... more In Canada, engineering programs will soon have to show that: i. graduates possess specific attributes, ii. outcomes are assessed in their context, iii. results are used to improve the program. This paper presents a model to meet all three criteria, and provides curriculum control options to fulfil CEAB conditions. It defines proficiency levels and information flow, from stakeholders’ surveys to the fusion of data. Control modules, pre-graduation work experience and post-graduation reviews gather internal and external observations. Coverage of the CEAB attributes by the CDIO Syllabus is summarised. Its utility for meeting objectives about the 12 attributes is clarified. An XML tool upholds coherence between learning objectives and targeted proficiency levels. More than merely instructive, this model displays the characteristics of a convincing demonstration for the CEAB.
Geometric Design Tolerancing: Theories, Standards and Applications, 1998
Over the last decade Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) has gone from black art to... more Over the last decade Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) has gone from black art to the forefront of computer aided design research. Despite a prominent position in industrial and academic research, GD&T is seldom taught at university level. This paper offers a glimpse at two of those courses, and compares the pedagogy adopted to introduce the fundamental concepts. The conventional approach taken to tolerance education at the Ecole Polytechnique of Montreal is integrated through the curriculum in a two course sequence, respectively as required sophomore and elective senior courses. An elective senior design course at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute introduces GD&T by way of reverse engineering of existing mechanical systems. Both approaches are presented and a comparison is drawn from the point of view of course contents and integration within a Mechanical Engineering curriculum. To illustrate the two different approaches, concrete examples taken from the course contents are included.
Volume 4: 18th Design for Manufacturing and the Life Cycle Conference; 2013 ASME/IEEE International Conference on Mechatronic and Embedded Systems and Applications, 2013
Global collaboration is now a key for enterprises to rapidly achieve their worldwide successes. D... more Global collaboration is now a key for enterprises to rapidly achieve their worldwide successes. During the rapid expansion of their business, many challenges are emerging, e.g., novice training, knowledge transferring, intellectual property (IP) protection. This paper presented an effective approach for gaining new knowledge in a design project through reverse engineering by using Environment Based Design (EBD) methodology. The case study used in this paper was designed to demonstrate how design knowledge can be assimilated by using the proposed approach. A graduate student, without any aerospace design knowledge and experience, was presented with a sentence extracted from a statement of work of a student capstone project in the aerospace engineering department of École Polytechnique de Montréal. Within a month, the graduate student designer was able to deliver a conceptual design solution including product life cycle analysis, with only public resources at his disposal. The results...
Vehicle System Dynamics, 1983
International Journal of Production Research, 2002
ABSTRACT The position invariant geometric inaccuracies of a machine tool are the first to influen... more ABSTRACT The position invariant geometric inaccuracies of a machine tool are the first to influence the quality of machined parts. A systematic approach is presented to identify some of these errors on a five-axis machine tool. The methodology is applied to the link error parameters such as joint misalignments, angular offset and rotary axis separation distance. A method based on the mathematical analysis of singularities of linear systems is used to assist in selecting a minimal but sufficient set of link error parameters for the calibration of a machine tool. A number of criteria are proposed in order to verify that the identified parameters accurately predict the positioning errors of the true machine. Finally, the numerical effectiveness of this method is shown through simulations.
Computers in Industry, 2012
In order to reduce cost and improve flexibility, outsourcing components and services to partners ... more In order to reduce cost and improve flexibility, outsourcing components and services to partners is a popular supply chain strategy in many manufacturing industries, such as aircraft, automobile, telecommunication, or information technologies. In times of recession and market instability, outsourcing makes short term sense and even if unpopular in the public eye, it is perceived as a strategic survival decision during difficult economic times. Nonetheless, it also has long term benefits for product manufacturers who are able to tap in their global supply chain to obtain a distinct marketing edge through efficient knowledge sharing [1]. Within this context, the protection of intellectual property (IP) is a critical challenge faced during the outsourcing process. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) [2] gave the definition of intellectual property as ''inventions, literary and artistic work, symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce.'' IP contains two categories [2]: industrial property and copyright, both of which can be represented through intangible proprietary information. In our context, for simplicity, IP refers to the confidential information (data, parameter, process, etc.) of industrial design and manufacturing. Therefore, our main objective of IP protection is to prevent confidential information leakage in supply chain outsourcing activities. The nature of information leakage can be categorized as explicit or implicit leakage [3]. Explicit leakage means that confidential information has been mistakenly shared through the supply chain's information channels. Implicit leakage refers to information that has been leaked by inferences, conclusions or deductions from reasoning over evidence rather than explicit information. This inference is mainly due to the different inherent engineering relationships and interactions (e.g. physical, mechanical, electrical, etc.) between product components. To the best knowledge of authors, most of the existing literature focuses on explicit leakage, which aims to propose legal, organizational, social, technical methods to prevent direct information leakage. Recently, Zeng and Wang's Labs have reported on how implicit information leakage happens and how to mitigate the risk of leakage [3-7]. Based on these findings, this paper focuses more specifically on the methodological steps and tools to mitigate confidential information leakage by inference. Zeng and Wang proposed a conceptual process model to formalize collaborative design and supply chain environment using Environment-Based Design (EBD) theory [8], which is derived step by step from a natural language description of product development activities. Within this context, the existing strategies to information leakage by inferences mitigation were summarized into three categories: generalization [9], minimum privacy context-based [10], and decomposition and allocation [5]. However, both the first and the second method have been found to be insufficient as they are based
The increasing needs of high quality products, leads industrial to improve the tolerancing of the... more The increasing needs of high quality products, leads industrial to improve the tolerancing of their products. Indeed, it is necessary to calculate, the more precisely possible, every tolerance to achieve functional need and to take in account effects of the manujacturing and the result of the final assembly. The algebraic method that we are proposing can help the tolerance analysis and synthesis, and tolerance transfer. It is a continuation of works developed by professor Clement Fortin and Louis Rivest. Our method permits to determine algebraically if a tolerance can be transferred, and what will be its form after transfer. This result is obtained from a second degree equation. The study of this equation permits to determine whether the transfer is possible or not.
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 2012
A prototype results from the need to verify various qualities of the product at different stages ... more A prototype results from the need to verify various qualities of the product at different stages of its development. In set-based design, multiplying prototypes is particularly critical to enable a broad exploration of the design space before committing to a solution. The exploration targets the choice of the best of all viable concepts on one hand but on the other hand also focuses on documenting them to better orient the search during the next attempts. This ultimately contributes to gradually improving the company's engineering knowledge. According to current aerospace industry practices and considering the set based development paradigm in Lean thinking, an approach to handle multiple prototypes information with Digital Mock-Up (DMU) technologies is forwarded in this paper. This approach postulates that prototyping and testing activities may be supported by a Manufacturing Process Management (MPM) solution with a special use of three key functionalities, namely: Product Data Management (PDM) and MPM instantiation, MPM links, and Configuration Management (CM). These aspects are essential when handling multiple prototyping sets along with their test results.
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 2019
This work builds upon a previous proposal for the use of the extended SAPPhIRE model of causality... more This work builds upon a previous proposal for the use of the extended SAPPhIRE model of causality as a foundation for a PLM system, and more specifically the management of design data at the conceptual design phase. During the conceptual design phase, the product definition is in a state of flux as multiple iterations and options are considered until a suitable baseline design is developed. The role of PLM systems is to manage the people, processes and products involved in developing and sustaining a product in order to increase stakeholder satisfaction and product quality while reducing lifecycle costs. At the conceptual design stage, a balance must be struck between the freedom to iterate and the need to control the design process and capture relevant data.
CDIO programs foster active learning and project based courses, which are key for the learning of... more CDIO programs foster active learning and project based courses, which are key for the learning of disciplinary knowledge, design skills and also provide opportunities to improve students’ personal and inter-personal skills in an information rich environment. Workspaces that can support this type of hands-on learning are fundamental, and one of the twelve CDIO standards therefore recommends that participating institutions provide workspaces that are studentcentered, user-friendly, accessible, and interactive. Workspaces have been developed in many universities worldwide and particularly within institutions collaborating within the CDIO initiative. This paper focuses first on a brief description and comparison of three innovative Multimodal Learning Environments (MLE) in North America, implemented at institutions that are collaborating within the CDIO initiative. These initiatives are the Integrated Teaching and Learning Laboratory (ITLL) at University of Colorado in Boulder (USA), th...
DS 103: Proceedings of the 22nd International DSM Conference (DSM 2020), MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, October 13th - 15th 2020
DSMs and related matrices are commonly used to represent system interfaces, which is closely asso... more DSMs and related matrices are commonly used to represent system interfaces, which is closely associated with a need to decompose systems into their elements. However, besides the importance of managing the decomposed elements of systems, the systems engineer should also possess a capability to manage other systems' relationships. In this paper we are focusing on the DSM capability to represent three fundamental system entities and four structural relationships, as they are defined in the Object-Process Methodology. We argue that DSM is an appropriate tool to facilitate a systematic approach to digital transformation of objects and processes through the different stages of the design process. We use a coffee maker as a case study demonstrating how each entity flows from an abstract environment to a more detailed one following specific structural relationships.
Product Lifecycle Management. Green and Blue Technologies to Support Smart and Sustainable Organizations, 2022
Proceedings of the First International Conference on Computer Supported Education, 2009
A syllabus forms the structure of a course (or program) offering and is used to assemble its cons... more A syllabus forms the structure of a course (or program) offering and is used to assemble its constituents. Course websites and LMS's, also contain similar information, and in some sense, are quite similar to course outlines or syllabi, and replicate some of the information that can also be found in administrative websites of universities. From a system perspective, this duplication and dispersion of information can be a source of confusion and hinder the setup of an integrated workflow approach to manage all the course information for visualisation or reporting purposes. Course outlines or syllabi, whatever the support used for distribution, are essentially "paper" documents that are most often created using word processors or limited web forms in course management systems. Currently, there is no accepted standard format for representing syllabi that could facilitate automatic production or processing of their contents. In this paper, we present a model for a specialized tool to create, edit and publish course syllabi that can be used alongside LMS's and other administrative environments. The proposed prototype is based on XML to semantically tag the set of detailed elements of the CDIO Syllabus towards a complete and consistent implementation of an electronic syllabus. The objective is to cast the programs and course outlines into a schema, including both contents and learning outcomes, that allows the incorporation of the formulation and mechanisms for verification that the goals are fulfilled.
This paper reviews the information available on specifics of the design decision-making process f... more This paper reviews the information available on specifics of the design decision-making process for the case of disruptive technological innovations associated with new products and systems. It defines the term “disruptive technological innovation,” provides with the explanation of decision-making methodology peculiarities for this type of innovation, and describes currently existing techniques and tools to support design decision making in case of disruptive technological innovations. The current paper relates to decision making in systems engineering and design, and therefore deals with the design decision making. The terms “disruptive technologies” and “disruptive innovations” appeared at the end of the 1990s. Researchers frequently mention disruptive innovations and technologies in the description of technical products for different industries: aircraft, automotive, food, petroleum, etc. A disruptive technological innovation is defined as a combination of disruptive technology and disruptive innovation. A new product can be relatively a simple device like an unmanned aerial vehicle and a smartphone, or a complex system like a modern aerospace vehicle or a space information network. Being an innovative developed product, it possesses peculiarities influencing the product development phase of the product lifecycle design decision-making process and accompanying supporting techniques and tools. This review investigates the specifics of design decision making of disruptive technologically innovative products that influence different stages of the product development phase in their product lifecycles. The paper combines aspects of systems engineering with innovation theory, key elements of the design of complex systems, and highlights the product development phase of the product lifecycle design decision-making process.
This paper presents a rationale for learner outcome assessment and an overview of the methods, in... more This paper presents a rationale for learner outcome assessment and an overview of the methods, instruments, and issues that instructors should consider when they design and use assessment of student CDIO skills. It argues the majority of actual assessment practices should be revised to satisfy learner needs, and to improve student learning and performance. To increase their performance, students need educative assessment, which has at least two essential qualities: firstly it is anchored in authentic tasks; secondly it provides students and teachers with feedback and opportunities they can readily use to revise their performance on these or similar tasks (Wiggins, 1998). This is known as authentic assessment and is intended as a richer and more stimulating method for assessing student learning. It provides students with complex and real world situations to be solved. Authentic assessment requires students to act upon open-ended situations like a professional, by mobilizing their kno...
Technological innovation happens on a daily basis all around us. Yet, in our educational programs... more Technological innovation happens on a daily basis all around us. Yet, in our educational programs there is rarely any attention paid to what this is and how this unfolds over time in real life. This is not at all surprising, since there is not one unified and widely accepted body of knowledge on technological innovation that is grounded enough, meaning, knowledge based on research of technological innovation practice. The CDIO-framework is implicitly addressing innovation from the perspective of existing technological knowledge and therefore is not yet equipped enough for the purpose of tech-innovation. This paper therefore aims to initiate a discussion on what technological innovation is and how this could fit within the CDIO-framework. We will provide a definition of technological innovation based on innovation theoretical framework which reaches its readiness when practice is able to apply the new technology to design, engineer, build, maintain and dispose the objects that apply ...
Proceedings of the Design Society, 2021
Understanding emergence is an important goal of system thinking, as it can express both desirable... more Understanding emergence is an important goal of system thinking, as it can express both desirable and negative properties of products and systems. Emergence has also a special importance as it has a direct link to the performance of products and systems, and thus has a direct relationship with the quality of life and thus sustainability in our societies. Emergence and system thinking are closely related to engineering design methodologies. In our paper, we develop a more precise definition of emergence through the core principles of systems complementarity that are similarity, irreducibility and sophisticated relationships expressed through the interfaces between systems, subsystems or product components.We demonstrate the utility of the approach based on an aircraft pylon case study by presenting a detailed definition of an interface design matrix and analyse how pylon subsystems influence emergence. The results have shown that the product can be perfectly represented by a model-ba...
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 2019
Both startups and traditional space industry are exploring new business opportunities and new eng... more Both startups and traditional space industry are exploring new business opportunities and new engineering approaches in what is becoming known now as New Space.
Design Science, 2020
Set-based design (SBD), sometimes referred to as set-based concurrent engineering (SBCE), has eme... more Set-based design (SBD), sometimes referred to as set-based concurrent engineering (SBCE), has emerged as an important component of lean product development (LPD) with all researchers describing it as a core enabler of LPD. Research has explored the principles underlying LPD and SBCE, but methodologies for the practical implementation need to be better understood. A review of SBD is performed in this article in order to discover and analyse the key aspects to consider when developing a model and methodology to transition to SBCE. The publications are classified according to a new framework, which allows us to map the topology of the relevant SBD literature from two perspectives: the research paradigms and the coverage of the generic creative design process (Formulation–Synthesis–Analysis–Evaluation–Documentation–Reformulation). It is found that SBD has a relatively low theoretical development, but there is a steady increase in the diversity of contributions. The literature abounds wi...
Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA), 2010
In Canada, engineering programs will soon have to show that: i. graduates possess specific attrib... more In Canada, engineering programs will soon have to show that: i. graduates possess specific attributes, ii. outcomes are assessed in their context, iii. results are used to improve the program. This paper presents a model to meet all three criteria, and provides curriculum control options to fulfil CEAB conditions. It defines proficiency levels and information flow, from stakeholders’ surveys to the fusion of data. Control modules, pre-graduation work experience and post-graduation reviews gather internal and external observations. Coverage of the CEAB attributes by the CDIO Syllabus is summarised. Its utility for meeting objectives about the 12 attributes is clarified. An XML tool upholds coherence between learning objectives and targeted proficiency levels. More than merely instructive, this model displays the characteristics of a convincing demonstration for the CEAB.
Geometric Design Tolerancing: Theories, Standards and Applications, 1998
Over the last decade Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) has gone from black art to... more Over the last decade Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) has gone from black art to the forefront of computer aided design research. Despite a prominent position in industrial and academic research, GD&T is seldom taught at university level. This paper offers a glimpse at two of those courses, and compares the pedagogy adopted to introduce the fundamental concepts. The conventional approach taken to tolerance education at the Ecole Polytechnique of Montreal is integrated through the curriculum in a two course sequence, respectively as required sophomore and elective senior courses. An elective senior design course at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute introduces GD&T by way of reverse engineering of existing mechanical systems. Both approaches are presented and a comparison is drawn from the point of view of course contents and integration within a Mechanical Engineering curriculum. To illustrate the two different approaches, concrete examples taken from the course contents are included.
Volume 4: 18th Design for Manufacturing and the Life Cycle Conference; 2013 ASME/IEEE International Conference on Mechatronic and Embedded Systems and Applications, 2013
Global collaboration is now a key for enterprises to rapidly achieve their worldwide successes. D... more Global collaboration is now a key for enterprises to rapidly achieve their worldwide successes. During the rapid expansion of their business, many challenges are emerging, e.g., novice training, knowledge transferring, intellectual property (IP) protection. This paper presented an effective approach for gaining new knowledge in a design project through reverse engineering by using Environment Based Design (EBD) methodology. The case study used in this paper was designed to demonstrate how design knowledge can be assimilated by using the proposed approach. A graduate student, without any aerospace design knowledge and experience, was presented with a sentence extracted from a statement of work of a student capstone project in the aerospace engineering department of École Polytechnique de Montréal. Within a month, the graduate student designer was able to deliver a conceptual design solution including product life cycle analysis, with only public resources at his disposal. The results...
Vehicle System Dynamics, 1983
International Journal of Production Research, 2002
ABSTRACT The position invariant geometric inaccuracies of a machine tool are the first to influen... more ABSTRACT The position invariant geometric inaccuracies of a machine tool are the first to influence the quality of machined parts. A systematic approach is presented to identify some of these errors on a five-axis machine tool. The methodology is applied to the link error parameters such as joint misalignments, angular offset and rotary axis separation distance. A method based on the mathematical analysis of singularities of linear systems is used to assist in selecting a minimal but sufficient set of link error parameters for the calibration of a machine tool. A number of criteria are proposed in order to verify that the identified parameters accurately predict the positioning errors of the true machine. Finally, the numerical effectiveness of this method is shown through simulations.
Computers in Industry, 2012
In order to reduce cost and improve flexibility, outsourcing components and services to partners ... more In order to reduce cost and improve flexibility, outsourcing components and services to partners is a popular supply chain strategy in many manufacturing industries, such as aircraft, automobile, telecommunication, or information technologies. In times of recession and market instability, outsourcing makes short term sense and even if unpopular in the public eye, it is perceived as a strategic survival decision during difficult economic times. Nonetheless, it also has long term benefits for product manufacturers who are able to tap in their global supply chain to obtain a distinct marketing edge through efficient knowledge sharing [1]. Within this context, the protection of intellectual property (IP) is a critical challenge faced during the outsourcing process. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) [2] gave the definition of intellectual property as ''inventions, literary and artistic work, symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce.'' IP contains two categories [2]: industrial property and copyright, both of which can be represented through intangible proprietary information. In our context, for simplicity, IP refers to the confidential information (data, parameter, process, etc.) of industrial design and manufacturing. Therefore, our main objective of IP protection is to prevent confidential information leakage in supply chain outsourcing activities. The nature of information leakage can be categorized as explicit or implicit leakage [3]. Explicit leakage means that confidential information has been mistakenly shared through the supply chain's information channels. Implicit leakage refers to information that has been leaked by inferences, conclusions or deductions from reasoning over evidence rather than explicit information. This inference is mainly due to the different inherent engineering relationships and interactions (e.g. physical, mechanical, electrical, etc.) between product components. To the best knowledge of authors, most of the existing literature focuses on explicit leakage, which aims to propose legal, organizational, social, technical methods to prevent direct information leakage. Recently, Zeng and Wang's Labs have reported on how implicit information leakage happens and how to mitigate the risk of leakage [3-7]. Based on these findings, this paper focuses more specifically on the methodological steps and tools to mitigate confidential information leakage by inference. Zeng and Wang proposed a conceptual process model to formalize collaborative design and supply chain environment using Environment-Based Design (EBD) theory [8], which is derived step by step from a natural language description of product development activities. Within this context, the existing strategies to information leakage by inferences mitigation were summarized into three categories: generalization [9], minimum privacy context-based [10], and decomposition and allocation [5]. However, both the first and the second method have been found to be insufficient as they are based
The increasing needs of high quality products, leads industrial to improve the tolerancing of the... more The increasing needs of high quality products, leads industrial to improve the tolerancing of their products. Indeed, it is necessary to calculate, the more precisely possible, every tolerance to achieve functional need and to take in account effects of the manujacturing and the result of the final assembly. The algebraic method that we are proposing can help the tolerance analysis and synthesis, and tolerance transfer. It is a continuation of works developed by professor Clement Fortin and Louis Rivest. Our method permits to determine algebraically if a tolerance can be transferred, and what will be its form after transfer. This result is obtained from a second degree equation. The study of this equation permits to determine whether the transfer is possible or not.
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 2012
A prototype results from the need to verify various qualities of the product at different stages ... more A prototype results from the need to verify various qualities of the product at different stages of its development. In set-based design, multiplying prototypes is particularly critical to enable a broad exploration of the design space before committing to a solution. The exploration targets the choice of the best of all viable concepts on one hand but on the other hand also focuses on documenting them to better orient the search during the next attempts. This ultimately contributes to gradually improving the company's engineering knowledge. According to current aerospace industry practices and considering the set based development paradigm in Lean thinking, an approach to handle multiple prototypes information with Digital Mock-Up (DMU) technologies is forwarded in this paper. This approach postulates that prototyping and testing activities may be supported by a Manufacturing Process Management (MPM) solution with a special use of three key functionalities, namely: Product Data Management (PDM) and MPM instantiation, MPM links, and Configuration Management (CM). These aspects are essential when handling multiple prototyping sets along with their test results.
IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 2019
This work builds upon a previous proposal for the use of the extended SAPPhIRE model of causality... more This work builds upon a previous proposal for the use of the extended SAPPhIRE model of causality as a foundation for a PLM system, and more specifically the management of design data at the conceptual design phase. During the conceptual design phase, the product definition is in a state of flux as multiple iterations and options are considered until a suitable baseline design is developed. The role of PLM systems is to manage the people, processes and products involved in developing and sustaining a product in order to increase stakeholder satisfaction and product quality while reducing lifecycle costs. At the conceptual design stage, a balance must be struck between the freedom to iterate and the need to control the design process and capture relevant data.
CDIO programs foster active learning and project based courses, which are key for the learning of... more CDIO programs foster active learning and project based courses, which are key for the learning of disciplinary knowledge, design skills and also provide opportunities to improve students’ personal and inter-personal skills in an information rich environment. Workspaces that can support this type of hands-on learning are fundamental, and one of the twelve CDIO standards therefore recommends that participating institutions provide workspaces that are studentcentered, user-friendly, accessible, and interactive. Workspaces have been developed in many universities worldwide and particularly within institutions collaborating within the CDIO initiative. This paper focuses first on a brief description and comparison of three innovative Multimodal Learning Environments (MLE) in North America, implemented at institutions that are collaborating within the CDIO initiative. These initiatives are the Integrated Teaching and Learning Laboratory (ITLL) at University of Colorado in Boulder (USA), th...