Masood Saleem Mir | Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST) (original) (raw)

Papers by Masood Saleem Mir

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, Mar 1, 2018

Present study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated epidemiological factors of P... more Present study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated epidemiological factors of Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (Ascites) in commercial broiler chickens. Samples comprised of mortalities from various poultry farms operating in Srinagar, Ganderbal, and Budgam, Districts along with their adjoining areas during April 2014 to June 2015. The outbreaks suspected for Pulmonary hypertension syndrome in broiler chicken were identified on the basis of presence of ascites or right ventricular hypertrophy i.e. right ventricle vs total ventricular weight ratio >0.3. Case prevalence of uncomplicated and complicated PHS; and proportionate mortalities were worked out as a function of the total number of necropsies performed and PHS cases, respectively, for a given age group in a particular season, for a given age group, and for a given season. Effect of housing, biosecurity, commercial feed brands and chick strain was also investigated. The overall case prevalence of PHS was 8.70% with 71.71% uncomplicated and 28.29% complicated including concurrent colibacillosis (12.35%), IBD (14.99%) and coccidiosis (0.95%). Farm level incidence in the spring was 1.52 ± 0.216% (0.00-6.00%). Occurrence varied significantly between age groups and seasons but not with the commercial chick strains or feed brands. Poor ventilation and farm-level biosecurity were major epidemiological factors for diseases and PHS.

Healthcare

The present study evaluated the clinical presentation and outcome of COVID-19 patients with under... more The present study evaluated the clinical presentation and outcome of COVID-19 patients with underlying hypercreatinemia at the time of hospitalization. A retrospective observational study was conducted from the 23rd of March 2020 to the 15th of April 2021 in 1668 patients confirmed positive for COVID-19 in the Chest Disease Hospital in Srinagar, India. The results of the present study revealed that out of 1668 patients, 339 with hypercreatinemia had significantly higher rates of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), severe manifestations of the disease, need for mechanical ventilation, and all-cause mortality. Multivariable analysis revealed that age, elevated creatinine concentrations, IL-1, D-Dimer, and Hs-Crp were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality. After adjusted analysis, the association of creatinine levels remained strongly predictive of all-cause, in-hospital mortality (HR-5.34; CI-4.89–8.17; p ≤ 0.001). The amelioration of kidney function may be an eff...

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2019

Fowl typhoid is an acute septicemia disease of all ages of chickens. The disease is caused by Sal... more Fowl typhoid is an acute septicemia disease of all ages of chickens. The disease is caused by Salmonella gallinarum. The term LD50 is defined as the least dosage that should be expected to cause 50% of mortality in animals that received it. Several methods have been proposed for estimations of the LD50. Present study for estimation of LD50 of Salmonella gallinarum in poultry is based on moving average method. Five animals were dosed per infective doses (n = 5) and the following mortalities resulted: 1 of 5 at 0.5 ×10 9 , 2 of 5 at 1 ×10 9 ,2 of 5 at 2 ×10 9 , and 3 out of 5 at 4 ×10 9. So from above it can be postulated that ID50 of Salmonella gallinarum in day old poultry birds is 2.08×10 9 CFU. The determination of LD50 of each strain of Salmonella gallinarum is important for effective control and treatment of diseases caused by Salmonella.

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants, 2014

Pashmina, a specialty fibre, grows as an undercoat from the follicles of Pashmina goats. The numb... more Pashmina, a specialty fibre, grows as an undercoat from the follicles of Pashmina goats. The number and type of follicle constitute important determinants for quantity and quality of pashmina produced. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate the follicle characteristics of Changthangi goats of Ladakh region. Skin samples of young ( 1 year) Changthangi goats from different body regions viz.; abdomen, flank, neck, back and thorax were collected and preserved in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Primary and secondary follicles and S/P (secondary to primary) follicle ratio were determined for different regions of the body. The study revealed difference in the number of follicles and S/P ratio between different body regions. Age-wise comparison showed variation in the S/P ratio between young and adult goats. It was concluded that yield and quality of pashmina from Changthangi goats depend on the age as well as the area of the body from which pashmina is harvested. Evaluation of S/P ratio i...

The Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology, 2010

Thirty clinical cases of obstructive urolithiasis, 15 with intact urinary bladder and 15 with rup... more Thirty clinical cases of obstructive urolithiasis, 15 with intact urinary bladder and 15 with ruptured urinary bladder, were used to study the changes in peritoneal fluid cytology. The percentage of neutrophils was highly increased than the normal reference range reported for cattle with slight decrease in lymphocyte percentage. The value for neutrophil percent was almost similar in both intact and ruptured urinary bladder cases. The monocyte/mesothelial cells/macrophage percent, though increased than the normal reference range were identical in both the groups. There was a predominant decrease in eosinophil percentage with more decrease in intact urinary bladder cases. Polymorphonuclear-to-mononuclear cell ratio was same in both the groups, but higher than the normal reference value (1:1). Eosinophils ≤ 8% and neutrophil ≥ 30% could be established as a reference range of peritonitis in calves. Red blood corpuscles (RBCs) were totally absent in the peritoneal fluid samples obtained ...

Scientific Research and Essays, 2015

The present experimental work was conducted to elucidate the biochemical changes in broiler chick... more The present experimental work was conducted to elucidate the biochemical changes in broiler chicken after ziram intoxication. For the study, 150 apparently healthy broiler chicks were reared together up to 2 weeks of age and thereafter allocated randomly to four groups, that is, control (n=30), acute (n=10), subacute (n=20) and subchronic (n=90). Toxicity was induced following single oral dose of Ziram at 100 mg/kg body weight for acute intoxication, 5 mg/kg body weight per day for 20 days in case of subacute group and 1 mg/kg body weight per day for the study period of 90 days in case subchronic intoxication. The mean values of liver function test viz. serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and bilirubin in acute intoxicated birds at 24 h post intoxication, subacute and subchronic groups were significantly (p 0.05) effect was observed in the subacute group when compared ...

International Journal of Livestock Research, 2017

Prevalence of brucellosis was studied in unvaccinated Changra goats in their native breeding trac... more Prevalence of brucellosis was studied in unvaccinated Changra goats in their native breeding tract of Changthang in the Indian Trans-Himalayan area of Ladakh which represents the western extension of the Tibetan Plateau, an important highland grazing ecosystem. A total of 680 serum samples were collected from 8 different areas including Kharnak, Sumdho, Chushul, Mughlib and Kargyam in the traditional Changra rearing belt, and Digger, Turtuk and Stakna in non-traditional belt. Brucellosis was diagnosed using serological tests viz RBPT, STAT, Dot-ELISA and Plate-ELISA, and serum based PCR. Apparent prevalence was calculated and true prevalence worked out on the basis of sensitivity and specificity for each test. The flock-level prevalence of brucellosis was 80% to 100%. The overall apparent prevalence by

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017

The present study was carried out on ovines of four administrative blocks of Ganderbal i.e., Lar,... more The present study was carried out on ovines of four administrative blocks of Ganderbal i.e., Lar, Ganderbal, Wakura and Kangan from May 2016 to July 2017. A multi-stage simple random sampling technique was used to determine sample size. The total sample size as calculated turned out to be 223 sheep. Samples of blood in clot activator tubes were collected and serum was harvested. The Microagglutination test (MAT) was performed in 96-well U-shaped microplates. The overall prevalence of ovine brucellosis was 35.87%. Prevalence was non-significantly higher in females (37.82%) having 1.99 times greater odds than males (23.33%). Age-wise prevalence was significantly higher in sheep >2 years of age. The sheep aged >2 years had 2.35 times greater odds (80.6/34.21) of having a higher prevalence of brucellosis than sheep aged < 2 years. The results of this study suggest a high prevalence of ovine brucellosis in this region, whose economic effect has not been investigated till date.

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2018

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been thoroughly studied from different physiological contexts a... more Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been thoroughly studied from different physiological contexts and now there are strong evidences that they play an important role in cancer. They have a bimodal role in cancer wherein they can manipulate the local and systemic environment to aid in cancer growth and dissemination as well as program the immune system to elicit an anti-tumor response. The amount of information on their formation, nature of cargo contained within them and horizontal communication of different types of cancer EVs has expanded considerably in recent years. Herein, we discuss biogenesis, physiological functions and contents of exosomes as well as their contribution to tumorigenesis.

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017

The present study was undertaken during 2002-2012 to find out the prevalence of mastitis in dairy... more The present study was undertaken during 2002-2012 to find out the prevalence of mastitis in dairy cattle of Kashmir valley. The prevalence studies were carried out at the Veterinary Clinical Services Complex (Ganderbal) and overall prevalence rate of 16.89 per cent was recorded during the study period of one year (2012-2013) in addition retrospective study for last ten years of mastitis cases was carried out. Overall prevalence of dairy cattle mastitis over the last 10 years was recorded to be 14.86 per cent. The present study found increased prevalence with changing trends in mastitis over last ten years.

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020

Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 2018

Mycoplasmosis, the diseases caused by mycoplasma, are one of the challenging and continuous threa... more Mycoplasmosis, the diseases caused by mycoplasma, are one of the challenging and continuous threats to small ruminant farming. They cause heavy morbidity (upto 100%), mortality (10-100%) and huge economic loss. Common diseases caused by mycoplasma organisms are contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (mostly in goats), contagious agalactia (both sheep and goats), atypical pneumonia (usually sheep), besides arthritis, mastitis, seminal vesiculitis, ampullitis, epididymitis, orchitis, urethritis, conjunctivitis and meningitis either alone or as classical syndromes. The common mycoplasma includes Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides, M. mycoides subsp. capri, M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae, M. capricolum subsp. capricolum, M. agalactiae, M. bovis and M. conjunctivae etc. Most of the mycoplasmas produce a conglomerate of clinical signs hampering diagnosis. The other main challenge posed by mycoplasma is the difficulty in isolation due to lack of

International Journal of Livestock Research, 2017

Present study was conducted in the hilly district of Bandipora of Jammu and Kashmir. The district... more Present study was conducted in the hilly district of Bandipora of Jammu and Kashmir. The district was divided into low-lying (Sonawari), medium altitude (Bandipora) and High altitude (Gurez) regions. A total of 477 respondents were considered for the survey. Information on varied aspects of sheep economics was sought from the respondents (sheep rearers) based on a pre-tested questionnaire. The total annual expenditure for 19 ewes and followers under prevailing production system was Rs 75083.63 while it was Rs 153032.24, Rs 291480.5 for a sheep unit of 34 ewes and 1 ram, 63 ewes and 2 rams, respectively. Cost of feeding was the major cost component representing more than 70% of total expenditure. Profitability increased with increase in flock size. Under prevailing production system, a sheep unit consisting of 63 ewes and 2 rams was more profitable than sheep units with lower flock size. Net income/year and net income/animal/year was highest in Sonawari followed by Bandipora and least in Gurez region. Present study showed that annual returns on sheep production increase with increase in flock size and feeding expenses represent the single largest component of expenditure on sheep rearing. Further, a sheep unit of 60 above flock size is more or less sufficient to sustain a medium sized family under prevailing production system.

International Journal of Livestock Research, 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the sub-acute toxic effects of Chlorpyrifos, using male r... more This study was conducted to investigate the sub-acute toxic effects of Chlorpyrifos, using male rabbits as an animal model for mammals. Lara-909 (containing 50% chlorpyrifos) was given @71.5 mg chlorpyrifos /kg body weight per day orally for 14 days. Blood samples were collected at day 0, 7 and day 15 for analysis. Intoxicated rabbits showed dullness, anorexia, dehydration, excessive salivation, muscle contractions, twitching with staggering gait and progressive loss of weight. Mortality over 14 days was 83%. In comparison to control group, mean values of Hb, MCH, MCHC and creatinine were significantly increased while lymphocyte count and albumin were significantly decreased on day seven of the experiment. The mean values of total protein, globulin, glucose, ALT, AST, and BUN did not differ significantly from control values.

Veterinary World, 2017

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of clinical mastitis in bovines of Jammu ... more Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of clinical mastitis in bovines of Jammu region, to identify the infectious organisms responsible for it, and the antimicrobial sensitivity of isolated pathogens. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on cases that were presented to the Medicine Division of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, R.S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 260 cases of bovines were presented from June 30, 2012, to July 01, 2013, out of which 30 cases were of clinical mastitis. The diagnosis of clinical mastitis was made on the basis of history and clinical examination of affected animals. Results: Animal and quarter-wise incidence of clinical mastitis were found to be 11.5% and 5.76%, respectively. Of the 23 isolates obtained, Staphylococcus aureus (60.87%) was the most frequently isolated organism, followed by coagulase negative Staphylococci (13.04%), Streptococcus uberis (4.35%), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (8.69%), and Escherichia coli (13.04%). The antimicrobial sensitivity of isolates revealed maximum sensitivity to enrofloxacin, gentamicin, amoxicillin/ sulbactam, ceftriaxone/tazobactam, ceftizoxime, ampicillin/sulbactam and least sensitivity for oxytetracycline and penicillin. Conclusion: Staphylococcus spp. is the major causative agent of clinical mastitis in bovines of Jammu region. The causative agents of the clinical mastitis were most sensitive to enrofloxacin and gentamicin.

A retrospective study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and pathology of Dicrocoelium ... more A retrospective study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and pathology of Dicrocoelium dendriticum infection in sheep at an organized farm in Kashmir. During the years 1996 to 2010, 163 sheep belonging to different breeds, ages and sexes were observed to have livers infected with Dicrocoelium dendriticum. Adult females were more severely infected than young ones. The occurrence was more severe from September to February, followed by May and June. Clinically, the affected sheep were dull, emaciated and anaemic. Post-mortem examination revealed the livers to be pale, friable or firm having depressed irregular whitish lines giving the surface uneven appearance. Histologically, biliary hyperplasia, periportal fibrosis coupled with aggregates of inflammatory cells of lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils in periportal and portal triads was a dominant finding. One adult female sheep revealed cholangiocellular carcinoma characterized by multiple yellowish-white firm nodular grow...

Optimum fertility of breedable buffaloes is the key to dairy economics. Sound reproductive rhythm... more Optimum fertility of breedable buffaloes is the key to dairy economics. Sound reproductive rhythm in each buffalo is essential for ensuring regularity of calving with a narrow dry period to have profitable dairy farming. Reproductive disorders are often multifaceted and multifactorial problems, which, depending on their nature and severity culminate in varying degrees of suboptimal reproductive performance. Besides these, there are a multitude of non-reproductive or general health problems which have a bearing on reproductive performance. Thus, infertility cannot be evaluated in isolation of other diseases and disorders.

Applied Biological Research, 2014

ABSTRACT Area-specific profiling of physiological and biochemical parameters in different species... more ABSTRACT Area-specific profiling of physiological and biochemical parameters in different species is prerequisite for establishing reference values valid for clinical practice. The present study was aimed at physiological, haematological and biochemical profiling of domestic geese of Kashmir. The study was conducted on 30 adult domestic geese comprising of 12 male and 18 female (procured locally) which were maintained at Centre of Research on Poultry, SKUAST-Kashmir. The average body temperature, respiration rate and heart rate in geese were 40.05 ± 0.15°C, 17.16 ± 0.75 breaths min−1 and 60.57±5.09 beats min−1, respectively. Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed presence of P, QRS and T waves. The mean electrical axis/instantaneous mean vector ranged from -86 to -95o indicating its orientation along the long axis of body and superior to frontal plane. The amplitude of QRS wave was almost similar and highest in lead II and III, whereas lead I could hardly represent voltages of QRS wave. The voltage in QRS wave ranged from 0.9 to 1.3 mv. The mean hemoglobin, ESR, PCV, TEC, MCV, MCH, MCHC and TLC was 11.5 ± 0.2 mg dL−1, 0.1 ± 0.17 mm hr−1, 50.08 ± 1.81%, 3.06 ± 0.78 x 106 mm3, 166.13 ± 5.35 m3, 38.25 ± 1.26 pg, 23.14 ± 0.50% and 67.01 ± 4.08 x 103 mm3, respectively. The differential leukocyte count revealed overall mean of 89.27 ± 1.36, 7.77 ± 1.30, 2.95± 0.45 and 0.0% heterophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and basophils, respectively. The blood glucose, total protein, cholesterol-LS and HDL-cholesterol levels were 216.3 ± 5.5 g dL−1, 21.59 ± 1.29 g L−1, 123.0 ± 10.4 mg dL−1 and 29.04 ± 2.24 mg dL−1, respectively. Gender-wise, only heart rate and body temperature showed a significant difference. The present study established basic physiological and haemato-biochemical indices of Kashmir geese.

Molecular BioSystems, 2015

Utilizing immunogenic property of antigens, an in-house affinity-reagent was developed to capture... more Utilizing immunogenic property of antigens, an in-house affinity-reagent was developed to capture tumor associated antigens

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, Mar 1, 2018

Present study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated epidemiological factors of P... more Present study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated epidemiological factors of Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (Ascites) in commercial broiler chickens. Samples comprised of mortalities from various poultry farms operating in Srinagar, Ganderbal, and Budgam, Districts along with their adjoining areas during April 2014 to June 2015. The outbreaks suspected for Pulmonary hypertension syndrome in broiler chicken were identified on the basis of presence of ascites or right ventricular hypertrophy i.e. right ventricle vs total ventricular weight ratio >0.3. Case prevalence of uncomplicated and complicated PHS; and proportionate mortalities were worked out as a function of the total number of necropsies performed and PHS cases, respectively, for a given age group in a particular season, for a given age group, and for a given season. Effect of housing, biosecurity, commercial feed brands and chick strain was also investigated. The overall case prevalence of PHS was 8.70% with 71.71% uncomplicated and 28.29% complicated including concurrent colibacillosis (12.35%), IBD (14.99%) and coccidiosis (0.95%). Farm level incidence in the spring was 1.52 ± 0.216% (0.00-6.00%). Occurrence varied significantly between age groups and seasons but not with the commercial chick strains or feed brands. Poor ventilation and farm-level biosecurity were major epidemiological factors for diseases and PHS.

Healthcare

The present study evaluated the clinical presentation and outcome of COVID-19 patients with under... more The present study evaluated the clinical presentation and outcome of COVID-19 patients with underlying hypercreatinemia at the time of hospitalization. A retrospective observational study was conducted from the 23rd of March 2020 to the 15th of April 2021 in 1668 patients confirmed positive for COVID-19 in the Chest Disease Hospital in Srinagar, India. The results of the present study revealed that out of 1668 patients, 339 with hypercreatinemia had significantly higher rates of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), severe manifestations of the disease, need for mechanical ventilation, and all-cause mortality. Multivariable analysis revealed that age, elevated creatinine concentrations, IL-1, D-Dimer, and Hs-Crp were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality. After adjusted analysis, the association of creatinine levels remained strongly predictive of all-cause, in-hospital mortality (HR-5.34; CI-4.89–8.17; p ≤ 0.001). The amelioration of kidney function may be an eff...

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2019

Fowl typhoid is an acute septicemia disease of all ages of chickens. The disease is caused by Sal... more Fowl typhoid is an acute septicemia disease of all ages of chickens. The disease is caused by Salmonella gallinarum. The term LD50 is defined as the least dosage that should be expected to cause 50% of mortality in animals that received it. Several methods have been proposed for estimations of the LD50. Present study for estimation of LD50 of Salmonella gallinarum in poultry is based on moving average method. Five animals were dosed per infective doses (n = 5) and the following mortalities resulted: 1 of 5 at 0.5 ×10 9 , 2 of 5 at 1 ×10 9 ,2 of 5 at 2 ×10 9 , and 3 out of 5 at 4 ×10 9. So from above it can be postulated that ID50 of Salmonella gallinarum in day old poultry birds is 2.08×10 9 CFU. The determination of LD50 of each strain of Salmonella gallinarum is important for effective control and treatment of diseases caused by Salmonella.

Indian Journal of Small Ruminants, 2014

Pashmina, a specialty fibre, grows as an undercoat from the follicles of Pashmina goats. The numb... more Pashmina, a specialty fibre, grows as an undercoat from the follicles of Pashmina goats. The number and type of follicle constitute important determinants for quantity and quality of pashmina produced. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate the follicle characteristics of Changthangi goats of Ladakh region. Skin samples of young ( 1 year) Changthangi goats from different body regions viz.; abdomen, flank, neck, back and thorax were collected and preserved in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Primary and secondary follicles and S/P (secondary to primary) follicle ratio were determined for different regions of the body. The study revealed difference in the number of follicles and S/P ratio between different body regions. Age-wise comparison showed variation in the S/P ratio between young and adult goats. It was concluded that yield and quality of pashmina from Changthangi goats depend on the age as well as the area of the body from which pashmina is harvested. Evaluation of S/P ratio i...

The Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology, 2010

Thirty clinical cases of obstructive urolithiasis, 15 with intact urinary bladder and 15 with rup... more Thirty clinical cases of obstructive urolithiasis, 15 with intact urinary bladder and 15 with ruptured urinary bladder, were used to study the changes in peritoneal fluid cytology. The percentage of neutrophils was highly increased than the normal reference range reported for cattle with slight decrease in lymphocyte percentage. The value for neutrophil percent was almost similar in both intact and ruptured urinary bladder cases. The monocyte/mesothelial cells/macrophage percent, though increased than the normal reference range were identical in both the groups. There was a predominant decrease in eosinophil percentage with more decrease in intact urinary bladder cases. Polymorphonuclear-to-mononuclear cell ratio was same in both the groups, but higher than the normal reference value (1:1). Eosinophils ≤ 8% and neutrophil ≥ 30% could be established as a reference range of peritonitis in calves. Red blood corpuscles (RBCs) were totally absent in the peritoneal fluid samples obtained ...

Scientific Research and Essays, 2015

The present experimental work was conducted to elucidate the biochemical changes in broiler chick... more The present experimental work was conducted to elucidate the biochemical changes in broiler chicken after ziram intoxication. For the study, 150 apparently healthy broiler chicks were reared together up to 2 weeks of age and thereafter allocated randomly to four groups, that is, control (n=30), acute (n=10), subacute (n=20) and subchronic (n=90). Toxicity was induced following single oral dose of Ziram at 100 mg/kg body weight for acute intoxication, 5 mg/kg body weight per day for 20 days in case of subacute group and 1 mg/kg body weight per day for the study period of 90 days in case subchronic intoxication. The mean values of liver function test viz. serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and bilirubin in acute intoxicated birds at 24 h post intoxication, subacute and subchronic groups were significantly (p 0.05) effect was observed in the subacute group when compared ...

International Journal of Livestock Research, 2017

Prevalence of brucellosis was studied in unvaccinated Changra goats in their native breeding trac... more Prevalence of brucellosis was studied in unvaccinated Changra goats in their native breeding tract of Changthang in the Indian Trans-Himalayan area of Ladakh which represents the western extension of the Tibetan Plateau, an important highland grazing ecosystem. A total of 680 serum samples were collected from 8 different areas including Kharnak, Sumdho, Chushul, Mughlib and Kargyam in the traditional Changra rearing belt, and Digger, Turtuk and Stakna in non-traditional belt. Brucellosis was diagnosed using serological tests viz RBPT, STAT, Dot-ELISA and Plate-ELISA, and serum based PCR. Apparent prevalence was calculated and true prevalence worked out on the basis of sensitivity and specificity for each test. The flock-level prevalence of brucellosis was 80% to 100%. The overall apparent prevalence by

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017

The present study was carried out on ovines of four administrative blocks of Ganderbal i.e., Lar,... more The present study was carried out on ovines of four administrative blocks of Ganderbal i.e., Lar, Ganderbal, Wakura and Kangan from May 2016 to July 2017. A multi-stage simple random sampling technique was used to determine sample size. The total sample size as calculated turned out to be 223 sheep. Samples of blood in clot activator tubes were collected and serum was harvested. The Microagglutination test (MAT) was performed in 96-well U-shaped microplates. The overall prevalence of ovine brucellosis was 35.87%. Prevalence was non-significantly higher in females (37.82%) having 1.99 times greater odds than males (23.33%). Age-wise prevalence was significantly higher in sheep >2 years of age. The sheep aged >2 years had 2.35 times greater odds (80.6/34.21) of having a higher prevalence of brucellosis than sheep aged < 2 years. The results of this study suggest a high prevalence of ovine brucellosis in this region, whose economic effect has not been investigated till date.

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2018

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been thoroughly studied from different physiological contexts a... more Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been thoroughly studied from different physiological contexts and now there are strong evidences that they play an important role in cancer. They have a bimodal role in cancer wherein they can manipulate the local and systemic environment to aid in cancer growth and dissemination as well as program the immune system to elicit an anti-tumor response. The amount of information on their formation, nature of cargo contained within them and horizontal communication of different types of cancer EVs has expanded considerably in recent years. Herein, we discuss biogenesis, physiological functions and contents of exosomes as well as their contribution to tumorigenesis.

Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017

The present study was undertaken during 2002-2012 to find out the prevalence of mastitis in dairy... more The present study was undertaken during 2002-2012 to find out the prevalence of mastitis in dairy cattle of Kashmir valley. The prevalence studies were carried out at the Veterinary Clinical Services Complex (Ganderbal) and overall prevalence rate of 16.89 per cent was recorded during the study period of one year (2012-2013) in addition retrospective study for last ten years of mastitis cases was carried out. Overall prevalence of dairy cattle mastitis over the last 10 years was recorded to be 14.86 per cent. The present study found increased prevalence with changing trends in mastitis over last ten years.

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020

Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 2018

Mycoplasmosis, the diseases caused by mycoplasma, are one of the challenging and continuous threa... more Mycoplasmosis, the diseases caused by mycoplasma, are one of the challenging and continuous threats to small ruminant farming. They cause heavy morbidity (upto 100%), mortality (10-100%) and huge economic loss. Common diseases caused by mycoplasma organisms are contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (mostly in goats), contagious agalactia (both sheep and goats), atypical pneumonia (usually sheep), besides arthritis, mastitis, seminal vesiculitis, ampullitis, epididymitis, orchitis, urethritis, conjunctivitis and meningitis either alone or as classical syndromes. The common mycoplasma includes Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides, M. mycoides subsp. capri, M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae, M. capricolum subsp. capricolum, M. agalactiae, M. bovis and M. conjunctivae etc. Most of the mycoplasmas produce a conglomerate of clinical signs hampering diagnosis. The other main challenge posed by mycoplasma is the difficulty in isolation due to lack of

International Journal of Livestock Research, 2017

Present study was conducted in the hilly district of Bandipora of Jammu and Kashmir. The district... more Present study was conducted in the hilly district of Bandipora of Jammu and Kashmir. The district was divided into low-lying (Sonawari), medium altitude (Bandipora) and High altitude (Gurez) regions. A total of 477 respondents were considered for the survey. Information on varied aspects of sheep economics was sought from the respondents (sheep rearers) based on a pre-tested questionnaire. The total annual expenditure for 19 ewes and followers under prevailing production system was Rs 75083.63 while it was Rs 153032.24, Rs 291480.5 for a sheep unit of 34 ewes and 1 ram, 63 ewes and 2 rams, respectively. Cost of feeding was the major cost component representing more than 70% of total expenditure. Profitability increased with increase in flock size. Under prevailing production system, a sheep unit consisting of 63 ewes and 2 rams was more profitable than sheep units with lower flock size. Net income/year and net income/animal/year was highest in Sonawari followed by Bandipora and least in Gurez region. Present study showed that annual returns on sheep production increase with increase in flock size and feeding expenses represent the single largest component of expenditure on sheep rearing. Further, a sheep unit of 60 above flock size is more or less sufficient to sustain a medium sized family under prevailing production system.

International Journal of Livestock Research, 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the sub-acute toxic effects of Chlorpyrifos, using male r... more This study was conducted to investigate the sub-acute toxic effects of Chlorpyrifos, using male rabbits as an animal model for mammals. Lara-909 (containing 50% chlorpyrifos) was given @71.5 mg chlorpyrifos /kg body weight per day orally for 14 days. Blood samples were collected at day 0, 7 and day 15 for analysis. Intoxicated rabbits showed dullness, anorexia, dehydration, excessive salivation, muscle contractions, twitching with staggering gait and progressive loss of weight. Mortality over 14 days was 83%. In comparison to control group, mean values of Hb, MCH, MCHC and creatinine were significantly increased while lymphocyte count and albumin were significantly decreased on day seven of the experiment. The mean values of total protein, globulin, glucose, ALT, AST, and BUN did not differ significantly from control values.

Veterinary World, 2017

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of clinical mastitis in bovines of Jammu ... more Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of clinical mastitis in bovines of Jammu region, to identify the infectious organisms responsible for it, and the antimicrobial sensitivity of isolated pathogens. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on cases that were presented to the Medicine Division of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, R.S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 260 cases of bovines were presented from June 30, 2012, to July 01, 2013, out of which 30 cases were of clinical mastitis. The diagnosis of clinical mastitis was made on the basis of history and clinical examination of affected animals. Results: Animal and quarter-wise incidence of clinical mastitis were found to be 11.5% and 5.76%, respectively. Of the 23 isolates obtained, Staphylococcus aureus (60.87%) was the most frequently isolated organism, followed by coagulase negative Staphylococci (13.04%), Streptococcus uberis (4.35%), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (8.69%), and Escherichia coli (13.04%). The antimicrobial sensitivity of isolates revealed maximum sensitivity to enrofloxacin, gentamicin, amoxicillin/ sulbactam, ceftriaxone/tazobactam, ceftizoxime, ampicillin/sulbactam and least sensitivity for oxytetracycline and penicillin. Conclusion: Staphylococcus spp. is the major causative agent of clinical mastitis in bovines of Jammu region. The causative agents of the clinical mastitis were most sensitive to enrofloxacin and gentamicin.

A retrospective study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and pathology of Dicrocoelium ... more A retrospective study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and pathology of Dicrocoelium dendriticum infection in sheep at an organized farm in Kashmir. During the years 1996 to 2010, 163 sheep belonging to different breeds, ages and sexes were observed to have livers infected with Dicrocoelium dendriticum. Adult females were more severely infected than young ones. The occurrence was more severe from September to February, followed by May and June. Clinically, the affected sheep were dull, emaciated and anaemic. Post-mortem examination revealed the livers to be pale, friable or firm having depressed irregular whitish lines giving the surface uneven appearance. Histologically, biliary hyperplasia, periportal fibrosis coupled with aggregates of inflammatory cells of lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils in periportal and portal triads was a dominant finding. One adult female sheep revealed cholangiocellular carcinoma characterized by multiple yellowish-white firm nodular grow...

Optimum fertility of breedable buffaloes is the key to dairy economics. Sound reproductive rhythm... more Optimum fertility of breedable buffaloes is the key to dairy economics. Sound reproductive rhythm in each buffalo is essential for ensuring regularity of calving with a narrow dry period to have profitable dairy farming. Reproductive disorders are often multifaceted and multifactorial problems, which, depending on their nature and severity culminate in varying degrees of suboptimal reproductive performance. Besides these, there are a multitude of non-reproductive or general health problems which have a bearing on reproductive performance. Thus, infertility cannot be evaluated in isolation of other diseases and disorders.

Applied Biological Research, 2014

ABSTRACT Area-specific profiling of physiological and biochemical parameters in different species... more ABSTRACT Area-specific profiling of physiological and biochemical parameters in different species is prerequisite for establishing reference values valid for clinical practice. The present study was aimed at physiological, haematological and biochemical profiling of domestic geese of Kashmir. The study was conducted on 30 adult domestic geese comprising of 12 male and 18 female (procured locally) which were maintained at Centre of Research on Poultry, SKUAST-Kashmir. The average body temperature, respiration rate and heart rate in geese were 40.05 ± 0.15°C, 17.16 ± 0.75 breaths min−1 and 60.57±5.09 beats min−1, respectively. Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed presence of P, QRS and T waves. The mean electrical axis/instantaneous mean vector ranged from -86 to -95o indicating its orientation along the long axis of body and superior to frontal plane. The amplitude of QRS wave was almost similar and highest in lead II and III, whereas lead I could hardly represent voltages of QRS wave. The voltage in QRS wave ranged from 0.9 to 1.3 mv. The mean hemoglobin, ESR, PCV, TEC, MCV, MCH, MCHC and TLC was 11.5 ± 0.2 mg dL−1, 0.1 ± 0.17 mm hr−1, 50.08 ± 1.81%, 3.06 ± 0.78 x 106 mm3, 166.13 ± 5.35 m3, 38.25 ± 1.26 pg, 23.14 ± 0.50% and 67.01 ± 4.08 x 103 mm3, respectively. The differential leukocyte count revealed overall mean of 89.27 ± 1.36, 7.77 ± 1.30, 2.95± 0.45 and 0.0% heterophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and basophils, respectively. The blood glucose, total protein, cholesterol-LS and HDL-cholesterol levels were 216.3 ± 5.5 g dL−1, 21.59 ± 1.29 g L−1, 123.0 ± 10.4 mg dL−1 and 29.04 ± 2.24 mg dL−1, respectively. Gender-wise, only heart rate and body temperature showed a significant difference. The present study established basic physiological and haemato-biochemical indices of Kashmir geese.

Molecular BioSystems, 2015

Utilizing immunogenic property of antigens, an in-house affinity-reagent was developed to capture... more Utilizing immunogenic property of antigens, an in-house affinity-reagent was developed to capture tumor associated antigens