Root, George F. (George Frederick), 1820-1895 (original) (raw)

Composer, music educator and president of Root & Sons Music Co., Chicago, Ill. Acquaintance of Abby Hutchinson Patton a famous singer (Hutchinson Family Singers) and song writer of the nineteenth century. Also a campaigner for Abraham Lincoln and member of the Executive Committee of the American Equal Rights Association after the Civil War.

From the description of Letter, June 26, 1891. (Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library). WorldCat record id: 54354828

George Frederick Root (August 30, 1820 - August 6, 1895) was an American songwriter and music educator perhaps best known for his song "The Battle Cry of Freedom." Root, born in Sheffield, Massachusetts and named after George Frederick Handel, began his music training at home with his father. He did not begin formal music training until he moved to Boston at the age of 18. While in Boston, Root taught voice and music education under the tutelage of Lowell Mason and was the choir director at the Mercer Street Church. Also during this time, Root began publishing collections of choral songs and teaching methods, such as The Young Ladies' Choir (1846).

In 1853, after returning from a few years of voice lessons in France, Root helped Mason organize the first Normal Musical Institute in New York City for training music teachers. Root composed some of the earliest examples of secular cantatas in American music, including the "The Flower Queen" (1852) and "The Haymakers" (1857). Root also began publishing parlor songs in the 1850s, at first under the pseudonym G. Friedrich Wurzel. Early popular songs include "The Hazel Dell" (1852), "There's Music in the Air" (1854), and "Rosalie, the Prairie Flower" (1855). In 1861, three days after the outbreak of the Civil War, Root composed "The First Gun is Fired! May God Protect the Right!" Of Root's more than two hundred songs, approximately thirty of them were written during and about the war, including "The Battle Cry of Freedom" (1862), "Tramp! Tramp! Tramp! (The Prisoner's Hope)" (1864), and "Just Before the Battle, Mother" (1864).

In 1860, Root became a partner in the publishing company Root & Cady, which was founded in Chicago by his brother, Ebenezer Root, and C. M. Cady. After the war, Root continued writing songs and compiling songbooks, many of which were first published by Root & Cady. Root continued to support various social causes with his music, such as the temperance movement and the organized labor movement. When Root & Cady was nearly destroyed by the Great Chicago Fire in 1871, Root discontinued his association with the publishing company and focused on writing music. Root died in 1895 at his summer home in Maine.

From the guide to the Polly H. Carder Collection on George F. Root, 1852-1907, 1952-1907, (Special Collections in Performing Arts)

Archival Resources

Role Title Holding Repository
referencedIn Ward, Lydia Avery Coonley, 1845-1924. Autographs collected and letters received, O-Z, 1705, 1785, 1848, 1861-1922 (bulk 1861-1922). University of Virginia. Library
referencedIn Nicolas Slonimsky Collection, 1873-1997, (bulk 1920-1990) Library of Congress. Music Division
creatorOf Gottschalk, Louis Moreau, 1829-1869. Battle cry of freedom / [L.M. Gottschalk]. New York Public Library System, NYPL
creatorOf Henry, Sarah P.,. Sarah P. Henry collection of instrumental and vocal compositions, ca. 1900. Maine Historical Society Library
referencedIn Mary Jane Daggett family collection 1853-1876 Daggett, Mary Jane family collection William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Newland/Zeuner Collection, circa 1735-circa 1900 Library of Congress. Music Division
referencedIn Epstein, Dena J. Polacheck, 1916-. Dena Epstein Root & Cady research papers, 1843-1987 (bulk 1858-1871) Newberry Library
creatorOf Root, George F. (George Frederick), 1820-1895. Under the palms : a scripture cantata / by Geo. F. Root ; arranged for orchestra by A.H. Perry. Library of Congress
referencedIn Emile Berliner collection, 1871-1965, 1871-1930 Library of Congress. Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division
creatorOf Root, George F. (George Frederick), 1820-1895. [Collection of sheet music by Root]. Chicago History Museum
creatorOf Root, George F. (George Frederick), 1820-1895. Papers, 1854-1970, bulk: 1889-1895. Massachusetts Historical Society
referencedIn Schmidt, Otto Leopold, 1863-1935. Otto L. Schmidt papers, 1877-1941 (bulk 1900-1935). Chicago History Museum
creatorOf Gilmore, P. S. (Patrick Sarsfield), 1829-1892. Pro-Union Civil War sheet music collection, 1859-1917. Boston Athenaeum
referencedIn Staples, Samuel E. (Samuel Elias), 1822-1902. Papers, 1849-1900. American Antiquarian Society
creatorOf Taylor, Marilyn, soprano. The household muse [sound recording] : music in the American home, 1814-1870. University of North Carolina School of the Arts, Semans Library
creatorOf Root, George F. (George Frederick), 1820-1895. Letter, June 26, 1891. Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library
referencedIn Ward, Lydia Avery Coonley, 1845-1924. Autographs collected and letters received by Lydia Avery Coonley Ward, 1705, 1785, 1848, 1861-1922 (bulk 1861-1922). University of Virginia. Library
creatorOf Thomas A. Edison, Inc. Edison sheet music collection, 1830-1958 (bulk 1890-1940). Library of Congress
creatorOf Polly H. Carder Collection on George F. Root, 1852-1907, 1952-1907 University of Maryland (College Park, Md.). Libraries
creatorOf Root, George F. (George Frederick), 1820-1895. To Harriett [sic] / Geo. F. Root. Library of Congress
referencedIn Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States Commandery of the State of Massachusetts Civil War collection, 1724-1933 (inclusive); 1861-1912 (bulk). Houghton Library
referencedIn Ward, Lydia Avery Coonley, 1845-1924. Autographs collected and letters received, A-N by Lydia Avery Coonley Ward, 1705, 1785, 1848, 1861-1922 (bulk 1861-1922). University of Virginia. Library
referencedIn Edison Sheet Music Collection, 1830-1958, (bulk 1890-1940) Library of Congress. Music Division
referencedIn Munroe, Alexander Cole, 1831-1911. Papers, 1868-1897. Gadsden Public Library
referencedIn Hartley,. George F. Root photographs, ca. 1860-1915. Massachusetts Historical Society
referencedIn Minstrel show songs sheet music, 1843-1906. Harvard Theater Collection, Houghton Library, Harvard College Library, Harvard University
creatorOf Root, George F. (George Frederick), 1820-1895. Daniel [collection] : or, The captivity and restoration : a sacred cantata in three parts / words selected and prepared by C.M. Cady ; assisted by Miss F.J. Crosby ; music composed by George F. Root and William B. Bradbury. University of Wisconsin - Madison, General Library System

Bibliographic and Digital Archival Resources

Role Title Holding Repository
Relation Name
associatedWith Berliner, Emile, 1851-1929 person
associatedWith Bradbury, William Batchelder, 1816-1868. person
associatedWith Cady, C. M. (Chauncey Marvin), 1824-1889. person
associatedWith Crosby, Fanny, 1820-1915. person
associatedWith Daggett, Mary Jane, 1840-1917 person
associatedWith Epstein, Dena J. Polacheck, 1916- person
associatedWith Gottschalk, Louis Moreau, 1829-1869. person
associatedWith Henry, Sarah P., person
associatedWith Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. Commandery of the State of Massachusetts, collector. corporateBody
associatedWith Munroe, Alexander Cole, 1831-1911. person
associatedWith Newland, William Augustine, 1813-1901 person
associatedWith Patton, Abby Hutchinson, 1829-1892. person
associatedWith Perry, A. H. person
associatedWith Root and Sons Music Company. corporateBody
associatedWith Schmidt, Otto Leopold, 1863-1935. person
associatedWith Slonimsky, Nicolas, 1894-1995 person
associatedWith Staples, Samuel E. (Samuel Elias), 1822-1902. person
associatedWith Thomas A. Edison, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Thomas A. Edison, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Ward, Lydia Avery Coonley, 1845-1924. person