How to improve air quality? (original) (raw)
01. Definition
What is air pollution?
Air pollution can be defined as an alteration of air quality that can be characterized by measurements of chemical, biological or physical pollutants in the air. Therefore, air pollution means the undesirable presence of impurities or the abnormal rise in the proportion of some constituents of the atmosphere. It can be classified in 2 sections: visible and invisibleair pollution.
- Local: this concerns the quality of ambient air within a radius of a few kilometers
- Regional: pollution like acid rain, photochemical reactions and degradation of water quality at distances of a few kilometers to a thousand kilometers
- Global: depletion of the ozone layer and global warming caused by the emission of greenhouse gases, mainly carbon dioxide (CO2)
02. Causes
Air pollution causes
Air pollution is caused by the presence in the atmosphere of toxic substances, mainly produced by human activities, even though sometimes it can result from natural phenomena such as volcanic eruptions, dust storms and wildfires, also depleting the air quality.
Anthropogenic air pollution sources are:
- Combustion of fossil fuels, like coal and oil for electricity and road transport, producing air pollutants like nitrogen and sulfur dioxide
- Emissions from industries and factories, releasing large amount of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, chemicals and organic compounds into the air
- Agricultural activities, due to the use of pesticides, insecticides, and fertilizers that emit harmful chemicals
- Waste production, mostly because of methane generation in landfills
03. Impacts
Air pollution Impacts
It is impossible to describe the whole extent of potential and actual damage caused by all forms of air pollution. But here are the main consequences:
- On the environment: air pollution has a major impact on the process of plant evolution by preventing photosynthesis in many cases, with serious consequences for the purification of the air we breathe. It also contributes to the formation of acid rain, atmospheric precipitations in the form of rain, frost, snow or fog, which are released during the combustion of fossil fuels and transformed by contact with water steam in the atmosphere.
- Global warming: on top of that, air pollution is a major contributor to global warming and climate change. In fact, the abundance of carbon dioxide in the air is one of the causes of the greenhouse effect. Normally, the presence of greenhouse gases should be beneficial for the planet because they absorb the infra-red radiation produced by the surface of the earth. But the excessive concentration of these gases in the atmosphere is the cause of the recent climate change
- On human health: Our continual exposure to air pollutants is responsible for the deterioration of human health. Air pollution is indeed a significant risk factor for human health conditions, causing allergies, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases as well as lung damage
04. Solutions
Air pollution solutions
The Solar Impulse Label is granted to innovative solutions to air pollution that meet high standards of sustainability and profitability. Each solution goes through a strict assessment process performed by independent experts
05. Implementations
Air pollution solutions implementations
06. Conclusion
Air pollution prevention
There are ways to prevent, control and eventually reduce air pollution:
- Renewable fuel and clean energy production: the most basic solution for air pollution is to move away from fossil fuels, replacing them with alternative energies like solar, wind and geothermal.
- Energy conservation and efficiency: producing clean energy is crucial. But equally important is to reduce our consumption of energy by adopting responsible habits and using more efficient devices.
- Eco-friendly transportation: shifting to electric vehicles and hydrogen vehicles, and promoting shared mobility (i.e carpooling, and public transports) could reduce air pollution.
- Green building: from planning to demolition, green building aims to create environmentally responsible and resource-efficient structures to reduce their carbon footprint