Pedro Urriola | University of Minnesota - Twin Cities (original) (raw)

Papers by Pedro Urriola

Journal of Animal Science, Nov 2, 2020

The objective of this experiment was to determine pre-weaning survival of pigs when sows were sup... more The objective of this experiment was to determine pre-weaning survival of pigs when sows were supplemented with 3 dietary levels of Zn in late gestation. Gilts and sows (n = 339) were assigned to one of three dietary treatments based on parity. Treatments were: 1) Control – corn-soybean meal-based diet containing 125 ppm supplemental Zn as ZnSO4 (75 ppm Zn) and AvailaZn™ (50 ppm Zn, CON); 2) Intermediate – as Control + 240 ppm supplemental Zn as ZnSO4 (INT); and 3) High – as Control + 470 ppm supplemental Zn as ZnSO4 (HI). Final supplemental Zn concentrations of diets were: 1) CON – 125 ppm; 2) INT – 365 ppm; and 3) HI – 595 ppm. Sows received dietary treatments from about d 85 of gestation until farrowing. Individual piglet birth weights were recorded within 12 h of parturition and all instances of piglet mortality were recorded. The statistical model considered fixed effects of diet and random effects of parity. Chi-square analysis was used to determine diet effects on piglet mortality. There were no differences in total pigs born, born alive, or weaned per litter. However, piglets from sows fed the INT diet had heavier (P < 0.05) birth weights (1.42 kg) than those fed CON (1.38 kg). Furthermore, incidence of low birth weight pigs was less (P < 0.05) for sows consuming INT compared with sows fed CON and HI (Table 1). Overall piglet mortality tended to decrease (P < 0.10) as dietary Zn increased. Furthermore, mortality of low birth weight pigs decreased (P < 0.05) as dietary Zn increased. Overall, effects of supplemental dietary Zn at 365 and 595 ppm in late gestation improved pre-weaning survival of low birth weight piglets and reduced overall pre-weaning mortality of piglets.

Journal of Animal Science, Apr 12, 2022

The objective of this study was to quantify and compare the environmental impact, using lifecycle... more The objective of this study was to quantify and compare the environmental impact, using lifecycle assessment (LCA) analysis, of 4 different, 4-phase growing-finishing feeding programs consisting of diets containing corn and soybean meal (CSBM), low protein CSBM supplemented with crystalline amino acids (LP), CSBM with 30% distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), and DDGS supplemented with crystalline Ile, Val, and Trp (DDGS+IVT). The LCA analysis was performed using an online software application (Opteinics, BASF, Lampertheim, Germany) with calculations based on environmental impact factors from the Global Feed LCA Institute feed ingredient database. The specific model included impacts of feed production, animal farming, manure management, and meat processing. Environmental impacts were calculated at the farm gate and the functional unit was 1,000 kg of carcass weight. Diet composition, growth performance, and carcass data obtained from a feeding trial were used as inputs in the LCA calculations. Using CSBM as the reference feeding program (Table 1), the LP feeding program resulted in an overall decrease in impacts associated with acidification (10.9%), water use (7.6%), and land use (9.8%), but increased impacts associated with climate change (3.3%) and fossil resource use (3.7%). Both DDGS and DDGS+IVT feeding programs increased impact on climate change (18.4-18.7%), fossil resource use (42.7-47.3%), and water use (47.2-50.0%), but decreased impacts associated with acidification (3.0-3.4%) and land use (27.2-27.3%) compared with the CSBM feeding program. Overall, the LP feeding program resulted in the lowest total environmental footprint (1.0776 person years), followed by the CSBM (1.1081 person years), DDGS+IVT (1.1845 person years), and DDGS (1.1884 person years) feeding programs. These results indicate that feeding CSBM diets without and with crystalline amino acids have less impact on climate change, water use, fossil resource use, and total environmental footprint than DDGS feeding programs per 1,000 kg of pork carcass weight.

Animal Feed Science and Technology, Sep 1, 2017

Prediction of the concentration of standardized ileal digestible amino acids and safety margins a... more Prediction of the concentration of standardized ileal digestible amino acids and safety margins among sources of distillers dried grains with solubles for growing pigs: A meta-analysis approach.

Journal of Animal Science, Jul 1, 2017

The FASEB Journal, Apr 1, 2017

Identification of activation of tryptophan-NAD + pathway as a prominent metabolic response to the... more Identification of activation of tryptophan-NAD + pathway as a prominent metabolic response to thermally oxidized oil through metabolomics-guided biochemical analysis

Journal of Animal Science, Apr 1, 2018

Metabolites, Jan 8, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Animal Feed Science and Technology, Nov 1, 2022

Anaporc: revista de la Asociación de Porcinocultura Científica, 2021

An African swine fever-Soybean meal supply chain workshop involving key industry stakeholders was... more An African swine fever-Soybean meal supply chain workshop involving key industry stakeholders was conducted on July 10, 2019 on the University of Minnesota St. Paul campus. The objectives were to 1) identify and discuss the various segments and potential risk factors of the soy supply chain in North America, 2) identify and discuss potential prevention, mitigation, and product differentiation (country of origin) strategies for soy products used in the U.S. pork industry, and 3) identify research and education needs related to foreign animal viruses and soy products. The group identified potential risk factors for African swine fever virus introduction into the United States through imported soy products including 1) contamination during transport, 2) inadequate virus inactivation in soybean hulls during processing if contaminated, 3) imported organic soybean products used in fertilizers, and 4) risk of virus spreading through manure and other routes if introduced. Prevention, mitigation, and differentiation strategies were discussed and included 1) develop a diagnostic test to assess African swine fever virus in feed, 2) explore alternatives to inter-port shipment of soybean products among U.S. ports of entry, and 3) identify and educate importers about consequences of African swine fever virus introduction and suggest prevention and mitigation methods. Several research and education outcomes were identified including 1) improve data collection on country of origin for imported soy products, 2) write a report describing the soy supply chain including reasons for imports and benefits of exports, 3) conduct more research on survivability of the virus in different feed ingredient matrices that is reproducible, 4) determine whether the virus is present in feed ingredient supply chains, 5) determine the most accurate methods to assess virus survival, and 6) determine specific factors that cause the African swine fever virus to survive in soybean meal for extended periods of time.Swine Health Information Center, Ames, I

Journal of Animal Science, May 1, 2021

A literature review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effects of dietary energy sy... more A literature review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effects of dietary energy system (NE or ME), oil content of cDDGS, diet inclusion levels, and pig age on growth performance in pigs fed cDDGS-based diets. The mean differences (MD) of ADG, ADFI, and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) were calculated and expressed as a percentage change relative to feeding corn-soybean meal (CSB)- and cDDGS-based diets to nursery (BW &lt; 25kg) and growing-finishing (BW &gt; 25kg) pigs. In addition, MD were determined in CSB- and cDDGS-based diets to determine the effects of supplementation of various types of exogenous enzymes with or without phytase on growth performance. A total of 27 studies with 106 growth performance observations were included in the non-enzyme supplemented dataset, and 36 studies with 84 observations for enzyme responses in CSB and cDDGS diets were in the enzyme dataset. Feeding the cDDGS diets resulted in decreased (P &lt; 0.01) the MD of ADG (- 4.27%) and G:F (- 1.99%) for nursery pigs, and decreased (P &lt; 0.01) the MD of ADG (-1.68%) and G:F (-1.06%) for growing-finishing pigs. Feeding high oil (≥ 10% ether extract) cDDGS-based diets to pigs resulted in a 2.96% reduction in ADFI while feeding reduced-oil (&lt; 10% ether extract) cDDGS-based diets reduced G:F by 1.56% compared with pigs fed CSB diets. Supplementation of exogenous enzymes improved (P &lt; 0.05) the MD of ADG and G:F by 1.94% and 2.65%, respectively in CSB diets and by 2.67% and 1.87%, respectively, in cDDGS diets. Proteases, enzyme cocktails, or xylanases improved (P &lt; 0.05) ADG by 7.29%, 2.64% and 2.48% in pigs fed CSB-based diet, respectively. In conclusion, cDDGS-based diets slightly reduces growth performance of nursery and growing-finishing pigs, but supplementation of xylanase or enzyme cocktail improves G:F of pigs fed cDDGS-based diets

Runtime 25:40Sarah Schieck Boelke, swine Extension educator is joined with Lee Johnston, Universi... more Runtime 25:40Sarah Schieck Boelke, swine Extension educator is joined with Lee Johnston, University of Minnesota swine nutrition faculty and Pedro Urriola, University of Minnesota swine nutrition faculty in a discussion about nutritional strategies to slow growth of pigs during these special circumstances of pork packing plant closures due to COVID-19

Journal of Animal Science, Mar 1, 2017

randomization into 60 single-sex pens containing 6 pigs (6.6 ± 1.2 kg) per pen. Six treatments we... more randomization into 60 single-sex pens containing 6 pigs (6.6 ± 1.2 kg) per pen. Six treatments were fed: positive control (PC; 0.4 or 0.32% aP for phase 2 or 3 and 4, respectively), negative control (NC; 0.15% reduced aP), and 500, 1,000, 2,000, or 4,000 FTU CEP/kg added to NC in a 3-phase feeding program. Pigs were weighed on d 0, 14, 28, and 41, and feed disappearance was recorded per phase. Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of P was determined by feeding a chromic oxide marker (d 28 to 35) and collecting fecal samples on d 35. On d 41, 4 pigs per pen were euthanized and metacarpal bones were collected to evaluate bone breaking strength (BBS) and ash. Data were analyzed using PROC GLM of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC; block, sex, treatment, and sex × treatment interaction). Treatment least squares means were separated, and linear, quadratic, and cubic treatment effects were evaluated. Pigs fed 500 FTU CEP/kg had increased (P < 0.05) ADG (450 vs. 395 g/d) and ADFI (668 vs. 581 g/d) compared with NC pigs and (P > 0.05) ADG (473 g/d) and ADFI (686 g/d) equivalent to those of PC pigs from d 0 to 41. Pigs fed 500 FTU CEP/kg had higher ATTD of P (57%; P < 0.05) than both NC (32%) and PC (38%) pigs. Pigs fed 500 FTU CEP/kg had higher BBS (31 vs. 40 kg/cm 2) and bone ash weight (1.41 vs. 1.11 g) than NC pigs (P < 0.05). Pigs fed 1,000 FTU CEP/kg had BBS (45 kg/cm 2) and ash weight (1.51 and 1.56 g) equivalent to those of PC pigs (P > 0.05). Pigs fed 4,000 FTU CEP/kg had higher d 0 to 41 ADG (509 vs. 473 g/d) and bone ash weight (1.72 vs. 1.56 g) compared with PC (P < 0.05). There were linear (P < 0.0001) increases in ADG, ADFI, ATTD of P, BBS, and bone ash characteristics as CEP inclusion increased. In conclusion, 500 FTU CEP/kg improved growth, ATTD of P, BBS, and bone ash when added to a reduced-P diet, and 4,000 FTU CEP/kg increased growth beyond the PC treatment.

Animal Feed Science and Technology, Dec 1, 2021

Journal of Animal Science, Jul 1, 2019

Financial support was provided by National Pork Board (#17-036). Mention of trade names or commer... more Financial support was provided by National Pork Board (#17-036). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the University of Minnesota or the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Journal of Animal Science, Jun 1, 2017

Journal of Animal Science, Dec 1, 2017

In vitro DM disappearance (IVDMD) and gas production methods have been developed and used to meas... more In vitro DM disappearance (IVDMD) and gas production methods have been developed and used to measure in vivo nutrient digestibility of feed ingredients, but further validation is needed for ingredients containing high concentrations of insoluble fiber such as corn distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS). A 3-step in vitro procedure and resulting gas production were used to predict in vivo apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of total dietary fiber (TDF) among 3 sources each of wheat straw (WS), soybean hulls (SBH), and DDGS. A total of 34 barrows and 2 gilts (84 ± 7 kg BW) were used in a changeover design to determine the ATTD of 9 dietary treatments. The WS, SBH, or DDGS sources were the only ingredients containing fiber in each diet, and all diets were formulated to contain the same TDF concentration (22.3%). The in vivo experiment was conducted in 2 consecutive 13-d periods, each including a 10-d adaptation and a 3-d collection period to provide 8 replications/dietary treatment, and 0.5% TiO 2 was added to each diet as an indigestible marker. Pigs had ad libitum access to water and were fed an amount of feed equivalent to 2.5% of initial BW in each period. The in vitro experiment was used to determine IVDMD and gas production of the 9 ingredients (5 to 8 replicates/ingredient) fed during the in vivo experiment. Gas production kinetics were fitted using a nonlinear model and analyzed using a mixed model, and predictions were evaluated using correlations and regression models. There were differences (P < 0.01) in ATTD of TDF among WS (26.7%), SBH (78.9%), and DDGS (43.0%) and among sources of DDGS (36.0 to 49.8%). Differences (P < 0.05) in IVDMD from simulated gastric and small intestinal hydrolysis were observed among WS (13.3%), SBH (18.9%), and DDGS (53.7%) and among sources of WS (12.8 to 13.8%), SBH (17.0 to 20.5%), and DDGS (52.0 to 56.9%). Differences (P < 0.05) in IVDMD from simulated large intestine fermentation (IVDMDf) were also observed among WS (23.3%), SBH (84.6%), and DDGS (69.6%) and among sources of WS (18.7 vs. 26.8%). In vitro DM disappearance from simulated total tract digestion of SBH (88.9%) and DDGS (86.1%) were greater (P < 0.01) than that of WS (33.5%). Differences (P < 0.01) in asymptotic gas production (A; mL/g DM substrate) were observed among WS (121), SBH (412), and DDGS (317), and ATTD of TDF was highly correlated with IVDMDf and A. In conclusion, low variability in ATTD of TDF and IVDMD among sources of WS and SBH evaluated in the current study may not justify the use of in vitro measurements, but in vitro fermentation accurately predicts ATTD of TDF among sources of corn DDGS.

Animals, Apr 27, 2021