Enrico Bonari | Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (original) (raw)
Papers by Enrico Bonari
1 Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy, g.defilippis@santannapisa.... more 1 Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy, g.defilippis@santannapisa.it, r.rossetto@santannapisa.it, a.barbagli@santannapisa.it, e.bonari@santannapisa.it, l.ercoli@santannapisa.it 2 TESAF, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy, chiara.marchina@unipd.it 3 TEA SISTEMI S.p.A., Pisa, Italy, iacopo.borsi@tea-group.com 4 Regione Toscana, Italy, giorgio.mazzanti@regione.toscana.it
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soils cause uncertainties within Agricultural LCA. N2O affect... more Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soils cause uncertainties within Agricultural LCA. N2O affects global warming and is estimated with IPCC guidelines, agroecosystem models or direct measurements. CERES-EGC model was used to estimate N2O emissions from faba bean and winter cereals grown in two trials (ICC and CIMAS) with different climates. Model outputs were compared with IPCC estimates. Simulated N2O emission patterns showed emissions can be independent from fertiliser application dates or rates. This was due to soil moisture, rainfall and farming practices. Results showed the IPCC procedure estimated higher annual cereals emissions of 740 g N2O-N ha-1 y-1 than simulation results and a lower estimation of 304 g N2O-N ha-1 y-1 for faba bean. Results revealed inclusion of climate, soil properties and management resulted in major variations of N2O emissions which CERES-EGC was able to capture. Thus, model estimates may increase accuracy of soil GHG emission in Agricultural LCA.
Italian Journal of Agronomy, Sep 16, 2010
Preserving our landscape in sustainable development processes is now widely considered as fundame... more Preserving our landscape in sustainable development processes is now widely considered as fundamental. It is a complex and evolving issue that can be tackled from several perspectives. Agronomy can contribute to analyzing the relationships between agricultural production systems (cropping, farming and agricultural systems) at different levels (field, farm, and region) and the agricultural landscape (in terms of patches, matrixes, dynamics, etc). This is of particular interest where the relationships between “what and ...
Forests
Cropping among trees with perennial legumes is one option for increasing agro-ecosystem services,... more Cropping among trees with perennial legumes is one option for increasing agro-ecosystem services, such as improving the nitrogen supply and increasing soil protection by herbaceous vegetation. Moreover, cropping under the canopy of olive trees should diversify the farm production, compared to the traditional fallow management. Among perennial legumes, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) produces abundant biomass under Mediterranean rainfed condition. Based on this, a two-year field experiment was implemented in southern Tuscany in a rainfed olive orchard to test the competition for light effects on alfalfa biomass production and nutritive value. Light availability under the tree canopy was measured by hemispherical photos. In both years, the alfalfa yield of under-canopy varied according to the tree presence. A significant relationship between biomass production and light availability was recorded. The nutritive value of under-canopy alfalfa was similar to that of the open-grown alfalfa. H...
Journal of environmental management, Jan 15, 2018
A pilot experimental field combining rewetting of reclaimed peaty soils and water phyto-treatment... more A pilot experimental field combining rewetting of reclaimed peaty soils and water phyto-treatment was set up in the Massaciuccoli Lake basin (Tuscany, Italy) to reduce the water eutrophication and peat degradation caused by almost a century of drainage-based agricultural use. In this paper, we investigated the restoration process occurring consequently to the conversion of a drained area in a natural wetland system (NWS) (the partial top soil removal, the realization of a perimeter levee to contain the waters, the rewetting with the drainage waters coming from the of surrounding cultivated areas) and the capability of the spontaneous vegetation to catch nutrients acting as a vegetation filter. To follow the restoration process over time (2012-2016), we used a mixed approach merging phytosociological surveys with ortophotos taken by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). During the last year of observation (2016), we performed destructive sampling on the most widespread plant communities ...
Italian Journal of Agronomy, 2016
Perennial crops can positively act on the environment providing a better inter-annual protection ... more Perennial crops can positively act on the environment providing a better inter-annual protection of soil cover from water erosion, limiting soil fertility degradation, the risk of nutrient leaching and the exploitation of water for irrigation. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a warm-season grass native from North America, has been cultivated for decades as forage crop and only recently as bioenergy crop. Even if several studies reported a positive effect of nitrogen (N) supply on switchgrass yield and quality, potential indirect and direct environmental risks (e.g., eutrophication and greenhouse gas emission) are related to this practice. For this reason grass-legume intercropping can represent a sustainable practice able to increase biomass yield and quality, and at the same time to improve N use efficiency, soil structure and fertility. Based on this, the aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of switchgrass to Mediterranean environment as forage crop and to improve b...
Italian Journal of Agronomy, 2016
Introducing nitrogen N<sub>2</sub>-fixing crops into cereal-based crop rotations redu... more Introducing nitrogen N<sub>2</sub>-fixing crops into cereal-based crop rotations reduces N-fertiliser use and may mitigate soil emissions of nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O). However, the effect of the cultivation of N<sub>2</sub>-fixing crops on N<sub>2</sub>O emissions is still not well understood. N<sub>2</sub>O from N<sub>2</sub>-fixing crops can be emitted in two ways: during biological N<sub>2</sub> fixation itself and when legume residues are returned to the soil. A field trial was carried out on clover (<em>Trifolium squarrosum</em> Savi) to test the role of leguminous crops on…
Informatore Agrario, 1990
Bioresource Technology, 2016
The present study was aimed at assessing the biotransformation of dark fermented agroindustrial r... more The present study was aimed at assessing the biotransformation of dark fermented agroindustrial residues and energy crops for the production of hydrogen and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), in lab-scale photofermentation. The investigation on novel substrates for photofermentation is needed in order to enlarge the range of sustainable feedstocks. Dark fermentation effluents of ensiled maize, ensiled giant reed, ensiled olive pomace, and wheat bran were inoculated with Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA676, a mutant strain suitable for hydrogen production in ammonium-rich media. The highest hydrogen producing performances were observed in wheat bran and maize effluents (648.6 and 320.3mLL(-1), respectively), both characterized by high initial volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentrations. Giant reed and olive pomace effluents led to poor hydrogen production due to low initial VFAs concentrations, as the original substrates are rich in fiber. The highest PHB content was accumulated in olive pomace effluent (11.53%TS), ascribable to magnesium deficiency.
Bioresource Technology, 2016
Aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of ensiled giant reed, ensiled maize, ensiled o... more Aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of ensiled giant reed, ensiled maize, ensiled olive pomace, wheat bran for combined systems (CS: dark fermentation+anaerobic digestion (AD)) producing hydrogen-rich biogas (biohythane), tested in batch under basic operational conditions (mesophilic temperatures, no pH control). Substrates were also analyzed under a single stage AD batch test, in order to investigate the effects of DF on estimated energy recovery (ER) in combined systems. In CS, maize and wheat bran exhibited the highest hydrogen potential (13.8 and 18.9NLkgVS(-1)) and wheat bran the highest methane potential (243.5NLkgVS(-1)). In one-stage AD, giant reed, maize and wheat bran showed the highest methane production (239.5, 267.3 and 260.0NLkgVS(-1)). Butyrate/acetate ratio properly described the dark fermentation, correlating with hydrogen production (r=0.92). Wheat bran proved to be a promising residue for CS in terms of hydrogen/methane potential and ER.
ABSTRACT Mediterranean terraced landscapes are mainly shaped by agricultural drainage systems. Th... more ABSTRACT Mediterranean terraced landscapes are mainly shaped by agricultural drainage systems. They are increasingly exposed to degradation because their management has been neglected since the 1960s. The aim of this research is to characterize slope-lands drainage systems, at the landscape scale, in a hilly Mediterranean area, in order to define action priorities for their "active conservation". The selected study area covers 62 km2 on the southwest side of Monte Pisano (near Pisa, Tuscany, Italy) mainly dedicated to olive growing. The methodology is GIS-oriented and uses remote-sensing techniques. Main results are new management guidelines for these rural landscapes to ensure their agro-environmental functionalities. See also: http://bit.ly/RIG_MP
Egu General Assembly Conference Abstracts, Apr 1, 2014
Agriculture Ecosystems Environment, 2011
1 Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy, g.defilippis@santannapisa.... more 1 Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy, g.defilippis@santannapisa.it, r.rossetto@santannapisa.it, a.barbagli@santannapisa.it, e.bonari@santannapisa.it, l.ercoli@santannapisa.it 2 TESAF, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy, chiara.marchina@unipd.it 3 TEA SISTEMI S.p.A., Pisa, Italy, iacopo.borsi@tea-group.com 4 Regione Toscana, Italy, giorgio.mazzanti@regione.toscana.it
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soils cause uncertainties within Agricultural LCA. N2O affect... more Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soils cause uncertainties within Agricultural LCA. N2O affects global warming and is estimated with IPCC guidelines, agroecosystem models or direct measurements. CERES-EGC model was used to estimate N2O emissions from faba bean and winter cereals grown in two trials (ICC and CIMAS) with different climates. Model outputs were compared with IPCC estimates. Simulated N2O emission patterns showed emissions can be independent from fertiliser application dates or rates. This was due to soil moisture, rainfall and farming practices. Results showed the IPCC procedure estimated higher annual cereals emissions of 740 g N2O-N ha-1 y-1 than simulation results and a lower estimation of 304 g N2O-N ha-1 y-1 for faba bean. Results revealed inclusion of climate, soil properties and management resulted in major variations of N2O emissions which CERES-EGC was able to capture. Thus, model estimates may increase accuracy of soil GHG emission in Agricultural LCA.
Italian Journal of Agronomy, Sep 16, 2010
Preserving our landscape in sustainable development processes is now widely considered as fundame... more Preserving our landscape in sustainable development processes is now widely considered as fundamental. It is a complex and evolving issue that can be tackled from several perspectives. Agronomy can contribute to analyzing the relationships between agricultural production systems (cropping, farming and agricultural systems) at different levels (field, farm, and region) and the agricultural landscape (in terms of patches, matrixes, dynamics, etc). This is of particular interest where the relationships between “what and ...
Forests
Cropping among trees with perennial legumes is one option for increasing agro-ecosystem services,... more Cropping among trees with perennial legumes is one option for increasing agro-ecosystem services, such as improving the nitrogen supply and increasing soil protection by herbaceous vegetation. Moreover, cropping under the canopy of olive trees should diversify the farm production, compared to the traditional fallow management. Among perennial legumes, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) produces abundant biomass under Mediterranean rainfed condition. Based on this, a two-year field experiment was implemented in southern Tuscany in a rainfed olive orchard to test the competition for light effects on alfalfa biomass production and nutritive value. Light availability under the tree canopy was measured by hemispherical photos. In both years, the alfalfa yield of under-canopy varied according to the tree presence. A significant relationship between biomass production and light availability was recorded. The nutritive value of under-canopy alfalfa was similar to that of the open-grown alfalfa. H...
Journal of environmental management, Jan 15, 2018
A pilot experimental field combining rewetting of reclaimed peaty soils and water phyto-treatment... more A pilot experimental field combining rewetting of reclaimed peaty soils and water phyto-treatment was set up in the Massaciuccoli Lake basin (Tuscany, Italy) to reduce the water eutrophication and peat degradation caused by almost a century of drainage-based agricultural use. In this paper, we investigated the restoration process occurring consequently to the conversion of a drained area in a natural wetland system (NWS) (the partial top soil removal, the realization of a perimeter levee to contain the waters, the rewetting with the drainage waters coming from the of surrounding cultivated areas) and the capability of the spontaneous vegetation to catch nutrients acting as a vegetation filter. To follow the restoration process over time (2012-2016), we used a mixed approach merging phytosociological surveys with ortophotos taken by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). During the last year of observation (2016), we performed destructive sampling on the most widespread plant communities ...
Italian Journal of Agronomy, 2016
Perennial crops can positively act on the environment providing a better inter-annual protection ... more Perennial crops can positively act on the environment providing a better inter-annual protection of soil cover from water erosion, limiting soil fertility degradation, the risk of nutrient leaching and the exploitation of water for irrigation. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a warm-season grass native from North America, has been cultivated for decades as forage crop and only recently as bioenergy crop. Even if several studies reported a positive effect of nitrogen (N) supply on switchgrass yield and quality, potential indirect and direct environmental risks (e.g., eutrophication and greenhouse gas emission) are related to this practice. For this reason grass-legume intercropping can represent a sustainable practice able to increase biomass yield and quality, and at the same time to improve N use efficiency, soil structure and fertility. Based on this, the aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of switchgrass to Mediterranean environment as forage crop and to improve b...
Italian Journal of Agronomy, 2016
Introducing nitrogen N<sub>2</sub>-fixing crops into cereal-based crop rotations redu... more Introducing nitrogen N<sub>2</sub>-fixing crops into cereal-based crop rotations reduces N-fertiliser use and may mitigate soil emissions of nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O). However, the effect of the cultivation of N<sub>2</sub>-fixing crops on N<sub>2</sub>O emissions is still not well understood. N<sub>2</sub>O from N<sub>2</sub>-fixing crops can be emitted in two ways: during biological N<sub>2</sub> fixation itself and when legume residues are returned to the soil. A field trial was carried out on clover (<em>Trifolium squarrosum</em> Savi) to test the role of leguminous crops on…
Informatore Agrario, 1990
Bioresource Technology, 2016
The present study was aimed at assessing the biotransformation of dark fermented agroindustrial r... more The present study was aimed at assessing the biotransformation of dark fermented agroindustrial residues and energy crops for the production of hydrogen and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), in lab-scale photofermentation. The investigation on novel substrates for photofermentation is needed in order to enlarge the range of sustainable feedstocks. Dark fermentation effluents of ensiled maize, ensiled giant reed, ensiled olive pomace, and wheat bran were inoculated with Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA676, a mutant strain suitable for hydrogen production in ammonium-rich media. The highest hydrogen producing performances were observed in wheat bran and maize effluents (648.6 and 320.3mLL(-1), respectively), both characterized by high initial volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentrations. Giant reed and olive pomace effluents led to poor hydrogen production due to low initial VFAs concentrations, as the original substrates are rich in fiber. The highest PHB content was accumulated in olive pomace effluent (11.53%TS), ascribable to magnesium deficiency.
Bioresource Technology, 2016
Aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of ensiled giant reed, ensiled maize, ensiled o... more Aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of ensiled giant reed, ensiled maize, ensiled olive pomace, wheat bran for combined systems (CS: dark fermentation+anaerobic digestion (AD)) producing hydrogen-rich biogas (biohythane), tested in batch under basic operational conditions (mesophilic temperatures, no pH control). Substrates were also analyzed under a single stage AD batch test, in order to investigate the effects of DF on estimated energy recovery (ER) in combined systems. In CS, maize and wheat bran exhibited the highest hydrogen potential (13.8 and 18.9NLkgVS(-1)) and wheat bran the highest methane potential (243.5NLkgVS(-1)). In one-stage AD, giant reed, maize and wheat bran showed the highest methane production (239.5, 267.3 and 260.0NLkgVS(-1)). Butyrate/acetate ratio properly described the dark fermentation, correlating with hydrogen production (r=0.92). Wheat bran proved to be a promising residue for CS in terms of hydrogen/methane potential and ER.
ABSTRACT Mediterranean terraced landscapes are mainly shaped by agricultural drainage systems. Th... more ABSTRACT Mediterranean terraced landscapes are mainly shaped by agricultural drainage systems. They are increasingly exposed to degradation because their management has been neglected since the 1960s. The aim of this research is to characterize slope-lands drainage systems, at the landscape scale, in a hilly Mediterranean area, in order to define action priorities for their "active conservation". The selected study area covers 62 km2 on the southwest side of Monte Pisano (near Pisa, Tuscany, Italy) mainly dedicated to olive growing. The methodology is GIS-oriented and uses remote-sensing techniques. Main results are new management guidelines for these rural landscapes to ensure their agro-environmental functionalities. See also: http://bit.ly/RIG_MP
Egu General Assembly Conference Abstracts, Apr 1, 2014
Agriculture Ecosystems Environment, 2011