Anne-Marie Mohammed | The University of the West Indies at St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago (original) (raw)

Papers by Anne-Marie Mohammed

Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Mar 1, 2018

This paper empirically examines the role of industry characteristics portrayed by information int... more This paper empirically examines the role of industry characteristics portrayed by information intensity of value chain or product in the relationship between the stages of E-commerce development and revenue growth for a large representative sample of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and other entrepreneurs who operate in the United Kingdom. The results indicate that SMEs characterised by (A) high information intensity of value chain or product of industry that (B) have their own business website, a third-party website and/or a social profile, on average more often report increases in revenue growth versus their counterparts in either (A) other industries or that (B) do not have the E-commerce development. However, the likelihood of improved performance does not vary significantly among SMEs which are at different development stages of E-commerce. This finding holds regardless of whether the business is in a high value chain information intensive industry or a product information intensive industry. In short, business performance appears to improve as entrepreneurial organisations adopt information technology to facilitate greater market communication and increased exposure to online shoppers. Furthermore, this is irrespective of the level of sophistication of the interface, the design of the E-commerce technology and the high information intensity types of the industry. To conclude, this paper presents some discussions and recommendations for entrepreneurial research and practice that are implied by the results.

Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Jan 8, 2010

ABSTRACT We investigate whether good governance, measured in terms of the regulatory structure, h... more ABSTRACT We investigate whether good governance, measured in terms of the regulatory structure, has a positive impact on the development of the telecommunications industry in developing countries. To this end we construct a data set on a panel of developing countries with information on the number of mainlines per capita and proxies for certain aspects of regulatory structure argued in the literature to be important for optimum development. Our results indicate that if the regulator is given certain functions with which to carry out telecommunications policy, this can enhance growth, but that there is no similar evidence in terms of operational separation of the regulator from the government. Keywordsgood governance–telecommunications–regulatory structure–developing countries

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, Jul 31, 2017

This paper empirically examines the determinants of owner manager financial selfconfidence. In pa... more This paper empirically examines the determinants of owner manager financial selfconfidence. In particular, it estimates the effect of bank credit rejection and financial education on the financial self-confidence of business owners. Design/methodology/approach This article uses data from 2004 and 2008 surveys of 2500 UK small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). An ordered probit estimation is used to measure and assess the effect of bank credit rejection and financial education variables on financial self-confidence for the two periods. We also explore potential differences in self-confidence between males and females. Findings The results show that outright bank credit rejection reduces financial self-confidence among owner managers whereas partial bank credit rejection is found to help boost confidence prior to the financial crisis. There is strong evidence that financial education increases financial self-confidence. Finally, we find no association between gender and reported self-confidence in finance. Research limitations/implications Entrepreneurs and potential entrepreneurs are encouraged to explore financial literacy and knowledge with a view to increasing their financial self-confidence. This will help SMEs to deal with the banks or other finance providers more efficiently. In addition, better application procedures and information on lending criteria may help SMEs to minimise the probability of bank credit rejection. So the current study has implications for professional bodies as well. The study, however, is restricted to sole proprietor and partnership SMEs and in the UK context only. Practical implications Financial self-confidence has a progressive effect on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial venture growth. The financial self-confidence of owner managers can support their entrepreneurial capability in starting and operating one or more businesses. As entrepreneurs successfully start and operate their own businesses, they are contributing to economic development through job creation, employment and tax contribution. Originality/value This paper makes an original contribution in highlighting the usefulness of financial education in boosting financial self-confidence among entrepreneurs and potential entrepreneurs. It is also found that the experience of bank credit rejection reduces entrepreneurs' financial self-confidence.

Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Jun 17, 2021

International Journal of Information Management, Jun 1, 2020

Journal of Business Research, Nov 1, 2021

To eradicate poverty, governments across developing countries have adopted programs to promote bu... more To eradicate poverty, governments across developing countries have adopted programs to promote business ownership, with varying levels of success. The mixed success of such programs underscores the importance of local business and economic conditions. Yet, empirical evidence on how local context shapes outcomes of entrepreneurship-focused poverty initiatives is sparse. In this paper, we use data from the 2015 Smallholder Survey to examine the impact of farming as a business (agribusiness) and nonfarm entrepreneurship (NFE) on household income and economic well-being in Uganda. We find that, in comparison to

Journal of organizational effectiveness, Dec 5, 2017

Drawing on motivation theory and family business literature, we investigate the influence of fami... more Drawing on motivation theory and family business literature, we investigate the influence of family effect in growth behavior of small-and-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the UK. Design/methodology/approach We first compare the actual and expected growth of family and non-familyowned SMEs. We then compare the growth behaviour of small family firms managed by owner-directors and small family businesses co-managed by family and non-family directors with the non-family-owned SMEs. Findings We find a negative effect of family ownership on actual and intended small business growth behaviors. In addition, our findings also suggest that small family firms co-managed by non-family and family directors are no different from non-family owned firms, in terms of reporting past actual growth in employment size and turnover as well as expecting growth in workforce size and turnover. We also observe a significant difference in anticipating sales growth between family-controlled and non-family-controlled firms. However, this difference is not explained by the heterogeneity of a top management team. Practical implications The study has important implications for managerial practice to family firms and on policies that improve the growth of SMEs. Specifically, the competence of managers and decision-makers matters considerably in evaluating the efficient operation of the business and maximising economic growth in SMEs. Originality/value The study makes two important theoretical contributions to small business growth literature. Firstly, our findings underline a negative family effect in the actual and expected growth behaviour of SMEs. Secondly, the mode of family ownership alone may not sufficiently capture family effect and offer a thorough understanding of growth behaviour in SMEs.

British Journal of Management

This paper offers a more nuanced analysis of employee promotion decisions; specifically, how they... more This paper offers a more nuanced analysis of employee promotion decisions; specifically, how they are affected by firm size, gender and stages within the business cycle. Drawing on data from Portugal, we find that during times of adverse macroeconomic conditions, promotion prospects in all firms decline. Within large firms, women are more likely to be promoted during economic downturns, reflecting the ‘glass cliff’ hypothesis. In small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs), overall promotion rates are less affected by adverse economic conditions, however, women are less likely to attain promotions. Our results emphasize the importance of market volatility and firm heterogeneity in promotion and importantly, reveal differing forms of gender discrimination. In large firms women are, in effect, afforded greater responsibility for the effects of market volatility whilst SMEs invest more confidence in male employees to manage during crises.

This paper uses micro-level data from the Survey of Living Conditions (2005) to examine an ongoin... more This paper uses micro-level data from the Survey of Living Conditions (2005) to examine an ongoing research question related to whether the victims of crime fear crime more than non-victims. To a lesser extent, we also explore some of the social and economic factors that impacts on an individual's fear of crime through the use of probit models. Our results indicate that people's fear of crime does appear to reflect whether they themselves were victims of crime. However, we go beyond the existing literature to suggest that victimization matters when individuals did not report the crime to the police or reported it but action was not taken. Thus, our study has direct policy implications on the role of the police effectiveness in reducing fear of crime.

Encyclopedia of Law and Economics

Journal of Business Research, 2021

Abstract To eradicate poverty, governments across developing countries have adopted programs to p... more Abstract To eradicate poverty, governments across developing countries have adopted programs to promote business ownership, with varying levels of success. The mixed success of such programs underscores the importance of local business and economic conditions. Yet, empirical evidence on how local context shapes outcomes of entrepreneurship-focused poverty initiatives is sparse. In this paper, we use data from the 2015 Smallholder Survey to examine the impact of farming as a business (agribusiness) and nonfarm entrepreneurship (NFE) on household income and economic well-being in Uganda. We find that, in comparison to subsistence farming, engaging in agribusiness and NFE boosts household income and economic well-being, especially in rural areas with high poverty rates. Our research contributes to the literature by offering new evidence on the efficacy of entrepreneurial initiatives in the specific context of a developing country with a large rural and agricultural economy. In terms of policy, our analysis provides support for the promotion of agribusiness and NFE initiatives to reduce poverty and overcome disparities between urban and rural settings.

Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 2021

PurposeThis article examines access to finance for SMEs in the Baltic States and the South Caucas... more PurposeThis article examines access to finance for SMEs in the Baltic States and the South Caucasus countries following the financial crisis of 2007 and is set within the context of the rule of law for businesses.Design/methodology/approachThe article uses the cross-sectional dataset from the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) for 2009 to examine access to finance for SMEs and the court system in the Baltic States and the South Caucasus countries. An ordered probit estimation technique is used to model access to finance and the court system in the Baltic States and the South Caucasus countries. The analysis draws upon institutional theory to explain access to finance for SMEs.FindingsThe results show variations from one Baltic State and South Caucasus country to another in relation to fairness, speed of justice and enforcement of court decisions. The analysis suggests that if access to finance is not an obstacle to business operations and the court system...

This chapter discusses the risk and compliance challenges arising from the growing use of informa... more This chapter discusses the risk and compliance challenges arising from the growing use of information and communication technologies by firms, in particular small- and medium-sized enterprises. It argues that firms utilize technological advancements to make business transactions quicker and more efficient and enable globalization by relying on the Internet as a strategic tool. It further demonstrates that by so doing, it in turn allows for cyber security threats, which may lead to financial losses and damaged reputations.