Brigid Daniel | University of Stirling (original) (raw)
Papers by Brigid Daniel
Social Policy and Society, 2010
This paper explores the concepts of adversity, risk, vulnerability and resilience in the context ... more This paper explores the concepts of adversity, risk, vulnerability and resilience in the context of child protection systems with the aim of contributing to the debate about the ways in which risk of 'harm' and 'abuse' are conceptualised at different stages of the lifespan and in relation to different groups of people. The recent developments in the policy and legislative framework for state intervention on behalf of children in the UK are described and linked with an exploration of the underlying assumptions about abuse and neglect. Concepts of adversity, risk, vulnerability and resilience and the ways in which the complexity of the routes and pathways to 'harm' pose a challenge to the current UK state protective system are discussed.
Qualitative Social Work, 2003
Child & Family Social Work, 2012
... Trish Walsh Index ... She is the author of Mothers Surviving Child Sexual Abuse (Routledge, 1... more ... Trish Walsh Index ... She is the author of Mothers Surviving Child Sexual Abuse (Routledge, 1992), co-editor with Una McCluskey ofPsychodynamic Perspectives on Abuse (Jessica Kingsley, 2000) and co-author with Sarah Gorin, Christie Cabral and Claire Dyson of Living with ...
Child Abuse Review, 2013
ABSTRACT The experience of chronic neglect is extremely harmful to children's physical, e... more ABSTRACT The experience of chronic neglect is extremely harmful to children's physical, emotional, cognitive and behavioural development. As an area of research it has been traditionally described as neglected, and as an arena of practice it is viewed as complex and intractable. Over the last few decades, however, there has been a body of evidence building up to help with the understanding of the impact of neglect upon children and to guide intervention. This paper draws on experience as a researcher in the field to present some thoughts on our current understanding of neglect, and how we can move forward with more appropriate responses. It argues that existing evidence is not being used to best effect and that current protective systems, like those in the UK, are still struggling to provide an effective response to neglected children. The language of neglect has become over-complicated and the systems and processes for assessment, planning and intervention are mired in bureaucracy. Some of these complexities are explored in more detail and a model is proposed that would support a more direct and straightforward response to children whose needs are not being met. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.‘current protective systems’‘are still struggling to provide an effective response to neglected children’ Key Practitioner MessagesAgencies and practitioners need to avoid being driven into developing complex responses by the complexity of neglect as a phenomenon.Separate ‘child protection’ and ‘family support/child in need’ pathways are not helpful for neglected children.In relation to a neglected child, practitioners can consider what the child needs and what they need people to think about and do on their behalf.
Contextual studies……………………………………………………………………8 Strand A: The processes used to set up and manage t... more Contextual studies……………………………………………………………………8 Strand A: The processes used to set up and manage the CPRP…………..10 Strand B: The impact of the CPRP on policy and practice…………………..11 FINDINGS……………………………………………………………………………..13 Contextual studies………………………………………………………………….13 Strand A: The processes used to set up and manage the CPRP…………..20 Strand B: The impact of the CPRP on policy and practice………………….51 DISCUSSION………………………………………………………………………...77 How the CPRP was planned and implemented……………………………….77 The aims in planning the programme in this particular way……………….80 Whether or not the process was successful………………………………….83 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………..87 REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………89 APPENDICES……………………………………………………………………….90 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Background In 2003 the First Minister launched the Child Protection Reform Programme (CPRP) -a three-year initiative with the goal of improving protection of children at risk of neglect and abuse and reducing the number of children who need protection. A process review of the CPRP was carried out by Dundee University's Centre for Child Care and Protection and Barnardo's Scotland Research and Development Team, with the aim to investigate:
Systematic reviews, 2015
Child health and wellbeing is influenced by multiple factors, all of which can impact on early ch... more Child health and wellbeing is influenced by multiple factors, all of which can impact on early childhood development. Adverse early life experiences can have lasting effects across the life course, sustaining inequalities and resulting in negative consequences for the health and wellbeing of individuals and society. The potential to influence future outcomes via early intervention is widely accepted; there are numerous policy initiatives, programmes and interventions clustered around the early years theme, resulting in a broad and disparate evidence base. Existing reviews have addressed the effectiveness of early years interventions, yet there is a knowledge gap regarding the mechanisms underlying why interventions work in given contexts. This realist review seeks to address the question 'what works, for whom and in what circumstances?' in terms of early years interventions to improve child health and wellbeing. The review will be conducted following Pawson's five-stage ...
Child Abuse Review, 2014
This paper sets out the messages from Action on Neglect, an Economic and Social Research Council ... more This paper sets out the messages from Action on Neglect, an Economic and Social Research Council Follow on Fund-sponsored project which ran from April 2011 to the end of March 2012 in England. Undertaken by a small team of researchers and practitioners from the universities of Stirling and Dundee and the national charity Action for Children, it was a follow-up to a literature review produced as part of the Safeguarding Children Across Services Research Initiative.
The Journal of Adult Protection, 2013
Thistle Foundation. The drama worker was Gavin Crichton of Active Inquiry. The graphic designer f... more Thistle Foundation. The drama worker was Gavin Crichton of Active Inquiry. The graphic designer for the tools shown in the figures was Lizzie Cameron. Particular thanks are also due to Stephen Finlayson, Fiona McConnell and Diana Noel-Paton of the Thistle Foundation. The project was funded by the Big Lottery Fund and hosted by the Thistle Foundation on behalf of Altrum.
Handbuch Resilienzförderung, 2011
ABSTRACT Es besteht intensives Interesse an Resilienz als Konzept zur Interventionssteuerung bei ... more ABSTRACT Es besteht intensives Interesse an Resilienz als Konzept zur Interventionssteuerung bei Kindern, die durch sch wierige Lebensumstände gehen mussten oder bei denen erkennbar die Persönlich keitsentwick lung gefährdet ist. Luthars (1999) Rück blick auf fünf Jahrzehnte Resilienzforsch ung und ihre Synthese der Ergebnisse zeigen, dass heute weniger die Frage, was überhaupt Resilienz ist, im Vordergrund steht, sondern eher die Sich erung inzwisch en gewonnener Erkenntnisse, die sich zum Nutzen missbrauch ter und vernach lässigter Kinder praktisch einsetzen lassen.
British Journal of Social Work, 2013
Social Policy and Society, 2010
The literature is reviewed: (a) comparing models of abuse and protection applied at each stage of... more The literature is reviewed: (a) comparing models of abuse and protection applied at each stage of the lifespan; and (b) exploring abuse and protection issues with respect to individuals over time. A paucity of comparative and lifespan work in the field of abuse and protection is reported. Within the available literature, different types of knowledge are drawn upon and contrasted definitions of 'abuse' and 'protection' employed. Accordingly, the most significant findings of the review are in the dissonances and the gaps surrounding the substantive findings. Examples are presented to demonstrate this, while new directions for discussion and research are proposed.
Social Policy and Society, 2010
School Psychology International, 2007
ABSTRACT This article considers links between self-esteem and resilience, and suggests implicatio... more ABSTRACT This article considers links between self-esteem and resilience, and suggests implications for teachers and schools. A two-dimensional model of self-esteem is employed as a theoretical framework to revisit a range of factors frequently associated with internal resilience. It is argued that because of the way in which self-referent characteristics have been conceptualized in the past, the links between self-esteem and resilience may have been underestimated. Following discussion of the theoretical issues, suggestions are made about to how this model of self-esteem can provide schools with a conceptual framework to help inform resilience-based approaches to support vulnerable children.
Practice, 2012
ABSTRACT http://www.jkp.com/catalogue/book/9781849050937
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2000
Within child care and protection, practitioners can be paralysed by a fundamental gap between the... more Within child care and protection, practitioners can be paralysed by a fundamental gap between the rhetoric and the reality in engaging fathers in their children's care. In an earlier paper we argued that there is a lack of an effective framework to guide practice with fathers in child care and protection work. We examined how health visitors and social workers could begin to assess how fathers could be categorized as either (or both) a risk or an asset to the child. Based on a review of the literature we now explore the limitations of current models of practice and trace the theoretical strands that influence them, drawing from the legal framework, attachment theory and models for anti-oppressive practice. We then highlight messages for practice with fathers for health care professionals involved in child protection. The working context for this paper is Scotland, although we believe that the ideas may be extrapolated to other geographical areas.
Child & Family Social Work, 2010
Social Policy and Society, 2010
This paper explores the concepts of adversity, risk, vulnerability and resilience in the context ... more This paper explores the concepts of adversity, risk, vulnerability and resilience in the context of child protection systems with the aim of contributing to the debate about the ways in which risk of 'harm' and 'abuse' are conceptualised at different stages of the lifespan and in relation to different groups of people. The recent developments in the policy and legislative framework for state intervention on behalf of children in the UK are described and linked with an exploration of the underlying assumptions about abuse and neglect. Concepts of adversity, risk, vulnerability and resilience and the ways in which the complexity of the routes and pathways to 'harm' pose a challenge to the current UK state protective system are discussed.
Qualitative Social Work, 2003
Child & Family Social Work, 2012
... Trish Walsh Index ... She is the author of Mothers Surviving Child Sexual Abuse (Routledge, 1... more ... Trish Walsh Index ... She is the author of Mothers Surviving Child Sexual Abuse (Routledge, 1992), co-editor with Una McCluskey ofPsychodynamic Perspectives on Abuse (Jessica Kingsley, 2000) and co-author with Sarah Gorin, Christie Cabral and Claire Dyson of Living with ...
Child Abuse Review, 2013
ABSTRACT The experience of chronic neglect is extremely harmful to children's physical, e... more ABSTRACT The experience of chronic neglect is extremely harmful to children's physical, emotional, cognitive and behavioural development. As an area of research it has been traditionally described as neglected, and as an arena of practice it is viewed as complex and intractable. Over the last few decades, however, there has been a body of evidence building up to help with the understanding of the impact of neglect upon children and to guide intervention. This paper draws on experience as a researcher in the field to present some thoughts on our current understanding of neglect, and how we can move forward with more appropriate responses. It argues that existing evidence is not being used to best effect and that current protective systems, like those in the UK, are still struggling to provide an effective response to neglected children. The language of neglect has become over-complicated and the systems and processes for assessment, planning and intervention are mired in bureaucracy. Some of these complexities are explored in more detail and a model is proposed that would support a more direct and straightforward response to children whose needs are not being met. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.‘current protective systems’‘are still struggling to provide an effective response to neglected children’ Key Practitioner MessagesAgencies and practitioners need to avoid being driven into developing complex responses by the complexity of neglect as a phenomenon.Separate ‘child protection’ and ‘family support/child in need’ pathways are not helpful for neglected children.In relation to a neglected child, practitioners can consider what the child needs and what they need people to think about and do on their behalf.
Contextual studies……………………………………………………………………8 Strand A: The processes used to set up and manage t... more Contextual studies……………………………………………………………………8 Strand A: The processes used to set up and manage the CPRP…………..10 Strand B: The impact of the CPRP on policy and practice…………………..11 FINDINGS……………………………………………………………………………..13 Contextual studies………………………………………………………………….13 Strand A: The processes used to set up and manage the CPRP…………..20 Strand B: The impact of the CPRP on policy and practice………………….51 DISCUSSION………………………………………………………………………...77 How the CPRP was planned and implemented……………………………….77 The aims in planning the programme in this particular way……………….80 Whether or not the process was successful………………………………….83 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………..87 REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………89 APPENDICES……………………………………………………………………….90 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Background In 2003 the First Minister launched the Child Protection Reform Programme (CPRP) -a three-year initiative with the goal of improving protection of children at risk of neglect and abuse and reducing the number of children who need protection. A process review of the CPRP was carried out by Dundee University's Centre for Child Care and Protection and Barnardo's Scotland Research and Development Team, with the aim to investigate:
Systematic reviews, 2015
Child health and wellbeing is influenced by multiple factors, all of which can impact on early ch... more Child health and wellbeing is influenced by multiple factors, all of which can impact on early childhood development. Adverse early life experiences can have lasting effects across the life course, sustaining inequalities and resulting in negative consequences for the health and wellbeing of individuals and society. The potential to influence future outcomes via early intervention is widely accepted; there are numerous policy initiatives, programmes and interventions clustered around the early years theme, resulting in a broad and disparate evidence base. Existing reviews have addressed the effectiveness of early years interventions, yet there is a knowledge gap regarding the mechanisms underlying why interventions work in given contexts. This realist review seeks to address the question 'what works, for whom and in what circumstances?' in terms of early years interventions to improve child health and wellbeing. The review will be conducted following Pawson's five-stage ...
Child Abuse Review, 2014
This paper sets out the messages from Action on Neglect, an Economic and Social Research Council ... more This paper sets out the messages from Action on Neglect, an Economic and Social Research Council Follow on Fund-sponsored project which ran from April 2011 to the end of March 2012 in England. Undertaken by a small team of researchers and practitioners from the universities of Stirling and Dundee and the national charity Action for Children, it was a follow-up to a literature review produced as part of the Safeguarding Children Across Services Research Initiative.
The Journal of Adult Protection, 2013
Thistle Foundation. The drama worker was Gavin Crichton of Active Inquiry. The graphic designer f... more Thistle Foundation. The drama worker was Gavin Crichton of Active Inquiry. The graphic designer for the tools shown in the figures was Lizzie Cameron. Particular thanks are also due to Stephen Finlayson, Fiona McConnell and Diana Noel-Paton of the Thistle Foundation. The project was funded by the Big Lottery Fund and hosted by the Thistle Foundation on behalf of Altrum.
Handbuch Resilienzförderung, 2011
ABSTRACT Es besteht intensives Interesse an Resilienz als Konzept zur Interventionssteuerung bei ... more ABSTRACT Es besteht intensives Interesse an Resilienz als Konzept zur Interventionssteuerung bei Kindern, die durch sch wierige Lebensumstände gehen mussten oder bei denen erkennbar die Persönlich keitsentwick lung gefährdet ist. Luthars (1999) Rück blick auf fünf Jahrzehnte Resilienzforsch ung und ihre Synthese der Ergebnisse zeigen, dass heute weniger die Frage, was überhaupt Resilienz ist, im Vordergrund steht, sondern eher die Sich erung inzwisch en gewonnener Erkenntnisse, die sich zum Nutzen missbrauch ter und vernach lässigter Kinder praktisch einsetzen lassen.
British Journal of Social Work, 2013
Social Policy and Society, 2010
The literature is reviewed: (a) comparing models of abuse and protection applied at each stage of... more The literature is reviewed: (a) comparing models of abuse and protection applied at each stage of the lifespan; and (b) exploring abuse and protection issues with respect to individuals over time. A paucity of comparative and lifespan work in the field of abuse and protection is reported. Within the available literature, different types of knowledge are drawn upon and contrasted definitions of 'abuse' and 'protection' employed. Accordingly, the most significant findings of the review are in the dissonances and the gaps surrounding the substantive findings. Examples are presented to demonstrate this, while new directions for discussion and research are proposed.
Social Policy and Society, 2010
School Psychology International, 2007
ABSTRACT This article considers links between self-esteem and resilience, and suggests implicatio... more ABSTRACT This article considers links between self-esteem and resilience, and suggests implications for teachers and schools. A two-dimensional model of self-esteem is employed as a theoretical framework to revisit a range of factors frequently associated with internal resilience. It is argued that because of the way in which self-referent characteristics have been conceptualized in the past, the links between self-esteem and resilience may have been underestimated. Following discussion of the theoretical issues, suggestions are made about to how this model of self-esteem can provide schools with a conceptual framework to help inform resilience-based approaches to support vulnerable children.
Practice, 2012
ABSTRACT http://www.jkp.com/catalogue/book/9781849050937
Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2000
Within child care and protection, practitioners can be paralysed by a fundamental gap between the... more Within child care and protection, practitioners can be paralysed by a fundamental gap between the rhetoric and the reality in engaging fathers in their children's care. In an earlier paper we argued that there is a lack of an effective framework to guide practice with fathers in child care and protection work. We examined how health visitors and social workers could begin to assess how fathers could be categorized as either (or both) a risk or an asset to the child. Based on a review of the literature we now explore the limitations of current models of practice and trace the theoretical strands that influence them, drawing from the legal framework, attachment theory and models for anti-oppressive practice. We then highlight messages for practice with fathers for health care professionals involved in child protection. The working context for this paper is Scotland, although we believe that the ideas may be extrapolated to other geographical areas.
Child & Family Social Work, 2010