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Research paper thumbnail of Rotavirus vaccine clinical trials: a cross-sectional analysis of clinical trials registries

Trials

Background Rotavirus is a primary infectious virus causing childhood diarrhoea and is associated ... more Background Rotavirus is a primary infectious virus causing childhood diarrhoea and is associated with significant mortality in children. Three African countries (Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Angola) are among the five countries that account for 50% of all diarrheal-related deaths worldwide. This indicates that much needs to be done to reduce this burden. The World Health Organization International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP) is a global repository for primary registries reporting on clinical trials. This study aimed to identify and describe planned, ongoing, and completed rotavirus vaccine trials conducted globally. Methods We searched WHO-ICTRP on 17 June 2021 and conducted a cross-sectional analysis of rotavirus studies listed in the database. Data extraction included trial location, participant age, source of the trial record, trial phase, sponsor, and availability of results. We used the Microsoft Excel 365 package to generate descriptive summa...

Research paper thumbnail of Mapping the evidence-base of adolescent and adult vaccination in Africa: A slow but growing trend

Journal of vaccines and immunology, Sep 6, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Mobile phone text messaging for promoting adherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment: a systematic review

BMC Infectious Diseases, Dec 1, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Systematic review and meta-analysis of myocarditis and pericarditis in adolescents following COVID-19 BNT162b2 vaccination

npj vaccines, Jun 9, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Healthcare workers’ adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines for respiratory infectious diseases (a rapid qualitative evidence synthesis)

South African Medical Journal, Jun 2, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Protocol for a systematic review of the effects of interventions for vaccine stock management

Systematic Reviews, Jan 8, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical trial registration during COVID-19 and beyond in the African context: what have we learned?

Research paper thumbnail of Improving vaccination uptake among adolescents

The Cochrane library, Jan 17, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Social media and vaccine hesitancy

BMJ Global Health, Oct 1, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Enhancing capacity of professionals and academics for vaccines and immunization in Africa : the 3rd Regional Vaccinology Course for Francophone Countries, Mbour, Senegal, 12th-19thseptember 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy

Nature Medicine, Jul 16, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of The use of artificial intelligence for delivery of essential health services across WHO regions: a scoping review

Frontiers in Public Health

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) is a broad outlet of computer science aimed at constructin... more BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) is a broad outlet of computer science aimed at constructing machines capable of simulating and performing tasks usually done by human beings. The aim of this scoping review is to map existing evidence on the use of AI in the delivery of medical care.MethodsWe searched PubMed and Scopus in March 2022, screened identified records for eligibility, assessed full texts of potentially eligible publications, and extracted data from included studies in duplicate, resolving differences through discussion, arbitration, and consensus. We then conducted a narrative synthesis of extracted data.ResultsSeveral AI methods have been used to detect, diagnose, classify, manage, treat, and monitor the prognosis of various health issues. These AI models have been used in various health conditions, including communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, and mental health.ConclusionsPresently available evidence shows that AI models, predominantly deep learning, a...

Research paper thumbnail of Do mass media interventions increase uptake of HIV testing?

Low uptake of HIV testing is one of the main reasons why only one third of people who need antire... more Low uptake of HIV testing is one of the main reasons why only one third of people who need antiretroviral medications are currently receiving treatment worldwide. Mass media are sometimes used to promote voluntary HIV counseling and testing and to sustain test seeking behavior. Mass media include television, radio, internet, newspapers, books, posters, and billboards.

Research paper thumbnail of Reporting of health equity considerations in equity-relevant observational studies: Protocol for a systematic assessment

F1000Research

Background: The mitigation of unfair and avoidable differences in health is an increasing global ... more Background: The mitigation of unfair and avoidable differences in health is an increasing global priority. Observational studies including cohort, cross-sectional and case-control studies tend to report social determinants of health which could inform evidence syntheses on health equity and social justice. However, the extent of reporting and analysis of equity in equity-relevant observational studies is unknown. Methods: We define studies which report outcomes for populations at risk of experiencing inequities as “equity-relevant”. Using a random sampling technique we will identify 320 equity-relevant observational studies published between 1 January 2020 to 27 April 2022 by searching the MEDLINE database. We will stratify sampling by 1) studies in high-income countries (HIC) and low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) according to the World Bank classification, 2) studies focused on COVID and those which are not, 3) studies focused on populations at risk of experiencing inequities...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of COVID-19 pandemic responses in African countries: thematic synthesis of WHO intra-action review reports

BMJ Open

ObjectivesWe conducted a review of intra-action review (IAR) reports of the national response to ... more ObjectivesWe conducted a review of intra-action review (IAR) reports of the national response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa. We highlight best practices and challenges and offer perspectives for the future.DesignA thematic analysis across 10 preparedness and response domains, namely, governance, leadership, and coordination; planning and monitoring; risk communication and community engagement; surveillance, rapid response, and case investigation; infection prevention and control; case management; screening and monitoring at points of entry; national laboratory system; logistics and supply chain management; and maintaining essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic.SettingAll countries in the WHO African Region were eligible for inclusion in the study. National IAR reports submitted by March 2021 were analysed.ResultsWe retrieved IAR reports from 18 African countries. The COVID-19 pandemic response in African countries has relied on many existing response systems suc...

Research paper thumbnail of The burden of meningococcal meningitis in the African Meningitis Belt, from 2009 to 2014: a trend analysis

Pan African Medical Journal, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic

Research paper thumbnail of Estimating vaccine confidence levels among healthcare students and staff of a tertiary institution in South Africa: protocol of a cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open, 2021

IntroductionThe outbreak of novel COVID-19 caught the world off guard in the first quarter of 202... more IntroductionThe outbreak of novel COVID-19 caught the world off guard in the first quarter of 2020. To stem the tide of this pandemic, there was acceleration of the development, testing and prelicensure approval for emergency use of some COVID-19 vaccine candidates. This led to raised public concern about their safety and efficacy, compounding the challenges of vaccine hesitancy. The onus of managing and administering these vaccines to a sceptical populace when they do become available rests mostly on the shoulders of healthcare workers (HCWs). Therefore, the vaccine confidence levels of HCWs become critical to the success of vaccination endeavours. This proposed study aims to estimate the level of vaccine confidence and the intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine among future HCWs and their trainers at a specific university in Cape Town, South Africa, and to identify any vaccination concerns early for targeted intervention.Methods and analysisThis proposed study is a cross-sectiona...

Research paper thumbnail of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: the five Cs to tackle behavioural and sociodemographic factors

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Implementing COVID-19 response within the context of the broader health system: a proposed framework for Africa´s policy makers

Pan African Medical Journal, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Rotavirus vaccine clinical trials: a cross-sectional analysis of clinical trials registries

Trials

Background Rotavirus is a primary infectious virus causing childhood diarrhoea and is associated ... more Background Rotavirus is a primary infectious virus causing childhood diarrhoea and is associated with significant mortality in children. Three African countries (Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Angola) are among the five countries that account for 50% of all diarrheal-related deaths worldwide. This indicates that much needs to be done to reduce this burden. The World Health Organization International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP) is a global repository for primary registries reporting on clinical trials. This study aimed to identify and describe planned, ongoing, and completed rotavirus vaccine trials conducted globally. Methods We searched WHO-ICTRP on 17 June 2021 and conducted a cross-sectional analysis of rotavirus studies listed in the database. Data extraction included trial location, participant age, source of the trial record, trial phase, sponsor, and availability of results. We used the Microsoft Excel 365 package to generate descriptive summa...

Research paper thumbnail of Mapping the evidence-base of adolescent and adult vaccination in Africa: A slow but growing trend

Journal of vaccines and immunology, Sep 6, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Mobile phone text messaging for promoting adherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment: a systematic review

BMC Infectious Diseases, Dec 1, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Systematic review and meta-analysis of myocarditis and pericarditis in adolescents following COVID-19 BNT162b2 vaccination

npj vaccines, Jun 9, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Healthcare workers’ adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines for respiratory infectious diseases (a rapid qualitative evidence synthesis)

South African Medical Journal, Jun 2, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Protocol for a systematic review of the effects of interventions for vaccine stock management

Systematic Reviews, Jan 8, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical trial registration during COVID-19 and beyond in the African context: what have we learned?

Research paper thumbnail of Improving vaccination uptake among adolescents

The Cochrane library, Jan 17, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Social media and vaccine hesitancy

BMJ Global Health, Oct 1, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Enhancing capacity of professionals and academics for vaccines and immunization in Africa : the 3rd Regional Vaccinology Course for Francophone Countries, Mbour, Senegal, 12th-19thseptember 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy

Nature Medicine, Jul 16, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of The use of artificial intelligence for delivery of essential health services across WHO regions: a scoping review

Frontiers in Public Health

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) is a broad outlet of computer science aimed at constructin... more BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) is a broad outlet of computer science aimed at constructing machines capable of simulating and performing tasks usually done by human beings. The aim of this scoping review is to map existing evidence on the use of AI in the delivery of medical care.MethodsWe searched PubMed and Scopus in March 2022, screened identified records for eligibility, assessed full texts of potentially eligible publications, and extracted data from included studies in duplicate, resolving differences through discussion, arbitration, and consensus. We then conducted a narrative synthesis of extracted data.ResultsSeveral AI methods have been used to detect, diagnose, classify, manage, treat, and monitor the prognosis of various health issues. These AI models have been used in various health conditions, including communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, and mental health.ConclusionsPresently available evidence shows that AI models, predominantly deep learning, a...

Research paper thumbnail of Do mass media interventions increase uptake of HIV testing?

Low uptake of HIV testing is one of the main reasons why only one third of people who need antire... more Low uptake of HIV testing is one of the main reasons why only one third of people who need antiretroviral medications are currently receiving treatment worldwide. Mass media are sometimes used to promote voluntary HIV counseling and testing and to sustain test seeking behavior. Mass media include television, radio, internet, newspapers, books, posters, and billboards.

Research paper thumbnail of Reporting of health equity considerations in equity-relevant observational studies: Protocol for a systematic assessment

F1000Research

Background: The mitigation of unfair and avoidable differences in health is an increasing global ... more Background: The mitigation of unfair and avoidable differences in health is an increasing global priority. Observational studies including cohort, cross-sectional and case-control studies tend to report social determinants of health which could inform evidence syntheses on health equity and social justice. However, the extent of reporting and analysis of equity in equity-relevant observational studies is unknown. Methods: We define studies which report outcomes for populations at risk of experiencing inequities as “equity-relevant”. Using a random sampling technique we will identify 320 equity-relevant observational studies published between 1 January 2020 to 27 April 2022 by searching the MEDLINE database. We will stratify sampling by 1) studies in high-income countries (HIC) and low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) according to the World Bank classification, 2) studies focused on COVID and those which are not, 3) studies focused on populations at risk of experiencing inequities...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of COVID-19 pandemic responses in African countries: thematic synthesis of WHO intra-action review reports

BMJ Open

ObjectivesWe conducted a review of intra-action review (IAR) reports of the national response to ... more ObjectivesWe conducted a review of intra-action review (IAR) reports of the national response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa. We highlight best practices and challenges and offer perspectives for the future.DesignA thematic analysis across 10 preparedness and response domains, namely, governance, leadership, and coordination; planning and monitoring; risk communication and community engagement; surveillance, rapid response, and case investigation; infection prevention and control; case management; screening and monitoring at points of entry; national laboratory system; logistics and supply chain management; and maintaining essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic.SettingAll countries in the WHO African Region were eligible for inclusion in the study. National IAR reports submitted by March 2021 were analysed.ResultsWe retrieved IAR reports from 18 African countries. The COVID-19 pandemic response in African countries has relied on many existing response systems suc...

Research paper thumbnail of The burden of meningococcal meningitis in the African Meningitis Belt, from 2009 to 2014: a trend analysis

Pan African Medical Journal, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic

Research paper thumbnail of Estimating vaccine confidence levels among healthcare students and staff of a tertiary institution in South Africa: protocol of a cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open, 2021

IntroductionThe outbreak of novel COVID-19 caught the world off guard in the first quarter of 202... more IntroductionThe outbreak of novel COVID-19 caught the world off guard in the first quarter of 2020. To stem the tide of this pandemic, there was acceleration of the development, testing and prelicensure approval for emergency use of some COVID-19 vaccine candidates. This led to raised public concern about their safety and efficacy, compounding the challenges of vaccine hesitancy. The onus of managing and administering these vaccines to a sceptical populace when they do become available rests mostly on the shoulders of healthcare workers (HCWs). Therefore, the vaccine confidence levels of HCWs become critical to the success of vaccination endeavours. This proposed study aims to estimate the level of vaccine confidence and the intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine among future HCWs and their trainers at a specific university in Cape Town, South Africa, and to identify any vaccination concerns early for targeted intervention.Methods and analysisThis proposed study is a cross-sectiona...

Research paper thumbnail of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: the five Cs to tackle behavioural and sociodemographic factors

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Implementing COVID-19 response within the context of the broader health system: a proposed framework for Africa´s policy makers

Pan African Medical Journal, 2020