ERNST R WENDLAND | Stellenbosch University (original) (raw)

Papers by ERNST R WENDLAND

Current listing as of August 1, 2024

Journal of Translation 20:2, 2024

Journal of Language, Culture, and Religion 5, 2024

Abstract: This article has been composed in the form of a more expansive review of How We Read th... more Abstract: This article has been composed in the form of a more expansive review of How We Read the Bible. The purpose is not only to provide a more detailed summary of its contents but also to engage more fully and directly with some of the Authors' assertions and conclusions. This book offers a valuable new perspective, namely, that of cognitive linguistics, on various important aspects of biblical analysis and interpretation. But when studying through the text, I periodically noted another way of under-standing the material being discussed. I have presented that below as an alternative hermeneutical option, which should itself be critically evaluated by readers for accuracy and relevance, with careful reference also to the foundational Scriptures.

Prophetic Rhetoric, ch. 12, 2014

A Literary-Rhetorical Analysis of a Proclamatory Prophetic Text

Expanded version, May 2024

A shorter version of this paper is being processed for publication.

Conspectus 35, 2023

To “theologize,” that is, to engage in theological reasoning and exposition when composing oral, ... more To “theologize,” that is, to engage in theological reasoning
and exposition when composing oral, written, or multimodal
discourse, has been applied continually in Africa ever since
the Bible was first introduced to this continent. Whenever
God’s Word is conveyed in another language and cultural
setting, the existential theological barrier must be broken as
important scriptural notions and entire propositions must
inevitably be reconceptualized semantically and frequently
also reconfigured grammatically to be communicated. The
focus of the present paper is the crucial activity of Bible
translation and the various ways in which those involved in
such a multifaceted endeavor always engage in theologizing,
to one degree or another, while carrying out their work. This
article focuses specifically on the New Testament Study Bible
in Chichewa (2017 Bible Society of Malawi).
The importance of preparing such locally contextualized,
scripturally accurate, and linguistically idiomatic study Bibles is
demonstrated through manifold exemplification to be
an indispensable means of ensuring the theological
vitality and dynamic growth of the Church in Africa.

This a detailed literary-structural analysis of Habakkuk 3, with reference also to the theologica... more This a detailed literary-structural analysis of Habakkuk 3, with reference also to the theological significance of the prophet's prayer and its integral connection with the book as a whole.

Chapter 7 in Ernst Wendland, BUKU LOYERA: An Introduction to the New Chichewa Bible Translation (... more Chapter 7 in Ernst Wendland, BUKU LOYERA: An Introduction to the New Chichewa Bible Translation (Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM, 1998)

From Ernst Wendland, BUKU LOYERA: An Introduction to the New Chichewa Bible Translation (Blantyre... more From Ernst Wendland, BUKU LOYERA: An Introduction to the New Chichewa Bible Translation (Blantyre, Malawi: CLAIM, 1998)

This is a selective comparison of three Bible translations in Chichewa, a major SE African Bantu ... more This is a selective comparison of three Bible translations in Chichewa, a major SE African Bantu language.

Current listing as of August 1, 2024

Journal of Translation 20:2, 2024

Journal of Language, Culture, and Religion 5, 2024

Prophetic Rhetoric, ch. 12, 2014

A Literary-Rhetorical Analysis of a Proclamatory Prophetic Text

Expanded version, May 2024

A shorter version of this paper is being processed for publication.

Conspectus 35, 2023

Trial version 3, October 2024

Slightly revised and corrected text.

With Exercises for Bible Students and Translators

with reference to the Nyanja Radio Dramas of Julius Chongo (Ernst Wendland, University of Wiscons... more with reference to the Nyanja Radio Dramas of Julius Chongo
(Ernst Wendland, University of Wisconsin, 1979)

The following is a lightly edited collection of papers prepared by seven translation consultants ... more The following is a lightly edited collection of papers prepared by seven translation consultants from seven different countries around the world. This was the final assignment of a four-week course in Biblical Hebrew poetry presented at the Jerusalem Center for Bible Translators in June 2023 by Prof. Ernst Wendland and Dr Sameh Hannah. This course was part of a multifaceted “semester program” that focused on aspects of Hebrew grammar, semantics, narrative discourse, and a course focusing on the culture and geography of Israel (https://bibletranslators.org/courses-programs/#semester ).
The essays collected here represent the published fruit of the final exercise, with participants being asked to analyze a short passage of OT Hebrew poetry and to explore ways and means to recreate poetic effects in a translation in a receptor language of their choice. A variety of texts were considered, including passages from the Psalms and several Prophets with scholarly perspectives coming from around the world: Philippines, Thailand, Myanmar, India, Nigeria, Haiti, and more. We trust that these studies will demonstrate what analytical tools can be learned and what insights can be revealed in this progressive series of rigorous month-long courses situated in the land of Israel.

Appendix #9 added -- July 2022

Edited by Lynell Zogbo and Ernst Wendland -- 2021 -- 1. Song of Songs 5:10–16: Exegetical and Tra... more Edited by Lynell Zogbo and Ernst Wendland -- 2021 --
1. Song of Songs 5:10–16: Exegetical and Translation Analysis
2. Psalm 67: Form and Rhetorical Analysis
3. The Prince of Peace—A Study of Some Poetic Features in Isaiah 9:1–6
4. How Lonely Sits the City: A Structural-Rhetorical Analysis of Lamentations 1:1-11
5. Psalm 42—Hope in Despair: Seeking God's comfort for those who are suffering
6. Probing the Poetic Features of Song of Songs 5:2-9 for Translation and Performance
7. Nagtatampo Ako: Translating the Pathos of God in Hosea 11:1-11 in Filipino Culture and Poetry
8. Analysing the Poetic Features in Isaiah 12 with Application to Malayalam Translation
9. ‘The Most High’s Shelter’: A Literary-Structural Analysis of Psalm 91, with implications for translation into Arabic
Appendix 1: On Enallage in the Song of Songs
Appendix 2: Summary of a Method of Discourse Analysis Applied to Joel
Appendix 3: ENJOYING HEBREW POETRY IN THE BIBLE—Ten Take-Aways for Text Analysis and Translation

This document is a more or less incomplete compilation of notes and papers in preparation for a f... more This document is a more or less incomplete compilation of notes and papers in preparation for a future publication (c.a. 2000). But perhaps they might be of use to someone as an initial orientation to the subject.

This text was originally prepared as a background informational resource to accompany my oral pre... more This text was originally prepared as a background informational resource to accompany my oral presentations delivered at the Bible Translation Conference 2021 (https://www.btconference.org/ ). This is a revised document, version 1.5 (21/10/21).

Note that in the combination of PDF files during the processing of this document, the pagination ... more Note that in the combination of PDF files during the processing of this document, the pagination was thrown out-of-alignment. So, to find a certain chapter, the function will need to be used. My apologies for the inconvenience.

Version 3.5, May 2021 --This collection of studies was compiled as a basic resource book for an e... more Version 3.5, May 2021 --This collection of studies was compiled as a basic resource book for an exegetical-translation course intended for Bible translation consultants. It first overviews the nature of biblical Hebrew poetry, as distinct from prose, and then surveys the different genres of poetry that are found in the Old Testament. This course serves in particular as an introduction to the prophetic literature of the Bible with special reference to the Minor Prophets. The book of Haggai, plus a familiar portion of Joel, are explored exegetically in detail on the basis of the Hebrew text, but always with an emphasis on how the varied literary dimensions of the original poetic document may be communicated meaningfully—and oratorically—in another world language.

Version 7--November 2024, including many minor corrections and revisions to the text.

This study is intended to serve as a partial introduction to what is here specified as a "literar... more This study is intended to serve as a partial introduction to what is here specified as a "literary" (artistic-rhetorical) method of approaching the cross-cultural, interlingual task of analyzing, interpreting, translating, and transmitting the Scriptures, with Paul's epistle to Philemon serving as the primary source of illustration. I will thus apply a literary approach both to the analysis of the biblical text and then also to its translation in a contemporary language-culture (Chewa).

This is a shorter collection of published materials regarding a literary-structural approach to t... more This is a shorter collection of published materials regarding a literary-structural approach to the analysis and translation of biblical Hebrew literature.

This collection of assorted studies consists of five sections: Page 2: Framing John’s Vision of... more This collection of assorted studies consists of five sections:
Page 2: Framing John’s Vision of the Heavenly Throne Room (Rev. 4)
Page 36: Sharpening John’s Vision for Contemporary Chewa Text Auditors
Page 55: Framing the Text of Revelation 5 for Its Analysis and Translation
Page 68: The Hermeneutical Significance of Literary Structure in Revelation
Page 98: REVELATION – Greek Translation Log

Presented at the Concordia Mission Institute Summer Conference, Concordia MO, July 11, 2022

For registration, see the following link: https://sats.ac.za/live-events/econference-2022/ An e... more For registration, see the following link:
https://sats.ac.za/live-events/econference-2022/
An e-Conference hosted by the South African Theological Seminary (9–10 March 2022)

Keynote Address: Dr. Wanjiru Gitau (Palm Beach Atlantic University)

Plenaries:

Dr. Harvey Kwiyani (Christian Mission Society; Global Connections)

Dr. Modisa Mzondi (South African Theological Seminary)

Abstract submissions are closed. Attendees can register on the right pane of this page.

Prepared by the South African Theological Seminary -- https://www.sats.edu.za/

Over the last century, Johannine scholarship has seen the emergence of themes, hypotheses, and m... more Over the last century, Johannine scholarship has seen the
emergence of themes, hypotheses, and methodologies that
continue to shape discussions about the Fourth Gospel in the
academy and the church. The latter half of the twentieth century
marked a renewed interest and appreciation for the text and its
literary and rhetorical message. Recently, the affirmation of John’s
historical reliability and relevance has propelled Johannine studies
forward. In addition, the Gospel of John presents a unique view
of Jesus—the Logos, Messiah, Son of God, and Son of Man. These
various strands and their underlining themes, compel hearers and
readers towards a confessional injunction (John 20:31).
In this e-Conference, SATS invites participants to study the central
figure of the Gospel in light of the growing number of questions
emanating from various contexts—ancient and contemporary.
Foregrounding the Global South, we invite contributors to listen to
the Gospel and to hear again what John has to say to the church, the
academy, and society in a world gripped by a pandemic, political
and social upheaval, and growing polarization.
SATS has invited biblical scholars and Christian practitioners
to join us from 17 March (15:00–19:00 CAT) to 18 March 2021
(09:30–17:00 CAT) as we explore the Fourth Gospel, its central
character, rich landscape, and life-giving message.
The conference will also feature select student papers in parallel
sessions. These sessions will showcase emerging researchers at
Master’s and Doctoral levels, including recent Ph.D. graduates
from SATS and elsewhere.
(A copy of the program is available upon request.)

Sponsored by The Oxford Centre for Mission Studies

An e-conference hosted by the South African Theological Seminary, April 2-3, 2020 Abstract: 'Toda... more An e-conference hosted by the South African Theological Seminary, April 2-3, 2020
Abstract: 'Today' is a key word in the book of Deuteronomy. It appears no less than 74 times-far more than any other book in the Bible. It is-as one would expect-also quite frequent in the Deuteronomistic history and Jeremiah. The text of Deuteronomy generally locates 'today' in the time the Israelites were gathered to the east of the River Jordan, preparing to cross over and take the land. However, scholars were quick to find traces of later 'todays 'as the book began to take the shape it currently has. The implication is that there were other 'todays' from where people reflected on the final sermons of Moses to the Israelites in the plains of Moab.
While discussions regarding ‘today’ illuminate various dimensions of the text and the possible world behind it, they bring to the fore the diverse readership of Deuteronomy. Throughout the ages, many have attempted to interpret the content and message of Deuteronomy from and for their own ‘today’. SATS has invited biblical scholars to join us from the 2nd – the 3rd of April 2020 as we continue this process. While some may choose to focus on earlier ‘todays’ — exploring Deuteronomy in its historical, cultural and theological context — others may explore one or more of the subsequent ‘todays’, assessing their validity and relevance. Still others may focus on their own ‘today’, particularly the questions of meaning and relevance for the various contexts in which the book is read. The latter moves the focus beyond textual and historical issues to that of contemporary meaning and value.

This is a second revised announcement of the proposed course (03/25/2019).

Slightly revised August 27, 2019

The 9th Congress of the European Society for Translation Studies will be hosted in South Africa, ... more The 9th Congress of the European Society for Translation Studies will be hosted in South Africa, at Stellenbosch University, from 9 to 13 September 2019. We look forward to exploring the congress theme of Living Translation: People, Processes, Products with colleagues from around the world. (http://www.est2019.com/)

Handout summary of a paper to be presented at the 9th Congress of the European Society for Transl... more Handout summary of a paper to be presented at the 9th Congress of the European Society for Translation Studies, September 11, 2019.

One posted document gives a general introduction to a Psalms-in-Context course (analysis-translat... more One posted document gives a general introduction to a Psalms-in-Context course (analysis-translation-performance) to be held at the Jerusalem Center for Bible Translators for three weeks from October 29 to November 16, 2018.
The course (workshop) has a maximum limit with respect to the number of participants, which aims in particular to serve advanced/experienced Bible translators and translation consultants or advisors. This quota has been more than filled for 2018!
A second document ("Course Overview") provides a more detailed description of the course and its requirements.

This paper will be presented in the section listed below: Biblical Hebrew Poetry (S20-309) 11/20/... more This paper will be presented in the section listed below:
Biblical Hebrew Poetry (S20-309)
11/20/2016
4:00 PM to 6:30 PM
Room: Bowie C (2nd Level) - Grand Hyatt (GH)
Theme: Parallelism in Poetry and Prose

By Andy Rafael Espinoza Pereda, 2024 -- The book of Malachi is very seldom referenced in Chris... more By Andy Rafael Espinoza Pereda, 2024 --

The book of Malachi is very seldom referenced in Christian devotion or worship. A rare exception may be as an offering appeal during public worship. But is there more to Malachi than an offering appeal? Furthermore, what is the point of such a strong curse at the end of the text that many Jewish people to this day refuse to end the reading of the book with its last verse?
In this study, a reader-oriented approach is applied to the text of Malachi seeking to uncover fresh insights, especially as it relates to blessing and cursing in the book. This reader-oriented approach is a three-step process that allows the researcher to analyze a text from complementing perspectives. The first step of the analysis is the study of the syntax of the text. Here the internal structure of the text is described revealing its organization and flow. The second step is the study of semantics. Here main themes in the text and their relationship come to the fore. The last step is the analysis of the communication between the Text-Internal Author and the Text-Internal Reader. These are literary constructs that facilitate the study of a text unencumbered by historical issues, issues which are many times virtually impossible to determine with regard to biblical texts.
The syntax of Malachi reveals that it is formed by fifteen textual units, organized in a heading, two main sections, and a conclusion. There are six main semantic themes in the text of Malachi: relationships, covenant, messenger, blessings and curses, justice, and the day of the Lord. Notably, liturgical aspects are not a main semantic element in the text. The communication in the text reveals that the Text-Internal Author uses blessing and cursing as a tool to move the characters and the Text-Internal Reader to proper relationship with God and among themselves.
The reader-oriented approach proved an effective tool in revealing fresh insights into the text of Malachi. Such a tool can surely be profitably employed to study other prophetic texts.

PhD Thesis by George W. Payton, University of Stellenbosch, 2023

A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF PSALM 137, A COMMUNAL LAMENT Chan, Kwok Leung Desmond Master of Art... more A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF PSALM 137, A COMMUNAL LAMENT
Chan, Kwok Leung Desmond
Master of Arts with major in Applied Linguistics
Dallas International University, April 2020
Supervising Professors: Arden G. Sanders and Joshua L. Harper
ABSTRACT:
Poetry is a common literary form of the Old Testament. However, poetry is not easy to understand or translate. This thesis is a comprehensive analysis of Ps 137, which is commonly regarded as a communal lament. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how to prepare an in-depth analysis of Hebrew poetry, which serves as the foundation for a proper translation of Hebrew poetry, using Ps 137 as an example. The analysis is conducted through different dimensions: historical setting, literary structure, and canonical form, using Wendland’s Literary Functional Equivalence (LiFE) approach which focuses on artistic (formal) text analysis and rhetorical (functional) text analysis. Wendland’s nine-step literary-structural analysis to poetry is supplemented with guidelines for interpreting poetry suggested by Fokkelman (2001, 208-9). This thesis could provide a framework for developing the proper skill of translation team members (translators, translation advisors, and translation consultants) in analyzing poetic form and features.

This is a revised draft proposal (October 2024) that is still under review on behalf of South Afr... more This is a revised draft proposal (October 2024) that is still under review on behalf of South African Theological Seminary (https://sats.ac.za/).

A Collection of Doctoral Thesis Summaries, edited by Dr. Robert Falconer, for information, see at... more A Collection of Doctoral Thesis Summaries, edited by Dr. Robert Falconer, for information, see at: https://sats.ac.za/programmes/

LIU, CHAO-CHUN (2023) The Influence of the Translators' Theology on Bible Translation: A Comparat... more LIU, CHAO-CHUN (2023) The Influence of the Translators' Theology on Bible Translation: A Comparative Study of the Chinese Union Version and the Chinese Recovery Version of the New Testament, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/14907/

Abstract:
The influence of theology on Bible translation is a phenomenon that has been increasingly acknowledged by Bible translation scholars in recent decades, yet for various reasons including the long-established secular-sacred divide in modern academia, it has remained an underexplored subject in both the fields of Translation Studies (TS) and biblical translation studies (BTS). To address this gap, this study is the first study that examines the influence of the translators’ theology on Bible translation by a comparative study of two New Testament translations in their entirety, and it is also the first study of this kind on both the Chinese Union Version (CUV) and the Chinese Recovery Version (CRV), with the CUV being the most popular and influential Chinese Bible over the last hundred years. By adopting a new theoretical framework for studying theological influence in Bible translation, by following a methodology that minimizes the researcher’s subjectivity and overcomes the difficulties inherent in such a study, and by analyzing and presenting the empirical findings according to the main subjects of systematic theology, this study discovered that the translators’ understandings of what God’s overall plan is for mankind exerted the most dominant and overarching influence on their Bible translations in the cases of the CUV and the CRV. Besides revealing many other new insights concerning how the translators’ theology may influence Bible translation, this study also offers both methodological and theoretical contributions to the fields of BTS and TS, illuminates the way and importance of conducting similar studies on other Bible translations, points to the need of charting a new sub-field called ‘biblical translator studies’, and shows that to understand and speak about any Bible translation, we must thoroughly understand the translators’ theology.

Keywords: translators’ theology, theology, Bible translation, Chinese Union Version, Chinese Recovery Version, New Testament, translator studies, biblical translator studies, Chinese Christianity, missionaries

Recommended Citation Hensley, Adam Daniel, "Covenant Relationships and the Editing of the Hebrew... more Recommended Citation
Hensley, Adam Daniel, "Covenant Relationships and the Editing of the Hebrew Psalter : An Investigation of the Relationship between the Davidic Covenant and the Abrahamic and Mosaic Covenants as Reflected in the Editing of the Psalter" (2015). Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation. 136.
https://scholar.csl.edu/phd/136

Fudge, Eric, J. Translating Pun and Play: Wordplay and Soundplay in Hosea. Ph.D. diss., Concordia... more Fudge, Eric, J. Translating Pun and Play: Wordplay and Soundplay in Hosea. Ph.D. diss., Concordia Seminary, 2018. 312 pp.
Puns and plays of sound are distinguishing features of poetry and proclamation. Poetry uses these phonetic devices to structure passages, create euphony, or evoke emotional responses from audiences. Proclamation, particularly in a live setting, also uses sound to emphasize words or lines that encourage audiences to feel, respond, or memorize. Puns arrive in the form of wordplay, which uses similarity of sounds that create ambiguity. Soundplay also uses similarity of sounds but to establish euphony or aural tagging. These phonetic plays exist only within the confines of their native language and their effectiveness to communicate meaning entirely depends on audience’s ability to identify them. These devices’ dependency on their native language creates problems for translators to render meaning created by their sounds and also complicates translators’ ability to reproduce their sounds in translation. Where formal correspondence often eradicates phonetic plays from translation by prioritizing semantics, dynamic equivalence often sacrifices phonetic plays by prioritizing content. When these methods cannot reproduce the phonetic plays and their meanings, translators should translate these utterances with degrees of approximation that acknowledge pragmatic signifiers including the reading experience and the reading as experience. Using degrees of approximation enable translators to access unwritten pragmatic signifiers (signifiers expressing the effects that the meaning of a text has on interpreters) to recreate in translation the phonetic plays of the source text and their meanings.
The book of Hosea contains a significant amount of wordplay and soundplay utterances that demonstrate the importance of identifying them and reproducing their phonetic play for target audiences. Hosea exhibits phonetic play that irregularly weaves wordplay and soundplay in and out of the prophet’s utterances. This poetic artistry differs from much of modern day poetry and lyrical compositions where many popular level artists use similarity of sound in regular patterns and meter. The irregularity of phonetic plays in Hosea mark areas of emphasis where the prophet wants to evoke emotion and a response from audiences or enable audiences to better memorize and embrace a core principle of the oracle’s message.
Recommended Citation
Fudge, Eric, "Translating Pun and Play - Wordplay and Soundplay in Hosea" (2018). Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation. 103.
https://scholar.csl.edu/phd/103

Recommended Citation: Bergland, Kenneth, "Reading As A Disclosure Of The Thoughts Of The Heart: P... more Recommended Citation:
Bergland, Kenneth, "Reading As A Disclosure Of The Thoughts Of The Heart: Proto-Halakhic Reuse And Appropriation Between Torah And The Prophets" (2018). Dissertations. 1652.
https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations/1652 --

Abstract
How should we then live? This has been the guiding question throughout the study. In a world that offers a myriad of answers to this one question, I have sought the answer in the Bible, more specifically in the Hebrew part of the Bible. Instead of asking the straightforward question as to how the Bible can function as norm for contemporary ethics, the following discussion is based on the assumption that an authentic reading and appropriation of the text needs both to understand and to emulate the ways in which the biblical authors read the Bible. While scholars have examined separately biblical law, reuse within the Bible, and the memorization of revered texts in the ANE, I have tried to combine these three areas in an attempt to clarify how biblical authors read normative texts.

This study is divided into three parts: in the first part, I argue that Torah is best characterized as normative covenantal instruction, and that Torah and the Latter Prophets (hereafter Prophets) participated in a scribal culture that did not conform to our standards of literary exactness. In the second part, I have selected four cases where we find parallels between Torah and the Prophets: (1) Divorce and Remarriage in Deut 24:1–4 and Jer 3:1–10, (2) Sabbath Instructions in Exod 20:8–11; Deut 5:12–15 and Jer 17:19– 27, (3) Manumission Instructions in Exod 21:2–11; Lev 25:10, 39–46; Deut 15:12–18; and Jer 34:8–22, and (4) Fasting in Lev 16; 23; 25 and Isa 58:1–14. Finally, I discuss Jer 7 and Ezek 18 as these cases display a different type of reuse than the preceding four. I have limited myself to cases where reuse and direction of dependence can be demonstrated with reasonable confidence, in order to give an adequate basis for a discussion of how normative texts were appropriated in each of the specific cases. In the third part, I include a hermeneutical and philosophical reflection on reading as a disclosure of the thoughts of the heart.

Repetition with variation is typical in texts that reuse a normative text. Neither conflict nor harmony can adequately explain this phenomena. In the borrowing text, we rather see a close reading that reads its source(s) expansionistically. There is an interpretative response interwoven with the reading along with various trajectories the borrowing author would have viewed as indicated in the very source(s) themselves. We find a challenge both to a literalistic reading that confines meaning to the plain sense of the text on the one hand, and to a more free or creative reading not fully responsible to the text on the other. The cases studied attest to the importance of an immersion into the normative texts in order to clarify how we should live; these cases also demonstrate the need for finding new life through texts and forms of life that creatively reuse the biblical text while all the while staying rooted in the ancient words.

Subject Area
Bible. Old Testament--Criticism, interpretation, etc.; Bible. Pentateuch--Criticism, interpretation, etc.; Bible. Prophets--Criticism, interpretation, etc.

Dr Robert Falconer, Editor

By J.N. Pohlig --This study accounts for the forms and functions of the similes in the Book of Ho... more By J.N. Pohlig --This study accounts for the forms and functions of the similes in the Book of Hosea. It proposes new tools for textual criticism, biblical interpretation, and understanding Biblical Hebrew (BH) worldview. Chapter One presents the task we have chosen for ourselves, its nature, some obstacles from other areas of scholarship, and the foundational notions of embodiment and Prototype Theory. Chapter Two presents principles drawn from Cognitive Semantics and Cognitive Syntax. A weakened version of the Lakoff-Johnson conceptual metaphor theory is adopted, and the key notions of embodiment and judgments of prototypicality are presented. Elements of Conceptual Blending are presented and adapted for simile analysis. Finally, text-based differences between metaphors and similes are discussed. Chapter Three presents cognitive cultural constructs of Strauss and Quinn: cultural schemas, cultural exemplars, cultural models, and cultural themes. Strauss and Quinn’s conclusions about metaphors’ use in everyday speech are shown to agree with our postulation of speaker assessment of the hearer’s ability to process utterances before they are produced. This postulation allows us to erect one part of a theory of simile. Chapter Three then integrates metaphor with the Strauss-Quinn cultural meaning model, and then with Boroditsky’s Weak Structuring view of metaphor. The effect is to provide a reasonable basis, amenable to empirical investigation, for the investigation of both metaphor and simile. Finally, the notions of embodiment and prototypicality are applied to the Strauss-Quinn model. Chapter Four presents various assumptions and conclusions that are later used to analyze Hosea’s similes. These include: (1) elements of Floor’s (2004a) model of Information Structure for BH narrative, with modifications and additions for poetry; (2) three cognitive types of similes in Hosea, posited for working purposes; (3) an adaptation of the conceptual blending apparatus to similes; (4) hypotheses to account for the distribution of similes versus that of metaphors in BH poetry, and to account for patterned differences in how various kinds of concepts are combined and manipulated; (5) an integration of these patterns with the three simile types; and (6) correlation of the cultural constructs of cultural schema, cultural theme, and cultural model with Hosea’s similes and metaphors. Chapter Five presents a number of scholarly views of the Book of Hosea, and characterizes the principal authorities cited in the next chapter. Chapter Six deductively applies all the foregoing theory to an examination of Hosea’s similes. Other observations are made inductively: (1) kinaesthetic image schemas’ role in Hosea’s poetry; (2) systematic difference in the use of similes versus metaphors in image elaboration; and (3) Information Structure’s role in simile analysis. Chapter Seven summarizes this study’s research and conclusions concerning, e.g., (1) the criteria for accounting for the embodiment and judgments of prototypicality characterizing Hosea’s similes; (2) the dependence of Hosea and his audience upon knowledge of themselves and their environment for their view of YHWH; and (3) the aid brought by a cognitive theory of similes in the task of textual criticism. Chapter Eight discusses prospects for further research and possible implications for translating Hosea’s similes and metaphors.

By Rory Henderson, 2018 -- This dissertation is primarily concerned with the presentation of the ... more By Rory Henderson, 2018 -- This dissertation is primarily concerned with the presentation of the Text as pure Word, that is, the process of communication from author to reader, and the vehicle by which this transfer of information takes place, namely typography, or what Morison refers to as by far the most potent means of communication, The Typographic Book.
You may access Mr. Henderson's graphically creative website and contact him at: https://besnowed.uk/.

By JENNIFER ELLA WEHRMEYER, November 2001 -- This research aimed to determine whether the rejecti... more By JENNIFER ELLA WEHRMEYER, November 2001 -- This research aimed to determine whether the rejection by Russian Orthodox Church leaders of recent translations of the Bible into Russian could be ascribed to a conflict of Russian and Western translation norms. Using Lefevere's (1992) notion of systems, the study compared the norms of Russian Bible translations, Western Bible translation and Russian literary translation, as well as those of a segment of the target audience, to determine the extent of their compatibility with each other and with the translations in question. The results showed that the recent translations did reflect the norms of Western Bible translation, but that these were not atypical of norms for previous Russian and Slavonic translations, nor for the norms of Russian literary translation. However, the results also showed that in practice target audience norms mirrored those of the Russian Orthodox Church, resulting in a similar rejection of the newer translations.
(This dissertation was made available at the following website: https://www.pdfdrive.com/a-critical-examination-of-translation-and-evaluation-norms-in-russian-bible-translation-d51273782.html)

AN INVESTIGATION OF HUIOTHESIA IN THE PAULINE EPISTLES IN VIEW OF THE KIKUYU FOLK THEORIES OF PRO... more AN INVESTIGATION OF HUIOTHESIA IN THE PAULINE EPISTLES IN VIEW OF THE KIKUYU FOLK THEORIES OF PROCREATION AND ADOPTION -- by Dr. ABIGAEL WANGARI MBUA, 2018 -- The motivation for this study was the desire to find how best to translate huiothesia into Kikuyu, because its renderings in the existing Kikuyu translations are either generic or misleading. This is attributed to the receptor languages being relegated to only rendering what has been explicated using the cognitive resources of other mediating Western languages such as English. From the brief history tracing the role of the receptor languages in translation theory since the 1960s, none of the proponents propose the use of the cognitive resources of receptor languages in inferring the meaning of the original. This study recommends that receptor languages be brought to the translation table right at the start of the translation process as complementary tools in inferring the meaning of the original among other resources translators/exegetes engage with. This is because receptor languages are natural languages just like Western mediating languages, and the cognitive resources of any natural language can be exploited in inferring the meaning of the original text. This proposal calls upon translators/exegetes not just to reconstruct and analyze the conceptualization evoked by a biblical concept with regard to the conceptual universe of the author and the original recipients, but also to analyze the conceptualization evoked with regard to the speakers of a receptor language. The theoretical framework of Cognitive Grammar was chosen for the analysis of the data collected for the study. The choice of the theoretical frameork was based on the quest to base the translation process on a linguistic theory which translators/exegetes can rely upon in the exploitation of cognitive resources of any language and culture in inferring the meaning of the original. Data was collected on the source language and on the receptor language. Further data was collected on the readings ratings of the translation of huiothesia into Kikuyu in the 1965 and 2007 translations and the proposed translation among Kikuyu speakers. Data analysis on the source language focused on the description of the linguistic and cultural background of Paul and his recipients, the conceptualization evoked by huiothesia, and the discourse context of huiothesia. Data analysis on the receptor language focused on the description of the conceptualization evoked by gũciarwo na mbũri the Kikuyu label for adoption. The result of the analysis of the two conceptualizations revealed corresponding aspects and aspects specific to each conceptualization from which translators/exegetes can derive enriching ideas not easily accessible using the conceptual resources of Western mediating languages—ideas which might lead to richer schemas as the meaning of the original texts. The resulting adjusted schemas become the basis for clearer, more successful tranlations. The rating of the proposed translation of huiothesia being clearer by most respondents showed the success of the recommended approach to translation. The byproduct of interpretation of biblical concepts using this approach in the process of Bible translation can lead to an outcome in which the receptor languages make a significant contribution to theological debates as attested in this study in the case of huiothesia as a theological concept.
(Dr. Mbua has given permission to post her recent dissertation here--it is well worth a read!)

This dissertation explores a process of cross-cultural communication that spans centuries of time... more This dissertation explores a process of cross-cultural communication that spans centuries of time between two different cultures, that of the Hebrew speaking Israelites of the seventh-century a.C. and the Susu people of Guinea West Africa today. The question is how, given that the two groups operate with completely different worldviews and historical backgrounds, might one translate a Hebrew religious hortatory discourse into Susu in such a way that it would be understood and appreciated as a relevant message to their culture.
The author attempts to do this beginning with an analysis of the Hebrew discourse, first from a rhetorical perspective (Chapter 2), and then from a textual perspective (Chapter 3). The presentation of the message employs a rhetoric dependant upon an understanding of the historical background of the audience. The author crafts the message not only with rhetorical nuances, but also with a textual artistry designed to enhance the overall impact of the presentation.
The author then procedes to use the same process on an analogous discourse from the Susu target culture. Since the Hebrew book of Zephaniah consists of religious hortatory, the same genre was utilized from the Susu culture, a Muslim Xutuba (Friday sermon). Again, the analysis covers the rhetorical component of the communication (Chapter 4) and then the textual structure component (Chapter 5). Having completed an analysis of the rhetoric and the textual discourse structure of a discourse both in the source language and in the target language, the author delves into two possible approaches to the translation of the Hebrew discourse.
The first, “a documentary translation,” focuses on the forms used in Hebrew to express the message in such a way to have a rhetorical and structural communicative impact (Chapter 6). The second, “an instrumental translation,” shifts the focus to forms used in the target language, with the express purpose of communicating the same message with rhetorical and structural devices that would have a communicative impact on the Susu people.
Ultimately, the preferred translation approach depends upon the scopos of the translator. If the objective is to present an ancient document to highlight the “foreign” forms used in the original communication, the documentary approach works well. However, if the objective is to present the message of said document in such a way as to transfer the relevancy of the message to the target culture, an instrumental approach is advantageous.

Dr. June Dickie may be contacted at: junedickie@gmail.com

A PhD Dissertation written by Yu, Hui-Er (Maria) at the South African Theological Seminary (2017)... more A PhD Dissertation written by Yu, Hui-Er (Maria) at the South African Theological Seminary (2017) -- slightly revised edition (May 2017).
NOTE: This dissertation will be published by Langham Monographs in 2018.

By Arlyn Sunshine Drew, 2020

The narrow question is how best to translate into Lomwe the biblical Hebrew term [berith] 'coven... more The narrow question is how best to translate into Lomwe the biblical Hebrew term [berith] 'covenant'. But this question draws in many other issues when the contextual nature of communication is taken into account. Using Leviticus 26 as a focus text, this study sketches a complete arc from the impact at world view level of covenant concepts in the original to impact at worldview level among present-day Lomwe-speakers in northern Mozambique. This study defends a definition of covenant in its ancient Near Eastern context as a chosen relationship of mutual obligation guaranteed by oath sanctions. A close reading of Leviticus 26 in its literary contexts highlights the integrating role of covenant in the Old Testament. Used for Yahweh and his people, covenant language stressed that the relationship was exclusive, secure, accountable and purposeful. However, Lomwe-speakers are traditionally matrilineal with no adequate analogs to ancient covenantal customs. Protestant Christians among them, who have not had the Old Testament in their language, show by their songs that they do not have a covenantal sense of their relationship to God, but see life as a journey of escape to heaven while under the threat of divine judgment. For the present experiment, volunteers preached from a translation of Leviticus 26 to their congregations. In the resulting recorded sermons, the covenant concepts emphasized were relationship and obligation (but not chosenness or oath sanctions), and exclusivity and accountability (but not security or purpose). To compensate, the study proposes specific steps for Bible translators and those involved in the broader teaching task of the churches, especially dwelling on the potential of using muloko wa Muluku, 'people of God' as an integrating framework.

(A Stellenbosch University doctoral dissertation by Stuart Foster -- Profs Christo van der Merwe and Ernst Wendland, co-promoters)

This dissertation by Milton Watt gives a good example of a "literary functional equivalence" (LiF... more This dissertation by Milton Watt gives a good example of a "literary functional equivalence" (LiFE) approach applied in detail to the analysis of several psalms and their translation into English. This methodology is compared with a number of other popular approaches to the theory and practice of Bible translating.

To some extent, we all know music when we hear it: a melody, a rhythm, a progression of individua... more To some extent, we all know music when we hear it: a melody, a rhythm, a progression of individual notes that, taken together, elevates the whole into the realm of auditory art. Like any art form, we define it partly by the method of its construction—a painting is painted, a song sung—and also by its effect on us. If something sounds like music, it is. But what about songs sung by non-humans? Is birdsong music?

A Selection from the Translator's Handbook on Numbers : Discourse Segmentation and Other Structural Features, 2016

By Lénart de Regt and Ernst Wendland. Taken from (the prefinal, pre-edited copy of) the Translato... more By Lénart de Regt and Ernst Wendland. Taken from (the prefinal, pre-edited copy of) the
Translator's Handbook on the Book of Numbers (United Bible Societies, 2016. ISBN: 9780826701039. LCCN: 2016021528).

Revised on 11/08/2020 -- Reduced prices for the program!

Apologies--Academia does not display this PDF file correctly; however, it will download OK.

Description This is the fascinating and important story of how God's Word came to East Africa. Be... more Description This is the fascinating and important story of how God's Word came to East Africa. Beginning with the pioneering efforts of Krapf and Rebmann, Aloo Osotsi Mojola traces the history of Bible translation in the region from 1844 to the present. He incorporates four decades of personal conversations and interviews, along with extensive research, to provide the first comprehensive account of the translations undertaken in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, and eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. The maps and tables included assist the reader, as does a history of the Swahili language-its standardization, role as lingua franca, and impact on the work of translation. Mojola's writing is a tribute to those who sacrificed much in their quest to see the word of God accessible to all people, in all places-and the many who continue to sacrifice for the peoples of East Africa. This book is a key contribution to the important and ongoing narrative of how God has met us, and continues to meet us, in our own contexts and our own languages.

By EA Nida and Charles Taber

Chapter 2 in the book "Style and Discourse" (1983)

By Wendy J. Porter -- for three subsequent articles in this series and other posted works by Euge... more By Wendy J. Porter -- for three subsequent articles in this series and other posted works by Eugene A. Nida, see at the following link: https://sun.academia.edu/EWENDLAND/Eugene-A-Nida

By Philip C, Stine -- International Bulletin of Missionary Research, vol. 36, 1: pp. 38-39. , Fir... more By Philip C, Stine -- International Bulletin of Missionary Research, vol. 36, 1: pp. 38-39. , First Published January 1, 2012.

By Jonathan M. Watt -- The contributions scholars make to a field are of distinctly different typ... more By Jonathan M. Watt -- The contributions scholars make to a field are of distinctly different types. The seminal kind involve the creation of new concepts and terms by pioneers. The auxiliary kind broaden the collective database, offering confirmation of recognized phenomena. The reforming kind originate with iconoclasts who forge paradigm shifts that compel scholars to recast existing frameworks, while the integrative kind bring together thinkers from different fields so that seeds developed in one region can germinate in distant academic cantons. In a career spanning more than six decades, Eugene A. Nida has made all of these kinds of contributions and, in reference to sociolinguistics, particularly the last. His integrative contributions pertain to a field in which he never specialized and, regrettably, whose most prominent exponents show little if any acquaintance with his writings. Nevertheless, those who have nurtured particular concern for biblical exegesis and translation, couched in the context of missionary outreach, have been the greatest beneficiaries of Nida' s labors. Thanks to the fact that his early efforts in the nuts-and-bolts of language structure would be eclipsed by publications relating to culture and ethnography, translators in the field have been treated to his trademark dynamic equivalence approach. His networking across what were already cross-disciplinary fields led to a significant body of linguistic contributions, many of which are laced with sociolinguistic implications.

A "classic" by Dr. Nida (1964)--please pardon the poor reproduction!

Preface: For a number of years I have been increasingly interested in the role of contexts in und... more Preface: For a number of years I have been increasingly interested in the role of contexts in understanding and translating texts, because failure to consider the contexts of a text is largely responsible for the most serious mistakes in comprehending and reproducing the meaning of a discourse. But contexts need to be understood as influencing all structural levels of a text: phonological, lexical, grammatical, and historical, including events leading up to the production of a text,
the ways in which a text has been interpreted in the past, and the evident concerns
of those requesting and paying for a translation.
In order to indicate precisely the implications of the roles of contexts, I have
incorporated translations into English from French, Spanish, and German. And
as a way of describing some of the more significant, but less known, treatments
of translation, I have summarized several of these in Chapter 6 and have added
Chapter 7 in order to present the three major types of theories of translation in
terms of philological, sociolinguistic, and sociosemiotic principles.
(This book was made available at the following website: https://www.pdfdrive.com/contexts-in-translating-benjamins-translation-library-d185578583.html)

This is an improved scan of the document uploaded earlier.

Chapter 1 in the book "Style and Discourse" (1983)

By Eugene Nida and Charles Taber (1969/1982) -- This volume on The Theory and Practice of Transla... more By Eugene Nida and Charles Taber (1969/1982) -- This volume on The Theory and Practice of Translation is the logical outgrowth of the previous book Toward a Science of Translating (1964), which explored some of the basic factors constituting a scientific approach to translation. This second volume presents certain of these same theories in a pedagogically oriented order, designed to assist the translator to master the theoretical elements as well as to gain certain practical skills in learning how to carry out the procedures. Though this present book treats the problems of translating primarily in terms of a scientific orientation to linguistic structures, semantic analysis, and [nformation theory, it does not lose sight of the fact that translating is far more than a science. It is also a skill, and in the ultimate analysis fully satisfactory translation is alwavs an art. (This text was made available at the following website: https://www.pdfdrive.com/the-theory-and-practice-of-translation-with-special-reference-to-bible-translating-helps-for-translators-8-d165240678.html)

By Eugene A. Nida -- This is a perceptive look at the subject of language in Africa at the end of... more By Eugene A. Nida -- This is a perceptive look at the subject of language in Africa at the end of the Colonial Age.
(Practical Anthropology, vol. os-4, 4: pp. 122-137. , First Published Jul 1, 1957)

This Greek New Testament lexicon based on semantic domains has been designed primarily for transl... more This Greek New Testament lexicon based on semantic domains has been designed primarily for translators of the New Testament in various languages, but biblical scholars, pastors, and theological students will no doubt also find this lexicon of particular value, since it focuses on the related meanings of different words. This focus is clearly a major concern of all theological studies. In addition, a number of linguists and lexicographers are likely to be interested in view of the distinctive approach and methodology employed in this lexicon. The approach to the problems of the meaning of lexical items (words and idioms) in this dictionary is the outgrowth of field experience, which has included helping Bible translators in some 200 different languages in the world.
(This text was made available at the following website: https://www.pdfdrive.com/greek-english-lexicon-of-the-new-testament-based-on-semantic-domains-d158080196.html )

By Robert Bratcher and Eugene Nida - A Translators Handbook on Paul's Letters to the Colossians a... more By Robert Bratcher and Eugene Nida - A Translators Handbook on Paul's Letters to the Colossians and to
Philemon follows the pattern already established in the more recent
volumes in this series. Attention is paid to the structure of the discourse,
as well as to words, phrases, and clauses, so as to allow the
translator to understand as well as possible the movement and development
of the letters as a whole, and not just the separate meaning of
individual sentences.
Both the TEV and the RSV translations are cited at the beginning
of each section under discussion; after that, for individual verses,
the TEV alone is reproduced. In the discussion, the wording of the TEV
text is underlined; the RSV text (as well as the text of other translations)
is cited within quotation marks.
No attempt has been made to be exhaustive in the discussion of
textual, exegetical, and translational matters; representative points
of view are cited where important differences arise, and the translator
is urged to consult the volumes cited in the Bibliography for further
comments on such matters. There is a Glossary that explains certain
technical terms, and an Index is provided that locates by page numbers
some of the more important words and subjects dealt with in the Handbook.

This is a Lenten devotional series presented during morning worship at Lusaka Lutheran Seminary s... more This is a Lenten devotional series presented during morning worship at Lusaka Lutheran Seminary some years ago--apologies for the poor reproduction.

Morning Matins, Lusaka Lutheran Seminary, 2020

Several reflections regarding this exemplary woman of faith (September 2020)

By Galen Sibanda (ed), Deo Ngonyani (ed), Jonathan Choti (ed), Ann Biersteker (ed) -- Synopsis ... more By Galen Sibanda (ed), Deo Ngonyani (ed), Jonathan Choti (ed), Ann Biersteker (ed) --

Synopsis

Descriptive and Theoretical Approaches to African Linguistics contains a selection of revised and peer-reviewed papers from the 49th Annual Conference on African Linguistics, held at Michigan State University in 2018. The contributions from both students and more senior scholars, based in North America, Africa and other parts of the world, provide a glimpse of the breadth and quality of current research in African linguistics from both descriptive and theoretical perspectives. Fields of interest range from phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics to sociolinguistics, historical linguistics, discourse analysis, language documentation, computational linguistics and beyond. The articles reflect both the typological and genetic diversity of languages in Africa and the wide range of research areas covered by presenters at ACAL conferences.

Lula Pensulo is an author, translator, and poet from Malawi. Oedipus Rex, also known by its Gree... more Lula Pensulo is an author, translator, and poet from Malawi.
Oedipus Rex, also known by its Greek title, Oedipus Tyrannus (Ancient Greek: Οἰδίπους Τύραννος, pronounced [oidípuːs týrannos]), or Oedipus the King, is an Athenian tragedy by Sophocles that was first performed around 429 BC. Originally, to the ancient Greeks, the title was simply Oedipus (Οἰδίπους), as it is referred to by Aristotle in the Poetics. It is thought to have been renamed Oedipus Tyrannus to distinguish it from Oedipus at Colonus, a later play by Sophocles. In antiquity, the term "tyrant" referred to a ruler with no legitimate claim to rule, but it did not necessarily have a negative connotation.

This is a Chichewa translation of the short story "The Heathen" by the famous American novelist, ... more This is a Chichewa translation of the short story "The Heathen" by the famous American novelist, Jack London.
Lula Pensulo is an author, translator, and poet from Malawi.

by Eric A Hermanson, 2024

In This Fragile World Swahili Poetry of Commitment by Ustadh Mahmoud Mau Series: Islam in A... more In This Fragile World
Swahili Poetry of Commitment by Ustadh Mahmoud Mau
Series:
Islam in Africa, Volume: 25
Author: Ustadh Mahmoud Mau
Editors: Annachiara Raia and Clarissa Vierke
The present volume is a pioneering collection of poetry by the outstanding Kenyan poet, intellectual and imam Ustadh Mahmmoud Mau (born 1952) from Lamu island, once an Indian Ocean hub, now on the edge of the nation state. By means of poetry in Arabic script, the poet raises his voice against social ills and injustices troubling his community on Lamu. The book situates Mahmoud Mau’s oeuvre within transoceanic exchanges of thoughts so characteristic of the Swahili coast. It shows how Swahili Indian Ocean intellectual history inhabits an individual biography and writings. Moreover, it also portrays a unique African Muslim thinker and his poetry in the local language, which has so often been neglected as major site for critical discourse in Islamic Africa.
The selected poetry is clustered around the following themes: jamii: societal topical issues, ilimu: the importance of education, huruma: social roles and responsabilities, matukio: biographical events and maombi: supplications. Prefaced by Rayya Timamy (Nairobi University), the volume includes contributions by Jasmin Mahazi, Kai Kresse and Kadara Swaleh, Annachiara Raia and Clarissa Vierke. The authors’ approaches highlight the relevance of local epistemologies as archives for understanding the relationship between reform Islam and local communities in contemporary Africa.
SOURCE: https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/62192?rskey=iTtm1H&result=2

By Dr T.J. Houston Planning for and managing a new Bible translation project is best undertaken w... more By Dr T.J. Houston
Planning for and managing a new Bible translation project
is best undertaken when the context of the situation is
well understood. This article uses Skopos theory and
contextual frames as tools for understanding the Yawo
contexts of Mozambique, Malawi, and Tanzania, as it
relates to the choice of terms for God in Bible translation –
particularly םיהִלֹאֱ (ʾᵉlōhim) in the Hebrew Bible and θεός
(theos) in the New Testament, but also applicable to other
terms such as the personal name of Israel’s god, הוהי
(yhwh). Skopos theory and narrative frame theory provide
the theoretical basis of this article as African traditional
religion and Islam are explored in the Yawo context.
Special attention is paid to these narrative frames in
application to translating adequate terms for the Supreme
Being, or “God”, in Ciyawo Bible translation. This article
shows that successful Bible translation in any context is
possible when the relevant situation is understood and
managed well.
Acta Theologica 2022 42(2):206-227

By Moses C. B. Mulongesa ("Things that happen at in-laws"), Longmans and Northern Rhodesia and N... more By Moses C. B. Mulongesa ("Things that happen at in-laws"),
Longmans and Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland Publications Bureau,
1962,
Source: https://www.lubuto.org/scanned-volumes/vishimo-vya-kuuko

By R.M. Mukuni, NECZAM, 1969 -- Source: https://www.lubuto.org/scanned-volumes?category=Lozi

By Philip Noss Source: Research in African Literatures , Spring, 1970, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Spring, 197... more By Philip Noss
Source: Research in African Literatures , Spring, 1970, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Spring, 1970), pp. 40-49, Published by: Indiana University Press

Aaron D. Hornkohl, Diachronic Diversity in Classical Biblical Hebrew. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Pu... more Aaron D. Hornkohl, Diachronic Diversity in Classical Biblical Hebrew. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0433 --
According to the standard periodisation of ancient Hebrew, the division of Biblical Hebrew as reflected in the Masoretic tradition is basically dichotomous: pre-exilic Classical Biblical Hebrew (CBH) versus post-Restoration Late Biblical Hebrew (LBH). Within this paradigm, the chronolectal unity of CBH is rarely questioned—this despite the reasonable expectation that the language of a corpus encompassing traditions of various ages and comprising works composed, edited, and transmitted over the course of centuries would show signs of diachronic development. From the perspective of historical evolution, CBH is remarkably homogenous. Within this apparent uniformity, however, there are indeed signs of historical development, sets of alternant features whose respective concentrations seem to divide CBH into two sub-chronolects. The most conspicuous typological division that emerges is between the CBH of the Pentateuch and that of the relevant Prophets and Writings. The present volume investigates a series of features that distinguish the two ostensible CBH sub-chronolects, weighs alternative explanations for distribution patterns that appear to have chronological significance, and considers broader implications for Hebrew diachrony and periodisation and for the composition of the Torah.

Contents
Introduction
(pp. 1–24)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

1. The Onomasticon with and without yahu Names
(pp. 27–38)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

2. 1st-person wayyiqṭol Morphology: 1st-person wayyiqṭol Morphology
(pp. 39–56)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

3. Qal versus hifʿil Forms of יס"ף: Qal versus hifʿil Forms of יס"ף
(pp. 57–88)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

4. Construct מְאַת versus Absolute מֵאָה
(pp. 89–106)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

5. Qal Internal Passive versus nifʿal Morphology
(pp. 107–126)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

6. עצ " ק versus עז
(pp. 127–138)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

7. 1CPL ונ ְ חַנ versus ונ ְ חַנ ֲ א
(pp. 139–142)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

8. FS אוה versus אי ִ ה
(pp. 145–154)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

9. FPL -ן versus - הָנ
(pp. 155–166)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

10. רענ versus הרענ with Feminine Singular Referent
(pp. 167–176)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

11. Abstract Nouns Ending in -ūt
(pp. 177–182)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

12. Orthography
(pp. 183–202)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

Conclusion
(pp. 203–208)

Aaron D. Hornkohl

Contributors
Aaron D. Hornkohl
(author)
Associate Professor in Hebrew at University of Cambridge
https://www.ames.cam.ac.uk/people/dr-aaron-d-hornkohl

Aaron D. Hornkohl (PhD, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2012) is University Associate Professor in Hebrew, Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Cambridge. His research focuses on ancient Hebrew philology and linguistics, especially historical linguistics and ancient Hebrew periodisation; the components of the standard Tiberian Masoretic biblical tradition; and that tradition’s profile in the context of other biblical traditions and extrabiblical sources. This is his third single-author monograph after The Historical Depth of the Tiberian Reading Tradition of Biblical Hebrew (Cambridge: Open Book Publishers, 2023) and Ancient Hebrew Periodization and the Book of Jeremiah (Leiden: Brill 2014). He has also co-edited several volumes and written numerous articles.

By Paul R. Kroeger-- Synopsis: This book provides an introduction to the study of meaning i... more By Paul R. Kroeger--
Synopsis:

This book provides an introduction to the study of meaning in human language, from a linguistic perspective. It covers a fairly broad range of topics, including lexical semantics, compositional semantics, and pragmatics. The chapters are organized into six units: (1) Foundational concepts; (2) Word meanings; (3) Implicature (including indirect speech acts); (4) Compositional semantics; (5) Modals, conditionals, and causation; (6) Tense & aspect.

Most of the chapters include exercises which can be used for class discussion and/or homework assignments, and each chapter contains references for additional reading on the topics covered.

As the title indicates, this book is truly an introduction: it provides a solid foundation which will prepare students to take more advanced and specialized courses in semantics and/or pragmatics. It is also intended as a reference for fieldworkers doing primary research on under-documented languages, to help them write grammatical descriptions that deal carefully and clearly with semantic issues. The approach adopted here is largely descriptive and non-formal (or, in some places, semi-formal), although some basic logical notation is introduced. The book is written at level which should be appropriate for advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate students. It presupposes some previous coursework in linguistics, but does not presuppose any background in formal logic or set theory.

By Bas de Boer and Jochem Zwier (eds), Phenomenology and the Philosophy of Technology. Cambridge,... more By Bas de Boer and Jochem Zwier (eds), Phenomenology and the Philosophy of Technology. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0421

Our contemporary world is undeniably intertwined with technology, influencing every aspect of human life. This edited volume delves into why modern philosophical approaches to technology closely align with phenomenology and explores the implications of this relationship. Over the past two decades, scholars have emphasized users’ lived experiences and their interactions with technological practices, arguing that technologies gain meaning and shape within specific contexts, actively shaping those contexts in return. This book investigates the phenomenological roots of contemporary philosophy of technology, examining how phenomenology informs analyses of temporality, use, cognition, embodiment, and environmentality.

Divided into three sections, the volume begins by exploring the role of phenomenological methods in the philosophy of technology, and further investigates the methodological implications of combining phenomenology with other philosophical schools. The second section examines technology as a phenomenon, debating whether it should be analysed as a whole or through individual artifacts. The final section addresses the practical applications of phenomenological insights in design practices and democratic engagement.

By offering a systematic exploration of the connection between phenomenology and technology, this volume provides valuable insights for scholars, students, and researchers in related fields, highlighting the continued relevance of phenomenological perspectives in understanding our technologically mediated world.

Phenomenology and the Philosophy of Technology – Technology as Phenomenon, skillfully edited by Bas de Boer and Jochem Zwier, dares to challenge entrenched assumptions, deconstruct prevailing concepts, and reassess established approaches, perhaps even heralding a necessary shift in our understanding of technologies intricate relationship with humanity. This seminal work offers invaluable insights that resonate deeply in our increasingly technologically mediated existence.

Prof Jan Kyrre Friis
University of Copenhagen

By Bo Isaksson, The Verb in Classical Hebrew: The Linguistic Reality behind the Consecutive Tense... more By Bo Isaksson, The Verb in Classical Hebrew: The Linguistic Reality behind the Consecutive Tenses. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0414

The consecutive tenses are fundamental in all descriptions of Classical Hebrew grammar. They are even basic to the textbooks on Biblical Hebrew. Being fundamental in the verbal system, and part of any beginner’s grammar, they pose a serious problem to a linguistic understanding of the verbal system, since grammars describe an alternation of ‘forms’ or ‘tenses’ in double pairs: wayyiqṭol alternates with its ‘equivalent’ qaṭal, and wə-qaṭal alternates with its ‘equivalent’ yiqṭol.

This ‘enigma’ in the verbal system is handled in the book by recognising that the alternation of the consecutive tenses with other tenses, in the reality of the text, represents a linking of clauses. The ‘consecutive tenses’ are clause-types with a natural language connective wa- directly followed by a finite verbal morpheme, a type of clause that expressed continuity in the earliest stage of Semitic. The commonly held assumption that there is a special ‘consecutive waw’ is unwarranted. The use of the ‘consecutive’ clause-types in order to express discourse continuity indicates that Classical Hebrew has retained the old unmarked declarative word order of Semitic syntax. Seen in the light of recent research on the Tiberian reading tradition, the ‘consecutive’ wayyiqṭol can be analysed as a retention of the old Semitic past perfective *wa-yaqtul, which was pronounced wa-yiqṭol in Classical Hebrew. The ‘consecutive’ wə-qāṭal (pronounced wa-qaṭal in the classical language) constitutes the result of an internal Hebrew development into a construction (in the sense of Joan Bybee) already foreshadowed in the earliest Northwest Semitic languages.

The book understands the ‘consecutive tenses’ as discourse continuity clauses, which typically form chains of main line clauses. Such chains can be interrupted by other types of clauses. This interruption is a clause linking that receives special attention in the interpretation of the Classical Hebrew verbal system. Chapter six presents a regenerated text linguistics founded on the new terminology. A clause linking approach is the central methodological procedure in this book. To this must be added diachronic typology in a comparative Semitic setting. The linguistic examples of clause linking are gathered from a large Classical Hebrew corpus, the Pentateuch and the Book of Judges, and made searchable in a database of 6559 non-archaic text records.

By Giuliano Castagna, An Annotated Corpus of Three Hundred Proverbs, Sayings, and Idioms in Easte... more By Giuliano Castagna, An Annotated Corpus of Three Hundred Proverbs, Sayings, and Idioms in Eastern Jibbali/Śḥərɛ̄́t́􀡢 . Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0422

This book explores the rich paremiological heritage of Jibbali/Śḥərɛ̄́t, an endangered pre-literate language belonging to the Modern South Arabian sub-branch of Semitic, spoken by an ever-decreasing number of people in the Dhofar governorate of the Sultanate of Oman.

Reflecting the historical value of proverbs and idiomatic expression within the documentation of a language, Giuliano Castagna analyses a sizeable share of Jibbali/Śḥərɛ̄́t proverbs, sayings and idioms from Arabic-language publications, as well as hitherto unpublished expressions that reveal undocumented features in the domains of lexicon, phonetics, phonology and morphology.

Castagna’s grammatical analysis (phonetic, phonological and morphological) of these pieces of folk knowledge underpins the documentation of an obsolete lexicon. It is accompanied by a brief introduction to the study of proverbs (paremiology) and a succinct grammatical sketch of Jibbali/Śḥərɛ̄́t, making the book useful both to experts and to students of these topics.

Giuliano Castagna
(author)
Associate Research Fellow at Beijing Normal University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7421-5827
Giuliano Castagna is an Associate Research Fellow at the Research Centre for History and Cultures (RCHC) of Beijing Normal University (BNU) at Zhuhai, mainland China. After obtaining a PhD in Linguistics from the University of Leeds, he held as an Assistant Research position at the Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg. Castagna’s research focuses on the documentation of some aspects of the Modern South Arabian branch of the Semitic languages. In particular, he is interested in the obsolescent morphological categories of the Jibbali/ Śḥərɛ́t language such as quadri- and quinqueliteral nominals and verbs, native (i.e. non-Arabic) onomastics and paremiology, and the seemingly non-Semitic lexical items in Modern South Arabian, as well as the role and degree of involvement of pre-documentary Modern South Arabian-speaking people in the old Indian Ocean trade network.

By Sian Sullivan, Ute Dieckmann and Selma Lendelvo, Etosha Pan to the Skeleton Coast: Conservatio... more By Sian Sullivan, Ute Dieckmann and Selma Lendelvo, Etosha Pan to the Skeleton Coast: Conservation Histories, Policies and Practices in North-west Namibia. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024,
https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0402

Etosha Pan to the Skeleton Coast examines the conservation histories and concerns of one of southern Africa’s most iconic conservation regions: the variously connected ‘Etosha-Kunene’ areas of north-central and north-west Namibia. This cross-disciplinary volume brings together contributions from a Namibian and international group of scholars and conservation practitioners, working on topics ranging from colonial histories to water management, perceptions of ‘wildlife’ and the politics of belonging. Together, these essays confront a critical question: how can the conservation of biodiversity-rich landscapes be reconciled with historical injustices of social exclusion and marginalisation?

The book is organised in five parts: the first provides a historical backdrop for the book’s detailed case studies, focusing on environmental and conservation policy and legislation; the second investigates post-Independence approaches to conservation; the third focuses on ‘Etosha-Kunene’ ecologies and related management issues; the fourth explores how historical circumstances shape present conservation and cultural landscapes; and the fifth addresses contemporary complexities of lion conservation and community-based natural resource management (CBNRM).

By offering a comprehensive overview of evolving conservation boundaries, policies and practices in the region, this timely volume paves the way for the future design of conservation initiatives that more fully consider and integrate historical and cultural knowledge and diversity. Essential reading for conservation practitioners, policymakers, and academic researchers alike, this volume also serves as a valuable resource for university students interested in conservation studies and histories of conservation.

By George Corbett and Sarah Moerman (eds), Music and Spirituality: Theological Approaches, Empiri... more By George Corbett and Sarah Moerman (eds), Music and Spirituality: Theological Approaches, Empirical Methods, and Christian Worship. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024,
https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0403

The composer Sir James MacMillan has often referred to music as ‘the most spiritual of the arts’, and for many people, regardless of religious affiliation, this rings true. In listening to music, we are drawn to dimensions of human experience beyond the material. This collection brings together leading scholars from various disciplines – including Christian theology, musicology, and psychology and neuroscience – to interrogate the intimate relationship between music and spirituality.

Organised in three parts – theological approaches, empirical methods, and Christian worship – the volume covers a vibrant array of topics. From examining how the Covid-19 pandemic has reshaped the profile of contemporary worship to investigating the spiritual effects of bodily positioning in liturgical spaces, from exploring spiritual experience through heart and breathing activity, electrodermal activity, and saliva samples to comparing the spiritual experiences of British Methodists with Welsh sporting fans, these essays attend to the lived reality of people’s perceived spiritual experiences through music.

This collection will be an invaluable resource for scholars in the growing field of Christian theology and music, and will serve as a cornerstone for future research at the intersection of theology, music, and psychology and neuroscience. It will also appeal to anyone curious about why music consistently, across cultures, occupies a unique space bridging the material and spiritual dimensions of human life.

Contents
Introduction
(pp. 1–12)
George CorbettSarah Moerman
Foreword: A Composer’s Perspective’
(pp. 13–18)
James MacMillan
1. Encountering the Uncontrollable: Music’s Resistance to Reductionism and its Theological Ramifications
(pp. 21–40)
Jeremy Begbie
2. Cross and Consolation: Music’s Empathic Spirituality
(pp. 41–54)
Peter C. Bouteneff
3. Music, Breath, and Spirit
(pp. 55–72)
Michael O’Connor
4. An Adorative Posture towards Music and Spiritual Realities
(pp. 73–86)
Férdia J. Stone-Davis
5. Religion, Science, and Music: An Augustinian Trinity
(pp. 87–108)
Bennett Zon
6. Dissonant Spirituality: A Hermeneutical Aesthetics of Outlaw Country
(pp. 109–136)
C.M. Howell
7. From the Sacred to the Ordinary through the Lens of Psychological Science
(pp. 139–158)
Yeshaya David M. Greenberg
8. An Inquiry into Musical Trance
(pp. 159–192)
Dilara Turan
9. An Ethnomusicology of Spiritual Realities
(pp. 193–208)
Jeffers Engelhardt
10. The Concept of ‘Atmosphere’ as a Bridge between Music and Spirituality
(pp. 209–232)
Bernard Łukasz Sawicki
11. Spiritual Subjects: Musicking, Biography, and the Connections We Make
(pp. 233–254)
Maeve Louise Heaney
12. The Impetus to Compose: Where is Fantasy Bred?
(pp. 255–270)
Richard E. McGregor
13. Music in Christian Services as a Means to Induce Religious Feelings
(pp. 273–284)
Melanie Wald-Fuhrmann
14. Spiritual Cultures: Innovations in Choral and Classical Music
(pp. 285–304)
Jonathan Arnold
15. Listening to the Lived Experiences of Worshippers: A Study of Post-Pandemic Mixed Ecology Worship
(pp. 305–326)
Elspeth Manders
16. An Abductive Study of Digital Worship through the Lenses of Netnography and Digital Ecclesiology
(pp. 327–354)
Tihomir Lazić
17. Choral Singers and Spiritual Realities: A Perspective from St Mary’s Catholic Cathedral
(pp. 355–370)
Michael Ferguson
18. Music and Spirituality in Communal Song: Methodists and Welsh Sporting Crowds
(pp. 371–388)
Martin V. Clarke
Afterword: ‘A Psychologist’s Perspective’
(pp. 389–398)
John Sloboda
Contributors
George Corbett
(editor)
Professor of Theology, School of Divinity at University of St Andrews
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7043-3253
George Corbett is Professor of Theology at the University of St Andrews. His publications include Dante and Epicurus (2013), Dante’s Christian Ethics (2020), and, as editor, Annunciations: Sacred Music for the Twenty-First Century (2019).

Sarah Moerman
(editor)
Research Fellow in Theology and Music at University of St Andrews
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2279-9274
Sarah Moerman is a Research Fellow in Theology and Music at the University of St Andrews. She also holds a research fellowship in social cognition from the University of Birmingham which provides psychology cross-training for theologians. Her research focuses on the various intersections between music, theology, and psychology.

By Christian Canu Højgaard, Roles and Relations in Biblical Law: A Study of Participant Tracking,... more By Christian Canu Højgaard, Roles and Relations in Biblical Law: A Study of Participant Tracking, Semantic Roles, and Social Networks in Leviticus 17-26. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0376.
Leviticus 17–26, an ancient law text known as the Holiness Code, prescribes how particular persons are to behave in concrete, everyday situations. The addressees of the law text must revere their parents, respect the elderly, fear God, take care of their fellow, provide for the sojourner, and so on. The sojourner has his own obligations, as do the priests. Even God is said to behave in various ways towards various persons. Thus, the law text forms an intricate web of persons and interactions.

There is a growing awareness that ancient law texts were not arbitrary collections of legal paragraphs but articulations of certain world views. The laws were rational in their own respect and were based on the lawgiver’s ethos. However, since the ethical values of the lawgiver rarely—if ever—surface in the text itself, it has proven difficult to grasp with traditional, exegetical methods. This study offers a novel approach to mapping out the ethos of an ancient law text like Leviticus 17–26. By employing social network analysis, the participants and their interactions are mapped to scrutinize the ethical roles embodied by the persons of the law.

To accomplish this, the study undertakes meticulous research into both the participants and the interactions of Leviticus 17–26. The book investigates a semi-automatic approach to extracting participant information from a text and offers new methods for analysing Hebrew interactions (realised as verbal predicates) in terms of dynamicity, causation, and agency.
Christian Canu Højgaard
(author)
Assistant professor of Old Testament at Fjellhaug Internasjonale Høgskole
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1855-1017
Christian Canu Højgaard (PhD, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 2021, awarded cum laude) is Assistant Professor of Old Testament at Fjellhaug International University College Copenhagen. His main interests include Biblical Hebrew language (in particular verbal syntax and semantics), social readings of Biblical law, and digitalization of ancient texts. He is the general editor of Hiphil Novum, a journal for Biblical linguistics. He is currently involved in Creating Annotated Corpora of Classical Hebrew Text, a cross-institutional research project for the digitalization and annotation of ancient texts, and A Grammar of Biblical Hebrew led by Professor Geoffrey Khan.

By Luke Clossey, Jesus and the Making of the Modern Mind, 1380–1520. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Pub... more By Luke Clossey, Jesus and the Making of the Modern Mind, 1380–1520. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0371
For his fifteenth-century followers, Jesus was everywhere – from baptism to bloodcults to bowling. This sweeping and unconventional investigation looks at Jesus across one hundred forty years of social, cultural, and intellectual history. Mystics married him, Renaissance artists painted him in three dimensions, Muslim poets praised his life-giving breath, and Christopher (“Christ-bearing”) Columbus brought the symbol of his cross to the Americas. Beyond the European periphery, this global study follows Jesus across – and sometimes between – religious boundaries, from Greenland to Kongo to China.

Amidst this diversity, Jesus and the Making of the Modern Mind, 1380-1520 offers readers sympathetic and immersive insight into the religious realities of its subjects. To this end, this book identifies two perspectives: one uncovers hidden meanings and unexpected connections, while the other restricts Jesus to the space and time of human history. Minds that believed in Jesus, and those that opposed him, made use of both perspectives to make sense of their worlds.

This book includes over one hundred images, tables and audio clips.

By Theo Hermans (2023) A book summary and references for each chapter

By Zachary J. McDowell and Matthew A. Vetter -- The Open Access version of this book, available a... more By Zachary J. McDowell and Matthew A. Vetter -- The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 license.
This book presents a contemporary examination of what information is represented and discusses how that information is presented and who gets to participate (and serve as gatekeeper) in the world’s largest online repository for information, Wikipedia.
Bridging contemporary education research that addresses the ‘experiential epistemology’ of learning to use Wikipedia with an understanding of how the inception and design of the platform assists this, the book explores the complex disconnect between the encyclopedia’s formalized policy and the often unspoken norms that govern its knowledge-making processes. At times both laudatory and critical, this book illustrates Wikipedia’s struggle to combat systemic biases and lack of representation of marginalized topics as it becomes the standard bearer for equitable and accessible representation of reality in an age of digital disinformation and fake news.
Being an important and timely contribution to the field of media and communication studies, this book will appeal to academics and researchers interested in digital disinformation, information literacy, and representation on the Internet, as well as students studying these topics.

How to cite this work: Budha, VL 2023, The biblical concept of the ‘Davidic Covenant’ in 2 Samuel... more How to cite this work: Budha, VL 2023, The biblical concept of the ‘Davidic Covenant’ in 2 Samuel and Ezekiel and its implications for African leadership, in HTS Religion & Society Series, vol. 16, AVARSITY Books, Cape Town.

Synopsis
Scholars have offered insight into the Davidic Covenant and the future hope for Israel. However, their works up to this point have overlooked a detailed influence of 2 Samuel 7 on Ezekiel 34 and 37. Therefore, reading the text of Ezekiel in relation to the original form of the Davidic Covenant may reveal further indications of the literary, theological and conceptual influence of 2 Samuel 7 and the help it provides in understanding the function of the promised ruler in Ezekiel 34 and 37. To establish this influence, an intertextual approach proves to be relevant.

The intertextual approach used for the exegesis in this book establishes how biblical books are connected and proves the influence of the text of 2 Samuel on that of Ezekiel 34 and 37. The study of 2 Samuel 7 in relation to the Davidic Covenant underscores God’s faithfulness and concern for his people. Godly leadership is the kind of leadership that God desires for his people. Looking at the Davidic Covenant closely and God’s promises in the text of Ezekiel encompasses important implications for African leadership.

Translating Russian Literature in the Global Context examines the translation and reception of Ru... more Translating Russian Literature in the Global Context examines the translation and reception of Russian literature as a world-wide process. This volume aims to provoke new debate about the continued currency of Russian literature as symbolic capital for international readers, in particular for nations seeking to create or consolidate cultural and political leverage in the so-called ‘World Republic of Letters’. It also seeks to examine and contrast the mechanisms of the translation and uses of Russian literature across the globe.

This collection presents academic essays, grouped according to geographical location, by thirty-seven international scholars. Collectively, their expertise encompasses the global reception of Russian literature in Europe, the Former Soviet Republics, Africa, the Americas, and Asia. Their scholarship concentrates on two fundamental research areas: firstly, constructing a historical survey of the translation, publication, distribution and reception of Russian literature, or of one or more specific Russophone authors, in a given nation, language, or region; and secondly, outlining a socio-cultural microhistory of how a specific, highly influential local writer, genre, or literary group within the target culture has translated, transmitted, or adapted aspects of Russian literature in their own literary production. Each section is prefaced with a short essay by the co-editors, surveying the history of the reception of Russian literature in the given region.

Considered as a whole, these chapters offer a wholly new overview of the extent and intercultural penetration of Russian and Soviet literary soft power during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. This volume will open up Slavonic Translation Studies for the general reader, the student of Comparative Literature, and the academic scholar alike.

From its famous novelists of the 19th century to its underground literary dissidents, Russophone literature has long presented thought-provoking texts to readers and writers alike. This expansive collection looks at the crucial step of translation into other languages, covering most of the world and offering insight into the aesthetic and political factors at play in various instances as well as the individuals - critics, translators, and publishers - who made it happen.

Prof Sibelan Forrester,
Swarthmore College

Attribution should include the following information.
Muireann Maguire and Cathy McAteer (eds), Translating Russian Literature in the Global Context. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0340

Zhaoyu Bing & Jim Hlavac Chinese-English medical translation informed by findings from contrastiv... more Zhaoyu Bing & Jim Hlavac
Chinese-English medical translation informed by findings
from contrastive linguistics and discourse analysis
Abstract
The volume of technical, scientific, and academic texts translated between Chinese and English is considerable, and this volume will likely continue to increase. This paper examines Chinese and English medical research articles in both languages and provides an empirically-based examination of select syntactic and discourse-based features. Specifically, this paper focuses on characteristic features of the genre of pharmaceutical research articles in both Chinese and English: verb forms, voice and authorial positionality. Examination of the statistical frequency of the following is undertaken: verb forms (via either finite tense or ‘overt’ tense marking); grammatical voice (active vs passive); and authorial positionality (use of personal pronouns, full-form nouns, or impersonal constructions). By examining the statistical frequency of each of these in a sample of eight research articles across both languages, this paper offers a practice-based guide to the translation of medical research papers via findings from contrastive linguistics and discourse analysis. These findings may inform specialists as well as trainee translators working in either language direction.

From Mind to Text: Continuities and Breaks Between Cognitive, Aesthetic and Textualist Approaches... more From Mind to Text: Continuities and Breaks Between Cognitive, Aesthetic
and Textualist Approaches to Literature explores the historical context of
theory formation and of its contemporary status, including an overview of
debates about theory’s role in literary studies provided both by representatives of theory itself, as well as by those who distance themselves from it.
Bartosz Stopel is Assistant Professor at the Institute of English Cultures
and Literatures, University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.

Rędzioch-Korkuz, Anna. "Revisiting the concepts of translation studies: equivalence in linguistic... more Rędzioch-Korkuz, Anna. "Revisiting the concepts of translation studies: equivalence in linguistic translation from the point of view of Peircean universal categories" Language and Semiotic Studies, vol. 9, no. 1, 2023, pp. 33-53. https://doi.org/10.1515/lass-2022-0008
Abstract
The concept of equivalence seems to be one of the most contentious issues of the academic discourse on linguistic translation, as it has long been associated with the much criticised approaches that would follow the naive idea of sameness or close correspondence between languages. For these reasons there have been voices claiming that the concept is not needed and, as such, should be rejected. However, equivalence is central to linguistic translation, being one of the main goals of this activity, even though it is often hidden behind other concepts, including adequacy, relevance or interpretive resemblance. Accordingly, a more global approach offered by semiotics may help to revisit the traditional, yet unpopular, understanding of equivalence. This article attempts to discuss the concept of equivalence from the point of view of the universal categories put forward by Charles Sanders Peirce. To this end it provides an overview of approaches to equivalence within the discipline of translation studies, lists the most pertinent features of the concept and refers them to Peirce’s universal categories. It is argued that equivalence is founded on the triad similarity-difference-mediation that is determined by and within the context of translation.

Keywords: equivalence; linguistic translation; Peirce; semiotics; translation studies; universal categories

By Mykhaylo Yakubovych, The Kingdom and the Qur’an: Translating the Holy Book of Islam in Saudi A... more By Mykhaylo Yakubovych, The Kingdom and the Qur’an: Translating the Holy Book of Islam in Saudi Arabia. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024,
https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0381

This book presents a detailed analysis of the translation of the Qur’an in Saudi Arabia, the most important global actor in the promotion, production and dissemination of Qur’an translations.

From the first attempts at translation in the mid-twentieth century to more recent state-driven efforts concerned with international impact, The Kingdom and the Qur’an adeptly elucidates the link between contemporary Islamic theology and the advent of modern print culture. It investigates this critical juncture in both Middle Eastern political history and the intellectual evolution of the Muslim world, interweaving literary, socio-historical, and socio-anthropological threads to depict the intricate backdrop of the Saudi ‘Qur'an translation movement’.

Mykhaylo Yakubovych provides a comprehensive historical overview of the debates surrounding the translatability of the Qur'an, as well as exploring the impact of the burgeoning translation and dissemination of the holy book upon Wahhabi and Salafi interpretations of Islam. Backed by meticulous research and drawing on a wealth of sources, this work illuminates an essential facet of global Islamic culture and scholarly discourse.

Contents
Introduction
(pp. 1–8)
Mykhaylo Yakubovych
1. Twentieth-Century Debates on the Translatability of the Qur’an in the Middle East
(pp. 9–34)
Mykhaylo Yakubovych
2. The Muslim World League: A Forerunner to International Translational daʿwa Networks
(pp. 35–54)
Mykhaylo Yakubovych
3. The Hilālī-Khān Translation : The First Interpretation of the Qur’an in a Foreign Language by Saudi Scholars
(pp. 55–88)
Mykhaylo Yakubovych
4. The King Fahd Complex for the Printing of the Qur’an: A Turning Point in the History of Qur’an Translations
(pp. 89–146)
Mykhaylo Yakubovych
5. Translation for Everyone : Collaborative Saudi Publishing Projects in Foreign Languages
(pp. 147–176)
Mykhaylo Yakubovych
Conclusion
(pp. 177–184)
Mykhaylo Yakubovych

Attribution should include the following information: Neil Thomas Smith, Peter Peters and Karoly ... more Attribution should include the following information:
Neil Thomas Smith, Peter Peters and Karoly Molina, Classical Music Futures: Practices of Innovation. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers, 2024,
https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0353 --
This volume brings together contributions from a wide range of international academics and practitioners. It traces innovations within classical music practice, showing how these offer divergent visions for its future. The interdisciplinary contributions to the volume highlight the way contrasting ideas of the future can effect change in the present.

A rich balance of theoretical and practical discussion brings authority to this collection, which lays the foundations for timely responses to challenges ranging from the concept of the musical work, and the colonial values within Western musical culture, to unsustainable models of orchestral touring. The authors highlight how labour to meet the demands of particular futures for classical music might impact its creation and consumption, presenting case studies to capture the mediating roles of technology and community engagement.

This book will be of interest to scholars and students in the fields of musicology and the sociology of music, as well as a general audience of practitioners, freelance musicians, music administrators and educators.

Open World Learning Research, Innovation and the Challenges of High-Quality Education Edited By B... more Open World Learning
Research, Innovation and the Challenges of High-Quality Education
Edited By Bart Rienties, Regine Hampel, Eileen Scanlon, Denise Whitelock
Edition1st Edition
First Published 2022
eBook Published25 January 2022
Pub. Location London
Imprint Routledge
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4324/9781003177098
Pages298
eBook ISBN9781003177098
Subjects Education
OA Funder The Open University

ABSTRACT
This book provides state-of-the-art contemporary research insights into key applications and processes in open world learning. Open world learning seeks to understand access to education, structures, and the presence of dialogue and support systems. It explores how the application of open world and educational technologies can be used to create opportunities for open and high-quality education.

Presenting ground-breaking research from an award winning Leverhulme doctoral training programme, the book provides several integrated and cohesive perspectives of the affordances and limitations of open world learning. The chapters feature a wide range of open world learning topics, ranging from theoretical and methodological discussions to empirical demonstrations of how open world learning can be effectively implemented, evaluated, and used to inform theory and practice. The book brings together a range of innovative uses of technology and practice in open world learning from 387,134 learners and educators learning and working in 136 unique learning contexts across the globe and considers the enablers and disablers of openness in learning, ethical and privacy implications, and how open world learning can be used to foster inclusive approaches to learning across educational sectors, disciplines and countries.

The book is unique in exploring the complex, contradictory and multi-disciplinary nature of open world learning at an international level and will be of great interest to academics, researchers, professionals, and policy makers in the field of education technology, e-learning and digital education.

The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

The Theory-Practice Relationship and Openness By Stephen Pinfield, Simon Wakeling, David Bawden, ... more The Theory-Practice Relationship and Openness
By Stephen Pinfield, Simon Wakeling, David Bawden, Lyn Robinson
Edition1st Edition
First Published2020
eBook Published8 July 2020
Pub. Location London
Imprint Routledge
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4324/9780429276842
Pages256
eBook ISBN9780429276842
Subjects: Economics, Finance, Business & Industry, Education, Humanities, Reference & Information Science
OA Funder University of Sheffield --
ABSTRACT
Open Access in Theory and Practice investigates the theory-practice relationship in the domain of open access publication and dissemination of research outputs.

Drawing on detailed analysis of the literature and current practice in OA, as well as data collected in detailed interviews with practitioners, policymakers, and researchers, the book discusses what constitutes ‘theory’, and how the role of theory is perceived by both theorists and practitioners. Exploring the ways theory and practice have interacted in the development of OA, the authors discuss what this reveals about the nature of the OA phenomenon itself and the theory-practice relationship.

Open Access in Theory and Practice contributes to a better understanding of OA and, as such, should be of great interest to academics, researchers, and students working in the fields of information science, publishing studies, science communication, higher education policy, business, and economics. The book also makes an important contribution to the debate of the relationship between theory and practice in information science, and more widely across different fields of the social sciences and humanities.

By Sawyer Moranville (https://www.linguadeogloria.com/books)

The ESV Church History Study Bible is designed to help believers in all seasons of life understan... more The ESV Church History Study Bible is designed to help believers in all seasons of life understand the Bible with notes from over 300 of church history’s most prominent figures. Edited by Stephen J. Nichols, Gerald Bray, and Keith A. Mathison, this Bible features 20,000+ study notes from historical figures including Athanasius of Alexandria, John Chrysostom, Martin Luther, John Bunyan, Jonathan Edwards, and Charles Spurgeon. This study Bible also includes articles by trusted scholars on major aspects of church history, a glossary of historical figures, and “This Passage in History” callouts. Created for serious readers, students, and teachers of God’s Word, the ESV Church History Study Bible highlights voices from the past offering wisdom for the present.

SOURCE: https://www.crossway.org/articles/crossway-special-up-to-50-off-the-new-church-history-study-bible/?utm_source=Crossway+Marketing&utm_campaign=81987fef52-20230118+-+Demo+-+Introducing+the+CHSB&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_0275bcaa4b-81987fef52-283753153

By Philip Noss Abstract Jewish Bible Translations, by the renowned Jewish scholar Leonard Greensp... more By Philip Noss
Abstract
Jewish Bible Translations, by the renowned Jewish scholar Leonard Greenspoon, is a classic study of the translation of the Bible. The first of its kind, it is an informative and instructive model for Bible translation studies. It describes the Bible’s translations by a people who were nationless over three millennia. Living in a plethora of different settings, experiencing an infinite variety of conditions, they have rendered their sacred document in many languages, upholding their belief in one God, and maintaining their religious practices up to the present time.
Keywords
Bible, diaspora, functional equivalence, Jewish, Judaism, Septuagint, translation

Announcing a new book on the history of Bible translation in Southern Africa.

By: Hedley, Scott. Mission Studies: Journal of the International Association for Mission Studies.... more By: Hedley, Scott. Mission Studies: Journal of the International Association for Mission Studies. 2013, Vol. 30 Issue 2, p261-262. 2p. DOI: 10.1163/15733831-12341293.

By Christopher Lovelace Pre-publication draft, later published in Conspectus 33, May 2022, https:... more By Christopher Lovelace
Pre-publication draft, later published in Conspectus 33, May 2022,
https://sats.ac.za/conspectus/

Here is where you may order the book: https://thebibletranslator.org/cart/ For some reason, Amaz... more Here is where you may order the book: https://thebibletranslator.org/cart/
For some reason, Amazon does not have the 2nd edition available yet.
Unfortunately, the introductory price (last year) has gone up to $30--why so much, I don't know!

A discussion of the book, "Sympathy for the Traitor: A Translation Manifesto" by Mark Polizzotti.

Otto Johnston, emeritus professor of German, University of Florida, published this review in the ... more Otto Johnston, emeritus professor of German, University of Florida, published this review in the Fall 2020 issue of Delos: A Journal of Translation and World Literature from the University of Florida. Delos Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 254–258. Copyright © 2020 University of Florida Press. doi: 10.5744/delos.2020.2017

A short summary (October 2024)

This learning environment uses the Hebrew Bible as the tutor and trainer enabling the learner to ... more This learning environment uses the Hebrew Bible as the tutor and trainer enabling the learner to do exercises created by the Biblical text. Learners define their own individual goals and can study and practice online any time they want. Personal dedication is the only limit! (Dr. Nicolai Winter-Nielsen)

This is an older study (OPTAT 1987) but may still have some historical value.

An overview of the different aspects of a Bible translation that need to be evaluated in the effo... more An overview of the different aspects of a Bible translation that need to be evaluated in the effort to determine its relative "quality" in relation to a particular audience/readership group and contextual setting.

Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages 33:1, 101-124, 2007

This selective overview was stimulated by the discussion of “parallelism” in the recent study of ... more This selective overview was stimulated by the discussion of “parallelism” in the recent study of “word-order variation in Biblical Hebrew poetry” by Nicholas Lunn (2006). The description of this distinctive compositional feature of poetry in the Old Testament is not a major aspect of Lunn’s ground-breaking exposition of the pragmatic dimension of lexical positioning in poetic lines, but several issues were raised by his discussion of the phenomenon that I would like to explore further from a literary-rhetorical perspective. My treatment begins with an examination of some
classic scholarly definitions of parallelism. This lays the groundwork for my specific interaction with Lunn, which then leads to a brief discussion of my notion of “extended parallelism,” as illustrated with reference to Psalm 103. My cursory analysis may serve to stimulate others to take up a more detailed exploration of this important subject which, though it is a well-known and well-worn topic in past studies, is not without its lingering ambiguities and points of controversy, which at times significantly affect Bible interpretation and translation as well.

By Dianne Conrad (ed.), Research, Writing, and Creative Process in Open and Distance Education: T... more By Dianne Conrad (ed.), Research, Writing, and Creative Process in Open and Distance Education: Tales from the Field. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0356
This collection of reflective essays is a treasure trove of advice, reflection and hard-won experience from experts in the field of open and distance education. Each chapter offers tried-and-tested advice for nascent academic writers, delivered with personal, rich, and wonderful stories of the authors’ careers, their process, their research and their writing, and the struggles and triumphs they have encountered in the course of their careers.

The contributors explore the philosophies that guide their work, the conflicts and barriers they have overcome and the mentors and opportunities that sustain and stimulate them, always focused on making their experiences relevant and useful for scholars who are in the early stages of their writing lives. These rich and informative essays will appeal to anyone who wants to learn more about the crafts of research and writing, and the unseen struggles involved in publishing and “being heard.”

By Nicolai Winther-Nielsen, teol dr Professor of Hebrew Bible and Information and Communicat... more By Nicolai Winther-Nielsen, teol dr

Professor of Hebrew Bible and Information and Communication Technology

Dansk Bibel-Institut Leifsgade 33, 6.sal 2300 København S

Affiliated staff Eep Talstra Center for Bible and Computer, VU University Amsterdam.

Guest researcher Aalborg University, Editor HIPHIL Novum.

Director of Global Learning Initiative; project manager for Maymann IT & Madagaskarvanilje.dk

Ordained as pastor at Emdrup church

Contact: nwn@dbi.edu nicolaiwn@gmail.com Skype: nicolaiw-n. Telph +45 51347929

Adr private: Frederiksborgvej 205B, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark

By Ingo Gildenhard, Cicero, Philippic 2, 44–50, 78–92, 100–119. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocab... more By Ingo Gildenhard, Cicero, Philippic 2, 44–50, 78–92, 100–119. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, and Commentary. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2018. https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0156
Cicero composed his incendiary Philippics only a few months after Rome was rocked by the brutal assassination of Julius Caesar. In the tumultuous aftermath of Caesar’s death, Cicero and Mark Antony found themselves on opposing sides of an increasingly bitter and dangerous battle for control. Philippic 2 was a weapon in that war.
Conceived as Cicero’s response to a verbal attack from Antony in the Senate, Philippic 2 is a rhetorical firework that ranges from abusive references to Antony’s supposedly sordid sex life to a sustained critique of what Cicero saw as Antony’s tyrannical ambitions. Vituperatively brilliant and politically committed, it is both a carefully crafted literary artefact and an explosive example of crisis rhetoric. It ultimately led to Cicero’s own gruesome death.
This course book offers a portion of the original Latin text, vocabulary aids, study questions, and an extensive commentary. Designed to stretch and stimulate readers, Ingo Gildenhard’s volume will be of particular interest to students of Latin studying for A-Level or on undergraduate courses. It extends beyond detailed linguistic analysis to encourage critical engagement with Cicero, his oratory, the politics of late-republican Rome, and the transhistorical import of Cicero’s politics of verbal (and physical) violence.
Contents
Preface and Acknowledgements
(pp. 1–2)
Ingo Gildenhard
Introduction
(pp. 3–42)
Ingo Gildenhard
Text
(pp. 43–128)
Ingo Gildenhard
Commentary
(pp. 129–456)
Ingo Gildenhard
Contributors
Ingo Gildenhard
(author)
Reader in Classics and the Classical Tradition at University of Cambridge

By Ingo Gildenhard and John Henderson, Virgil, Aeneid 11 (Pallas & Camilla), 1–224, 498–521, 532–... more By Ingo Gildenhard and John Henderson, Virgil, Aeneid 11 (Pallas & Camilla), 1–224, 498–521, 532–96, 648–89, 725–835. Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, and commentary. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2018, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0158.
A dead boy (Pallas) and the death of a girl (Camilla) loom over the opening and the closing part of the eleventh book of the Aeneid. Following the savage slaughter in Aeneid 10, the book opens in a mournful mood as the warring parties revisit yesterday’s killing fields to attend to their dead. One casualty in particular commands attention: Aeneas’ protégé Pallas, killed and despoiled by Turnus in the previous book. His death plunges his father Evander and his surrogate father Aeneas into heart-rending despair – and helps set up the foundational act of sacrificial brutality that caps the poem, when Aeneas seeks to avenge Pallas by slaying Turnus in wrathful fury. Turnus’ departure from the living is prefigured by that of his ally Camilla, a maiden schooled in the martial arts, who sets the mold for warrior princesses such as Xena and Wonder Woman. In the final third of Aeneid 11, she wreaks havoc not just on the battlefield but on gender stereotypes and the conventions of the epic genre, before she too succumbs to a premature death. In the portions of the book selected for discussion here, Virgil offers some of his most emotive (and disturbing) meditations on the tragic nature of human existence – but also knows how to lighten the mood with a bit of drag.

This course book offers the original Latin text, vocabulary aids, study questions, and an extensive commentary. Designed to stretch and stimulate readers, Ingo Gildenhard’s volume will be of particular interest to students of Latin studying for A-Level or on undergraduate courses. It extends beyond detailed linguistic analysis to encourage critical engagement with Virgil’s poetry and the most recent scholarly thought.

King's College, Cambridge, has generously contributed to this publication.

"I, Martin Luther, Doctor, of the Order of Monks at Wittemberg, desire to testify publicly that c... more "I, Martin Luther, Doctor, of the Order of Monks at Wittemberg, desire to testify publicly that certain propositions against pontifical indulgences, as they call them, have been put forth by me." This volume is a collection of several works by the father of the Reformation, Martin Luther, edited by Henry Wace. First is a series of introductory essays by Wace and others, and a synopsis of the theology of the Reformation in his famous 95 Theses. These Theses are, per the title, included in this work. The other three primary works in this publication are: "To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation Respecting the Reformation of the Christian Estate," "Concerning Christian Liberty," and "On the Babylonish Captivity of the Church." All three are a collection of writings and letters Luther authored on each religious issue. All three pieces, as well as the Theses, are valuable works of literature written by one of the most important Christian figures ever, and should be studied and treasured.

SOURCE: https://ccel.org/ccel/luther/first_prin

By David Torollo, Sefer ha-Pardes by Jedaiah ha-Penini. Cambridge Semitic Languages and Cultures ... more By David Torollo, Sefer ha-Pardes by Jedaiah ha-Penini. Cambridge Semitic Languages and Cultures 13. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2022, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0299

This groundbreaking new work is the first full critical edition and English translation of the Hebrew book Sefer ha-Pardes [The Book of the Orchard], written at the end of the thirteenth century by the Provençal Jewish author Jedaiah ha-Penini. It is purportedly an example of musar: a compilation of wise epigrams and meshalim [parables] that teach moral lessons on different topics, such as the service of God, friendship, the deceitfulness of the world, medicine, logic, music, magic, and poetry. However, it is in reality a compendium of sayings that reveal the author’s personal views and feelings on a variety of religious topics, secular sciences, and their practitioners.

David Torollo presents a fluent and illuminating English-Hebrew parallel text based on four sixteenth-century witnesses: three manuscripts and a printed edition. A rigorous study accompanies and contextualises the Hebrew work, exploring Sefer ha-Pardes’s transmission and reception in different places over time; its structure and content; its place in the intellectual environment and literary tradition of Provence; and possible lines of enquiry for future research.
This essential new work offers a significant contribution to scholarship in the field of Medieval Hebrew Hispano-Provencal literature.

This book explores the discourse in and of translation within and across cultures and languages. ... more This book explores the discourse in and of translation within and across cultures and languages. From the macro aspects of translation as an inter- cultural project to actual analysis of textual ingredients that contribute to translation and interpreting as discourse, the ten chapters represent different explorations of ‘global’ theories of discourse and translation. Offering interrogations of theories and practices within different sociocultural environments and traditions (Eastern and Western), Discourse in Translation considers a plethora of domains, including historiography, ethics, technical and legal discourse, subtitling, and the politics of media translation as representation. This is key reading for all those working on translation and discourse within translation studies and linguistics.
URI
https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/64392
Keywords
African translation;Arabic translation;Arabic translation studies;Basil Hatim;Chinese translation;Discourse analysis;ethics;historiography;Interpreting studies;Linguistics;Literature & Translation;language and culture;politics and media representation;Said Faiq;subtitling;Translation;Translation Studies;technical and legal texts;translation and discourse;translation and interpreting
DOI
10.4324/9781315098791
ISBN
9781315098791, 9781138298163, 9780367732585
Publisher
Taylor & Francis
Publisher website
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com/
Publication date and place
2019
Imprint
Routledge
Classification
Translation & interpretation
linguistics
Language: reference & general
Pages
242
Rights
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode

Everything about this book makes it immediately and brilliantly valuable and exciting for the st... more Everything about this book makes it immediately and brilliantly valuable and exciting for the student of Latin and Cicero, and teachers of A Level Latin have much reason to thank Professor Gildenhard.
— Stephen Jenkin, The Classics Library

Looting, despoiling temples, attempted rape and judicial murder: these are just some of the themes of this classic piece of writing by one of the world’s greatest orators. This particular passage is from the second book of Cicero’s Speeches against Verres, who was a former Roman magistrate on trial for serious misconduct. Cicero presents the lurid details of Verres’ alleged crimes in exquisite and sophisticated prose.
This volume provides a portion of the original text of Cicero’s speech in Latin, a detailed commentary, study aids, and a translation. As a literary artefact, the speech gives us insight into how the supreme master of Latin eloquence developed what we would now call rhetorical "spin". As an historical document, it provides a window into the dark underbelly of Rome’s imperial expansion and exploitation of the Near East.
Ingo Gildenhard’s illuminating commentary on this A-Level set text will be of particular interest to students of Latin at both high school and undergraduate level. It will also be a valuable resource to Latin teachers and to anyone interested in Cicero, language and rhetoric, and the legal culture of Ancient Rome.

I welcome feedback on this edition, critical and otherwise, as well as suggestions of what further supplementary material or digital resources could be made available on this website. Please leave your comments in the comment tab on this site, or email me directly at ig297@cam.ac.uk.

Ingo Gildenhard is Reader in Classics and the Classical Tradition at Cambridge University, and a Fellow of King’s College Cambridge. Ingo specializes in Latin literature (with a special emphasis on Cicero, Virgil, and Ovid); Roman culture (especially the political culture of the Roman republic and early principate); the classical tradition and literary and social theory. His previous publications include the monographs Paideia Romana: Cicero's Tusculan Disputations (2007), Creative Eloquence: The Construction of Reality in Cicero's Speeches (2011) and The Classical Tradition: Art, Literature, Thought (with Michael Silk and Rosemary Barrow) (2014). He has also published several textbooks with OBP: Virgil, Aeneid, 4.1-299: Latin Text, Study Questions, Commentary and Interpretative Essays, (with Mathew Owen) Tacitus, Annals, 15.20-23, 33-45. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, and Commentary, Cicero, On Pompey’s Command (De Imperio), 27-49 (with Louise Hodgson), and Cicero, Philippic 2, 44–50, 78–92, 100–119.

This book is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. This license allows for copying any part of the work for personal and non-commercial use, providing author attribution is clearly stated. Attribution should include the following information:
Gildenhard, Ingo. Cicero, Against Verres, 2.1.53–86. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2011.

Ingo Gildenhard, Cicero, Against Verres, 2.1.53-86. Latin Text with Introduction, Study Questions, Commentary and English Translation. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2011, https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0016

Philip S. Peek. Ancient Greek I: A 21st Century Approach. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 20... more Philip S. Peek. Ancient Greek I: A 21st Century Approach. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2021. https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0264

In this elementary textbook, Philip S. Peek draws on his twenty-five years of teaching experience to present the ancient Greek language in an imaginative and accessible way that promotes creativity, deep learning, and diversity.

The course is built on three pillars: memory, analysis, and logic. Readers memorize the top 250 most frequently occurring ancient Greek words, the essential word endings, the eight parts of speech, and the grammatical concepts they will most frequently encounter when reading authentic ancient texts. Analysis and logic exercises enable the translation and parsing of genuine ancient Greek sentences, with compelling reading selections in English and in Greek offering starting points for contemplation, debate, and reflection. A series of embedded Learning Tips help teachers and students to think in practical and imaginative ways about how they learn.

This combination of memory-based learning and concept- and skill-based learning gradually builds the confidence of the reader, teaching them how to learn by guiding them from a familiarity with the basics to proficiency in reading this beautiful language. Ancient Greek I: A 21st-Century Approach is written for high-school and university students, but is an instructive and rewarding text for anyone who wishes to learn ancient Greek.

Sean McAleer, Plato’s Republic: An Introduction (Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2020), http... more Sean McAleer, Plato’s Republic: An Introduction (Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2020), https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0229 --
It is an excellent book – highly intelligent, interesting and original. Expressing high philosophy in a readable form without trivialising it is a very difficult task and McAleer manages the task admirably. Plato is, yet again, intensely topical in the chaotic and confused world in which we are now living.
Philip Allott, Professor Emeritus of International Public Law at Cambridge University

This book is a lucid and accessible companion to Plato’s Republic, throwing light upon the text’s arguments and main themes, placing them in the wider context of the text’s structure. In its illumination of the philosophical ideas underpinning the work, it provides readers with an understanding and appreciation of the complexity and literary artistry of Plato’s Republic. McAleer not only unpacks the key overarching questions of the text – What is justice? And Is a just life happier than an unjust life? – but also highlights some fascinating, overlooked passages which contribute to our understanding of Plato’s philosophical thought.

Plato’s 'Republic': An Introduction offers a rigorous and thought-provoking analysis of the text, helping readers navigate one of the world’s most influential works of philosophy and political theory. With its approachable tone and clear presentation, it constitutes a welcome contribution to the field, and will be an indispensable resource for philosophy students and teachers, as well as general readers new to, or returning to, the text.

An Annotated Latin Text, with a Prose Translation By Catherine Tracy, Epidicus by Plautus: An Ann... more An Annotated Latin Text, with a Prose Translation
By Catherine Tracy, Epidicus by Plautus: An Annotated Latin Text, with a Prose Translation. Cambridge, UK:
Open Book Publishers, 2021. https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0269
Epidicus, a light-hearted comedy by Plautus about the machinations of a trickster slave and the inadequacies of his bumbling masters, appears here in both its original Latin and a sparkling new translation by Catherine Tracy. Epidicus, the cunning slave, is charged with finding his master’s illegitimate daughter and the secret girlfriend of his master’s son, but a comedy of mistaken identities and competing interests ensues. Amid the mayhem, Epidicus aims to win his freedom whilst risking some of the grislier punishments the Romans inflicted on their unfortunate slaves.

This parallel edition in both Latin and English, with its accessible introduction and comprehensive notes, guides the reader through this popular Roman play. Tracy explores Epidicus’s roots in Greek drama, its rich social resonances for a Roman audience and its life in performance. She transforms Plautus' colloquial Latin poetry into lively modern English prose, illuminating the play’s many comedic references to the world of the Roman republic.

This fine introduction to an enduring play will be of great use and enjoyment for undergraduate students of Latin drama and the general reader alike.

Bret Mulligan, Cornelius Nepos, ‘Life of Hannibal’. Latin Text, Notes, Maps, and Vocabulary. Camb... more Bret Mulligan, Cornelius Nepos, ‘Life of Hannibal’. Latin Text, Notes, Maps, and Vocabulary. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0068
Latin text, notes, maps, illustrations and vocabulary.
Trebia. Trasimene. Cannae. With three stunning victories, Hannibal humbled Rome and nearly shattered its empire. Even today Hannibal's brilliant, if ultimately unsuccessful, campaign against Rome during the Second Punic War (218-202 BC) make him one of history's most celebrated military leaders. This biography by Cornelius Nepos (c. 100-27 BC) sketches Hannibal's life from the time he began traveling with his father's army as a young boy, through his sixteen-year invasion of Italy and his tumultuous political career in Carthage, to his perilous exile and eventual suicide in the East.

As Rome completed its bloody transition from dysfunctional republic to stable monarchy, Nepos labored to complete an innovative and influential collection of concise biographies. Putting aside the detailed, chronological accounts of military campaigns and political machinations that characterized most writing about history, Nepos surveyed Roman and Greek history for distinguished men who excelled in a range of prestigious occupations. In the exploits and achievements of these illustrious men, Nepos hoped that his readers would find models for the honorable conduct of their own lives. Although most of Nepos' works have been lost, we are fortunate to have his biography of Hannibal. Nepos offers a surprisingly balanced portrayal of a man that most Roman authors vilified as the most monstrous foe that Rome had ever faced.

Nepos' straightforward style and his preference for common vocabulary make Life of Hannibal accessible for those who are just beginning to read continuous Latin prose, while the historical interest of the subject makes it compelling for readers of every ability.
This book contains embedded audio files of the original text read aloud by Christopher Francese.

This book is part of our Classics Series in partnership with Dickinson College Commentaries (DCC). Mulligan's commentary is also available online at http://dcc.dickinson.edu/nepos-hannibal/preface

Title: Cornelius Nepos, 'Life of Hannibal': Latin text, notes, maps, illustrations and vocabulary
Author: Bret Mulligan
Publication date: October 2015
Number of pages: 174
Dimensions: 6.14" x 9.21" | 234 x 156

Owen, Mathew and Gildenhard, Ingo. Tacitus, Annals, 15.20–23, 33–45. Cambridge, UK: Open Book ... more Owen, Mathew and Gildenhard, Ingo. Tacitus, Annals, 15.20–23, 33–45. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2013. DOI: 10.11647/OBP.0035
The emperor Nero is etched into the Western imagination as one of ancient Rome’s most infamous villains, and Tacitus’ Annals have played a central role in shaping the mainstream historiographical understanding of this flamboyant autocrat.

This section of the text plunges us straight into the moral cesspool that Rome had apparently become in the later years of Nero’s reign, chronicling the emperor’s fledgling stage career including his plans for a grand tour of Greece; his participation in a city-wide orgy climaxing in his publicly consummated ‘marriage’ to his toy boy Pythagoras; the great fire of AD 64, during which large parts of central Rome went up in flames; and the rising of Nero’s ‘grotesque’ new palace, the so-called ‘Golden House’, from the ashes of the city. This building project stoked the rumours that the emperor himself was behind the conflagration, and Tacitus goes on to present us with Nero’s gruesome efforts to quell these mutterings by scapegoating and executing members of an unpopular new cult then starting to spread through the Roman empire: Christianity.

All this contrasts starkly with four chapters focusing on one of Nero’s most principled opponents, the Stoic senator Thrasea Paetus, an audacious figure of moral fibre, who courageously refuses to bend to the forces of imperial corruption and hypocrisy.

This course book offers a portion of the original Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, and a commentary. Designed to stretch and stimulate readers, Owen’s and Gildenhard’s incisive commentary will be of particular interest to students of Latin at both A2 and undergraduate level. It extends beyond detailed linguistic analysis and historical background to encourage critical engagement with Tacitus’ prose and discussion of the most recent scholarly thought.

We welcome feedback on this edition, critical and otherwise, as well as suggestions of what further supplementary material or digital resources could be made available on this website. Please leave your comments in the comment tab on this site, or email us directly at ig297@cam.ac.uk and mathew.owen@caterhamschool.co.uk

Affordable for anyone with access to the Internet (including a free printable version), this selection of excerpts from the Annals functions well for a college-level course of reading and interpreting Tacitus in Latin. [...] the overall approach for this edition has been to produce a very scholarly and thought-provoking textbook available to anyone regardless of cost. The philosophy of Open Book Publishers is part of a movement that is challenging the established publishing order not only in terms of price but in quality of scholarship, as this textbook proves [...]. With the source of this textbook housed on a website, any of these sections can be augmented, revised, and appended from day to day. Readers are allowed to comment on any paragraph, so the potential for interactive reading across geographical boundaries exists through this portal. This is the first textbook of this kind that I have encountered, and I hope it will not be the last of this caliber.
—Andre Stipanovic, Classical Journal online (5 December 2014)

Created to serve as a component of the British A-level curriculum in Latin, this textbook is designed for newcomers to Tacitus, offering background and support aimed at the novice reader of Latin historiography. I assess it here for a rather different remit than its designated purpose, concentrating on the possibilities of using it "off-label" for teaching college courses in the U.S. and elsewhere. Owen and Gildenhard offer an enticing window onto the range of modern scholarship on a small and manageable sliver of Tacitus’ capacious literary output, while highlighting the text’s intrinsic value and relevance. The central episode of the selected Latin text is Tacitus’ narrative of the Great Fire of 64 (with substantial amounts of build-up and aftermath), while the introduction and commentary offer thought-provoking explorations of Tacitean style, as well as of Neronian politics. [...] Virtues commending Owen and Gildenhard to advanced undergraduate students (or indeed, to early graduate students looking to familiarize themselves with the major interpretive issues of this section of the Annals) include a witty and engaging writing style, a wide-ranging and informative set of introductory essays, and a fluent command of past and current scholarship on Nero, Tacitus, and the Annals.Overall, this book’s exuberant and playful approach to Tacitus' grimly ironic narrative is one I find highly appealing [...].
—Virginia Closs (University of Massachusetts-Amherst), Bryn Mawr Classical Review (17 October 2014)

Should we invest in the (extremely reasonable) cost of this new publication? (Note that the convenient digital provision of the publication makes this vanishingly small when compared to traditional textbooks…!) Will it, moreover, make life easier, both for myself and my students? Will it, above all, make Tacitus even more enjoyable and interesting? The answer to all these questions is a resounding ‘Yes’.
— Paul J Cowie, Classics Head of Department, The John Lyon School, http://bit.ly/19A39rt

In republican times, one of Rome's deadliest enemies was King Mithridates of Pontus. In 66 BCE, a... more In republican times, one of Rome's deadliest enemies was King Mithridates of Pontus. In 66 BCE, after decades of inconclusive struggle, the tribune Manilius proposed a bill that would give supreme command in the war against Mithridates to Pompey the Great, who had just swept the Mediterranean clean of another menace: the pirates. While powerful aristocrats objected to the proposal, which would endow Pompey with unprecedented powers, the bill proved hugely popular among the people, and one of the praetors, Marcus Tullius Cicero, also hastened to lend it his support. In his first ever political speech, variously entitled pro lege Manilia or de imperio Gnaei Pompei, Cicero argues that the war against Mithridates requires the appointment of a perfect general and that the only man to live up to such lofty standards is Pompey. In the section under consideration here, Cicero defines the most important hallmarks of the ideal military commander and tries to demonstrate that Pompey is his living embodiment.

This course book offers a portion of the original Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, and a commentary. Designed to stretch and stimulate readers, the incisive commentary will be of particular interest to students of Latin at both AS and undergraduate level. It extends beyond detailed linguistic analysis and historical background to encourage critical engagement with Cicero's prose and discussion of the most recent scholarly thought.
Cicero, On Pompey’s Command (De Imperio), 27 – 49. Latin Text, Study Aids with Vocabulary, Commentary and Translation
Ingo Gildenhard, Louise Hodgson, et al | September 2014
vi + 285 | 2 Black and White Illustrations | Maps: 1 Black and White | 6.14" x 9.21" (234 x 156 mm)
Classics Textbooks, vol. 4 | ISSN: 2054-2437 (Print) | 2054-2445 (Online)
ISBN Paperback: 9781783740772
ISBN Hardback: 9781783740789
ISBN Digital (PDF): 9781783740796
ISBN Digital ebook (epub): 9781783740802
ISBN Digital ebook (mobi): 9781783740819
DOI: 10.11647/OBP.0045

By Ingo Gildenhard and Andrew Zissos, Ovid, Metamorphoses, 3.511–733. Latin Text with Introductio... more By Ingo Gildenhard and Andrew Zissos, Ovid, Metamorphoses, 3.511–733. Latin Text with Introduction, Commentary, Glossary of Terms, Vocabulary Aid and Study Questions. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0073

The most impressive contribution this volume provides is the first-rate commentary. Gildenhard and Zissos' expertise in Ovidian studies is evident on every page, as they masterfully lead learners through the complexities of the Metamorphoses...Moreover, the detailed commentary is punctuated with numerous helpful charts, diagrams, and pictures that further aid learners in their study. Likewise, the introductory essays are ideal for students on both the secondary and postsecondary levels.
—Dr Bartolo Natoli, The Classical Outlook 92:4 (2017), 135-136

This book is well suited to intermediate Latin classes or as a short unit for the advanced level. I would also recommend this text to students at the intermediate or advanced level who wish to practice the language on their own, since the commentary is detailed enough to answer most questions that students at these levels would have. The free online edition (licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0) lends itself well to this use.
—Professor Adrienne Hagen, Washington and Lee University, Bryn Mawr Classical Review

This extract from Ovid's 'Theban History' recounts the confrontation of Pentheus, king of Thebes, with his divine cousin, Bacchus, the god of wine. Notwithstanding the warnings of the seer Tiresias and the cautionary tale of a character Acoetes (perhaps Bacchus in disguise), who tells of how the god once transformed a group of blasphemous sailors into dolphins, Pentheus refuses to acknowledge the divinity of Bacchus or allow his worship at Thebes. Enraged, yet curious to witness the orgiastic rites of the nascent cult, Pentheus conceals himself in a grove on Mt. Cithaeron near the locus of the ceremonies. But in the course of the rites he is spotted by the female participants who rush upon him in a delusional frenzy, his mother and sisters in the vanguard, and tear him limb from limb.
The episode abounds in themes of abiding interest, not least the clash between the authoritarian personality of Pentheus, who embodies 'law and order', masculine prowess, and the martial ethos of his city, and Bacchus, a somewhat effeminate god of orgiastic excess, who revels in the delusional and the deceptive, the transgression of boundaries, and the blurring of gender distinctions.
This course book offers a wide-ranging introduction, the original Latin text, study aids with vocabulary, and an extensive commentary. Designed to stretch and stimulate readers, Gildenhard and Zissos's incisive commentary will be of particular interest to students of Latin at AS and undergraduate level. It extends beyond detailed linguistic analysis to encourage critical engagement with Ovid's poetry and discussion of the most recent scholarly thought.

The commentary begins with a list of "study questions,” some of which are answered in the comment... more The commentary begins with a list of "study questions,” some of which are answered in the commentary proper [which includes] references to other relevant texts—the rest of the Aeneid, the Argonautica, Greek tragedy, and so on—and to scholarship. Gildenhard gives a lot of attention to meter and sound play, encouraging students to read aloud and to pay attention to the Latin itself, not just to the story. The story is hardly neglected, though, and there are many good observations.
After the commentary come four "interpretive essays,” one each on content and form, the historiographical Dido, allusion, and religion. [...] This exercise is beautifully done and should help students begin to understand what a scholarly commentary can do. [...] Gildenhard’s breezy style and highly detailed notes will challenge the more proficient students while not overwhelming those who are struggling.
—Anne Mahoney, 'Latin Commentaries on the Web',
Teaching Classical Languages (Spring 2014), p. 143

Love and tragedy dominate book four of Virgil’s most powerful work, building on the violent emotions invoked by the storms, battles, warring gods, and monster-plagued wanderings of the epic’s opening.
Destined to be the founder of Roman culture, Aeneas, nudged by the gods, decides to leave his beloved Dido, causing her suicide in pursuit of his historical destiny. A dark plot, in which erotic passion culminates in sex, and sex leads to tragedy and death in the human realm, unfolds within the larger horizon of a supernatural sphere, dominated by power-conscious divinities. Dido is Aeneas’ most significant other, and in their encounter Virgil explores timeless themes of love and loyalty, fate and fortune, the justice of the gods, imperial ambition and its victims, and ethnic differences.
This course book offers a portion of the original Latin text, study questions, a commentary, and interpretative essays. Designed to stretch and stimulate readers, Ingo Gildenhard’s incisive commentary will be of particular interest to students of Latin at both A2 and undergraduate level. It extends beyond detailed linguistic analysis to encourage critical engagement with Virgil’s poetry and discussion of the most recent scholarly thought.

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Virgil, Aeneid, 4.1-299: Latin Text, Study Questions, Commentary and Interpretative Essays
Ingo Gildenhard | November 2012
320 | Maps: 1 Black and White | 6.14" x 9.21" (234 x 156 mm)
Classics Textbooks, vol. 2 | ISSN: 2054-2437 (Print) | 2054-2445 (Online)
ISBN Paperback: 9781909254152
ISBN Hardback: 9781909254169
ISBN Digital (PDF): 9781909254176
ISBN Digital ebook (epub): 9781909254183
ISBN Digital ebook (mobi): 9781909254190
DOI: 10.11647/OBP.0023
BIC subject codes: DB (Classical texts), HBLA1 (Classical civilisation), 4KL (A-Levels Aid), CFP (Translation and interpretation); BISAC: LIT004190 (LITERARY CRITICISM / Ancient & Classical), LIT025030 (LITERARY CRITICISM / Subjects & Themes / Politics); OCLC Number: 993968480.