Prakash Patel | Surat municipal institute of medical education and research (original) (raw)
Papers by Prakash Patel
National Journal of Medical Research, Jun 30, 2012
Introduction: Dentistry is a high risk profession for developing back pain because high visual de... more Introduction: Dentistry is a high risk profession for developing back pain because high visual demands result in prolonged and affixed as well as uncomfortable postures.
Objectives: This study has been conducted to measure prevalence of pain related to dental work among dentists in Surat city and to identify the aggravating and relieving factors associated with the pain.
Methodology: In this cross sectional study, 154 randomly selected dentists were interviewed.
Results: Prevalence of pain was 63.6 percent. Back was the commonest site for pain. Prolong sitting was reported to be the most common aggravating factor for pain while correcting working post relieve pain in most. Most of the dentists did not take any treatment for pain which may adversely affect the condition and increases the severity of the pain. Regular daily exercise as well as physiotherapy are helpful to relieve pain but very few doing it regularly. Some dentists took pain killers while very few consulted orthopedic surgeons for treatments.
National Journal of Community Medicine, Jun 30, 2010
The study conducted in peri-urban area, reveals that utilization of government health care facili... more The study conducted in peri-urban area, reveals that utilization of government health care facilities was poor in the study area compare to national level surveys. Utilization of public health care facilities was significantly higher in lower socio-economical class. Large number of poor families presently utilizes the services provided by private health providers for a multitude of reasons like long waiting period (53.8%), distance location (50.2%) and inadequate facilities (25.4%) etc, the majority of which can be rectified with minimal resources input.
National Journal of Community Medicine, Mar 31, 2011
This study has been conducted to measure prevalence of pain related to dental work among dentists... more This study has been conducted to measure prevalence of pain related to dental work among dentists in Surat city and to identify the aggravating and relieving factors associated with the pain. In this cross sectional study, 77 randomly selected dentists were interviewed. Prevalence of pain was 63.6 percent. Back was the commonest site for pain. Prolong sitting was reported to be the most common aggravating factor for pain while correcting working post relieve pain in most. Most of the dentists did not take any treatment for pain which may adversely affect the condition and increases the severity of the pain. Regular daily exercise as well as physiotherapy are helpful to relieve pain but very few doing it regularly. Some dentists took pain killers while very few consulted orthopedic surgeons for treatments.
National Journal of Community Medicine, Dec 31, 2013
Introduction: Leptospirosis is a globally important bacterial zoonotic disease occurring in rural... more Introduction: Leptospirosis is a globally important bacterial zoonotic disease occurring in rural areas of South Gujarat. Primary prevention of Leptospirosis is very difficult. This study was planned for early detection and timely referral of cases; increase awareness in high risk population regarding primary prevention and early treatment seeking; and establish and strengthen case suspicion and referral network in the community itself.
Methodology: This intervention study was conducted in villages of Surat district with main focus on early recognition of symptoms of Leptospirosis and timely health care seeking. Multipronged approach including meeting with villages, local leader and local health functionaries were used as an intervention.
Results: Mass campaign resulted in early health seeking behavior for suspected symptoms which is evident from gross increase in case reporting compare to previous year. These cases were reported early in their clinical course and timely treatment resulted in decreased case fatality rate from 24% in year 2012 to 9.5% in 2013.
Conclusion: The comprehensive effort involving every strata of the community from health staff to Sarpanchs/local leaders to local community under one roof has desirable and positive impact on the implementation of leptospirosis control in form of early treatment seeking and timely referral.
National Journal of Community Medicine, Mar 31, 2020
NA
National Journal of Community Medicine, Dec 31, 2021
"Covid 9 cases, particularly of the Omicron strain, are on the rise around the world, including i... more "Covid 9 cases, particularly of the Omicron strain, are on the rise around the world, including in India. In this piece, I attempted to appraise India's status in light of the impending third wave. Based on what is known about the new variant, there is a low likelihood that it would generate a third wave as large as the second one in India. In terms of host immunity, India is in a better position. It also looks that the healthcare system is in a better position than the second wave."
National Journal of Community Medicine, Nov 30, 2021
"Introduction: Drug resistance tuberculosis poses a major hindrance in effective control of tuber... more "Introduction: Drug resistance tuberculosis poses a major hindrance in effective control of tuberculosis. This study aims to assess the relationship of certain socio-demographic factors and Rifampicin resistant tuberculosis.
Settings and Design: It was a case control study which included 33 cases and 66 controls who had been registered in Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) and tested for Rifampicin resistance using CBNAAT test .Patient having resistance to rifampicin identified by CBNAA Test were considered as cases whereas patient sensitive to rifampicin identified by CBNAA Test were considered to be controls
Method: The study was conducted by pretested semi-structured questionnaire. . Information was gathered from the patients by taking interview.
Results: Rifampicin resistant tuberculosis was more in male (51.5%) than female (48.5%). Maximum number of cases was observed in age group 20-40 years. 51.5 % of the cases were illiterate. 33.33% cases were unmarried whereas 66.7% were married. 84.8 of the cases were Hindus. 81.8% of the cases were non- migrants as compared to 59.1% controls .According to modified Prasad’s classification (AICPI index Surat (262) nov-2004) it was observed that maximum cases were from class IV and maximum controls were from class III.
Conclusions: Rifampicin resistance was higher among males and non- migrants significantly. Further explorations in these areas are required to effectively control the disease. "
National Journal of Community Medicine, Jan 31, 2021
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National Journal of Community Medicine, Nov 30, 2022
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National Journal of Community Medicine, Oct 31, 2022
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National Journal of Community Medicine, Jun 30, 2022
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National Journal of Community Medicine, Apr 1, 2023
This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Comm... more This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA) 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, adapt, and build upon the work commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given, and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
National Journal of Community Medicine, Jan 1, 2024
This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Comm... more This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA) 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, adapt, and build upon the work commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given, and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
National Journal of Community Medicine, May 1, 2024
This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Comm... more This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA) 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, adapt, and build upon the work commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given, and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. www.njcmindia.
Background & Aim: It is important that clinicians understand statistical methods into their own r... more Background & Aim: It is important that clinicians understand statistical methods into their own research and correctly apply in their research. The main objective of this study is to explore the study designs, statistical methods used and the issue of inaccuracy and inappropriate usage of statistical methods in the research publications of the specialty of general medicine as evidenced by five selected journals over a 10-year period and improvements thereof. Methods & Materials: Originally published articles were reviewed of the journals of specialty of general medicines for the above-defined objective (list of journals: Indian Journal of Medical Research, Indian Journal of Critical Care, Indian Journal of Nephrology, Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, and New England Journal of Medicine were reviewed). Qualitative data represented by percentage, Z-test of proportion applied at 95% level of significance. Results: The usage of some statistical methods in 2003 was 61.5...
Asia-Pacific Psychiatry, 2015
Introduction: Surat has the highest incidence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune def... more Introduction: Surat has the highest incidence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in Gujarat, the main reason being its large migrant population. Mental health in HIV/AIDS has most often been a topic of neglect all over the world. This study attempts to assess the magnitude of depression and the socio-demographic and clinical variables associated with it in HIV-positive patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 270 HIV-positive patients using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; translated and validated in Gujarati and Hindi) along with a questionnaire for eliciting information on socio-demographic and clinical variables. Results: The prevalence of depression among HIV-positive patients was 30% with 12.22% having mild depression; 14.07% with moderate depression and 3.7% with severe depression. Bivariate analysis showed that physical pain, physical illness, Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) <300 cells/mm 3 , HIV positive spouse, discrimination at hospital, discrimination in society, government setup as the first place of HIV test and broken relationship with spouse after HIV disclosure were significantly associated with depression among the patients. On multiple logistic regression, discrimination at hospital, physical pain and CD4 <300 cells/mm 3 were found to be the significant predictors of depression among the patients. Discussion: HIV-positive patients can be screened by counselors using easy-to-administer scales like BDI, which can be translated and validated into any regional language. A trained psychiatrist should be appointed at the Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) center to take care of the mental health issues of the patients.
Journal of postgraduate medicine, Jan 17, 2016
The current study was planned to identify the epidemiological factors associated with leptospiros... more The current study was planned to identify the epidemiological factors associated with leptospirosis in South Gujarat region using neighborhood controls. A total of 100 cases of leptospirosis occurred in South Gujarat region during the year 2012 were selected using simple random sampling. Three neighbors of the selected cases formed the controls (n = 300). A pretested structured questionnaire was used for data collection and data were analyzed using Epi Info 2007. There was significant association of illiteracy (odds ratio [OR] =1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.14-2.89), working in waterlogged fields during the reference season (OR = 4.6, 95% CI = 1.6-17.9), swimming/bathing in canals, open air defecation practices, storage of cow dung in or surrounding house, residence in the house made up of cow dung walls, households with access of food to rodents, injuries over hands/foot during the endemic season (OR = 3, 95% CI = 1.8-4.8), and history of skin disease during the endemic sea...
International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 2015
National journal of community medicine, 2017
Introduction: This study was conducted to assess nonadherence to diet and physical activity among... more Introduction: This study was conducted to assess nonadherence to diet and physical activity among diabetic patients and the study factors associated with it and reasons behind poor adherence to dietary and physical exercise advise. Methods: Patients >18 years and diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for duration of minimum 1 years was included in study. Adherence to dietary and physical activity is assessed by using revised version of Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities Results: Majority of participants (76%) were followed healthful diet plan. Less than half patients among study participants were adhered to exercise. Frequent food gatherings, eating out restaurant & foods offers by others was common barriers to dietary practices. Lack of time & laziness was common barriers to physical activity. Conclusions: Patients with high level of education, housewives, Single/ever married , patients lived in nuclear family, less duration since diagnosis, patients was on insulin were more adhered to dietary practices. Patients <55 years, male, married, high education, skilled/semiskilled worker, less duration since diagnosis were more adhered to exercise than other. Frequent food gathering and lack of time were most common barriers to diet and physical activity respectively.
National Journal of Medical Research, Jun 30, 2012
Introduction: Dentistry is a high risk profession for developing back pain because high visual de... more Introduction: Dentistry is a high risk profession for developing back pain because high visual demands result in prolonged and affixed as well as uncomfortable postures.
Objectives: This study has been conducted to measure prevalence of pain related to dental work among dentists in Surat city and to identify the aggravating and relieving factors associated with the pain.
Methodology: In this cross sectional study, 154 randomly selected dentists were interviewed.
Results: Prevalence of pain was 63.6 percent. Back was the commonest site for pain. Prolong sitting was reported to be the most common aggravating factor for pain while correcting working post relieve pain in most. Most of the dentists did not take any treatment for pain which may adversely affect the condition and increases the severity of the pain. Regular daily exercise as well as physiotherapy are helpful to relieve pain but very few doing it regularly. Some dentists took pain killers while very few consulted orthopedic surgeons for treatments.
National Journal of Community Medicine, Jun 30, 2010
The study conducted in peri-urban area, reveals that utilization of government health care facili... more The study conducted in peri-urban area, reveals that utilization of government health care facilities was poor in the study area compare to national level surveys. Utilization of public health care facilities was significantly higher in lower socio-economical class. Large number of poor families presently utilizes the services provided by private health providers for a multitude of reasons like long waiting period (53.8%), distance location (50.2%) and inadequate facilities (25.4%) etc, the majority of which can be rectified with minimal resources input.
National Journal of Community Medicine, Mar 31, 2011
This study has been conducted to measure prevalence of pain related to dental work among dentists... more This study has been conducted to measure prevalence of pain related to dental work among dentists in Surat city and to identify the aggravating and relieving factors associated with the pain. In this cross sectional study, 77 randomly selected dentists were interviewed. Prevalence of pain was 63.6 percent. Back was the commonest site for pain. Prolong sitting was reported to be the most common aggravating factor for pain while correcting working post relieve pain in most. Most of the dentists did not take any treatment for pain which may adversely affect the condition and increases the severity of the pain. Regular daily exercise as well as physiotherapy are helpful to relieve pain but very few doing it regularly. Some dentists took pain killers while very few consulted orthopedic surgeons for treatments.
National Journal of Community Medicine, Dec 31, 2013
Introduction: Leptospirosis is a globally important bacterial zoonotic disease occurring in rural... more Introduction: Leptospirosis is a globally important bacterial zoonotic disease occurring in rural areas of South Gujarat. Primary prevention of Leptospirosis is very difficult. This study was planned for early detection and timely referral of cases; increase awareness in high risk population regarding primary prevention and early treatment seeking; and establish and strengthen case suspicion and referral network in the community itself.
Methodology: This intervention study was conducted in villages of Surat district with main focus on early recognition of symptoms of Leptospirosis and timely health care seeking. Multipronged approach including meeting with villages, local leader and local health functionaries were used as an intervention.
Results: Mass campaign resulted in early health seeking behavior for suspected symptoms which is evident from gross increase in case reporting compare to previous year. These cases were reported early in their clinical course and timely treatment resulted in decreased case fatality rate from 24% in year 2012 to 9.5% in 2013.
Conclusion: The comprehensive effort involving every strata of the community from health staff to Sarpanchs/local leaders to local community under one roof has desirable and positive impact on the implementation of leptospirosis control in form of early treatment seeking and timely referral.
National Journal of Community Medicine, Mar 31, 2020
NA
National Journal of Community Medicine, Dec 31, 2021
"Covid 9 cases, particularly of the Omicron strain, are on the rise around the world, including i... more "Covid 9 cases, particularly of the Omicron strain, are on the rise around the world, including in India. In this piece, I attempted to appraise India's status in light of the impending third wave. Based on what is known about the new variant, there is a low likelihood that it would generate a third wave as large as the second one in India. In terms of host immunity, India is in a better position. It also looks that the healthcare system is in a better position than the second wave."
National Journal of Community Medicine, Nov 30, 2021
"Introduction: Drug resistance tuberculosis poses a major hindrance in effective control of tuber... more "Introduction: Drug resistance tuberculosis poses a major hindrance in effective control of tuberculosis. This study aims to assess the relationship of certain socio-demographic factors and Rifampicin resistant tuberculosis.
Settings and Design: It was a case control study which included 33 cases and 66 controls who had been registered in Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) and tested for Rifampicin resistance using CBNAAT test .Patient having resistance to rifampicin identified by CBNAA Test were considered as cases whereas patient sensitive to rifampicin identified by CBNAA Test were considered to be controls
Method: The study was conducted by pretested semi-structured questionnaire. . Information was gathered from the patients by taking interview.
Results: Rifampicin resistant tuberculosis was more in male (51.5%) than female (48.5%). Maximum number of cases was observed in age group 20-40 years. 51.5 % of the cases were illiterate. 33.33% cases were unmarried whereas 66.7% were married. 84.8 of the cases were Hindus. 81.8% of the cases were non- migrants as compared to 59.1% controls .According to modified Prasad’s classification (AICPI index Surat (262) nov-2004) it was observed that maximum cases were from class IV and maximum controls were from class III.
Conclusions: Rifampicin resistance was higher among males and non- migrants significantly. Further explorations in these areas are required to effectively control the disease. "
National Journal of Community Medicine, Jan 31, 2021
NA
National Journal of Community Medicine, Nov 30, 2022
NA
National Journal of Community Medicine, Oct 31, 2022
NA
National Journal of Community Medicine, Jun 30, 2022
NA
National Journal of Community Medicine, Apr 1, 2023
This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Comm... more This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA) 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, adapt, and build upon the work commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given, and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
National Journal of Community Medicine, Jan 1, 2024
This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Comm... more This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA) 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, adapt, and build upon the work commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given, and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
National Journal of Community Medicine, May 1, 2024
This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Comm... more This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA) 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, adapt, and build upon the work commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given, and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. www.njcmindia.
Background & Aim: It is important that clinicians understand statistical methods into their own r... more Background & Aim: It is important that clinicians understand statistical methods into their own research and correctly apply in their research. The main objective of this study is to explore the study designs, statistical methods used and the issue of inaccuracy and inappropriate usage of statistical methods in the research publications of the specialty of general medicine as evidenced by five selected journals over a 10-year period and improvements thereof. Methods & Materials: Originally published articles were reviewed of the journals of specialty of general medicines for the above-defined objective (list of journals: Indian Journal of Medical Research, Indian Journal of Critical Care, Indian Journal of Nephrology, Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, and New England Journal of Medicine were reviewed). Qualitative data represented by percentage, Z-test of proportion applied at 95% level of significance. Results: The usage of some statistical methods in 2003 was 61.5...
Asia-Pacific Psychiatry, 2015
Introduction: Surat has the highest incidence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune def... more Introduction: Surat has the highest incidence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in Gujarat, the main reason being its large migrant population. Mental health in HIV/AIDS has most often been a topic of neglect all over the world. This study attempts to assess the magnitude of depression and the socio-demographic and clinical variables associated with it in HIV-positive patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 270 HIV-positive patients using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; translated and validated in Gujarati and Hindi) along with a questionnaire for eliciting information on socio-demographic and clinical variables. Results: The prevalence of depression among HIV-positive patients was 30% with 12.22% having mild depression; 14.07% with moderate depression and 3.7% with severe depression. Bivariate analysis showed that physical pain, physical illness, Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) <300 cells/mm 3 , HIV positive spouse, discrimination at hospital, discrimination in society, government setup as the first place of HIV test and broken relationship with spouse after HIV disclosure were significantly associated with depression among the patients. On multiple logistic regression, discrimination at hospital, physical pain and CD4 <300 cells/mm 3 were found to be the significant predictors of depression among the patients. Discussion: HIV-positive patients can be screened by counselors using easy-to-administer scales like BDI, which can be translated and validated into any regional language. A trained psychiatrist should be appointed at the Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) center to take care of the mental health issues of the patients.
Journal of postgraduate medicine, Jan 17, 2016
The current study was planned to identify the epidemiological factors associated with leptospiros... more The current study was planned to identify the epidemiological factors associated with leptospirosis in South Gujarat region using neighborhood controls. A total of 100 cases of leptospirosis occurred in South Gujarat region during the year 2012 were selected using simple random sampling. Three neighbors of the selected cases formed the controls (n = 300). A pretested structured questionnaire was used for data collection and data were analyzed using Epi Info 2007. There was significant association of illiteracy (odds ratio [OR] =1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.14-2.89), working in waterlogged fields during the reference season (OR = 4.6, 95% CI = 1.6-17.9), swimming/bathing in canals, open air defecation practices, storage of cow dung in or surrounding house, residence in the house made up of cow dung walls, households with access of food to rodents, injuries over hands/foot during the endemic season (OR = 3, 95% CI = 1.8-4.8), and history of skin disease during the endemic sea...
International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 2015
National journal of community medicine, 2017
Introduction: This study was conducted to assess nonadherence to diet and physical activity among... more Introduction: This study was conducted to assess nonadherence to diet and physical activity among diabetic patients and the study factors associated with it and reasons behind poor adherence to dietary and physical exercise advise. Methods: Patients >18 years and diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for duration of minimum 1 years was included in study. Adherence to dietary and physical activity is assessed by using revised version of Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities Results: Majority of participants (76%) were followed healthful diet plan. Less than half patients among study participants were adhered to exercise. Frequent food gatherings, eating out restaurant & foods offers by others was common barriers to dietary practices. Lack of time & laziness was common barriers to physical activity. Conclusions: Patients with high level of education, housewives, Single/ever married , patients lived in nuclear family, less duration since diagnosis, patients was on insulin were more adhered to dietary practices. Patients <55 years, male, married, high education, skilled/semiskilled worker, less duration since diagnosis were more adhered to exercise than other. Frequent food gathering and lack of time were most common barriers to diet and physical activity respectively.
Background As per the vaccine management policy of the Government of India all vaccine vials ope... more Background
As per the vaccine management policy of the Government of India all vaccine vials opened for an immunization session were discarded at the end of that session, irrespective of the type of vaccine or the number of doses remaining in the vial prior to 2013. Subsequently, open vial policy (OVP) was introduced in 2013 and should reduce both vaccine wastage as well as governmental healthcare costs for immunization. This study evaluates the vaccine wastage after introduction of the OVP and its comparison with the previous study of vaccine wastage in Surat city before implementation of OVP. It needs to mention that the vaccine policy for this period under comparison was uniform except for the OVP.
Methods
Information regarding vaccine doses consumed and children vaccinated during immunization sessions of 24 urban health centers (UHCs) of Surat city were retrieved for the period of January 1st, 2014 to March 31st, 2014. The data were analyzed to estimate vaccine wastage rate (WR) and vaccine wastage factor (WF). In order to assess the impact of OVP, vaccine WR of this study was compared with that of previous study conducted in Surat city during January 1st, 2012 to March 31st, 2012.
Results
The vaccine WR for oral polio vaccine (OPV) has decreased from 25% to 13.62%, while the WRs for DPT, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the pentavalent vaccine combinedly have decreased from 17.94% to 8.05%. Thus, by implementation of OVP, an estimated 747 727 doses of OPV and 343 725 doses of diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus toxoid vaccine (DPT), HBV and the pentavalent vaccines combinedly have been saved in Surat city of India in a year.
Conclusion
The implementation of the OVP in Surat city has led to a significant lowering in the vaccine wastage, leading to savings due to lower vaccine requirements.