Shahabul Haque | Shahjalal University of Science and Technology (original) (raw)

Papers by Shahabul Haque

The New Nation, 2021

Very few political parties exist in the world that entered the hundred years. Such a political pa... more Very few political parties exist in the world that entered the hundred years. Such a political party is the Communist Party of China (CPC) or the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). CPC turns 100 last month. CPC's journey begun on 1st July 1921 in Shanghai city with 50 members. History recognized two important personnel to establish CPC, is Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao. The founders of the party were inspired by the Bolshevik revolution (1917) and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Initially, CPC followed the ideology of Marxism-Leninism, and later they also follow Mao Zedong thought, socialism with Chinese characteristics, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Three Represents, the Scientific Outlook on development, and Xi Jinping thought. After 1921, the CPC grew very rapidly. Within 28 years of the establishment of CPC, they found success. They were able to organize a revolution in 1949 which is known to the people as the Chinese Communist revolution.
The 28 years of a country is not a big deal but this time for a political party is enormous. When the CPC uncovered, China was fully shielded from the conflict and chaos. The Chinese people were plunged into misery. The CPC had to face the challenges, united the whole nation, and prepared for a successful revolution. They did not have to look back after the revolution. The two decades hardworking of CPC moved forward for the next six decades magnificently. From the 1940s to now, China has developed into one of the world's most open economies. China became the second-largest world economy. They contribute 30% annually to world economic growth for many years.
Several issues have helped CPC move forward, strict determination, leadership, and discipline of the party. From the initial stage, the party activists provided huge effort; they have been always with the country people in times of good and bad. CPC has taken always a people-centered approach; they know what the crucial demands of citizens are. To meet citizens' expectations, they strive to create a multi-level, diverse, and high-quality society. Thus, over the past six decades, the CPC has removed nearly 1.4 billion people out of poverty, providing them with subsistence and then a moderately prosperous life. For the first time in thousands of years, China has eradicated overall and extreme poverty. Besides, China has declared itself malaria -free country on June 30 of this year after 70 years of effort. In this aspect, WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said, China's victory was hard-won and achieved only after decades of targeted and consistent action. The CPC has been successful in continually adhering to one subject and waiting for a successful conclusion.
When China is celebrating the centenary of the CPC, as well as the declaration of a malaria-free country, it is a great achievement of Chinese history. Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Wang Wenbin said, CCP and the Chinese government have always put people's health, safety, and prosperity first. It is true CPC always gives priority to people's well-being. When China faces any disaster or difficulty CPC always commands party member to serve at the forefront. In 2020, 39.144 million party members fought the COVID-19 pandemic on the front lines. They did everything possible to prevent infection and save patients. As a result, China is one of the top performers in pandemic response.
The leadership is the crucial part of the CPC, the CPC has got leadership like Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, and Xi Jinping. It can be seen by reviewing the lives of all of them, the leaders all come from grass rote level, they everyone passed a big time in their lives in villages. Therefore, the above-mentioned leaders realize the people of China, society, and culture, and take the initiatives and policies accordingly. The CPC leaders showed the dream to the country's people and the dream is getting true now. In this continuity, CPC will take China one step further with the whole world.

(Dr. Md. Shahabul Haque: Associate Professor of Political Studies, Shahjalal University of Science & Technolgy, Sylhet, Bangladesh, Email: shahabu14@yahoo.com)

The business Standard, 2021

China formally declared that she had overcome extreme poverty in February 2021. This is a piece o... more China formally declared that she had overcome extreme poverty in February 2021. This is a piece of good news for both China and the rest of the world. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres hailed it as a 'very strong achievement' for China while a scholar from Oxford University, Professor Peter Frankopan, acknowledged poverty alleviation in China 'is one of the most important developments in the recent decades.'

China daily, 2021

China's achievements have been hitting international headlines for a long time. Recently, Preside... more China's achievements have been hitting international headlines for a long time. Recently, President Xi Jinping's declaration of victory against extreme poverty became the main focus of global discussions.

In 2019, the BBC World Service aired a report titled "China anniversary: How the country became the world's economic miracle". The report indicated that when the country was founded in 1949, the economic situation was dire. In those days, China did not have many trading partners and limited diplomatic ties. The country relied on self-sufficiency. The situation later changed. Over the last decades, China has launched several key market reforms to open trade routes and flows for investment, eventually pulling hundreds of millions out of extreme poverty.

China's poverty alleviation effort started in the 1980s during the Deng Xiaoping era. Xi made it a top policy priority. In 2012, he announced the program just 45 days after taking office. At that time, Xi conducted a tour to impoverished villages in the Fuping country of Hebei province from December 29 to 30, 2012. Seventy-nine percent of the people in that village lived below the poverty line. The announcement indicated that it was firmly in Xi's mind that poverty must be eradicated from the country; in this regard, he targeted the villages.

Xi started poverty reduction from villages. He predicted nine years earlier, if the villages were poverty-free, the whole country would be poverty-free. Xi's prediction came true through his recent announcement of victory over extreme poverty. The rural economy is the backbone of the Chinese economy, and the government has always given priority to the rural economy. For this reason, Xi's initial priority was on villages, and by liberating them from poverty, he has done a great job of liberating the country from poverty.

It is essential to determine strategies for poverty alleviation. China took effective measures to fight against poverty. In China, the government identified small areas, not the whole country. It identified poor people and families in small areas and brought them into a national registration system. The system, which gathered data from 128,000 villages and 290,000 families, helped identify the most impoverished areas in Guizhou, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces and region. The poor people there are covered under the government's Five Batch Policy and the Seven Institutional System. Besides, the government rolled out "Internet plus" strategies to fight against poverty. This initiative established hundreds of rural e-commerce centers to facilitate online sales of farm produce and regional specialties. In this regard, Alibaba, the Chinese internet giant, has backed the development of e-commerce centers.

Moreover, the government also launched the rural settlement program. It supports the relocation of rural residents who live in remote or environmentally sensitive areas to areas closer to cities. Thus, these initiatives helped 98.99 million people move out of extreme poverty following an eight-year campaign and removed the official poverty list from residents of over 800 counties with an average income of less than 4,000 yuan ($619) a year. Over the past eight years, the country has spent nearly 1.6 trillion yuan in poverty alleviation.

This quote from Xi sums it up nicely, "Shaking off poverty is not the finish line, but the starting point of a new life and new endeavor." The statement urges that the battle against extreme poverty might be over but China's development continues. This is just a sign of improvement, and there is still a long way to reach the ultimate goal. Not only does China need to be liberated from poverty, but it also needs to be given the leadership to alleviate poverty from the whole of the earth. Those who can put a smile on people's faces will lead the world in the future.

The author is Associate Professor of Political Studies, Shahjalal University of Science & Technolgy, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

The purpose of this study is to examine the informal social integration process of Rohingyas refu... more The purpose of this study is to examine the informal social integration process of Rohingyas refugees in Bangladesh. This is the qualitative study. The sample presented here 20 Rohingyas refugees in both registered and unregistered refugee camps as well as the opinion of the local community, experts, civil society and the government. Data are obtained through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, oral history and photo projects. There are two theories followed for this study; one is Carens (2005) informal integration process and another is Essers (2004) individual assimilation. The descriptive approach is followed to write the analysis. Moreover, the seven socio-cultural domains are examined to measure the integration process of Rohingyas refugees in Bangladesh. Out of seven domains, four get the success of integration. Those domains are social contact, employment, language and health. On the other hand, three other domains indicate less success than the previous four. Those...

Canadian Social Science, 2018

Education is one of the main keys to economic development and improvements in human welfare. Info... more Education is one of the main keys to economic development and improvements in human welfare. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has turned out to be an effective educational technology which promotes some dramatic changes in teaching and learning process. ICT may change the way of livelihood and education system of a country. This study is to focus the ICT used by the teachers and their attitude towards using ICT in the classroom. Though the education sectors of Bangladesh are suffering hundreds of problems , ICT can change the present scenario . This research is to identify the current ICT status on higher education specially a government college in Bangladesh.

Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 2021

Tertiary Education and Management, 2021

What motivates students to participate in student organizations, how students participate in univ... more What motivates students to participate in student organizations, how students participate in university administration decision-making, and how such participation influences students’ overall development is under-researched in Bangladesh. Therefore, to uncover such dynamics we employed document analyses, observations, and in-depth interviews with 25 university administrators, teachers, students, and social and cultural activists. As a result of this research, the findings reveal several factors behind students’ participation in student organizations that also participate in university administration. While such participation is positive for students’ overall development, the participation in university administration is not that effective. This requires of the university administration to reconsider students’ voices and interests while making decisions related to students’ overall development.

Cross-cultural Communication, 2017

The paper has been designed to explore the perception of the regional political leaders on climat... more The paper has been designed to explore the perception of the regional political leaders on climate change. It explains the perception of the political leaders about general information, causes, and impacts of climate change. Therefore, the research design of the study was explorative and mostly descriptive. Probability sampling was used for sample selection. From the population of 367.58 respondents were selected by using Cochran’s formula. This study incorporated both primary and secondary sources of data. Data was collected through social survey and in-depth interview method from the study area. These pertinent data were analysed by different statistical method like percentage analysis, weighted mean index, chi-square method etc. It was found that most of the respondents’ perception about the climate change is satisfactory comparatively where perception about causes of climate change was better than the perception about impacts of climate change. Here, year of schooling was signif...

Canadian Social Science, 2017

Political parties are playing a significant role in promoting good governance. In this analytical... more Political parties are playing a significant role in promoting good governance. In this analytical study, an attempt has been made to throw light on the good governance in the election manifestos of the political parties in Bangladesh. The manifestoes of the four major political parties of 9th parliamentary election have been reviewed on the basis of nine key indicators of good governance. The study founds that the election manifestos of the major political parties reveals that many of the indicators of the good governance found reflections as election pledges.

Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, 2019

It is assumed that excessive usage of social media among young generations, i.e., students of uni... more It is assumed that excessive usage of social media among young generations, i.e., students of universities make them more socially integrated and politically informed. Political parties use media as well as social media to portrait candidates and their various issues which attract mass people. Though there are some studies around, which validates these influence of social media on participation of young generation in electoral politics is done previously for some countries of world but yet, for the country Bangladesh, there is no such study still existing which reveals these issues with explanatory-descriptive analysis, particularly done for any specialized public university, where internet is more viable than to other kinds of universities, because of the additional attention is given to information and communications technology there. Mixed method has been applied to make the study more reliable. The study here perhaps is done with a format of structured questionnaire and Focus Gr...

In this study we contextualize the diaspora formation of Bangladeshi immigrants in the UK by anal... more In this study we contextualize the diaspora formation of Bangladeshi immigrants in the UK by analyzing three broad types of diaspora characteristics- dispersion; connection with the homelands; and maintaining a distinctive identity in the host society. Based on secondary data, this study revealed that Bangladeshi diaspora members in the UK are mainly dispersed from their country of origin for economic reasons. As many other diaspora group, Bangladeshi immigrants in the UK maintain several linkages- economical, social and cultural, and political- with their home country Bangladesh. In this host society, they present their distinctive life by maintaining close ties with ethnic Bangla cultural objects. They are also present their vibrant and distinctive Banglaness by doing several activities collectively through associations. By doing so, Bangladeshi immigrants in the UK work like a diaspora as the three broad elements of diaspora were clearly evident in our findings and discussion.

This paper attempts to examine immigrants’ access to citizenship and their social rights in liber... more This paper attempts to examine immigrants’ access to citizenship and their social rights in liberal democratic immigrant welcoming states, especially in Norway. Based on secondary information, this paper finds that immigrants need to acquire citizenship through naturalization process in order to get equal chances to participate in various social rights, full accesses into labour market, contributory social program, non-contributory social program, and social investment program. Acquiring citizenship depends on several conditions, qualifications and requirements. For example, in many liberal democratic countries, immigrants are required to reside in a country for various periods of time, between 2 and 12 years depending on a country’s citizenship policies. In addition, immigrants must also fulfill a series of condition such as passing a Language test; maintaining Loyalty and Commitments to the country; maintaining Good Character, etc. to become citizen. Likewise, in the case of Norwa...

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2015

International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 2022

The paper discusses on the diaspora and victim diaspora issues relating to the two ethnic minorit... more The paper discusses on the diaspora and victim diaspora issues relating to the two ethnic minority groups of people in South Asia who are currently residing in Bangladesh. The groups are the camp dwelling Urdu speaking community in Bangladesh, commonly known as ‘Biharis’ Pakistan’ who migrated to Pakistan mainly from Bihar and different parts of undivided India during 1946-47, as well as the Rohingyas from the Arakan region of neighboring Myanmar. Until the recent past, these groups of people had the shared experience of statelessness called ‘rootless and homeless’. They were also denied citizenship by the authority of their country of origin. Through the diasporic theory, it observed that the ‘Biharis’ ethnic group fulfilled most of the requirements to be a victim Diaspora. Similarly, the Rohingyas carry out all necessary criteria of victim diaspora.

The Laleng, a little known and small decaying indigenous community living at Sylhet region in Ban... more The Laleng, a little known and small decaying indigenous community living at Sylhet region in Bangladesh, had an own traditional political organisation. In the changed condition, this system is not existed in its original standpoint. By using both qualitative and quantitative data generated from primary as well as secondary sources this ethno-political study explores the Laleng political organisation focusing on its changing pattern. It founds that Laleng society has suffered the consequence of contact with the large-scale Bengali societies. Although Laleng society is still ruled by own political systems, but these systems are not so effective today. They are not able to maintain their traditional political organisation unaltered by inside and outside influences. The findings of the present study would encourage other researchers to carry out further research on the political organisation of indigenous community.

This study focuses on the challenges of food security in South Asian region, particularly the cha... more This study focuses on the challenges of food security in South Asian region, particularly the challenges
Bangladesh is facing, and how this region can possibly mitigate this challenge. Food security is a complex issue.
The question of food security has a number of dimensions that go beyond production, availability and demand
for food. It is generally understood as access to adequate food to all households at all times to enable them to
lead a healthy and active life. The initial focus on food security as a global concern was on the volume and
stability of food. Achieving food security in South Asia has become a major challenge. The food security
scenario in South Asia has witnessed rapid progress over the last few decades, yet nutrition outcomes, especially
those related to women and children, have failed to keep pace. In addition, the article has also identified a
number of initiatives taken by the SAARC countries, and recommends some policies for the food security