IMad Fadlalla | Sudan university of Science and technology (original) (raw)

Papers by IMad Fadlalla

Contribution/Originality: The study highlighted the potential of date palm by-products as a satis... more Contribution/Originality: The study highlighted the potential of date palm by-products as a satisfactory alternative when the supply of local feed resources is a limiting factor and as a substitute for conventional, high-priced imported sources. This study is the first to document the productivity of Awassi sheep in a Qatari environment.

Journal of Science and Technology, 2015

Effect of Different Feeding Performance on Some Blood Constituents of Sudanese Camels (Camelus dr... more Effect of Different Feeding Performance on Some Blood Constituents of Sudanese Camels (Camelus dromedarius) Nazik M. Mohamedain, I.M.T. Fadlalla, M.E. Barri, B.E. Abdel-Aziz Federal Ministry of Animal Resources and Fisheries, Sudan. Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology. Department of Biochemistry, International University of Africa. Camel Research Centre, Tumbool, Sudan.

Journal of Science and Technology, 2015

This work was designed to evaluate the effect of diet on camels growth rate and daily gain. Forty... more This work was designed to evaluate the effect of diet on camels growth rate and daily gain. Forty five camels (18-24 months) of age, average weight at 225±35 kg were utilized in this study. The camels were divided into two groups, zero browsing group (15Darfuri &10 Butana) fed complete ration composed of (sorghum,50%; groundnut cake15%,molases10%,wheatbran5%,dura husk5%,urea2%, bagas12% and Common salt1%). The 2nd group was a free browsing camel (11Darfuri &9 Butana) without any supplement. The animals were weight weekly for 120 days after two weeks that served as adaptation period. The results revealed a significant increase (p< 0.05) in mean body weight and average growth rate in zero browsing groups (321.5± 38.5) as compared to free browsing group (272 ±32.3). The average total gain was almost double in zero browsing groups than free browsing groups. However, no significant differences were observed in weight gain, dry matter intake and feed conversion ratio between Darfuri & ...

he present study was conducted to determine the effect of selenium supplementation on erformance ... more he present study was conducted to determine the effect of selenium supplementation on erformance of broiler chicks. 300 broiler chicks (Lohmann) were divided into three groups of qual weight and numbers. Group (A) fed on broiler diet, group (B) fed on broilers diet + 3% egetable oil and group (C) fed on broiler diet + 3% vegetable oil + 0.125 ppm Selenium. eed intake, body weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, respiratory rate, body mperature and some carcass characteristics were examined for the significance of effect of iet treatment using one way analysis of variance. Feed intake was not affected by dietary eatments, however, body weight was significantly (P<0.05) increased in group B and C, ompared to group A. Carcasses analysis showed no significant variations among dry matter, ther extract and ash for the three dietary groups. For CP, group C was significantly (P<0.05) igher compared to group A and B. Group (B) had significantly (P<0.05) higher dressing ercentag...

Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal, 2010

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding graded levels (zero, 10, 20 ... more The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding graded levels (zero, 10, 20 and 30%) of cowpea on broiler chick's performance, dressing percentage and carcass cuts relative weight. A total of 160 unsexed broiler chicks (Hubbard) were randomly distributed into four dietary treatments and each treatment contained four replicates (10 birds/replicate). Feeding graded levels of cowpea resulted in no significant differences in total and weekly feed intake (g/bird), but it tended to be higher for birds fed the control diet (zero level). Total and weekly weight gain (g/bird) and feed conversion ratio of six weeks old broiler chicks were significantly (P<0.05) improved for birds fed all levels of coepea compared to the control diet. Dressing percentage was significantly (P<0.05) improved by inclusion of cowpea, while carcass cuts relative weights showed a significant (P<0.05) improvement in the relative weight of breast and thigh of carcasses of birds kept on 30% cowpea compared to the other dietary treatments.

Background and Objectives: Polar lipids and the 16S rRNA gene have a significant role in taxonomi... more Background and Objectives: Polar lipids and the 16S rRNA gene have a significant role in taxonomic characteristics. The study's objective is to determine the potential relationship between simple migration distances (mm) of polar lipids and Salmonella's 16S rRNA gene similarity. Materials and Methods: Based on 16S RNA sequences and simple thin-layer chromatography migration distances (mm) of polar lipids, allowed to compare the various Salmonellae species, and apply it to examine the variability and estimate bacterial similarities. Results: The chromatography migration distance analysis revealed 3-4 spots of polar lipids. The polar lipids revealed two denser spots, the most abundant lipids, between 10 and 28 mm. The other two low-density spots of migration distance ranged in size from 23 to 25 mm. Between 99.4% and 100% of the three Salmonella isolates and other Salmonella species exhibited 16S rRNA similarities. One strain had a similarity of 98.9%. These findings demonstrated the nearly identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and polar lipids profile of the isolates. Conclusions: This study has concluded that all Salmonella species share similarities in both the polar lipid profiles and the 16S rRNA genes. The study validates the utility of coupling of polar lipids and 16S rRNA gene sequencing as useful tools for taxonomic differentiation and epidemiological tracing of Salmonella.

IntechOpen eBooks, Dec 7, 2022

The dairy business is recognized as an important economic and nutritional resource. The food and ... more The dairy business is recognized as an important economic and nutritional resource. The food and agriculture organization (FAO) estimates that there are about 245 million dairy cows in the world. Milk production offers enormous health, sociological, and economic benefits around the world. In emerging economies, livestock serves a range of purposes, including providing a source of household income, a financial asset for women, food security, risk management, and a direct connection to human health. With a total value of $628.27 billion USD in 2018, the dairy industry provides a major economic impact. The dairy business supports over a million employment, either directly or indirectly. In terms of public health, the dairy business plays a role. While dairy products are a beneficial part of a balanced diet, zoonotic and food-borne diseases originating in dairy animals can be dangerous to humans. Milk production performance in emerging countries is poor. Non-infectious infertility in dairy cattle is most commonly caused by energy, protein, and mineral deficiencies. According to the current review, minerals, play an essential role in animal production and reproduction issues. This chapter discusses the linkages of several mineral elements in health and reproductive performance that affects the dairy industry.

Biology

Medicinal plants are utilized around the globe for the treatment of a wide range of ailments. Thi... more Medicinal plants are utilized around the globe for the treatment of a wide range of ailments. This study is an attempt to document the utilization of medicinal plants across the four different cultural groups residing in the rural and remote villages of the northern districts of the Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. To gather information related to medicinal plants and health care practices among the local folk, field surveys were conducted from February 2018 to May 2021. The ethnomedicinal information was gathered through semi-structured interviews and group discussions. During the study, a total of 109 plant species belonging to 35 families were recorded as commonly utilized by the local population, with Asteraceae reported as the dominant family. The most common growth form was herbs, with a percentage contribution of 86%. Leaves (38%) were the most commonly used plant part for the preparation of traditional remedies, and most of the remedies were prepared as paste and...

Animal Science Journal, 2011

... However, Nesheim and Scott (1958) provided strong evidence for the indispensability of Se whe... more ... However, Nesheim and Scott (1958) provided strong evidence for the indispensability of Se when they found that chicks required Se for growth and survival even when their diet contained high amounts of vitamin E. Bunk and Combs (1980) stated that administration of 5 ...

The fruit of Acacia nilotica L. (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) have been used as traditional medicine ... more The fruit of Acacia nilotica L. (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) have been used as traditional medicine and as an antimicrobial agent in many countries around the world notably in Africa and the Indian subcontinent. This study examines antibacterial activity of Acacia nilotica extract in comparison to selected antibiotics against different serotypes of Salmonella isolated from poultry farms in Khartoum state. Three predominant serotypes of Salmonella including S. gombe, S. potsdam and S. bonariensis were isolated and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility pattern against antibiotics commonly used in poultry feed and methanolic extract of A. nilotica fruit by discs diffusion method. A. nilotica showed good antibacterial activity with 24.4 average zone of inhibition while inhibition zones of gentamicin was 13.8 mm; neomycin 14 mm, colistin 11 mm and tetracycline 10 mm. The fruit of A. nilotica is commonly available. Therefore, its addition in chicken ration can be a safe, easy and cost effe...

Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2013

The aim of this study was to determine whether glucocorticoid production could be monitored nonin... more The aim of this study was to determine whether glucocorticoid production could be monitored noninvasively in dromedary camels by measuring faecal cortisol metabolites (FCMs). Five Sudanese dromedaries, two males and three females, were injected with a synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) analogue. Blood samples were collected pre-and post-ACTH injection. Faeces were sampled after spontaneous defecation for five consecutive days (2 days before and 3 days after ACTH injection). Baseline plasma cortisol values ranged from 0.6 to 10.8 ng/ml in males and from 1.1 to 16.6 ng/ml in females, while peak values after ACTH injection were 10.9-41.9 in males and 10-42.2 ng/ml in females. Peak blood cortisol values were reached between 1.5 and 2.0 h after ACTH injection. The concentration of FCMs increased after ACTH injection in the faeces of both sexes, although steroid levels peaked earlier in males [24 h; (286.7-2,559.7 ng/g faeces)] than in females [36-48 h; (1,182.6-5,169.1 ng/g faeces)], reflecting increases of 3.1-8.3-and 4.3-8-fold above baseline levels. To detect chromatographic patterns of immunoreactive FCMs, faecal samples with high FCM concentrations from both sexes were pooled and subjected to reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). RP-HPLC analysis revealed sex differences in the polarity of FCMs, with females showing more polar FCMs than males. We concluded that stimulation of adrenocortical activity by ACTH injection resulted in a measurable increase in blood cortisol that was reliably paralleled by increases in FCM levels. Thus, measurement of FCMs is a powerful tool for monitoring the adrenocortical responses of dromedaries to stressors in field conditions.

Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2002

Zinc and copper deficiencies have been reported in heifers of various breeds at four different lo... more Zinc and copper deficiencies have been reported in heifers of various breeds at four different locations in Sudan. These were Kuku (5 km north of Khartoum), Seleit (20 km northwest of Khartoum), Medani (180 km south of Khartoum) and El Obeid (600 km west of Khartoum). Phosphorus deficiency was only observed in the serum of heifers at El Obeid. The

International Journal of Diabetes and Clinical Research, 2018

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) previously known as non-insulin dependent diabetes me... more Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) previously known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes mellitus. The rapid increasing prevalence, high morbidity and mortality of the disease must be encountered by an increase in scientific research. Animal models are very important in the preclinical studies to validate the use of new drugs. Streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) is used to induce T2DM in animals. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess STZ-NA as a model of T2DM and to investigate the causative factors that lead to hepatic histopathological changes. Methodology: Twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. One normal non-diabetic control group (NNC) (n = 6), two diabetic groups subdivided into non-treated diabetic group (NTD) (n = 6) and metformin treated diabetic group (MTD) (n = 7) and the fourth group was composed of rats failed to develop diabetes [failed induction group (FIG)] (n = 6). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg-bw) 15 min after intraperitoneal administration of nicotinamide (120 mg/kgbw). Induction of diabetes was confirmed after 72 hours by fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥ 250 mg/dl. 8 weeks after induction, oral glucose tolerance test was performed; blood samples were taken for analysis of lipid profile, urea, creatinine and hepatic enzymes; samples from the liver were prepared for histopathological study and samples from the skeletal muscles were taken for determination of insulin receptor content by Elisa. Results: Metformin improved glucose intolerance. Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly reduced in the NTD group compared with the NNC group (P value 0.006) whereas no significant difference in low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides detected. Skeletal muscle insulin receptor was reduced in both diabetic groups yet, reduction was significant in MTD group compared with NTD group [P values were (0.01) and (0.06) in the MTD and NTD respectively]. Hepatic enzymes, urea and creatinine were within normal range. Histopathological study revealed hepatic histopathological alterations which were more obvious in NTD compared with MTD and FIG. Conclusion: Our study showed that STZ-NA is a good model for T2DM regarding hyperglycemia, response to metformin, dyslipidemia and the histopathological changes. In addition, it emphasized that hepatic hydropic degeneration of the hepatocytes was a consequence of diabetes rather than STZ.

5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT) and Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity was measured.in the tissues... more 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT) and Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity was measured.in the tissues of four 2-6 years old donkeys; four 6-9 month old castrated male goats and four 6-9 month old male calves. In donkeys the lung is the richest source of the enzyme 5'-NT, whereas in goats the liver contains a higher activity of the enzyme compared with 87

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of selenium supplementation on performanc... more The present study was conducted to determine the effect of selenium supplementation on performance of broiler chicks. 300 broiler chicks (Lohmann) were divided into three groups of equal weight and numbers. Group (A) fed on broiler diet, group (B) fed on broilers diet + 3% vegetable oil and group (C) fed on broiler diet + 3% vegetable oil + 0.125 ppm Selenium. Feed intake, body weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, respiratory rate, body temperature and some carcass characteristics were examined for the significance of effect of diet treatment using one way analysis of variance. Feed intake was not affected by dietary treatments, however, body weight was significantly (P<0.05) increased in group B and C, compared to group A. Carcasses analysis showed no significant variations among dry matter, ether extract and ash for the three dietary groups. For CP, group C was significantly (P<0.05) higher compared to group A and B. Group (B) had significantly (P<0.05) higher dressing percentage than group (A). Group (C) had significantly (P<0.05) higher blood selenium concentration than group (A) and (B). With the exception of the breast tenderness, sensory evaluation was not affected by the dietary treatment. Group (C) was significantly (P<0.05) tender than group (A) and (B). No mortality was reported during the experimental period. The study concluded that selenium and vegetable oil supplementation in broiler diets significantly improved weight gain, final body weight and meat quality without increase of feeding cost.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Li... more This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)

Minerals levels in blood affects animal performance, such as reproduction, immunity, and lameness... more Minerals levels in blood affects animal performance, such as reproduction, immunity, and lameness. Minerals blood levels are recorded for all world tropics to be affected by lactation yield. This study aims to determinate the effects of different lactation stages of dairy cows on the serum Ca, P, Mg, Na and K minerals levels.

Journal of Science and Technology, 2015

Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal, 2010

IntechOpen eBooks, Dec 7, 2022

Biology

Animal Science Journal, 2011

Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2013

Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2002

International Journal of Diabetes and Clinical Research, 2018

The results of this study demonstrate that zebrafish can be infected through the three routes of ... more The results of this study demonstrate that zebrafish can be infected
through the three routes of infection including immersion, immersion
following abrasion and injection. So, abrasion and injection is not required to infect zebrafish with E. tarda . At 45 days p.v., Vaccination with plasmid DNA vaccine encoding et46 antigenic gene et46 appeared to be weakly protective. The results showed that the accumulated mortalities of pet46 vaccinated fish were 80%, 60%, and 30%, upon challenging with 3.2x108, 107, or 106 CFU/mL of E. tarda, respectively. Hence, compared to vaccine construct-vaccinated fish, pet46-vaccinated fish were significantly protected, with a RPS of 40%. The results showed that the accumulated mortality of pet46-vaccinated fish (24%) was significantly lower than that vaccine construct-vaccinated fish (80, 60 and 30% compared to100, 80 and 60%, respectively). The RPS of pet46-vaccinated fish was 20, 40 and 25% compared to vaccine construct-vaccinated fish. Therefore, compared to vaccination with vaccine construct, vaccination with pet46 produced a RPS of 40%, which is significantly higher than that produced by vaccine construct.