Maria Isabel Guinle | Swarthmore College (original) (raw)
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Papers by Maria Isabel Guinle
Journal of Food Research, 2021
Individuals higher in eating restraint report feeling ambivalent (i.e., both positive and negativ... more Individuals higher in eating restraint report feeling ambivalent (i.e., both positive and negative) about food, regardless of whether it is perceived to be unhealthy or healthy (Norris, Do, Close & Deswert, 2019). Given that ambivalence is thought to be a highly unpleasant, unstable, and arousing state, we sought in the current study to examine whether individuals higher in eating restraint show enhanced physiological arousal toward food (but not nonfood) images. Replicating our earlier findings (Norris et al., 2019), individuals higher in eating restraint exhibited more ambivalence towards both unhealthy and healthy food (but not nonfood) images than did those lower in eating restraint. Importantly, skin conductance reactivity (SCR) toward both unhealthy and healthy food images was greater for individuals higher in eating restraint than those lower in eating restraint; there were no group differences for nonfood images. Furthermore, eating restraint scores were positively correlate...
Alcohol Research: Current Reviews, 2020
Recent evidence indicates that the United States is facing a public health crisis of alcohol misu... more Recent evidence indicates that the United States is facing a public health crisis of alcohol misuse and alcohol use disorder (AUD), which has been fueled in part by dramatic rises in binge and heavy drinking and prevalence of AUD in women. Historically, alcohol misuse and AUD have been more prevalent in men than in women. However, recent evidence on data from the past decade shows increases in AUD prevalence rates that are associated with substantially higher binge and heavy drinking and AUD prevalence in women compared to men. This paper first addresses the key roles of stress, trauma, childhood maltreatment, negative affect, and mood and anxiety disorders; sex differences in the presentation of these psychosocial and psychological factors; and their contributions to alcohol misuse, escalation to binge and heavy drinking, and transition to AUD in women. Also examined are potential central and peripheral biological mechanisms by which stressors and traumatic experiences, as well as chronic stress states-including depression and anxiety-may facilitate differential pathways to alcohol misuse, escalation, and transition to AUD in women. Finally, this paper discusses major gaps in the literature on sex differences in these areas as well as the need for greater research on sex-specific pathways to alcohol misuse and transition to AUD, so as to support a more comprehensive understanding of AUD etiology and for the development of new strategies for prevention and treatment of alcohol misuse and AUD in women.
ABSTRACTBRAF V600E-mutated glioma patients are in urgent need of new treatments, since standard c... more ABSTRACTBRAF V600E-mutated glioma patients are in urgent need of new treatments, since standard chemoradiotherapy and surgery achieves tumor control in less than 30% of patients. BRAF and MEK inhibitor combinations have shown promising results against several types of BRAF V600E mutated cancers. Patients with high-grade BRAF V600E mutated gliomas frequently experience therapy failure with concurrent BRAF V600E and MEK inhibition (BRAFi+MEKi). Overcoming therapy resistance begins with understanding how these inhibitors affect tumor cells and the immune microenvironment. In novel syngeneic murine models and patient-derived cell lines of BRAF V600E-mutated high-grade astrocytomas, we analyzed effects of BRAF V600E expression and BRAF V600E inhibitor Dabrafenib and MEK inhibitor Trametinib (BRAFi+MEKi). BRAF V600E expression disrupted asymmetric cell division and glial differentiation, and BRAFi+MEKi restored these defects, and enriched for potentially therapy resistant CD133+ tumor cel...
Entropy
Complex network analysis applied to the resting brain has shown that sets of highly interconnecte... more Complex network analysis applied to the resting brain has shown that sets of highly interconnected networks with coherent activity may support a default mode of brain function within a global workspace. Perceptual processing of environmental stimuli induces architectural changes in network topology with higher specialized modules. Evidence shows that during cognitive tasks, network topology is reconfigured and information is broadcast from modular processors to a connective core, promoting efficient information integration. In this paper, we explored how the brain adapts its effective connectivity within the connective core and across behavioral states. We used complex network metrics to identify hubs and proposed a method of classification based on the effective connectivity patterns of information flow. Finally, we interpreted the role of the connective core and each type of hub on the network effectiveness. We also calculated the complexity of electroencephalography microstate se...
Journal of Food Research, 2021
Individuals higher in eating restraint report feeling ambivalent (i.e., both positive and negativ... more Individuals higher in eating restraint report feeling ambivalent (i.e., both positive and negative) about food, regardless of whether it is perceived to be unhealthy or healthy (Norris, Do, Close & Deswert, 2019). Given that ambivalence is thought to be a highly unpleasant, unstable, and arousing state, we sought in the current study to examine whether individuals higher in eating restraint show enhanced physiological arousal toward food (but not nonfood) images. Replicating our earlier findings (Norris et al., 2019), individuals higher in eating restraint exhibited more ambivalence towards both unhealthy and healthy food (but not nonfood) images than did those lower in eating restraint. Importantly, skin conductance reactivity (SCR) toward both unhealthy and healthy food images was greater for individuals higher in eating restraint than those lower in eating restraint; there were no group differences for nonfood images. Furthermore, eating restraint scores were positively correlate...
Alcohol Research: Current Reviews, 2020
Recent evidence indicates that the United States is facing a public health crisis of alcohol misu... more Recent evidence indicates that the United States is facing a public health crisis of alcohol misuse and alcohol use disorder (AUD), which has been fueled in part by dramatic rises in binge and heavy drinking and prevalence of AUD in women. Historically, alcohol misuse and AUD have been more prevalent in men than in women. However, recent evidence on data from the past decade shows increases in AUD prevalence rates that are associated with substantially higher binge and heavy drinking and AUD prevalence in women compared to men. This paper first addresses the key roles of stress, trauma, childhood maltreatment, negative affect, and mood and anxiety disorders; sex differences in the presentation of these psychosocial and psychological factors; and their contributions to alcohol misuse, escalation to binge and heavy drinking, and transition to AUD in women. Also examined are potential central and peripheral biological mechanisms by which stressors and traumatic experiences, as well as chronic stress states-including depression and anxiety-may facilitate differential pathways to alcohol misuse, escalation, and transition to AUD in women. Finally, this paper discusses major gaps in the literature on sex differences in these areas as well as the need for greater research on sex-specific pathways to alcohol misuse and transition to AUD, so as to support a more comprehensive understanding of AUD etiology and for the development of new strategies for prevention and treatment of alcohol misuse and AUD in women.
ABSTRACTBRAF V600E-mutated glioma patients are in urgent need of new treatments, since standard c... more ABSTRACTBRAF V600E-mutated glioma patients are in urgent need of new treatments, since standard chemoradiotherapy and surgery achieves tumor control in less than 30% of patients. BRAF and MEK inhibitor combinations have shown promising results against several types of BRAF V600E mutated cancers. Patients with high-grade BRAF V600E mutated gliomas frequently experience therapy failure with concurrent BRAF V600E and MEK inhibition (BRAFi+MEKi). Overcoming therapy resistance begins with understanding how these inhibitors affect tumor cells and the immune microenvironment. In novel syngeneic murine models and patient-derived cell lines of BRAF V600E-mutated high-grade astrocytomas, we analyzed effects of BRAF V600E expression and BRAF V600E inhibitor Dabrafenib and MEK inhibitor Trametinib (BRAFi+MEKi). BRAF V600E expression disrupted asymmetric cell division and glial differentiation, and BRAFi+MEKi restored these defects, and enriched for potentially therapy resistant CD133+ tumor cel...
Entropy
Complex network analysis applied to the resting brain has shown that sets of highly interconnecte... more Complex network analysis applied to the resting brain has shown that sets of highly interconnected networks with coherent activity may support a default mode of brain function within a global workspace. Perceptual processing of environmental stimuli induces architectural changes in network topology with higher specialized modules. Evidence shows that during cognitive tasks, network topology is reconfigured and information is broadcast from modular processors to a connective core, promoting efficient information integration. In this paper, we explored how the brain adapts its effective connectivity within the connective core and across behavioral states. We used complex network metrics to identify hubs and proposed a method of classification based on the effective connectivity patterns of information flow. Finally, we interpreted the role of the connective core and each type of hub on the network effectiveness. We also calculated the complexity of electroencephalography microstate se...