Bernard Wong | The University of Sydney (original) (raw)

Papers by Bernard Wong

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2018

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2016

Serp, 2004

The primary objective of this paper is to present an exploratory study on the measurements used f... more The primary objective of this paper is to present an exploratory study on the measurements used for evaluating the quality of an e-commerce Requirements Specifications document. The paper presents the results of a study, which uses qualitative techniques to investigate the measurements for the requirements phase The study involved an e-commerce project, and two stakeholder groups, the users and the developers. The study finds that the two groups of stakeholders are very similar in the measurements they choose for evaluating requirements documents The results also find support for the use of IEEE 802-1993. These results, whilst still exploratory, are valuable as they highlight the differences and similarities of not just the stakeholder groups, but more importantly the choice of measurements at the Requirements phase.

Baitul Maal Wattamwil (BMT) adalah suatu institusi keuangan yang memadukan fungsi Baitul Maal den... more Baitul Maal Wattamwil (BMT) adalah suatu institusi keuangan yang memadukan fungsi Baitul Maal dengan Baitul Tanwil dalam aktivitasnya. Baitul Maal adalah institusi atau lembaga yang usaha pokoknya menerima dan menyalurkan dana dari umat Islam. Melihat pentingnya peranan dana dalam suatu usaha, maka perlu adanya penilaian tentang kinerja keuangan. Untuk menilai kinerja dari suatu badan usaha diperlukan perencanaan dan analisa tepat, sehingga pengeluaran dana atau uang akan lebih efisien. Berdasarkan laporan keuangan BMT Insan Kamil yang berupa neraca dan perhitungan hasil usaha dapat diketahui kondisi kinerja keuangan yang mengunakan rasio likuiditas, solvabiltas dan rentabilitas. Penelitian dilakukan pada BMT Insan Kamil bertujuan untuk menganalisa perkembangan finansial dan untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan apabila ditinjau dari rasio keuangan. Setelah dilakukan penelitian pada BMT Insan Kamil dengan menghitung rasio keuangan berdasarkan neraca dan perhitungan hasil usaha periode 2007 sampai 2008 diperoleh sebagai berikut : Berdasarkan rasio likuiditas untuk current ratio selama tahun 2007-2008 terjadi peningkataan sebesar 6,38%; sehingga menunjukkan adanya efisiensi kinerja dari KSU BMT Insan Kamil dalam mengoptimalkan aktiva lancar untuk menjamin hutang lancarnya. Hasil perhitungan cash ratio selama tahun 2007-2008 terjadi penurunan sebesar 17,75%; hal ini disebabkan karena terjadi penurunan pada besarnya kas dan efek perusahaan, sehingga menunjukkan tidak adanya efisiensi kinerja dari KSU BMT Insan Kamil dalam mengoptimalkan kas dan efek untuk menjamin hutang lancarnya. Hasil perhitungan quick ratio selama tahun 2007-2008 terjadi penurunan sebesar 17,75%; hal ini disebabkan karena terjadi penurunan pada besarnya kas dan efek perusahaan, sehingga menunjukkan tidak adanya efisiensi kinerja dari KSU BMT Insan Kamil dalam mengoptimalkan kas dan efek serta piutang untuk menjamin hutang lancarnya dan hasil perhitungan net working capital ratio selama tahun 2007-2008 terjadi peningkataan sebesar 827,676%; sehingga menunjukkan adanya efisiensi kinerja dari KSU BMT Insan Kamil dalam mengoptimalkan aktiva lancar untuk menjamin hutang lancarnya. Analisis rasio solvabilitas untuk hasil perhitungan pada total debt to equity ratio selama tahun 2007-2008 terjadi penurunan sebesar 51,57%; sehingga menunjukkan tidak adanya efisiensi kinerja dari KSU BMT Insan Kamil dalam mengoptimalkan modal sendiri untuk menjamin seluruh hutang perusahaan dan hasil perhitungan total debt total to capital selama tahun 2007-2008 terjadi penurunan sebesar 4,20%; hal ini terjadi disebabkan karena peningkatan modal perusahaan tidak dioptimalkan untuk menekan besarnya hutang, sehingga menunjukkan tidak adanya efisiensi kinerja dari KSU BMT Insan Kamil dalam mengoptimalkan jumlah modal untuk menjamin seluruh hutang perusahaan. Analisis rasio rentabilitas untuk hasil perhitungan net profit margin selama tahun 2007-2008 terjadi penurunan sebesar 9,40%; sehingga menunjukkan tidak adanya efisiensi kinerja dari KSU BMT Insan Kamil dalam mengoptimalkan penjualan untuk menghasilkan laba bersih. Hasil perhitungan return on equity selama tahun 2007-2008 terjadi penurunan sebesar 58,99%; sehingga menunjukkan tidak adanya efisiensi kinerja dari KSU BMT Insan Kamil dalam mengoptimalkan modal sendiri untuk menghasilkan laba bersih dan hasil perhitungan return on investment selama tahun 2007-2008 terjadi penurunan sebesar 18,89%; hal ini disebabkan karena peningkatan jumlah aktiva tidak mampu dioptimalkan untuk menghasilkan laba, sehingga menunjukkan tidak adanya efisiensi kinerja dari KSU BMT Insan Kamil dalam mengoptimalkan jumlah aktiva untuk menghasilkan laba bersih. Jadi selama periode 2007 sampai 2008 kinerja keuangan BMT Insan Kamil dikatakan kurang baik.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2015

Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch ge... more Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your personal and scholarly purposes. You are not to copy documents for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public.

Human Organization, 1987

As part of current efforts to understand the role of ethnicity in entrepreneurship, the present s... more As part of current efforts to understand the role of ethnicity in entrepreneurship, the present study investigates the cultural/ ethnic aspects of the Chinese garment factories in New York City. It was found that enclave enterprises function differently than those in the center economy. The often assumed incompatibility of traditional values, personalism, familism and informal social relations which prevail in the enclave economy are important assets for the entrepreneurial pursuits of Chinese in the ethnic enclave in New York City. The skillful use of non-economic resources is vital in the establishment of the efficient but small garment factories which are best suited for: (1) the exploitation of the opportunity structure of New York's garment industry, (2) the maximization of capital and labor resources, and (3) the neutralization of management/labor conflicts. Contrary to the claims of many social scientists that ethnic enterprises are riven by conflicts and burdened by low productivity, the present study found that ethnic enterprises are successful. A major factor for their success is that ethnic enterprises are supported by a repertory of ethnic resources. Proper management of ethnic/cultural resources is a key to the entrepreneurial pursuits of ethnic businessmen.

This paper addresses issues of user preferences in web design of global e-commerce. Increasing at... more This paper addresses issues of user preferences in web design of global e-commerce. Increasing attention to global e-commerce sites are not only global companies' concerns but also an issue for users. This research is an attempt to identify issues of global web design and user preferences particularly from different culture backgrounds. An exploratory study relating to user preferences for design features in popular global sites is presented, and through it identifies a number of factors related to design in the B2C context and proposes a framework based on understanding of users' preferences of these factors. Results indicate that users are more likely to use global web sites if they find their favorite features in it. Users form different culture groups and their preferences are likely to influence different levels of design content in a web site. Furthermore, a user with his/her favorite design features that promote user's attention and lead to purchase of goods through the global sites.

Procedia Computer Science, 2015

Changing of requirements in a software project should be managed effectively. However, managing c... more Changing of requirements in a software project should be managed effectively. However, managing changes is a challenge due to many reasons. One ofthe reasons is requirements do not stand alone and they are typically related to one another in several ways. The relationships may impact individual requirement as well as the entire software project. Thus, this research aims to investigate how these types of requirements relationships impact requirements change as well as software project success. We examined the impacts from the perspective of business analyst using PLS. The findings can be used as a guide on working with requirements relationships knowledge that is useful for business analysts and research community.

Proceedings International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium

Sharing selected data structures among virtual machines of a safe language can improve resource u... more Sharing selected data structures among virtual machines of a safe language can improve resource utilization of each participating run-time system. The challenge is to determine what to share and how to share it in order to decrease start-up time and lower memory footprint without compromising the robustness of the system. Furthermore, the engineering effort required to implement the system must not be prohibitive. This paper demonstrates an approach that addresses these concerns in the context of the Java TM virtual machine. Our system transforms packages into shared libraries containing classes in a format matching the internal representation used within the virtual machine. We maximize the number of elements in the read-only section to take advantage of cross-process text segment sharing. Non-shareable data are automatically replicated when written to due to the operating system's streamlined support for copy-on-write. Relying on the existing shared libraries manipulation infrastructure significantly reduces the engineering effort.

Information System implementation can truly be considered as a “success” when a significant numbe... more Information System implementation can truly be considered as a “success” when a significant number of users have used the Information System (IS) on a continued basis. The lack of continuous use of an Information System has been identified as one of the major causes for IS project failure. The reason for the lack of an IS continuous use is due

2011 FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RESEARCH CHALLENGES IN INFORMATION SCIENCE, 2011

Several frameworks have been proposed in Requirements Engineering (RE) discipline that use goalor... more Several frameworks have been proposed in Requirements Engineering (RE) discipline that use goaloriented approach to model the concept of strategic alignment. Understanding the concept of strategic alignment from the perspective of Management Information Systems (MIS) discipline and evaluating goal-oriented approaches in the context of strategic alignment appear to be the fundamental weakness in the RE frameworks that claim to model strategic alignment. In this research we developed a list of constructs by analysing the concept of strategic alignment embedded in strategy map which is one of the widely used frameworks to develop strategic alignment in MIS discipline. In this regard we analysed details of a case study conducted to develop strategic alignment. Against the identified list of constructs we evaluated five well-known goal-oriented approaches and presented their level of effectiveness to model the concept of strategic alignment.

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004

Abstract Different advances have been made in the development of software process improvement (SP... more Abstract Different advances have been made in the development of software process improvement (SPI) standards and models, e.g. capability maturity model (CMM), more recently CMMI, and ISO’s SPICE. However, these advances have not been matched by equal advances,in the adoption,of these standards,and,models,in software,development,which has resulted in limited success for many SPI efforts. The current problem with SPI is not a

Third International Conference on Quality Software, 2003. Proceedings., 2003

The primary objective of this paper was to present a study on the metrics which can be applied to... more The primary objective of this paper was to present a study on the metrics which can be applied to the software evaluation framework. The paper presents the results of a preliminary study, which focuses on the measurements applied to the framework. It provides a description of the metrics used and an analysis of how they compare to each other in

Companion of the 13th international conference on Software engineering - ICSE Companion '08, 2008

Software Quality has been a major challenge throughout Information Technology projects. Whether i... more Software Quality has been a major challenge throughout Information Technology projects. Whether it is in software development, in software integration or whether it is in the implementation or customization of shrink-wrapped software, quality is regarded as a major issue. In the last couple of decades, much software engineering research has focussed on standards, methodologies and techniques for improving software quality,

Proceedings. 27th International Conference on Software Engineering, 2005. ICSE 2005., 2005

ABSTRACT Not Available

2014 IEEE 34th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, 2014

Most cloud providers improve resource utilization by having multiple tenants share the same resou... more Most cloud providers improve resource utilization by having multiple tenants share the same resources. However, this comes at the cost of reduced isolation between tenants, which can lead to inconsistent and unpredictable performance. This performance variability is a significant impediment for tenants running services with strict latency deadlines. Providing predictable performance is particularly important for cloud storage systems. The storage system is the performance bottleneck for many cloud-based services and therefore often determines their overall performance characteristics. In this paper, we introduce MicroFuge, a new distributed caching and scheduling middleware that provides performance isolation for cloud storage systems. MicroFuge addresses the performance isolation problem by building an empiricallydriven performance model of the underlying storage system based on measured data. Using this model, MicroFuge reduces deadline misses through adaptive deadline-aware cache eviction, scheduling and load-balancing policies. MicroFuge can also perform early rejection of requests that are unlikely to make their deadlines. Using workloads from the YCSB benchmark on an EC2 deployment, we show that adding MicroFuge to the storage stack substantially reduces the deadline miss rate of a distributed storage system compared to using a deadline oblivious distributed caching middleware such as Memcached.

Outsourcing Information Technology (IT) functions are becoming common IT strategies. The impact o... more Outsourcing Information Technology (IT) functions are becoming common IT strategies. The impact on IT professionals' careers is not yet known. The purpose of this research is to reveal what perceptions exist within in-house IT professionals. This research report provides the results of a survey completed by 120 in-house IT professionals. The majority of the respondents (94.1%) came from Government; Banking/Financial Services; Retail and Travel industries. Respondents were asked about their perceptions on IT outsourcing in terms of the benefits to the organization and to the IT professionals. A strong correlation between the employee's perceptions on IT outsourcing and the level of outsourced IT functions within their company was identified. Furthermore, the findings of this study will help IT managers be aware of the perceptions of IT professionals and the recommendations will also provide guidance to them in dealing with staff perceptions more effectively during the outsourcing processes.

Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, 2010

We solve the optimal asset allocation problem for an insurer or pension fund by using a benchmark... more We solve the optimal asset allocation problem for an insurer or pension fund by using a benchmarking approach. Under this approach the objective is an increasing function of the relative performance of the asset portfolio compared to a benchmark. The benchmark can be, for example, a function of an insurer's liability payments, or the (either contractual or target) payments of a pension fund. The benchmarking approach tolerates but progressively penalizes shortfalls, while at the same time progressively rewards out-performance. Working in a general, possibly non-Markovian setting, a solution to the optimization problem is presented, providing insights as to the impact of benchmarking on the resulting optimal portfolio. We further illustrate the results with a detailed example involving the an option based benchmark of particular interest to insurers and pension funds, and present closed form solutions.

Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, 2012

In actuarial risk theory, the introduction of dividend pay-outs in surplus models goes back to Br... more In actuarial risk theory, the introduction of dividend pay-outs in surplus models goes back to Bruno de Finetti (1957). Dividend strategies that can be found in the literature often yield pay-out patterns that are inconsistent with actual practice. One issue is the high variability of the dividend payment rates over time. We aim at addressing that problem by specifying a dividend strategy that yields stable dividend pay-outs over time. We model the surplus of a company at time t,

Family Business Review, 1992

This study examines the role of ethnicity and kinship in the economic adaptation of Chinese famil... more This study examines the role of ethnicity and kinship in the economic adaptation of Chinese family firms in the San Francisco Bay Area. The development and operation of these Chinese firms are the result of a complex interactive process involving ethnic resources–such as traditional values, kinship relations, and information networks–as well as structural opportunities and constraints. Throughout their history in the Bay Area, Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs have creatively adapted to their social, economic, and political environments with resources from the family.