Paul Sidwell | The University of Sydney (original) (raw)
Papers by Paul Sidwell
Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics, 2013
This study aims to quantify and compare acoustic parameters of the three Thai diphthongs /ia, ɨa,... more This study aims to quantify and compare acoustic parameters of the three Thai diphthongs /ia, ɨa, ua/ forensically. The likelihood-ratio approach is applied to the parameterized formant trajectories of each instance of each diphthong. The aim of this study is to assess whether such an approach can be used to effectively distinguish, in a probabilistic sense, two or more speech samples as belonging to the same speaker or as opposed to belonging to different speakers. Formant trajectories were fitted using polynomial interpolation. Likelihood ratio values were derived using the multivariate likelihood ratio (MVLR) estimation approach [1] and then calibrated by using the Log-Likelihood Ratio Cost function-Cllr [2]. Speech samples for this study were obtained from 15 male speakers of Standard Thai who performed various tasks aimed at eliciting speech such as giving directions from a map and reading from a script. Such speech data were recorded over two noncontemporaneous sessions separated by at least a week. The results show that the strength of evidence with calibrated Log10LRs > 4 were obtained with the smallest Cllr of 0.01.
De Gruyter eBooks, Aug 9, 2021
This is an Excel spreadsheet presenting lexical data for 122 Austroasiatic (AA) doculects, based ... more This is an Excel spreadsheet presenting lexical data for 122 Austroasiatic (AA) doculects, based on a 200 item list of semantic values. Each lexical item is scored for cognate judgement within each numbered semantic value. The purpose is to permit and test phylogenetic and lexicostatistical analyses. It is anticipated that the data set contains unrecognised errors, and is generally deserving of improvement, and scholars are heartily invited to report any and all shortcomings, or to make such offers of improvement as they may feel appropriate; such with be received with humility and acted upon with enthusiasm.
De Gruyter eBooks, Aug 9, 2021
Pacific Linguistics eBooks, 2007
THE MON-KHMER SUBSTRATE IN CHAMIC: CHAMIC, BAHNARIC & KATUIC CONTACT Paul Sidwell Centre for ... more THE MON-KHMER SUBSTRATE IN CHAMIC: CHAMIC, BAHNARIC & KATUIC CONTACT Paul Sidwell Centre for Research in Computational Linguistics (Bangkok) & Australian National University < paulsidwell@ yahoo. com> 1 Introduction The publication of Thurgood's (1999, ...
![Research paper thumbnail of The Tones from Proto-Chamic to Tsat [Hainan Cham]: Insights from Zheng 1997 and from Summer 2004 fieldwork](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109270525/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](The Cham of Hainan, termed Huihui (that is, Muslim) by the Chinese, mainly live just within the Y... more The Cham of Hainan, termed Huihui (that is, Muslim) by the Chinese, mainly live just within the Yanglan township within the Sanya municipality on Hainan, in the villages of Huihui and Huixi. These people call themselves u 33 tsa:n? 32 , an autonym composed of U 'people' + Tsat 'Cham'« Proto-Chamic [PC] *cam 'Cham'), and their language tsa:n? 32 'Tsat' « PC *cam 'Cham ,). 2 Historical reconstruction of Chamic (Thurgood 1999:224-227) makes it clear that the Tsat represent an offshoot of the Northern Cham of the Champa Kingdom. The first mention of the Kingdom of Champa, according to Coedes (1968:42), around 190 to 193 AD, but the fIrst reference to what was the Tsat was undoubtedly in the Chinese dynastic records, which seem to have referred to the Tsat twice, once in 986 and once in 988. These dates fo llow not too long after the fall of the Vietnamese, in their 'Push to the South' sacked the capital in Indrapura in 982. This fall of the capital in 982 accounts for the refugees mentioned in the Chinese dynastic records of 986 (History of the Song Dynasty (960-1 279), which records in 986 the arrival of some Cham in Hainan from Zhancheng [=Cham City] (Zheng 1986:37)). Another group is recorded in 988 in Guangzhou (Canton). The capital then moved to the south, but in 1491, the southern capital at Vijaya also fe ll resulting in another influx of refugees in Hainan. The fIrst modem account and the fIrst account containing linguistic data, however, is H. Stiibel's short note on the language fo und in his 1937 work entitled Die Li-Stdmme der Insel Ha inan: ein Beitrag =ur Vo lkskunde Sud-Chinas, unter Mitwirkung von P. Me riggi, which, despite showing no indication of the tones and being limited to a relatively the Cham Raglai (the Roglai; from ra 'people' + glai 'forest'), the Cham Jarai (the Jarai), the Cham Kur (Cham + kur 'Khmer', the Western Cham of Cambodia and Southern Vietnam), and the Cham Ro > Chru (from Cham + r:J 'remnant').
On the basis of historical linguistic and language geographic evidence, the authors advance the n... more On the basis of historical linguistic and language geographic evidence, the authors advance the novel hypothesis that the Munda languages originated on the east coast of India after their Austroasiatic precursor arrived via a maritime route from Southeast Asia, 3,500 to 4,000 years ago. Based on the linguistic evidence, we argue that pre-Proto-Munda arose in Mainland Southeast Asia after the spread of rice agriculture in the late Neolithic period, sometime after 4,500 years ago. A small Austroasiatic population then brought pre-Proto-Munda by means of a maritime route across the Bay of Bengal to the Mahanadi Delta region – an important hub location for maritime trade in historic and pre-historic times. The interaction with a local South Asian population gave rise to proto-Munda and the Munda branch of Austroasiatic. The Maritime Hypothesis accounts for the linguistic evidence better than other scenarios such as an Indian origin of Austroasiatic or a migration from Southeast Asia thr...
De Gruyter eBooks, Aug 9, 2021
De Gruyter eBooks, Aug 9, 2021
De Gruyter eBooks, Aug 9, 2021
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2022
Verb-initial order is reported for less than 9% of the 1,377 languages in the WALS word order dat... more Verb-initial order is reported for less than 9% of the 1,377 languages in the WALS word order database (Dryer 2013). This makes such order somewhat unusual among languages of the world, and leads us to question how verb-initial order develops or is lost diachronically. Many of the Khasian varieties prefer verb-initial clauses, a feature they share with Nicobarese lects but not with the rest of the phylum (Munda is largely SOV and AA languages in MSEA are largely SVO in terms of the WALS typology; see Jenny et al. 2015); yet this fact has been hidden from scholarship until recently due to the dearth of information about the Khasian varieties. The current chapter describes the state of knowledge about word order within this group, with the perspective that Khasian word order has interesting implications for the development of various subsystems of grammar such as gender marking in Khasian, and potentially for the history of Austroasiatic as a whole
Abbreviations ix 2 Data preparation 2.1 Chrau 2.1.1 Chrau mainsyllable initials 2.1.2 Chrau termi... more Abbreviations ix 2 Data preparation 2.1 Chrau 2.1.1 Chrau mainsyllable initials 2.1.2 Chrau terminals 2.1.3 Chrau minorsyllables 2.1.4 Chrau vowels 2.2 Stieng 2.2.1 Stieng mainsyllable initials 2.2.2 Stieng terminals 2.2.3 Stieng minorsyllables 2.2.4 Stieng vowels 29 2.3 Koho 2.3.1 Koho main syllable initials 2.3.2 Koho terminals vii viii 2.3.3 2.3.4 Koho minorsyllables Koho vowels 3 Phonological reconstruction 3.1 3.2 Consonant correspondences 3.1 .1 PSB mainsyllable initials 3.1 .2 PSB terminals 3.1.3 PSB minorsyllables Vowel correspondences 3.2.1 PSB long vowels and diphthongs 3.2.2 PSB short vowels 3.2.3 Summary of PSB vowels 4 South Bahnaric comparative etymological dictionary Appendix 1: Semantic index of protoforms Appendix 2: Index of proto forms
The Cua language of the Central Vietnam Highlands has been little studied, and is barely known be... more The Cua language of the Central Vietnam Highlands has been little studied, and is barely known beyond a few unpublished wordlists. Recently the author acquired an extensive manuscript lexicon (Maier & Burton 1981), and also made some brief field recordings. With the help of this data the phonological history of Cua is reconstructed, with reference to a preliminary reconstruction of proto-Bahnaric. Additionally, the question of classification is discussed; it was treated as Eastern North Bahnaric by Smith (1973) and Central Bahanric by Sidwell (2002). The present study argues that Cua reflects a distinct Eastern branch which has been influenced by contact with North Bahnaric (in addition to Vietnamese and Chamic)
Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics, 2013
This study aims to quantify and compare acoustic parameters of the three Thai diphthongs /ia, ɨa,... more This study aims to quantify and compare acoustic parameters of the three Thai diphthongs /ia, ɨa, ua/ forensically. The likelihood-ratio approach is applied to the parameterized formant trajectories of each instance of each diphthong. The aim of this study is to assess whether such an approach can be used to effectively distinguish, in a probabilistic sense, two or more speech samples as belonging to the same speaker or as opposed to belonging to different speakers. Formant trajectories were fitted using polynomial interpolation. Likelihood ratio values were derived using the multivariate likelihood ratio (MVLR) estimation approach [1] and then calibrated by using the Log-Likelihood Ratio Cost function-Cllr [2]. Speech samples for this study were obtained from 15 male speakers of Standard Thai who performed various tasks aimed at eliciting speech such as giving directions from a map and reading from a script. Such speech data were recorded over two noncontemporaneous sessions separated by at least a week. The results show that the strength of evidence with calibrated Log10LRs > 4 were obtained with the smallest Cllr of 0.01.
De Gruyter eBooks, Aug 9, 2021
This is an Excel spreadsheet presenting lexical data for 122 Austroasiatic (AA) doculects, based ... more This is an Excel spreadsheet presenting lexical data for 122 Austroasiatic (AA) doculects, based on a 200 item list of semantic values. Each lexical item is scored for cognate judgement within each numbered semantic value. The purpose is to permit and test phylogenetic and lexicostatistical analyses. It is anticipated that the data set contains unrecognised errors, and is generally deserving of improvement, and scholars are heartily invited to report any and all shortcomings, or to make such offers of improvement as they may feel appropriate; such with be received with humility and acted upon with enthusiasm.
De Gruyter eBooks, Aug 9, 2021
Pacific Linguistics eBooks, 2007
THE MON-KHMER SUBSTRATE IN CHAMIC: CHAMIC, BAHNARIC & KATUIC CONTACT Paul Sidwell Centre for ... more THE MON-KHMER SUBSTRATE IN CHAMIC: CHAMIC, BAHNARIC & KATUIC CONTACT Paul Sidwell Centre for Research in Computational Linguistics (Bangkok) & Australian National University < paulsidwell@ yahoo. com> 1 Introduction The publication of Thurgood's (1999, ...
The Cham of Hainan, termed Huihui (that is, Muslim) by the Chinese, mainly live just within the Y... more The Cham of Hainan, termed Huihui (that is, Muslim) by the Chinese, mainly live just within the Yanglan township within the Sanya municipality on Hainan, in the villages of Huihui and Huixi. These people call themselves u 33 tsa:n? 32 , an autonym composed of U 'people' + Tsat 'Cham'« Proto-Chamic [PC] *cam 'Cham'), and their language tsa:n? 32 'Tsat' « PC *cam 'Cham ,). 2 Historical reconstruction of Chamic (Thurgood 1999:224-227) makes it clear that the Tsat represent an offshoot of the Northern Cham of the Champa Kingdom. The first mention of the Kingdom of Champa, according to Coedes (1968:42), around 190 to 193 AD, but the fIrst reference to what was the Tsat was undoubtedly in the Chinese dynastic records, which seem to have referred to the Tsat twice, once in 986 and once in 988. These dates fo llow not too long after the fall of the Vietnamese, in their 'Push to the South' sacked the capital in Indrapura in 982. This fall of the capital in 982 accounts for the refugees mentioned in the Chinese dynastic records of 986 (History of the Song Dynasty (960-1 279), which records in 986 the arrival of some Cham in Hainan from Zhancheng [=Cham City] (Zheng 1986:37)). Another group is recorded in 988 in Guangzhou (Canton). The capital then moved to the south, but in 1491, the southern capital at Vijaya also fe ll resulting in another influx of refugees in Hainan. The fIrst modem account and the fIrst account containing linguistic data, however, is H. Stiibel's short note on the language fo und in his 1937 work entitled Die Li-Stdmme der Insel Ha inan: ein Beitrag =ur Vo lkskunde Sud-Chinas, unter Mitwirkung von P. Me riggi, which, despite showing no indication of the tones and being limited to a relatively the Cham Raglai (the Roglai; from ra 'people' + glai 'forest'), the Cham Jarai (the Jarai), the Cham Kur (Cham + kur 'Khmer', the Western Cham of Cambodia and Southern Vietnam), and the Cham Ro > Chru (from Cham + r:J 'remnant').
On the basis of historical linguistic and language geographic evidence, the authors advance the n... more On the basis of historical linguistic and language geographic evidence, the authors advance the novel hypothesis that the Munda languages originated on the east coast of India after their Austroasiatic precursor arrived via a maritime route from Southeast Asia, 3,500 to 4,000 years ago. Based on the linguistic evidence, we argue that pre-Proto-Munda arose in Mainland Southeast Asia after the spread of rice agriculture in the late Neolithic period, sometime after 4,500 years ago. A small Austroasiatic population then brought pre-Proto-Munda by means of a maritime route across the Bay of Bengal to the Mahanadi Delta region – an important hub location for maritime trade in historic and pre-historic times. The interaction with a local South Asian population gave rise to proto-Munda and the Munda branch of Austroasiatic. The Maritime Hypothesis accounts for the linguistic evidence better than other scenarios such as an Indian origin of Austroasiatic or a migration from Southeast Asia thr...
De Gruyter eBooks, Aug 9, 2021
De Gruyter eBooks, Aug 9, 2021
De Gruyter eBooks, Aug 9, 2021
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2022
Verb-initial order is reported for less than 9% of the 1,377 languages in the WALS word order dat... more Verb-initial order is reported for less than 9% of the 1,377 languages in the WALS word order database (Dryer 2013). This makes such order somewhat unusual among languages of the world, and leads us to question how verb-initial order develops or is lost diachronically. Many of the Khasian varieties prefer verb-initial clauses, a feature they share with Nicobarese lects but not with the rest of the phylum (Munda is largely SOV and AA languages in MSEA are largely SVO in terms of the WALS typology; see Jenny et al. 2015); yet this fact has been hidden from scholarship until recently due to the dearth of information about the Khasian varieties. The current chapter describes the state of knowledge about word order within this group, with the perspective that Khasian word order has interesting implications for the development of various subsystems of grammar such as gender marking in Khasian, and potentially for the history of Austroasiatic as a whole
Abbreviations ix 2 Data preparation 2.1 Chrau 2.1.1 Chrau mainsyllable initials 2.1.2 Chrau termi... more Abbreviations ix 2 Data preparation 2.1 Chrau 2.1.1 Chrau mainsyllable initials 2.1.2 Chrau terminals 2.1.3 Chrau minorsyllables 2.1.4 Chrau vowels 2.2 Stieng 2.2.1 Stieng mainsyllable initials 2.2.2 Stieng terminals 2.2.3 Stieng minorsyllables 2.2.4 Stieng vowels 29 2.3 Koho 2.3.1 Koho main syllable initials 2.3.2 Koho terminals vii viii 2.3.3 2.3.4 Koho minorsyllables Koho vowels 3 Phonological reconstruction 3.1 3.2 Consonant correspondences 3.1 .1 PSB mainsyllable initials 3.1 .2 PSB terminals 3.1.3 PSB minorsyllables Vowel correspondences 3.2.1 PSB long vowels and diphthongs 3.2.2 PSB short vowels 3.2.3 Summary of PSB vowels 4 South Bahnaric comparative etymological dictionary Appendix 1: Semantic index of protoforms Appendix 2: Index of proto forms
The Cua language of the Central Vietnam Highlands has been little studied, and is barely known be... more The Cua language of the Central Vietnam Highlands has been little studied, and is barely known beyond a few unpublished wordlists. Recently the author acquired an extensive manuscript lexicon (Maier & Burton 1981), and also made some brief field recordings. With the help of this data the phonological history of Cua is reconstructed, with reference to a preliminary reconstruction of proto-Bahnaric. Additionally, the question of classification is discussed; it was treated as Eastern North Bahnaric by Smith (1973) and Central Bahanric by Sidwell (2002). The present study argues that Cua reflects a distinct Eastern branch which has been influenced by contact with North Bahnaric (in addition to Vietnamese and Chamic)