Peter Rothenhoefer | Sun Yat-Sen University (original) (raw)
Papers by Peter Rothenhoefer
Madrider Mitteilungen , 2023
This article sheds light on two aspects of Roman mining history in the Córdoba region. Firstly, i... more This article sheds light on two aspects of Roman mining history in the Córdoba region. Firstly, it can be assumed that Sextus Marius († 33 AD) acquired his mines through imperial favour. The reclaiming of the mines after his fall by Tiberius corresponds to imperial practice, and not to the emperor's greed – as Tacitus all too tendentiously portrays.
Secondly, a new testimony of a company active in copper mining at Córdoba is presented, namely a lead seal, marked S(ocietatis) AE(rariarum) L(…), and dated to c. 50 BC to AD 50.
Conimbriga, 2023
Four glandes inscriptae from the Iberian Peninsula are presented in this paper. For two of them a... more Four glandes inscriptae from the Iberian Peninsula are presented in this paper. For two of them a connection to the Republican governors C. Flaminius and L. Mummius is proposed, and therefore a date in the 2nd century BC. A third slingshot bullet was most likely cast at the beginning of the governorship of the proconsul C. Valerius Flaccus, c. 92/91 BC. On the fourth specimen two names are inscribed, Afranius and Messalla, presumably two military leaders; it is carefully suggested that they could have been active during the Sertorian War. The communis opinio regarding the use of glandes inscriptae on the Iberian Peninsula must be modified: rather than being a phenomenon of the 1st century BC, peculiar to the Sertorian War (82-72 BC) and the confrontation between Caesar and the Pompeian faction (48-45 BC), they can now be traced back as far as the early 2nd century BC.
METALLA
A Roman lead ingot with the mould mark metallo Messallini provides highly interesting insight int... more A Roman lead ingot with the mould mark metallo Messallini provides highly interesting insight into the economic side of power politics pursued by the first Roman emperor Augustus. The proprietor of the mine, Messallinus, can be identified with Marcus Valerius Messalla Messallinus, consul in 3 BC and governor of Illyricum in AD 6. At the beginning of the Illyrian revolt in AD 6 he achieved important victories over the insurgent tribes. The mines were likely a gift from Augustus (who owned mines in that region) to Messallinus for his deeds. The shape of the panel and the inscription on the ingot as well as lead isotope analysis suggest an origin in the ore regions of Serbia and the Kosovo. According to the isotope comparison, the mines were located in the district of today’s Novo Brdo in eastern Kosovo (Figure 1).
Connecting the Ancient West and East, 2022
The article presents two silver casseroles dedicated to Dea Syria, an oriental goddess rarely att... more The article presents two silver casseroles dedicated to Dea Syria, an oriental goddess rarely attested in the Roman Empire. The person making the offering, Moukaporis, son of Ditoukenthos, can be identified with a magister of vicus Quintionis, a village of Roman veterans settled in the territory of Istros.
Antiquité Tardive , 2020
A Roman bronze measure with inscription is presented here. It can be dated to AD 402-408, due to ... more A Roman bronze measure with inscription is presented here. It can be dated to AD 402-408, due to the three emperors mentioned, Arcadius, Honorius, and Theodosius II. In the incised text the measure is called a sextarium exagialem, unc(iae) XXIIII, a sextarium for the weight of 24 ounces (= two Roman pounds). A test of the weight with spelt led to the confirmation of this weight indication.
The beaker has an extraordinary designed handle. The busts of three emperors looking at the vessel are fixed on a vertical crossbeam at the top of the handle, illustrating imperial control and authority. An inscription from the horreum of Andriake (Lycia) provides the late antique terminus technicus for this kind of measure, sextarium trisaugusteum.
Madrider Mitteilungen, 2018
Roman lead ingots bearing names of entrepreneurs are excellent sources for the economic and socia... more Roman lead ingots bearing names of entrepreneurs are excellent sources for the economic and social history of Cartagena. An important family of entrepreneurs from the end of the 2nd century until about the middle of the 1st century BC were the Planii. 46 lead ingots from 14 different find spots in the Mediterranean area give impetus to trace their activities over three generations: Lucius Planius was involved in the production (and distribution?) of lead, probably at the end of the 2nd century or around 100 BC; he was followed by his son Lucius Planius Russinus, whose activities can be dated from about 90 to 70 BC. Marcus Planius Russinus was probably the son of the latter, doing business in the second quarter of the 1st century BC.
Lead isotope analyses allow to trace their mining activities in south-eastern Spain. The high number of lead isotope data obtained in the context of the »Corpus of Roman Lead Ingots« project now make it possible to distinguish the mining area of the Sierra de las Moreras/Mazarrón from the Sierra de Cartagena/La Unión. Both Lucius Planius and Lucius Planius Russinus were active in the Sierra de Cartagena, situated east of Cartagena. The latter, however, also started to trade in lead from Mazarrón. The lead of the ingots marked with the name of Marcus Planius Russinus was derived only from mines of the Sierra de las Moreras/Mazarrón. Los lingotes de plomo romanos con sellos latinos constituyen excelentes fuentes para estudiar la historia económica y social de Cartagena. Una cifra de 46 lingotes de plomo procedentes de 14 lugares de hallazgo diferentes permite rastrear a los Planii, una importante familia de empresarios documentada entre fines del siglo II a. C y mediados del I a. C, a lo largo de tres generaciones. Lucius Planius estuvo en activo probablemente durante los años finales del siglo II a. C o alrededor del año 100 a. C. Fue seguido por su hijo Lucius Planius Russinus, cuyas actividades se pueden fechar aproximadamente entre los años 90 y 70 a. C. Finalmente, conocemo parte de los negocios de Marcus Planius Russinus, probablemente hijo de este último, en el segundo cuarto del siglo I a. C.
Los análisis de isótopos de plomo permiten rastrear sus actividades mineras en el sureste de España. La gran cantidad de información obtenida de los isótopos en el curso del proyecto de investigación: »Corpus of Roman Lead Ingots«, nos permite constatar la actividad tanto de Lucius Planius como de Lucius Planius Russinus en la Sierra de Cartagena, al este de Cartagena. Lucius Planius Russinus también hizo negocios con plomo de Mazarrón. Por otra parte, el plomo de los lingotes marcados con el nombre de Marcus Planius Russinus, solo proviene
de las minas de la Sierra de las Moreras, en las proximidades de Mazarrón.
Ficheiro Epigráfico, 2023
The stamp on a Roman lead ingot found in the south of Corse at Piantarella and with a provenance ... more The stamp on a Roman lead ingot found in the south of Corse at Piantarella and with a provenance from the Sierra Morena, Spain, must be read as M. AGRIP. It therefore refers to the famous Marcus Agrippa.
ROMISCH-GERMANISCHES ZENTRALMUSEUM, 2017
Archiv für Religionsgeschichte, 2009
Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 2009
RefDoc Bienvenue - Welcome. Refdoc est un service / is powered by. ...
Gephyra, 2022
The article introduces a hitherto unpublished small fragment of a bronze tablet in a private col... more The article introduces a hitherto unpublished small fragment of a bronze tablet in a private collection. It is inscribed with the copy of an imperial letter (exemplum sacrarum litterarum) presumably from the Black Sea region. Although neither the name of the emperor nor a date is preserved, epigraphic elements point to a dating in the 3rd-4th century.
Antiquité Tardive, 2020
A Roman bronze measure with inscription is presented here. It can be dated to AD 402-408, due to ... more A Roman bronze measure with inscription is presented here. It can be dated to AD 402-408, due to the three emperors mentioned, Arcadius, Honorius, and Theodosius II. In the incised text the measure...
Madrider Mitteilungen, 2020
A Roman lead ingot fragment found east of Mazarrón, on which only the cognomen Pica can be read, ... more A Roman lead ingot fragment found east of Mazarrón, on which only the cognomen Pica can be read, was formerly assigned to a Minucius Pica, a person mentioned in Varro’s res rustica (3,2,2). However, since the person named by Varro is a literarily invented figure, both this equation and the reconstruction of the name are invalid.Provenance studies also led to the surprising result that this ingot does not originate from the well-known Mazarrón mines, but maybe from neighbouring local deposits in the Sierra de la Muela.
Madrider Mitteilungen , 2023
This article sheds light on two aspects of Roman mining history in the Córdoba region. Firstly, i... more This article sheds light on two aspects of Roman mining history in the Córdoba region. Firstly, it can be assumed that Sextus Marius († 33 AD) acquired his mines through imperial favour. The reclaiming of the mines after his fall by Tiberius corresponds to imperial practice, and not to the emperor's greed – as Tacitus all too tendentiously portrays.
Secondly, a new testimony of a company active in copper mining at Córdoba is presented, namely a lead seal, marked S(ocietatis) AE(rariarum) L(…), and dated to c. 50 BC to AD 50.
Conimbriga, 2023
Four glandes inscriptae from the Iberian Peninsula are presented in this paper. For two of them a... more Four glandes inscriptae from the Iberian Peninsula are presented in this paper. For two of them a connection to the Republican governors C. Flaminius and L. Mummius is proposed, and therefore a date in the 2nd century BC. A third slingshot bullet was most likely cast at the beginning of the governorship of the proconsul C. Valerius Flaccus, c. 92/91 BC. On the fourth specimen two names are inscribed, Afranius and Messalla, presumably two military leaders; it is carefully suggested that they could have been active during the Sertorian War. The communis opinio regarding the use of glandes inscriptae on the Iberian Peninsula must be modified: rather than being a phenomenon of the 1st century BC, peculiar to the Sertorian War (82-72 BC) and the confrontation between Caesar and the Pompeian faction (48-45 BC), they can now be traced back as far as the early 2nd century BC.
METALLA
A Roman lead ingot with the mould mark metallo Messallini provides highly interesting insight int... more A Roman lead ingot with the mould mark metallo Messallini provides highly interesting insight into the economic side of power politics pursued by the first Roman emperor Augustus. The proprietor of the mine, Messallinus, can be identified with Marcus Valerius Messalla Messallinus, consul in 3 BC and governor of Illyricum in AD 6. At the beginning of the Illyrian revolt in AD 6 he achieved important victories over the insurgent tribes. The mines were likely a gift from Augustus (who owned mines in that region) to Messallinus for his deeds. The shape of the panel and the inscription on the ingot as well as lead isotope analysis suggest an origin in the ore regions of Serbia and the Kosovo. According to the isotope comparison, the mines were located in the district of today’s Novo Brdo in eastern Kosovo (Figure 1).
Connecting the Ancient West and East, 2022
The article presents two silver casseroles dedicated to Dea Syria, an oriental goddess rarely att... more The article presents two silver casseroles dedicated to Dea Syria, an oriental goddess rarely attested in the Roman Empire. The person making the offering, Moukaporis, son of Ditoukenthos, can be identified with a magister of vicus Quintionis, a village of Roman veterans settled in the territory of Istros.
Antiquité Tardive , 2020
A Roman bronze measure with inscription is presented here. It can be dated to AD 402-408, due to ... more A Roman bronze measure with inscription is presented here. It can be dated to AD 402-408, due to the three emperors mentioned, Arcadius, Honorius, and Theodosius II. In the incised text the measure is called a sextarium exagialem, unc(iae) XXIIII, a sextarium for the weight of 24 ounces (= two Roman pounds). A test of the weight with spelt led to the confirmation of this weight indication.
The beaker has an extraordinary designed handle. The busts of three emperors looking at the vessel are fixed on a vertical crossbeam at the top of the handle, illustrating imperial control and authority. An inscription from the horreum of Andriake (Lycia) provides the late antique terminus technicus for this kind of measure, sextarium trisaugusteum.
Madrider Mitteilungen, 2018
Roman lead ingots bearing names of entrepreneurs are excellent sources for the economic and socia... more Roman lead ingots bearing names of entrepreneurs are excellent sources for the economic and social history of Cartagena. An important family of entrepreneurs from the end of the 2nd century until about the middle of the 1st century BC were the Planii. 46 lead ingots from 14 different find spots in the Mediterranean area give impetus to trace their activities over three generations: Lucius Planius was involved in the production (and distribution?) of lead, probably at the end of the 2nd century or around 100 BC; he was followed by his son Lucius Planius Russinus, whose activities can be dated from about 90 to 70 BC. Marcus Planius Russinus was probably the son of the latter, doing business in the second quarter of the 1st century BC.
Lead isotope analyses allow to trace their mining activities in south-eastern Spain. The high number of lead isotope data obtained in the context of the »Corpus of Roman Lead Ingots« project now make it possible to distinguish the mining area of the Sierra de las Moreras/Mazarrón from the Sierra de Cartagena/La Unión. Both Lucius Planius and Lucius Planius Russinus were active in the Sierra de Cartagena, situated east of Cartagena. The latter, however, also started to trade in lead from Mazarrón. The lead of the ingots marked with the name of Marcus Planius Russinus was derived only from mines of the Sierra de las Moreras/Mazarrón. Los lingotes de plomo romanos con sellos latinos constituyen excelentes fuentes para estudiar la historia económica y social de Cartagena. Una cifra de 46 lingotes de plomo procedentes de 14 lugares de hallazgo diferentes permite rastrear a los Planii, una importante familia de empresarios documentada entre fines del siglo II a. C y mediados del I a. C, a lo largo de tres generaciones. Lucius Planius estuvo en activo probablemente durante los años finales del siglo II a. C o alrededor del año 100 a. C. Fue seguido por su hijo Lucius Planius Russinus, cuyas actividades se pueden fechar aproximadamente entre los años 90 y 70 a. C. Finalmente, conocemo parte de los negocios de Marcus Planius Russinus, probablemente hijo de este último, en el segundo cuarto del siglo I a. C.
Los análisis de isótopos de plomo permiten rastrear sus actividades mineras en el sureste de España. La gran cantidad de información obtenida de los isótopos en el curso del proyecto de investigación: »Corpus of Roman Lead Ingots«, nos permite constatar la actividad tanto de Lucius Planius como de Lucius Planius Russinus en la Sierra de Cartagena, al este de Cartagena. Lucius Planius Russinus también hizo negocios con plomo de Mazarrón. Por otra parte, el plomo de los lingotes marcados con el nombre de Marcus Planius Russinus, solo proviene
de las minas de la Sierra de las Moreras, en las proximidades de Mazarrón.
Ficheiro Epigráfico, 2023
The stamp on a Roman lead ingot found in the south of Corse at Piantarella and with a provenance ... more The stamp on a Roman lead ingot found in the south of Corse at Piantarella and with a provenance from the Sierra Morena, Spain, must be read as M. AGRIP. It therefore refers to the famous Marcus Agrippa.
ROMISCH-GERMANISCHES ZENTRALMUSEUM, 2017
Archiv für Religionsgeschichte, 2009
Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 2009
RefDoc Bienvenue - Welcome. Refdoc est un service / is powered by. ...
Gephyra, 2022
The article introduces a hitherto unpublished small fragment of a bronze tablet in a private col... more The article introduces a hitherto unpublished small fragment of a bronze tablet in a private collection. It is inscribed with the copy of an imperial letter (exemplum sacrarum litterarum) presumably from the Black Sea region. Although neither the name of the emperor nor a date is preserved, epigraphic elements point to a dating in the 3rd-4th century.
Antiquité Tardive, 2020
A Roman bronze measure with inscription is presented here. It can be dated to AD 402-408, due to ... more A Roman bronze measure with inscription is presented here. It can be dated to AD 402-408, due to the three emperors mentioned, Arcadius, Honorius, and Theodosius II. In the incised text the measure...
Madrider Mitteilungen, 2020
A Roman lead ingot fragment found east of Mazarrón, on which only the cognomen Pica can be read, ... more A Roman lead ingot fragment found east of Mazarrón, on which only the cognomen Pica can be read, was formerly assigned to a Minucius Pica, a person mentioned in Varro’s res rustica (3,2,2). However, since the person named by Varro is a literarily invented figure, both this equation and the reconstruction of the name are invalid.Provenance studies also led to the surprising result that this ingot does not originate from the well-known Mazarrón mines, but maybe from neighbouring local deposits in the Sierra de la Muela.
Panegyrikoi Logoi. Festschrift für Johannes Nollé zum 65. Geburtstag. Habelt Verlag, Bonn 2019
Ausgehend von der Frage nach den wirtschaftlichen Grundlagen des Reichtums im römischen Köln wird... more Ausgehend von der Frage nach den wirtschaftlichen Grundlagen des Reichtums im römischen Köln wird die Wirtschaftsentwicklung in der Region südliches Niedergermanien in römischer Zeit [50 v.Chr.-450 n.Chr.] eingehend untersucht. Dabei geht es um Landwirtschaft, Metallgewinnung, Nutzung von Stein- und Kohlevorkommen, Handwerk, Dienstleistungen, Geldwirtschaft und Handel. Wurde bisher Handwerkssparten wie Keramikproduktion und Glaserzeugung eine wichtige Rolle für die Erwirtschaftung von Wohlstand zugeschrieben, ist nunmehr klar, dass vor allem durch die landwirtschaftliche Überproduktion an Getreide in den fruchtbaren Lößbörden ein bedeutender Mehrwert erwirtschaftet wurde. Wichtige Elemente waren Villae rusticae, ein reiches Gerätespektrum, die Ablösung von Gerste durch Dinkel als Hauptgetreide, die Übernahme südlicher Pflanzen und des Gartenbaus sowie größere Arbeitstiere. In der Eifel lagen Erzvorkommen [Eisen, Blei, Zink], um Aachen fand sich Steinkohle. Fernhandel wurde u.a. mit Britannien, der Gallia Belgica und Obergermanien getrieben. Schließlich waren die Militärgarnisonen von großer wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung für das Gebiet. Von der 2. Hälfte des 3. Jhs. bis zum 5. Jh. sank die wirtschaftliche Produktivität allmählich infolge wiederkehrender Einfälle der Franken.
Die Geschichte einer Stadt ist immer auch eine Wirtschaftsgeschichte. Einen umfangreichen und spa... more Die Geschichte einer Stadt ist immer auch eine Wirtschaftsgeschichte. Einen umfangreichen und spannenden, reich bebilderten Überblick über die 2000 jährige Wirtschaftsgeschichte der Rheinmetropole Köln bietet dem Leser das neue Buch „Kleine illustrierte Wirtschaftsgeschichte der Stadt Köln“. Die Autoren Christian Hillen, Peter Rothenhöfer und Ulrich S. Soénius vermitteln als ausgewiesene Experten einen souveränen Überblick – von der Römerzeit bis in die Gegenwart.
Durch die unmittelbare Anbindung zum Rhein war Köln seit seiner Gründung in römischer Zeit Hafen- und Handelsstadt sowie Verkehrsknotenpunkt Europas. Im- und Export profitierten in besonderem Maße von dem Transportweg über Wasser. Darüber hinaus war die Stadt seit 1164 Wallfahrtsort, der durch die Reliquien der Heiligen Drei Könige im Kölner Dom zahlreiche Gläubige über Jahrhunderte hinweg begeisterte.
Das Werk zeigt Köln als eine der bedeutendsten Wirtschaftsstädte Deutschlands, die durch das 1259 bestätigte Stapelrecht zu wirtschaftlichem Wohlstand gelangte. Auf den 192 Seiten wird anschaulich dargestellt, wie bereits das römische Köln prosperierte, wie sich später große Unternehmen bildeten und Köln im Laufe der Industrialisierung schnell einen bedeutenden wirtschaftlichen Status erhielt, der bis heute gilt. Zahlreiche Funk- und Fernsehanstalten prägen in der Gegenwart das Bild der Medienstadt.
Varia testamentorum fragmenta, 2023
Einladung zum Werkstattseminar am Leopold Wenger-Institut für Antike Rechtsgeschichte der LMU Mün... more Einladung zum Werkstattseminar am Leopold Wenger-Institut für Antike Rechtsgeschichte der LMU München
New legal documents from the Byzacena archive are presented and will be discussed
Neue rechtshistorische Dokumente VI: exs hac die donatio rata firmataque Werkstattseminar für ant... more Neue rechtshistorische Dokumente VI: exs hac die donatio rata firmataque
Werkstattseminar für antike Rechtsgeschichte, LMU München, 23.5.2019