Lawrence Schiller | Texas A&M University (original) (raw)
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Papers by Lawrence Schiller
The American Journal of Gastroenterology, May 22, 2012
Gastroenterology, Jul 1, 1982
Current Gastroenterology Reports, Oct 1, 1999
Diarrhea, defined as loose stools, occurs when the intestine does not complete absorption of elec... more Diarrhea, defined as loose stools, occurs when the intestine does not complete absorption of electrolytes and water from luminal contents. This can happen when a nonabsorbable, osmotically active substance is ingested ("osmotic diarrhea") or when electrolyte absorption is impaired ("secretory diarrhea"). Most cases of acute and chronic diarrhea are due to the latter mechanism. Secretory diarrhea can result from bacterial toxins, reduced absorptive surface area caused by disease or resection, luminal secretagogues (such as bile acids or laxatives), circulating secretagogues (such as various hormones, drugs, and poisons), and medical problems that compromise regulation of intestinal function. Evaluation of patients with secretory diarrhea must be tailored to find the likely causes of this problem. Specific and nonspecific treatment can be valuable.
Gastroenterology, Jun 1, 1980
American Journal of Health-system Pharmacy, Nov 1, 1996
The association between upper gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders and respiratory problems i... more The association between upper gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders and respiratory problems is reviewed. Upper GI motility disorders, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastroparesis, and achalasia, have been associated with respiratory problems, including aspiration, airway obstruction, asthma, bronchospasm, chronic cough, and laryngitis. These associations, which had been based solely on clinical observation, have recently been supported by physiologic studies and treatment trials. The association of reflux disease with asthma has the most support. Up to 80% of persons with asthma have evidence of pathologic gastroesophageal reflux, and in several studies antireflux therapy with prokinetic agents, antisecretory drugs, or fundoplication surgery has been found to reduce asthma symptoms and the need for medication in some patients. Reflux has also been associated with chronic cough and laryngitis, and antireflux therapy can reduce respiratory symptoms. Gastroesophageal reflux, gastroparesis, and achalasia are all associated with aspiration. In addition, in rare instances, the megaesophagus associated with achalasia can produce mechanical airway obstruction. Effective therapy for these GI motility disorders can eliminate complicating respiratory problems.
The New England Journal of Medicine, Jun 10, 1993
Point sources of Brainerd diarrhea are rarely identified, though cases of sporadic illness indist... more Point sources of Brainerd diarrhea are rarely identified, though cases of sporadic illness indistinguishable from Brainerd diarrhea have been reported in many states2,4. The recognition of point-source outbreaks of Brainerd diarrhea is complicated by the low rate of attack2 and a long and ...
The American Journal of Gastroenterology, Nov 1, 2018
The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Nov 1, 2019
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd eBooks, Aug 1, 2016
Current Gastroenterology Reports, Oct 1, 2003
For some time, diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile has been a serious problem in hospitals. ... more For some time, diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile has been a serious problem in hospitals. Recently, more virulent strains of this pathogen have started to show up in hospitals.
Gastroenterology, Feb 1, 1994
Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2021
The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2001
Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology, 2005
Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology, 2004
Drugs & Therapy Perspectives, 2006
Adapted and reproduced from Drugs 2006; 66 (6): 873-81[1-3] New pharmacological treatments for ch... more Adapted and reproduced from Drugs 2006; 66 (6): 873-81[1-3] New pharmacological treatments for chronic constipation are needed that are based on an understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. Lubiprostone (AmitizaTM)1 is an oral bicyclic fatty acid that selectively activates type 2 chloride channels in the apical membrane of the gastrointestinal epithelium.[4] An increase in the secretion of chloride-rich intestinal fluid increases intestinal motility and facilitates the passage of softened stool through the intestines and relieves the symptoms of constipation.[5] In two pivotal, randomised, double-blind, multicentre phase III studies in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation, the frequency of spontaneous bowel movements was significantly greater in patients receiving lubiprostone 24μg twice daily than in those receiving Features and properties of lubiprostone (AmitizaTM)[1]
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Jul 1, 2012
The American Journal of Gastroenterology, May 22, 2012
Gastroenterology, Jul 1, 1982
Current Gastroenterology Reports, Oct 1, 1999
Diarrhea, defined as loose stools, occurs when the intestine does not complete absorption of elec... more Diarrhea, defined as loose stools, occurs when the intestine does not complete absorption of electrolytes and water from luminal contents. This can happen when a nonabsorbable, osmotically active substance is ingested ("osmotic diarrhea") or when electrolyte absorption is impaired ("secretory diarrhea"). Most cases of acute and chronic diarrhea are due to the latter mechanism. Secretory diarrhea can result from bacterial toxins, reduced absorptive surface area caused by disease or resection, luminal secretagogues (such as bile acids or laxatives), circulating secretagogues (such as various hormones, drugs, and poisons), and medical problems that compromise regulation of intestinal function. Evaluation of patients with secretory diarrhea must be tailored to find the likely causes of this problem. Specific and nonspecific treatment can be valuable.
Gastroenterology, Jun 1, 1980
American Journal of Health-system Pharmacy, Nov 1, 1996
The association between upper gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders and respiratory problems i... more The association between upper gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders and respiratory problems is reviewed. Upper GI motility disorders, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastroparesis, and achalasia, have been associated with respiratory problems, including aspiration, airway obstruction, asthma, bronchospasm, chronic cough, and laryngitis. These associations, which had been based solely on clinical observation, have recently been supported by physiologic studies and treatment trials. The association of reflux disease with asthma has the most support. Up to 80% of persons with asthma have evidence of pathologic gastroesophageal reflux, and in several studies antireflux therapy with prokinetic agents, antisecretory drugs, or fundoplication surgery has been found to reduce asthma symptoms and the need for medication in some patients. Reflux has also been associated with chronic cough and laryngitis, and antireflux therapy can reduce respiratory symptoms. Gastroesophageal reflux, gastroparesis, and achalasia are all associated with aspiration. In addition, in rare instances, the megaesophagus associated with achalasia can produce mechanical airway obstruction. Effective therapy for these GI motility disorders can eliminate complicating respiratory problems.
The New England Journal of Medicine, Jun 10, 1993
Point sources of Brainerd diarrhea are rarely identified, though cases of sporadic illness indist... more Point sources of Brainerd diarrhea are rarely identified, though cases of sporadic illness indistinguishable from Brainerd diarrhea have been reported in many states2,4. The recognition of point-source outbreaks of Brainerd diarrhea is complicated by the low rate of attack2 and a long and ...
The American Journal of Gastroenterology, Nov 1, 2018
The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Nov 1, 2019
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd eBooks, Aug 1, 2016
Current Gastroenterology Reports, Oct 1, 2003
For some time, diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile has been a serious problem in hospitals. ... more For some time, diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile has been a serious problem in hospitals. Recently, more virulent strains of this pathogen have started to show up in hospitals.
Gastroenterology, Feb 1, 1994
Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2021
The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2001
Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology, 2005
Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology, 2004
Drugs & Therapy Perspectives, 2006
Adapted and reproduced from Drugs 2006; 66 (6): 873-81[1-3] New pharmacological treatments for ch... more Adapted and reproduced from Drugs 2006; 66 (6): 873-81[1-3] New pharmacological treatments for chronic constipation are needed that are based on an understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. Lubiprostone (AmitizaTM)1 is an oral bicyclic fatty acid that selectively activates type 2 chloride channels in the apical membrane of the gastrointestinal epithelium.[4] An increase in the secretion of chloride-rich intestinal fluid increases intestinal motility and facilitates the passage of softened stool through the intestines and relieves the symptoms of constipation.[5] In two pivotal, randomised, double-blind, multicentre phase III studies in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation, the frequency of spontaneous bowel movements was significantly greater in patients receiving lubiprostone 24μg twice daily than in those receiving Features and properties of lubiprostone (AmitizaTM)[1]
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Jul 1, 2012