Ghada Esheba | Tanta University (original) (raw)

Papers by Ghada Esheba

Research paper thumbnail of Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst in a 13-Year-Old Child: A Case Report

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, Dec 23, 2015

Hydatid disease is caused by genus Echinococcus, it's transmitted to human through sheep and ... more Hydatid disease is caused by genus Echinococcus, it's transmitted to human through sheep and cattle. People who lived in an endemic area should be suspected to have the disease. Pulmonary hydatid disease can be presented by respiratory manifestations as in our case. We report a case of a child, 13 years old, who was presented by shortness of breath and non-productive cough 2 months ago. The patient had an attack of hemoptysis 3 months ago but there is no history of fever, other constitutional symptoms or any medical illness. The patient had a close contact with horse. On examination, the patient was oriented and vitally stable. Both sides of the chest were moving equally with decreased air entry on the left side of the chest. Cervical lymph node enlargement was also detected. The case was provisionally diagnosed as tuberculosis. The x-ray was normal, while CT scan showed two cysts on the left side. The patient was treated surgically with resection of both cysts without lobectomy. Bronchoalveolar lavage was done and together with plural effusion and both cysts were sent for histopathology. The patient received the following medication: Albendazole 200 MG/BID/Orally for 30 days and Cefuroxime 250 MG/Q12H/ Orally for 10 days.

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of Next-Generation Sequencing in Saudi Arabia for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Mar 1, 2022

Breast cancer is a common malignancy that poses a hazard to women's health. In 2021, around 2.3 m... more Breast cancer is a common malignancy that poses a hazard to women's health. In 2021, around 2.3 million new cases are predicted to be discovered, with a mortality rate of 6.9% on average. Breast cancer accounts for 14.8% of malignancies among the Saudis with an 8.5% fatality rate. Breast cancers that are HER2 positive account for 15 to 20% of all breast cancers. We intended to investigate the genetic mutations and the clinicopathological aspects of HER2 positive breast cancer patients. We used TruSight Tumor 15 using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to look at genetic changes in 126 Saudi women with stage I to IV breast cancer. c-MET (p = 0.001), c-KIT (p = 0.001), and PIK3CA (p = 0.0001), were shown to be substantially linked with HER2 positive patients. We also detected mutations in other genes, including BRAF, EGFR, and KRAS. Tumor size, grade, stage, and nodal status were all associated with increased levels of HER2 expression. Our results recommend that patients with HER2 positive breast cancer in Saudi Arabia have a high mutational burden, which may be related to trastuzumab resistance. We expect that in the future, targeting these mutations will be a promising therapeutic method for the treatment of breast cancer.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative immunohistochemical expression of β-catenin, EGFR, ErbB2, and p63 in adamantinomatous and papillary craniopharyngiomas

Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute, Sep 1, 2015

Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare epithelial tumors located mainly in the sellar/ parasellar regi... more Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare epithelial tumors located mainly in the sellar/ parasellar region. CPs have been classified into histopathologically, genetically, clinically and prognostically two distinctive subtypes: adamantinomatous and papillary variants. Aim: To determine the immunohistochemical expression of b-catenin, EGFR, ErbB2, and p63 in adamantinomatous and papillary CPs. Materials and methods: b-Catenin, EGFR, ErbB2, and p63 immunostaining was performed on paraffin embedded tissue sections of 25 CPs including 18 adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) and 7 cases of papillary craniopharyngiomas (PCPs). Results: 17 cases (94%) of ACP exhibited strong nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of b-catenin. On the contrary, all cases of PCP showed exclusively membranous expression (P value < 0.0001). Regarding EGFR, 15 (83%) and 5 cases (71%) of APC and PCP respectively were positive. On the other hand, only 3 cases (17%) of APC and none of PCP exhibited positivity for ErbB2. p63 over-expression was observed in 16 cases of ACP (89%) and 6 cases of PCP (86%). However,

Research paper thumbnail of Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors and Their Histological Mimics

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, Dec 23, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Over-the-Counter Medication Use among Parents in Saudi Arabia

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Introduction: Self-medication is a growing public health concern worldwide. Studies have shown a ... more Introduction: Self-medication is a growing public health concern worldwide. Studies have shown a gap between best practice and the current practice of using over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Despite being a well-recognised problem in Saudi Arabia, few studies have investigated OTC medication use in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the attitudes and knowledge of parents regarding OTC medication use in the Jeddah region, Saudi Arabia. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out via an electronic questionnaire sent randomly to parents over four months, from 1 January to 30 April 2022. The participants’ characteristics and categorical variables were represented descriptively by frequency and percentage. A Chi-square test was used to test the relationship between the variables. Results: In total, 211 questionnaires were included in this study. Females represented 54.5% of the participants included in the study. Parents belonging to the 18-to-30-year-old grou...

Research paper thumbnail of The use of the nutritional supplements during the covid-19 outbreak in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

Complementary Therapies in Medicine

Research paper thumbnail of D2-40, combined with calretinin, WT-1, CEA, and TTF-1, an immunohistochemical panel for differentiating malignant pleural mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma

Egyptian Journal of Pathology, 2013

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Angiomyolipoma of the kidney: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study

Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Value of apparent diffusion coefficient and magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the identification of various pathological subtypes of parotid gland tumors

The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Utility of CK7, CK20 and CDX-2 as a Potential Panel in Differentiating Primary Ovarian Surface Epithelial Tumors from Metastatic Adenocarcinoma to the Ovary

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Clinicopathological and Prognostic Value of PD-1/PD-L1 Expression in Patients with Breast Cancer

Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and its ligand programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), is importa... more Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and its ligand programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), is important for tumor-immune escape. Expression PD-L1 was observed in various solid tumors, including breast cancer (BC). The aim of this study is to examine the expression of PD-1 in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and PD-L1 in tumor cells (TC) in BC cases, to analyze the association between PD-1 and PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features, as well as to correlate their expression with overall survival (OS). This is a retrospective study that was conducted on 110 cases of BC. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in TILs and TC respectively. There was no significant association between PD-1expression in TILs and clinicopathological variables. The presence of PD-1+ TIL was positively associated with PDL-1 expression in tumor cells; however, this association was not statistically significant (p = 0.062). On the other hand, PD-L1 expression in TC w...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of KRAS and NRAS Variants on the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer among the Western Saudi Population

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 2021

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer with high mortality rate globally and th... more Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer with high mortality rate globally and the second leading cancer in Saudi Arabia. RAS oncogenes play critical roles in the regulation of the cellular function and any mutation in these genes leads to develop CRC. Therefore, we identified the most common mutations in KRAS and NRAS genes by applying next generation sequencing (NGS) then, we assessed the correlation between these mutations and the clinicopathological features. KRAS-mutated carcinoma was significantly associated in patients who were older than 60 years old (83.3% vs 16.7%, P = 0.039) and it was associated with female patients as well, (83.3% vs 30%, P = 0.039). Also, KRAS-mutated carcinoma was significantly associated with mucinous differentiation (85.7% vs 14.3%; P = 0.012) and higher tumor grade (P = 0.014). In addition, the number of KRAS mutations per case was significantly associated with depth of the invasion (p = 0.049). The most common mutation was a missen...

Research paper thumbnail of Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors and Their Histological Mimics

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation of programmed death ligand 1 expression with overall survival, clinical, and pathological features in patients with malignant plural mesothelioma

Egyptian Journal of Pathology, 2019

Background and aim Recent studies have proposed high expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-... more Background and aim Recent studies have proposed high expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in pleural tumors. Thus, we conducted the present study to examine the expression of PD-L1 in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), to analyze the association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features, and to correlate PD-L1 expression with overall survival (OS). Materials and methods A retrospective study on 54 cases of pleural mesothelioma was conducted. Using an automated stainer (BenchMark Ventana), the sections were stained with the following antibodies according to the standard protocol and the manufacturer’s recommendations for each antibody: PD-L1 and Ki-67. Tumors were deemed positive for PD-L1 if membranous and/or cytoplasmic staining was present in more than 1% of tumor cells. Results The median age was 65 years (range, 45–87 years), and 81.5% of the patients were men. PD-L1 was expressed on the cell membrane and cytoplasm of tumor cells in 23 (42.6%) cases...

Research paper thumbnail of Immunohistochemical Expression of β-catenin and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering, 2015

Introduction: Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare epithelial tumors located mainly in the sellar/pa... more Introduction: Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare epithelial tumors located mainly in the sellar/parasellar region. CPs have been classified histopathologically, genetically, clinically and prognostically into two distinctive subtypes: adamantinomatous and papillary variants. Aim: To examine the pattern of expression of both the β-catenin and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in surgically resected samples of adamantinomatous CP, and to asses for the possibility of using anti-EGFR in the management of ACP patients. Materials and methods: β-catenin and EGFR immunostaining was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 18 ACP cases. Result: 17 out of 18 cases (94%) of ACP exhibited strong nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of β-catenin, 15 (83%) of APC cases were positive for EGFR. Conclusion: Nuclear accumulation of β-catenin is a diagnostic hallmark of ACP. EGFR positivity in most cases of ACP could qualify the use of anti-EGFR therapy. Keywords—Craniopharyngioma, adamantinom...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparing the renoprotective effects of the antioxidants melatonin, vitamin D and vitamin E in diabetic rats

Objectives Diabetes mellitus is associated with oxidative stress that leads to inflammation and d... more Objectives Diabetes mellitus is associated with oxidative stress that leads to inflammation and diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to determine the possible renoprotective effects of the antioxidants melatonin, vitamin D and vitamin E in diabetic rats. Methods We divided 108 albino rats into 12 groups. G1 group was fed a normal diet and did not receive any medication. G2 to G4 consisted of non-diabetic rats that were treated as follows: G2 with melatonin; G3 with vitamin E; G4 with vitamin D. Groups G5 to G12 consisted of diabetic rats that were treated as follows: G5 received no medication; G6 treated with insulin; G7 treated with melatonin; G8 treated with melatonin and insulin; G9 treated with vitamin E; G10 treated with vitamin E and insulin; G11 treated with vitamin D and G12 treated with vitamin D and insulin. Two months after treatment commenced, histological and biochemical examinations of glucose profile, oxidative stress status, renal function, homocysteine and TNF-α w...

Research paper thumbnail of Expression and Clinical Significance of PIK3CA, c-MET and c-KIT Mutations in Saudi Breast Cancer Patients

Advances in Breast Cancer Research, 2021

Objective: PIK3CA is the most common pathway affected by mutations in breast cancer. PIK3CA/PTEN ... more Objective: PIK3CA is the most common pathway affected by mutations in breast cancer. PIK3CA/PTEN pathway is under intense investigation as a possible target for molecular therapy. Dysregulation PIK3CA/PTEN pathway is a substantial mechanism for the development of resistance to anti-HER2 therapy. Therefore, we aimed to study the PIK3CA/PTEN in breast cancer patients in Saudi population. Methods: We applied PTEN immunohistochemistry on 98 patients. Then, we applied next-generation sequencing to determine the genetic variations associated with the development of breast cancer and their correlations with clinicopathological variables. Results: PTEN expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (LNM), tumor stage, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The prevalence of the PIK3CA mutation was 33.3% of cases and it was significantly associated with LNM, tumor stage, and with PTEN expression. c-MET mutation was identified in 41.7% of c...

Research paper thumbnail of A case of papillary hyperplasia of thyroid misdiagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma: Case report and review of literature

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of Next-Generation Sequencing in Saudi Arabia for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Research paper thumbnail of Prognostic Value of Programed Cell Death-1 Ligand Expression in Colorectal Cancer and Its Correlation with Cytotoxic Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

Background: colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In recent... more Background: colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In recent years, targeting the programed cell death (PD-1)/ programed cell death-1 ligand (PD-L1) immune checkpoint signaling has been tested as a novel promising treatment strategy in several tumors. Aim of the work: the present study aimed to examine expression of PD-L1 and CD 8+ T cells in CRC and to evaluate the relationship between their expressions and the different clinicopathological features. Material and methods: expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells (TC) as well as in tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIMC) was separately evaluated in 85 cases of CRC by the immunohistochemistry, in addition, CD8+ T cell count was assessed. Results: 12.9 % of cases showed PD-L1 expression in TC while, 28.2% showed PD-L1expression in TIMC. PD-L1 expression in TC was significantly associated with higher tumor grade (P =0.001), lymph node metastasis (LNM) (P =0.006) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (P > 0.001). On the other hand, PDL-1 expression in TIMC was significantly associated with low tumor grade (P=0.016), negative LVI (P = 0.004), high tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) count (P <0.0001), as well as high CD8+ T cells count (P = 0.002). High intra CD8-positive T cells was significantly associated with absence of LNM (P =0.013) and negative LVI (P =0.035). Conclusion: these findings indicated that expression of PD-L1 can be used as a new biomarker to predict the prognosis of colon cancer and may provide a clue for immunotherapy in the adjuvant treatment of CRC patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst in a 13-Year-Old Child: A Case Report

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, Dec 23, 2015

Hydatid disease is caused by genus Echinococcus, it's transmitted to human through sheep and ... more Hydatid disease is caused by genus Echinococcus, it's transmitted to human through sheep and cattle. People who lived in an endemic area should be suspected to have the disease. Pulmonary hydatid disease can be presented by respiratory manifestations as in our case. We report a case of a child, 13 years old, who was presented by shortness of breath and non-productive cough 2 months ago. The patient had an attack of hemoptysis 3 months ago but there is no history of fever, other constitutional symptoms or any medical illness. The patient had a close contact with horse. On examination, the patient was oriented and vitally stable. Both sides of the chest were moving equally with decreased air entry on the left side of the chest. Cervical lymph node enlargement was also detected. The case was provisionally diagnosed as tuberculosis. The x-ray was normal, while CT scan showed two cysts on the left side. The patient was treated surgically with resection of both cysts without lobectomy. Bronchoalveolar lavage was done and together with plural effusion and both cysts were sent for histopathology. The patient received the following medication: Albendazole 200 MG/BID/Orally for 30 days and Cefuroxime 250 MG/Q12H/ Orally for 10 days.

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of Next-Generation Sequencing in Saudi Arabia for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Mar 1, 2022

Breast cancer is a common malignancy that poses a hazard to women's health. In 2021, around 2.3 m... more Breast cancer is a common malignancy that poses a hazard to women's health. In 2021, around 2.3 million new cases are predicted to be discovered, with a mortality rate of 6.9% on average. Breast cancer accounts for 14.8% of malignancies among the Saudis with an 8.5% fatality rate. Breast cancers that are HER2 positive account for 15 to 20% of all breast cancers. We intended to investigate the genetic mutations and the clinicopathological aspects of HER2 positive breast cancer patients. We used TruSight Tumor 15 using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to look at genetic changes in 126 Saudi women with stage I to IV breast cancer. c-MET (p = 0.001), c-KIT (p = 0.001), and PIK3CA (p = 0.0001), were shown to be substantially linked with HER2 positive patients. We also detected mutations in other genes, including BRAF, EGFR, and KRAS. Tumor size, grade, stage, and nodal status were all associated with increased levels of HER2 expression. Our results recommend that patients with HER2 positive breast cancer in Saudi Arabia have a high mutational burden, which may be related to trastuzumab resistance. We expect that in the future, targeting these mutations will be a promising therapeutic method for the treatment of breast cancer.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative immunohistochemical expression of β-catenin, EGFR, ErbB2, and p63 in adamantinomatous and papillary craniopharyngiomas

Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute, Sep 1, 2015

Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare epithelial tumors located mainly in the sellar/ parasellar regi... more Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare epithelial tumors located mainly in the sellar/ parasellar region. CPs have been classified into histopathologically, genetically, clinically and prognostically two distinctive subtypes: adamantinomatous and papillary variants. Aim: To determine the immunohistochemical expression of b-catenin, EGFR, ErbB2, and p63 in adamantinomatous and papillary CPs. Materials and methods: b-Catenin, EGFR, ErbB2, and p63 immunostaining was performed on paraffin embedded tissue sections of 25 CPs including 18 adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) and 7 cases of papillary craniopharyngiomas (PCPs). Results: 17 cases (94%) of ACP exhibited strong nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of b-catenin. On the contrary, all cases of PCP showed exclusively membranous expression (P value < 0.0001). Regarding EGFR, 15 (83%) and 5 cases (71%) of APC and PCP respectively were positive. On the other hand, only 3 cases (17%) of APC and none of PCP exhibited positivity for ErbB2. p63 over-expression was observed in 16 cases of ACP (89%) and 6 cases of PCP (86%). However,

Research paper thumbnail of Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors and Their Histological Mimics

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, Dec 23, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Over-the-Counter Medication Use among Parents in Saudi Arabia

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Introduction: Self-medication is a growing public health concern worldwide. Studies have shown a ... more Introduction: Self-medication is a growing public health concern worldwide. Studies have shown a gap between best practice and the current practice of using over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Despite being a well-recognised problem in Saudi Arabia, few studies have investigated OTC medication use in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the attitudes and knowledge of parents regarding OTC medication use in the Jeddah region, Saudi Arabia. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out via an electronic questionnaire sent randomly to parents over four months, from 1 January to 30 April 2022. The participants’ characteristics and categorical variables were represented descriptively by frequency and percentage. A Chi-square test was used to test the relationship between the variables. Results: In total, 211 questionnaires were included in this study. Females represented 54.5% of the participants included in the study. Parents belonging to the 18-to-30-year-old grou...

Research paper thumbnail of The use of the nutritional supplements during the covid-19 outbreak in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

Complementary Therapies in Medicine

Research paper thumbnail of D2-40, combined with calretinin, WT-1, CEA, and TTF-1, an immunohistochemical panel for differentiating malignant pleural mesothelioma from lung adenocarcinoma

Egyptian Journal of Pathology, 2013

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Angiomyolipoma of the kidney: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study

Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Value of apparent diffusion coefficient and magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the identification of various pathological subtypes of parotid gland tumors

The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Utility of CK7, CK20 and CDX-2 as a Potential Panel in Differentiating Primary Ovarian Surface Epithelial Tumors from Metastatic Adenocarcinoma to the Ovary

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Clinicopathological and Prognostic Value of PD-1/PD-L1 Expression in Patients with Breast Cancer

Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and its ligand programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), is importa... more Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and its ligand programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), is important for tumor-immune escape. Expression PD-L1 was observed in various solid tumors, including breast cancer (BC). The aim of this study is to examine the expression of PD-1 in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and PD-L1 in tumor cells (TC) in BC cases, to analyze the association between PD-1 and PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features, as well as to correlate their expression with overall survival (OS). This is a retrospective study that was conducted on 110 cases of BC. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in TILs and TC respectively. There was no significant association between PD-1expression in TILs and clinicopathological variables. The presence of PD-1+ TIL was positively associated with PDL-1 expression in tumor cells; however, this association was not statistically significant (p = 0.062). On the other hand, PD-L1 expression in TC w...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of KRAS and NRAS Variants on the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer among the Western Saudi Population

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 2021

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer with high mortality rate globally and th... more Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer with high mortality rate globally and the second leading cancer in Saudi Arabia. RAS oncogenes play critical roles in the regulation of the cellular function and any mutation in these genes leads to develop CRC. Therefore, we identified the most common mutations in KRAS and NRAS genes by applying next generation sequencing (NGS) then, we assessed the correlation between these mutations and the clinicopathological features. KRAS-mutated carcinoma was significantly associated in patients who were older than 60 years old (83.3% vs 16.7%, P = 0.039) and it was associated with female patients as well, (83.3% vs 30%, P = 0.039). Also, KRAS-mutated carcinoma was significantly associated with mucinous differentiation (85.7% vs 14.3%; P = 0.012) and higher tumor grade (P = 0.014). In addition, the number of KRAS mutations per case was significantly associated with depth of the invasion (p = 0.049). The most common mutation was a missen...

Research paper thumbnail of Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors and Their Histological Mimics

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation of programmed death ligand 1 expression with overall survival, clinical, and pathological features in patients with malignant plural mesothelioma

Egyptian Journal of Pathology, 2019

Background and aim Recent studies have proposed high expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-... more Background and aim Recent studies have proposed high expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in pleural tumors. Thus, we conducted the present study to examine the expression of PD-L1 in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), to analyze the association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features, and to correlate PD-L1 expression with overall survival (OS). Materials and methods A retrospective study on 54 cases of pleural mesothelioma was conducted. Using an automated stainer (BenchMark Ventana), the sections were stained with the following antibodies according to the standard protocol and the manufacturer’s recommendations for each antibody: PD-L1 and Ki-67. Tumors were deemed positive for PD-L1 if membranous and/or cytoplasmic staining was present in more than 1% of tumor cells. Results The median age was 65 years (range, 45–87 years), and 81.5% of the patients were men. PD-L1 was expressed on the cell membrane and cytoplasm of tumor cells in 23 (42.6%) cases...

Research paper thumbnail of Immunohistochemical Expression of β-catenin and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering, 2015

Introduction: Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare epithelial tumors located mainly in the sellar/pa... more Introduction: Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare epithelial tumors located mainly in the sellar/parasellar region. CPs have been classified histopathologically, genetically, clinically and prognostically into two distinctive subtypes: adamantinomatous and papillary variants. Aim: To examine the pattern of expression of both the β-catenin and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in surgically resected samples of adamantinomatous CP, and to asses for the possibility of using anti-EGFR in the management of ACP patients. Materials and methods: β-catenin and EGFR immunostaining was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 18 ACP cases. Result: 17 out of 18 cases (94%) of ACP exhibited strong nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of β-catenin, 15 (83%) of APC cases were positive for EGFR. Conclusion: Nuclear accumulation of β-catenin is a diagnostic hallmark of ACP. EGFR positivity in most cases of ACP could qualify the use of anti-EGFR therapy. Keywords—Craniopharyngioma, adamantinom...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparing the renoprotective effects of the antioxidants melatonin, vitamin D and vitamin E in diabetic rats

Objectives Diabetes mellitus is associated with oxidative stress that leads to inflammation and d... more Objectives Diabetes mellitus is associated with oxidative stress that leads to inflammation and diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to determine the possible renoprotective effects of the antioxidants melatonin, vitamin D and vitamin E in diabetic rats. Methods We divided 108 albino rats into 12 groups. G1 group was fed a normal diet and did not receive any medication. G2 to G4 consisted of non-diabetic rats that were treated as follows: G2 with melatonin; G3 with vitamin E; G4 with vitamin D. Groups G5 to G12 consisted of diabetic rats that were treated as follows: G5 received no medication; G6 treated with insulin; G7 treated with melatonin; G8 treated with melatonin and insulin; G9 treated with vitamin E; G10 treated with vitamin E and insulin; G11 treated with vitamin D and G12 treated with vitamin D and insulin. Two months after treatment commenced, histological and biochemical examinations of glucose profile, oxidative stress status, renal function, homocysteine and TNF-α w...

Research paper thumbnail of Expression and Clinical Significance of PIK3CA, c-MET and c-KIT Mutations in Saudi Breast Cancer Patients

Advances in Breast Cancer Research, 2021

Objective: PIK3CA is the most common pathway affected by mutations in breast cancer. PIK3CA/PTEN ... more Objective: PIK3CA is the most common pathway affected by mutations in breast cancer. PIK3CA/PTEN pathway is under intense investigation as a possible target for molecular therapy. Dysregulation PIK3CA/PTEN pathway is a substantial mechanism for the development of resistance to anti-HER2 therapy. Therefore, we aimed to study the PIK3CA/PTEN in breast cancer patients in Saudi population. Methods: We applied PTEN immunohistochemistry on 98 patients. Then, we applied next-generation sequencing to determine the genetic variations associated with the development of breast cancer and their correlations with clinicopathological variables. Results: PTEN expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (LNM), tumor stage, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The prevalence of the PIK3CA mutation was 33.3% of cases and it was significantly associated with LNM, tumor stage, and with PTEN expression. c-MET mutation was identified in 41.7% of c...

Research paper thumbnail of A case of papillary hyperplasia of thyroid misdiagnosed as papillary thyroid carcinoma: Case report and review of literature

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of Next-Generation Sequencing in Saudi Arabia for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Research paper thumbnail of Prognostic Value of Programed Cell Death-1 Ligand Expression in Colorectal Cancer and Its Correlation with Cytotoxic Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

Background: colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In recent... more Background: colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In recent years, targeting the programed cell death (PD-1)/ programed cell death-1 ligand (PD-L1) immune checkpoint signaling has been tested as a novel promising treatment strategy in several tumors. Aim of the work: the present study aimed to examine expression of PD-L1 and CD 8+ T cells in CRC and to evaluate the relationship between their expressions and the different clinicopathological features. Material and methods: expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells (TC) as well as in tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIMC) was separately evaluated in 85 cases of CRC by the immunohistochemistry, in addition, CD8+ T cell count was assessed. Results: 12.9 % of cases showed PD-L1 expression in TC while, 28.2% showed PD-L1expression in TIMC. PD-L1 expression in TC was significantly associated with higher tumor grade (P =0.001), lymph node metastasis (LNM) (P =0.006) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (P > 0.001). On the other hand, PDL-1 expression in TIMC was significantly associated with low tumor grade (P=0.016), negative LVI (P = 0.004), high tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) count (P <0.0001), as well as high CD8+ T cells count (P = 0.002). High intra CD8-positive T cells was significantly associated with absence of LNM (P =0.013) and negative LVI (P =0.035). Conclusion: these findings indicated that expression of PD-L1 can be used as a new biomarker to predict the prognosis of colon cancer and may provide a clue for immunotherapy in the adjuvant treatment of CRC patients.