Padraig Carmody | Trinity College Dublin (original) (raw)
Papers by Padraig Carmody
EconPol Forum, 2024
The world is in a period of profound political and economic disruption ■ The outcome of the US pr... more The world is in a period of profound political and economic disruption ■ The outcome of the US presidential election has the potential to accelerate this or contribute to the construction of a reformed and more legitimate international order ■ How competition between the US and China is managed will be key to global stability and prosperity ■ Africa, Europe, and other world regions need to prepare for shocks wrought by a potential Trump victory ■ The stakes are very high for both the US and the world KEY MESSAGES THE GLOBAL CONTEXT
Information technology for development, Jun 26, 2024
The global digital divide is sometime presented as the primary obstacle to developmental converge... more The global digital divide is sometime presented as the primary obstacle to developmental convergence between world regions. On the other hand mobile phone and internet technology are at times seen as transformative innovations that are dissolving this development divide. Through secondary data (such as on usage from Internet World Stats) and case exemplars, of mobile money and the gig economy, this paper argues that this is not the case; primarily because new information and communication technologies are used mostly for communication and consumption, rather than production, and if they are value capture is often low. Consequently the ‘digital divide’, and its partial dissolution, are perhaps better characterized as phases of an ‘ICT product consumption diffusion cycle’, facilitated by technological embedding and convergence. The paper provides background and substantiates this argument and then explores the potential for a deep digital transformation (DDT) in the Global South.
Journal of contemporary East Asia studies, Jan 31, 2024
This paper examines China-Zambia bilateral relations from a historical perspective. In particular... more This paper examines China-Zambia bilateral relations from a historical perspective. In particular, it looks at how these relations have been changing in emphasis from the pre-independence era to the present and the factors associated with these changes. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data. Secondary data were mainly collected from government reports, while qualitative data were collected from some key informants using in-depth interviews. The discussion and analysis is informed by the pentagonal analytical framework. The findings demonstrate that bilateral relations been the two countries have been changing but only in emphasis; from the pre-independence period, which was characterized by support for the liberation of Zambia, through the provision of development aid immediately afterward, and now to the current focus on trade and investment, which is more economic in orientation. It has also been frequently argued that the contracting process for loans should be more transparent so that it is inclusive and not just left to the executive arm of government without involving the national assembly. In order for Zambia to benefit from this engagement the country needs good leadership, but this has been lacking until recently.
... The flooding deposited layers of highly fertile silt on the flat lands nearby, but it was a r... more ... The flooding deposited layers of highly fertile silt on the flat lands nearby, but it was a risky business: one flood in five was either too high or too low. The stelae commemorated members of the ruling class who engaged in philanthropy during one of the many ensuing crises. ...
Despite its problems, neoliberalism has undergone multiscalar institutional embedding in Africa. ... more Despite its problems, neoliberalism has undergone multiscalar institutional embedding in Africa. PRSPs are also linked to other policy frameworks. According to Ronald Kempe Hope (2001, cited in Simon, 2003, p. 71), ‘the PRSP process is … recognized in the NEPAD framework document as the principal vehicle for building continent-wide priorities into national poverty reduction programmers and co-coordinating international support.’ NEPAD was launched in 2001 and later adopted by the African Union as an official program. Western leaders were consulted on NEPAD by Thabo Mbeki prior to the African National Congress, but African civil societies were not consulted (Anon., 2004a). NEPAD has consequently been dismissed by some analysts as a ‘western wolf in African sheepskin,’ suggesting continued subservience to western power and values (Adebayo, 2003c, cited in Abrahamsen, 2004b). In particular its emphasis on regional integration and infrastructural development will facilitate continued extraction of Africa’s resources (Toulmin and Wisner, 2006).
Afrika Tanulmányok / Hungarian Journal of African Studies, Oct 29, 2023
Information Technology for Development, 2024
The global digital divide is sometime presented as the primary obstacle to developmental converge... more The global digital divide is sometime presented as the primary obstacle to
developmental convergence between world regions. On the other hand
mobile phone and internet technology are at times seen as transformative
innovations that are dissolving this development divide. Through
secondary data (such as on usage from Internet World Stats) and case
exemplars, of mobile money and the gig economy, this paper argues that
this is not the case; primarily because new information and communication
technologies are used mostly for communication and consumption, rather
than production, and if they are value capture is often low. Consequently
the ‘digital divide’, and its partial dissolution, are perhaps better
characterized as phases of an ‘ICT product consumption diffusion cycle’,
facilitated by technological embedding and convergence. The paper
provides background and substantiates this argument and then explores
the potential for a deep digital transformation (DDT) in the Global South.
1. Geographies of the Celtic Tiger Peadar Kirby and Pa'draig Carmody 2. The spatiality of Iri... more 1. Geographies of the Celtic Tiger Peadar Kirby and Pa'draig Carmody 2. The spatiality of Irish manufacturing linkages in the 'Celtic Tiger' era Nicola Brennan and Proinnsias Breathnach 3. The Irish pharmaceutical industry over the boom period and beyond Chris van Egeraat and Frank Barry 4. The contribution of the overseas ICT sector to expanding R&D investment in Ireland Seamus Grimes and Patrick Collins 5. The role of 'hard' and 'soft' factors for accommodating creative knowledge: insights from Dublin's 'creative class' Enda Murphy and Declan Redmond 6. New residential neighbourhoods within the inner city: an examination of neighbouring Peter Howley 7. 'Germs' in the heart of the other: emigrant scripts, the Celtic Tiger and lived realities of return Deirdre Conlon 8. Embeddedness and Innovation in Low and Medium Technology Rural Enterprises Kevin Heanue and David Jacobsen 9. Limits to FDI-driven growth in Ireland: A newspaper content analysis for investment, divestment and upgrading Rory Horner and Yuko Aoyama 10. Conclusion Peadar Kirby and Pa'draig Carmody
Routledge eBooks, Apr 9, 2019
The origins of development 21 Modernisation theory 23 Further reading 27 Rferenees 27 2 Early cri... more The origins of development 21 Modernisation theory 23 Further reading 27 Rferenees 27 2 Early critiques: dependency, world Systems and alternative theories of development 29 Struduralist economics 29 Dependency and world systems theory 35 Neo-Marxist theory and imperialism 35 The neo-imperial imperative 38 Socialist development? 40 Case study :African socialism in Tanzania 42 Case study: "socialism" and reform in Vietnam 44 Further reading 46 References 47 Contents The neoliberal revolution in development: participation, power and poverty 49 The genesis of neoliberalism 49 The theory and roll-out of neoliberalism 51 The roll-out of neoliberalism in the Global South 54 The international financial institutions 56 State power and neoliberalism 58 Further reading 63 References 63 4 Impacts of neoliberalism and the revival of modernisation? 67 Imports of neoliberalism 69 Post-neoliberalism and the return of modernisation? 69 Celebratisation of development: normalising neoliberalism or pragmatic power? 75 The SDGs-socialising neoliberalism or global partnership for development? 77 Neoliberalism, gender and development 80 Further reading 82 References 82 5 The role of the State: "developmental states", geopohtics, industrialisation and security 87 States 87 States and development 88 Rethinking the State's role in development: "overdeveloped" and "neoliberal" views 89 State failure, violence and underdevelopment 90 Developmental and catalytic states 91 Globalisation: the rise or retreat of the State in development? 93 Geopolitics and developmental states 95 What makes a State developmental? 98 Developmental states in Africa? 99 The development policy challenge of industrialisation 101 Industrial Systems as assemblage and the role of the State 103 Further reading 107 References 107 6 Deconstructing development: post-modernism and decoloniality 113 (Post)modernity 113 Post-development 115 Post-post-development? 120 viii Contents Living post-development? Zapatismo and buen vivir 121 Post-colonialism and decoloniality 125 Further reading 128 References 128 7 Aid, development and South-South Cooperation? 131
Policy and Practice; a Development Education Review, 2009
... The flooding deposited layers of highly fertile silt on the flat lands nearby, but it was a r... more ... The flooding deposited layers of highly fertile silt on the flat lands nearby, but it was a risky business: one flood in five was either too high or too low. The stelae commemorated members of the ruling class who engaged in philanthropy during one of the many ensuing crises. ...
Globalization, or increased interconnectedness between world regions, is a dialectical and recurs... more Globalization, or increased interconnectedness between world regions, is a dialectical and recursive phenomenon that consequently tends to deepen through time as one set of flows sets off other related or counterflows. This is evident in the history of the phenomenon in Africa, where transcontinental trade, and later investment, were initially small but have grown through different rounds including slavery, colonialism, neocolonialism, and the early 21st-century era of globalization. However, globalization on the continent, as in other places, is not unilinear and has generated a variety of “regional responses” in terms of the construction of organizations such as the African Union and other more popularly based associations. The phenomenon of globalization on the continent is deepening through the information technology “revolution,” which also creates new possibilities for regional forms of association.
Globalization is the extension of social relations across the world. It is a dialectical process ... more Globalization is the extension of social relations across the world. It is a dialectical process leading to the complex de- and reterritorialization of power along different dimensions. For some, what is new about globalization is the degree of the penetration of global phenomenon into national economic policies (Mittleman, 1995). However, since September 11, 2001 another dimension of globalization has been strengthened: the degree of penetration of global phenomenon into security policies.
There is a distinction between immanent (world) development and imminent (managed) development. ‘... more There is a distinction between immanent (world) development and imminent (managed) development. ‘Imminent development, led by a belief in the “makeability” of society, emerged over the past two centuries largely as a means of managing those “surplus populations” that have either been excluded from or “adversely incorporated” into processes of immanent development’ (Cowen and Shenton, 1996, cited in Hickey and Mohan, 2004b, p. 10). In this context there is a fundamental question about whether the role of civil society in development is palliative or transformative. Initially the donor emphasis on direct funding for NGOs for service provision was palliative, particularly during the 1980s, and very few NGOs have well-developed theories of why poverty arises (Fowler, 2004d). Increased funding from donors partly arose because donors view NGOs as more accountable, and have to negotiate less detailed programs with them than they do with national governments (Stiles, 2002). However, as noted above, there were also political impacts to this funding. The emphasis of donor funding, particularly with the collapse of the Soviet bloc, subsequently moved on to governance and transformation.
EconPol Forum, 2024
The world is in a period of profound political and economic disruption ■ The outcome of the US pr... more The world is in a period of profound political and economic disruption ■ The outcome of the US presidential election has the potential to accelerate this or contribute to the construction of a reformed and more legitimate international order ■ How competition between the US and China is managed will be key to global stability and prosperity ■ Africa, Europe, and other world regions need to prepare for shocks wrought by a potential Trump victory ■ The stakes are very high for both the US and the world KEY MESSAGES THE GLOBAL CONTEXT
Information technology for development, Jun 26, 2024
The global digital divide is sometime presented as the primary obstacle to developmental converge... more The global digital divide is sometime presented as the primary obstacle to developmental convergence between world regions. On the other hand mobile phone and internet technology are at times seen as transformative innovations that are dissolving this development divide. Through secondary data (such as on usage from Internet World Stats) and case exemplars, of mobile money and the gig economy, this paper argues that this is not the case; primarily because new information and communication technologies are used mostly for communication and consumption, rather than production, and if they are value capture is often low. Consequently the ‘digital divide’, and its partial dissolution, are perhaps better characterized as phases of an ‘ICT product consumption diffusion cycle’, facilitated by technological embedding and convergence. The paper provides background and substantiates this argument and then explores the potential for a deep digital transformation (DDT) in the Global South.
Journal of contemporary East Asia studies, Jan 31, 2024
This paper examines China-Zambia bilateral relations from a historical perspective. In particular... more This paper examines China-Zambia bilateral relations from a historical perspective. In particular, it looks at how these relations have been changing in emphasis from the pre-independence era to the present and the factors associated with these changes. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data. Secondary data were mainly collected from government reports, while qualitative data were collected from some key informants using in-depth interviews. The discussion and analysis is informed by the pentagonal analytical framework. The findings demonstrate that bilateral relations been the two countries have been changing but only in emphasis; from the pre-independence period, which was characterized by support for the liberation of Zambia, through the provision of development aid immediately afterward, and now to the current focus on trade and investment, which is more economic in orientation. It has also been frequently argued that the contracting process for loans should be more transparent so that it is inclusive and not just left to the executive arm of government without involving the national assembly. In order for Zambia to benefit from this engagement the country needs good leadership, but this has been lacking until recently.
... The flooding deposited layers of highly fertile silt on the flat lands nearby, but it was a r... more ... The flooding deposited layers of highly fertile silt on the flat lands nearby, but it was a risky business: one flood in five was either too high or too low. The stelae commemorated members of the ruling class who engaged in philanthropy during one of the many ensuing crises. ...
Despite its problems, neoliberalism has undergone multiscalar institutional embedding in Africa. ... more Despite its problems, neoliberalism has undergone multiscalar institutional embedding in Africa. PRSPs are also linked to other policy frameworks. According to Ronald Kempe Hope (2001, cited in Simon, 2003, p. 71), ‘the PRSP process is … recognized in the NEPAD framework document as the principal vehicle for building continent-wide priorities into national poverty reduction programmers and co-coordinating international support.’ NEPAD was launched in 2001 and later adopted by the African Union as an official program. Western leaders were consulted on NEPAD by Thabo Mbeki prior to the African National Congress, but African civil societies were not consulted (Anon., 2004a). NEPAD has consequently been dismissed by some analysts as a ‘western wolf in African sheepskin,’ suggesting continued subservience to western power and values (Adebayo, 2003c, cited in Abrahamsen, 2004b). In particular its emphasis on regional integration and infrastructural development will facilitate continued extraction of Africa’s resources (Toulmin and Wisner, 2006).
Afrika Tanulmányok / Hungarian Journal of African Studies, Oct 29, 2023
Information Technology for Development, 2024
The global digital divide is sometime presented as the primary obstacle to developmental converge... more The global digital divide is sometime presented as the primary obstacle to
developmental convergence between world regions. On the other hand
mobile phone and internet technology are at times seen as transformative
innovations that are dissolving this development divide. Through
secondary data (such as on usage from Internet World Stats) and case
exemplars, of mobile money and the gig economy, this paper argues that
this is not the case; primarily because new information and communication
technologies are used mostly for communication and consumption, rather
than production, and if they are value capture is often low. Consequently
the ‘digital divide’, and its partial dissolution, are perhaps better
characterized as phases of an ‘ICT product consumption diffusion cycle’,
facilitated by technological embedding and convergence. The paper
provides background and substantiates this argument and then explores
the potential for a deep digital transformation (DDT) in the Global South.
1. Geographies of the Celtic Tiger Peadar Kirby and Pa'draig Carmody 2. The spatiality of Iri... more 1. Geographies of the Celtic Tiger Peadar Kirby and Pa'draig Carmody 2. The spatiality of Irish manufacturing linkages in the 'Celtic Tiger' era Nicola Brennan and Proinnsias Breathnach 3. The Irish pharmaceutical industry over the boom period and beyond Chris van Egeraat and Frank Barry 4. The contribution of the overseas ICT sector to expanding R&D investment in Ireland Seamus Grimes and Patrick Collins 5. The role of 'hard' and 'soft' factors for accommodating creative knowledge: insights from Dublin's 'creative class' Enda Murphy and Declan Redmond 6. New residential neighbourhoods within the inner city: an examination of neighbouring Peter Howley 7. 'Germs' in the heart of the other: emigrant scripts, the Celtic Tiger and lived realities of return Deirdre Conlon 8. Embeddedness and Innovation in Low and Medium Technology Rural Enterprises Kevin Heanue and David Jacobsen 9. Limits to FDI-driven growth in Ireland: A newspaper content analysis for investment, divestment and upgrading Rory Horner and Yuko Aoyama 10. Conclusion Peadar Kirby and Pa'draig Carmody
Routledge eBooks, Apr 9, 2019
The origins of development 21 Modernisation theory 23 Further reading 27 Rferenees 27 2 Early cri... more The origins of development 21 Modernisation theory 23 Further reading 27 Rferenees 27 2 Early critiques: dependency, world Systems and alternative theories of development 29 Struduralist economics 29 Dependency and world systems theory 35 Neo-Marxist theory and imperialism 35 The neo-imperial imperative 38 Socialist development? 40 Case study :African socialism in Tanzania 42 Case study: "socialism" and reform in Vietnam 44 Further reading 46 References 47 Contents The neoliberal revolution in development: participation, power and poverty 49 The genesis of neoliberalism 49 The theory and roll-out of neoliberalism 51 The roll-out of neoliberalism in the Global South 54 The international financial institutions 56 State power and neoliberalism 58 Further reading 63 References 63 4 Impacts of neoliberalism and the revival of modernisation? 67 Imports of neoliberalism 69 Post-neoliberalism and the return of modernisation? 69 Celebratisation of development: normalising neoliberalism or pragmatic power? 75 The SDGs-socialising neoliberalism or global partnership for development? 77 Neoliberalism, gender and development 80 Further reading 82 References 82 5 The role of the State: "developmental states", geopohtics, industrialisation and security 87 States 87 States and development 88 Rethinking the State's role in development: "overdeveloped" and "neoliberal" views 89 State failure, violence and underdevelopment 90 Developmental and catalytic states 91 Globalisation: the rise or retreat of the State in development? 93 Geopolitics and developmental states 95 What makes a State developmental? 98 Developmental states in Africa? 99 The development policy challenge of industrialisation 101 Industrial Systems as assemblage and the role of the State 103 Further reading 107 References 107 6 Deconstructing development: post-modernism and decoloniality 113 (Post)modernity 113 Post-development 115 Post-post-development? 120 viii Contents Living post-development? Zapatismo and buen vivir 121 Post-colonialism and decoloniality 125 Further reading 128 References 128 7 Aid, development and South-South Cooperation? 131
Policy and Practice; a Development Education Review, 2009
... The flooding deposited layers of highly fertile silt on the flat lands nearby, but it was a r... more ... The flooding deposited layers of highly fertile silt on the flat lands nearby, but it was a risky business: one flood in five was either too high or too low. The stelae commemorated members of the ruling class who engaged in philanthropy during one of the many ensuing crises. ...
Globalization, or increased interconnectedness between world regions, is a dialectical and recurs... more Globalization, or increased interconnectedness between world regions, is a dialectical and recursive phenomenon that consequently tends to deepen through time as one set of flows sets off other related or counterflows. This is evident in the history of the phenomenon in Africa, where transcontinental trade, and later investment, were initially small but have grown through different rounds including slavery, colonialism, neocolonialism, and the early 21st-century era of globalization. However, globalization on the continent, as in other places, is not unilinear and has generated a variety of “regional responses” in terms of the construction of organizations such as the African Union and other more popularly based associations. The phenomenon of globalization on the continent is deepening through the information technology “revolution,” which also creates new possibilities for regional forms of association.
Globalization is the extension of social relations across the world. It is a dialectical process ... more Globalization is the extension of social relations across the world. It is a dialectical process leading to the complex de- and reterritorialization of power along different dimensions. For some, what is new about globalization is the degree of the penetration of global phenomenon into national economic policies (Mittleman, 1995). However, since September 11, 2001 another dimension of globalization has been strengthened: the degree of penetration of global phenomenon into security policies.
There is a distinction between immanent (world) development and imminent (managed) development. ‘... more There is a distinction between immanent (world) development and imminent (managed) development. ‘Imminent development, led by a belief in the “makeability” of society, emerged over the past two centuries largely as a means of managing those “surplus populations” that have either been excluded from or “adversely incorporated” into processes of immanent development’ (Cowen and Shenton, 1996, cited in Hickey and Mohan, 2004b, p. 10). In this context there is a fundamental question about whether the role of civil society in development is palliative or transformative. Initially the donor emphasis on direct funding for NGOs for service provision was palliative, particularly during the 1980s, and very few NGOs have well-developed theories of why poverty arises (Fowler, 2004d). Increased funding from donors partly arose because donors view NGOs as more accountable, and have to negotiate less detailed programs with them than they do with national governments (Stiles, 2002). However, as noted above, there were also political impacts to this funding. The emphasis of donor funding, particularly with the collapse of the Soviet bloc, subsequently moved on to governance and transformation.