Joseph Miltz | Technion Israel Institute of Technology (original) (raw)
Papers by Joseph Miltz
Engineering Aspects of Milk and Dairy Products, 2009
[Excerpt] In the distant past, food was consumed at the place it was found. One day, most likely ... more [Excerpt] In the distant past, food was consumed at the place it was found. One day, most likely when someone noticed that drinking water was much easier when hands were arranged as a shell to carry the water, instead of drinking it directly in the river or lake, man invented the package in its elementary form. The function to contain was defined. Later, man must have realized that the use of naturally available resources such as gourds, leaves, or shells, made it possible to take goods home. With this step forward, the function to transport was incorporated. This moment is the starting point for package evolution. As time went by, this elementary concept was developed and containers made from wood, skin, bones, and organs of animals were built. The discovery of ores and other compounds led to the development of packages made of metals and ceramics. These packages had different shapes and were used to store foods, always with the aim of conserving them. The function to protect then became associated with the food package. [...](undefined)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The environmental crazing from a central hole in extruded polycarbonate sheets, using ethanol as ... more The environmental crazing from a central hole in extruded polycarbonate sheets, using ethanol as a crazing liquid, was studied. A stress analysis was made to analyse the criteria for craze initiation and growth. The craze length was found to change linearly with the square root of time and the rate of crazing was found to vary exponentially with the applied stress (above a certain stress level). It was concluded that the principal strain is the controlling parameter for environmental craze initiation and growth.
Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft & Technologie, 1992
The browning ability of plastic susceptors are demonstrated. The temperature and degree of browni... more The browning ability of plastic susceptors are demonstrated. The temperature and degree of browning attained by a product placed on top of it and its uniformity are shown. Burekas heated on top of an optical density=0.30 susceptor reached a maximum temperature of 175 o C and achieved most uniform browning. Burekas heated without a susceptor reached a maximum temperature of 142 o C without browning
ACS Symposium Series, 1990
Journal of Cellular Plastics, 1975
composition of suitable blowing agents (such as azodicarbonamide) or, less frequently, achieved b... more composition of suitable blowing agents (such as azodicarbonamide) or, less frequently, achieved by solvent type admixtures. Crosslinking and foaming are carried out both above the melting temperature of polyethylene. Crosslinking modifies the viscoelastic properties of the polyethylene melt and makes it possible to achieve high expansion ratios. The combination and adjustment of the crosslinking-foaming processes require careful selection of peroxides, blowing agents, modifiers, as well as their proportions, and processing conditions. The typical production process for extruded CLPEF comprises the following operations: kneading, (unless this step is omitted by feeding the extruder with dry blends), molding, crosslinking and thermal expansion. Premature crosslinking or expansion in the extruder/die system must be prevented. In compression molding, the crosslinking reaction takes place during the molding operation, so that the process consists essentially of three stages, namely: kneading, molding/crosslinking, and expansion. The degree of crosslinking is measured by the gel content, determined in the simple gel-fraction test. The range of gel contents within which satisfactory expansion is obtainable is 30-80% according to
Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 2010
Journal of Food Science, 1988
ABSTRACTStudies were carried out on the solubility and permeability of limonene vapor in two cere... more ABSTRACTStudies were carried out on the solubility and permeability of limonene vapor in two cereal package liners. The effect of limonene partial pressure on the permeation rate and permeability coefficient was determined over a concentration range of 0.3 to 7 ppm (wt/v). The equilibrium sorption concentration and solubility coefficient of limonene in the liner films were also determined by a microbalance gravimetric technique. Data obtained provided information necessary for the estimation of the storage quality of a packaged fruit‐flavored cereal product whose quality is related to the retention of volatile aroma constituents within the package headspace.
Journal of Food Science, 1979
ABSTRACTInverse phase gas chromatography was applied to the study of water sorption by proteins a... more ABSTRACTInverse phase gas chromatography was applied to the study of water sorption by proteins and was shown to be suitable for the investigation of sorption processes at moisture contents as low as 0.1% (wt/wt)‐a region of the isotherm, unexplored thus far. The sorption isotherm of calf‐hide collagen was determined at 55°C. The present publication provides details of this new procedure. A subsequent paper will deal with the thermodynamics of the system.
Journal of Chromatography A, 1983
The interaction of four low-molecular-weight, non-polar and five polar liquids with homopolymer p... more The interaction of four low-molecular-weight, non-polar and five polar liquids with homopolymer polyacrylonitrile and two nitrile copolymers was studied using inverse gas chromatography. For the non-polar liquids, the interaction between the studied compounds and the three polymers was found to be independent of concentration. For the polar compounds, however, the interaction between these compounds and the three polymers was found to increase with decrease in sample concentration, suggesting that at some low but finite solute concentration no effective migration of the solute from the polymer can occur.
European Polymer Journal, 1981
Abstract Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) was used to construct sorption isotherms of acrylonitri... more Abstract Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) was used to construct sorption isotherms of acrylonitrile (ACN) on an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer. The absolute value of the isosteric heat of adsorption (at constant uptake) increased with decrease in the amount of ACN adsorbed, indicating a stronger monomer-polymer interaction at the lower monomer concentrations. The Gibbs free energy obtained from the partition coefficients, as calculated from the ratio of monomer concentrations in the stationary and moving phases, was of the same order of magnitude as the values obtained from the specific retention volumes. The absolute value of this energy increased with decrease in monomer concentration and temperature, indicating a more favourable monomer-polymer interaction at the low temperatures and monomer concentrations.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 1991
The effect of virgin, high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/recycled HDPE composition on the physical ... more The effect of virgin, high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/recycled HDPE composition on the physical properties of the blends was investigated. The recycled HDPE was obtained from a postconsumer cycle of milk bottles. It was found that elongation at break was the mechanical property mostly affected by the content of recycled HDPE. Overall, however, the recycled HDPE from milk bottles was found to be a material with useful properties not largely different from those of virgin resin and thus could be used, at an appropriate concentration in virgin HDPE, for different applications.
Packaging Technology and Science, 2014
The antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger of the antimicrobial (AM) agents linalool, carv... more The antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger of the antimicrobial (AM) agents linalool, carvacrol and thymol incorporated in the coatings of starch-based films was investigated. The activity was initially determined on a solid medium using the modified microatmosphere method and then examined on Cheddar cheese. On the solid media, all the AM films demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect against A. niger growth. The inhibitory effect of the AM films containing 2.38% (w/w) AM agents is reflected by the colony diameters that were 29.3, 25.4 and 21.3 mm for linalool, carvacrol and thymol, respectively, at 25 C after 7 days incubation compared with the control sample where the colony diameter was 85.3 mm. The AM films containing 2.38% (w/w) linalool, carvacrol or thymol reduced the population of A. niger on the surface of Cheddar cheese by 1.8, 2.0 and 2.2 log CFU/g, respectively, after 35 days of storage at 15 C. The results suggest that starch-based film coated with an AM agent has the potential for being used as a fungicidal packaging system.
ACS Symposium Series, 1988
The mechanical properties of starch-based films were investigated as a function of water and rela... more The mechanical properties of starch-based films were investigated as a function of water and relative humidity (RH) to identify the maximum level at which the films can be viably used as packaging materials. Paper presetned at the 17th International Association of Packaging Research Institutes (IAPRI) World Conference of Packaging - held Tianjian, China, 12-16 October, 2010
Macromolecules, 1979
ABSTRACT In a previous publication, the details of using inverse phase gas chromatography (IPGC) ... more ABSTRACT In a previous publication, the details of using inverse phase gas chromatography (IPGC) for determining the moisture sorption isotherms of proteins were outlined. In the present article, the moisture sorption isotherms of collagen at five temperatures in the range of 40-60°C are described using this method. The thermodynamics of the sorption process are considered by application of the BET equation, the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, and the Zimm-Lundberg cluster theory. Almost the entire region of the isotherms studied was found to be in or below the monomolecular layer as defined by the BET equation. The calculated values of the Zimm-Lundberg cluster function were negative throughout, indicating the absence of water clustering. The isosteric heat of adsorption was found to be highest at the lowest moisture contents studied and then dropped slightly before leveling off at a constant value of 6.8 kcal/mol characteristic of hydrogen bonding.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Feb 14, 1996
Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, Jul 1, 1998
Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, May 4, 2007
Engineering Aspects of Milk and Dairy Products, 2009
[Excerpt] In the distant past, food was consumed at the place it was found. One day, most likely ... more [Excerpt] In the distant past, food was consumed at the place it was found. One day, most likely when someone noticed that drinking water was much easier when hands were arranged as a shell to carry the water, instead of drinking it directly in the river or lake, man invented the package in its elementary form. The function to contain was defined. Later, man must have realized that the use of naturally available resources such as gourds, leaves, or shells, made it possible to take goods home. With this step forward, the function to transport was incorporated. This moment is the starting point for package evolution. As time went by, this elementary concept was developed and containers made from wood, skin, bones, and organs of animals were built. The discovery of ores and other compounds led to the development of packages made of metals and ceramics. These packages had different shapes and were used to store foods, always with the aim of conserving them. The function to protect then became associated with the food package. [...](undefined)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The environmental crazing from a central hole in extruded polycarbonate sheets, using ethanol as ... more The environmental crazing from a central hole in extruded polycarbonate sheets, using ethanol as a crazing liquid, was studied. A stress analysis was made to analyse the criteria for craze initiation and growth. The craze length was found to change linearly with the square root of time and the rate of crazing was found to vary exponentially with the applied stress (above a certain stress level). It was concluded that the principal strain is the controlling parameter for environmental craze initiation and growth.
Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft & Technologie, 1992
The browning ability of plastic susceptors are demonstrated. The temperature and degree of browni... more The browning ability of plastic susceptors are demonstrated. The temperature and degree of browning attained by a product placed on top of it and its uniformity are shown. Burekas heated on top of an optical density=0.30 susceptor reached a maximum temperature of 175 o C and achieved most uniform browning. Burekas heated without a susceptor reached a maximum temperature of 142 o C without browning
ACS Symposium Series, 1990
Journal of Cellular Plastics, 1975
composition of suitable blowing agents (such as azodicarbonamide) or, less frequently, achieved b... more composition of suitable blowing agents (such as azodicarbonamide) or, less frequently, achieved by solvent type admixtures. Crosslinking and foaming are carried out both above the melting temperature of polyethylene. Crosslinking modifies the viscoelastic properties of the polyethylene melt and makes it possible to achieve high expansion ratios. The combination and adjustment of the crosslinking-foaming processes require careful selection of peroxides, blowing agents, modifiers, as well as their proportions, and processing conditions. The typical production process for extruded CLPEF comprises the following operations: kneading, (unless this step is omitted by feeding the extruder with dry blends), molding, crosslinking and thermal expansion. Premature crosslinking or expansion in the extruder/die system must be prevented. In compression molding, the crosslinking reaction takes place during the molding operation, so that the process consists essentially of three stages, namely: kneading, molding/crosslinking, and expansion. The degree of crosslinking is measured by the gel content, determined in the simple gel-fraction test. The range of gel contents within which satisfactory expansion is obtainable is 30-80% according to
Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 2010
Journal of Food Science, 1988
ABSTRACTStudies were carried out on the solubility and permeability of limonene vapor in two cere... more ABSTRACTStudies were carried out on the solubility and permeability of limonene vapor in two cereal package liners. The effect of limonene partial pressure on the permeation rate and permeability coefficient was determined over a concentration range of 0.3 to 7 ppm (wt/v). The equilibrium sorption concentration and solubility coefficient of limonene in the liner films were also determined by a microbalance gravimetric technique. Data obtained provided information necessary for the estimation of the storage quality of a packaged fruit‐flavored cereal product whose quality is related to the retention of volatile aroma constituents within the package headspace.
Journal of Food Science, 1979
ABSTRACTInverse phase gas chromatography was applied to the study of water sorption by proteins a... more ABSTRACTInverse phase gas chromatography was applied to the study of water sorption by proteins and was shown to be suitable for the investigation of sorption processes at moisture contents as low as 0.1% (wt/wt)‐a region of the isotherm, unexplored thus far. The sorption isotherm of calf‐hide collagen was determined at 55°C. The present publication provides details of this new procedure. A subsequent paper will deal with the thermodynamics of the system.
Journal of Chromatography A, 1983
The interaction of four low-molecular-weight, non-polar and five polar liquids with homopolymer p... more The interaction of four low-molecular-weight, non-polar and five polar liquids with homopolymer polyacrylonitrile and two nitrile copolymers was studied using inverse gas chromatography. For the non-polar liquids, the interaction between the studied compounds and the three polymers was found to be independent of concentration. For the polar compounds, however, the interaction between these compounds and the three polymers was found to increase with decrease in sample concentration, suggesting that at some low but finite solute concentration no effective migration of the solute from the polymer can occur.
European Polymer Journal, 1981
Abstract Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) was used to construct sorption isotherms of acrylonitri... more Abstract Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) was used to construct sorption isotherms of acrylonitrile (ACN) on an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer. The absolute value of the isosteric heat of adsorption (at constant uptake) increased with decrease in the amount of ACN adsorbed, indicating a stronger monomer-polymer interaction at the lower monomer concentrations. The Gibbs free energy obtained from the partition coefficients, as calculated from the ratio of monomer concentrations in the stationary and moving phases, was of the same order of magnitude as the values obtained from the specific retention volumes. The absolute value of this energy increased with decrease in monomer concentration and temperature, indicating a more favourable monomer-polymer interaction at the low temperatures and monomer concentrations.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 1991
The effect of virgin, high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/recycled HDPE composition on the physical ... more The effect of virgin, high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/recycled HDPE composition on the physical properties of the blends was investigated. The recycled HDPE was obtained from a postconsumer cycle of milk bottles. It was found that elongation at break was the mechanical property mostly affected by the content of recycled HDPE. Overall, however, the recycled HDPE from milk bottles was found to be a material with useful properties not largely different from those of virgin resin and thus could be used, at an appropriate concentration in virgin HDPE, for different applications.
Packaging Technology and Science, 2014
The antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger of the antimicrobial (AM) agents linalool, carv... more The antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger of the antimicrobial (AM) agents linalool, carvacrol and thymol incorporated in the coatings of starch-based films was investigated. The activity was initially determined on a solid medium using the modified microatmosphere method and then examined on Cheddar cheese. On the solid media, all the AM films demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect against A. niger growth. The inhibitory effect of the AM films containing 2.38% (w/w) AM agents is reflected by the colony diameters that were 29.3, 25.4 and 21.3 mm for linalool, carvacrol and thymol, respectively, at 25 C after 7 days incubation compared with the control sample where the colony diameter was 85.3 mm. The AM films containing 2.38% (w/w) linalool, carvacrol or thymol reduced the population of A. niger on the surface of Cheddar cheese by 1.8, 2.0 and 2.2 log CFU/g, respectively, after 35 days of storage at 15 C. The results suggest that starch-based film coated with an AM agent has the potential for being used as a fungicidal packaging system.
ACS Symposium Series, 1988
The mechanical properties of starch-based films were investigated as a function of water and rela... more The mechanical properties of starch-based films were investigated as a function of water and relative humidity (RH) to identify the maximum level at which the films can be viably used as packaging materials. Paper presetned at the 17th International Association of Packaging Research Institutes (IAPRI) World Conference of Packaging - held Tianjian, China, 12-16 October, 2010
Macromolecules, 1979
ABSTRACT In a previous publication, the details of using inverse phase gas chromatography (IPGC) ... more ABSTRACT In a previous publication, the details of using inverse phase gas chromatography (IPGC) for determining the moisture sorption isotherms of proteins were outlined. In the present article, the moisture sorption isotherms of collagen at five temperatures in the range of 40-60°C are described using this method. The thermodynamics of the sorption process are considered by application of the BET equation, the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, and the Zimm-Lundberg cluster theory. Almost the entire region of the isotherms studied was found to be in or below the monomolecular layer as defined by the BET equation. The calculated values of the Zimm-Lundberg cluster function were negative throughout, indicating the absence of water clustering. The isosteric heat of adsorption was found to be highest at the lowest moisture contents studied and then dropped slightly before leveling off at a constant value of 6.8 kcal/mol characteristic of hydrogen bonding.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Feb 14, 1996
Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, Jul 1, 1998
Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, May 4, 2007