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Papers by João Pires Ribeiro

Annals of Operations Research

Supply Chain Management is in constant evolution, and Supply Chain Resilience (SCR) appears as a ... more Supply Chain Management is in constant evolution, and Supply Chain Resilience (SCR) appears as a recent offspring result of changes in how companies do business. Research efforts on the topic have led to a focus on the basic concepts of SCR, leaving a relevant research gap on the modelling and quantification of the SCR behaviour. In fact, there is not yet a consensus on SCR metrics or on how to quantify SCR. Most SCR models fail to incorporate relevant characteristics of the supply chain's performance, as are the impacts perceived by downstream customers. This work addresses such gaps, and a new resilient SC metric is proposed, which is incorporated into a developed optimisation model, where economic and responsiveness objectives are maximised when designing and planning resilient SC considering all SC entities. The model is applied to a case study that shows that decisionmakers should avoid adopting universal strategies when managing their SC and instead should define the best plan for their SC operation. The impacts perceived by downstream customers are analysed. Moreover, it can be concluded that there is a correlation between the SC performance and the new SCR metric, easing the process of designing and planning the SC when resilience concerns are at stake.

Operational Research

Supply Chains (SC) have been facing a vast set of events that can endanger their operations and p... more Supply Chains (SC) have been facing a vast set of events that can endanger their operations and produce permanent damage, which are unknown until its occurrence. This led to an increased awareness of SC Resilience to deal with such SC uncertainty. This work uses a Mixed Integer Linear Programming model to study the relative importance of the different types of events that threaten SC operations exploring the use of two indicators Expected NPV (ENPV) and Expected Service Level (ECSL). From this work, it can be said that upstream disturbances are of greater importance and because of that should be more efficiently managed, generating value and ultimately a competitive advantage to companies that deploy resilience concerns to their operations.

31st European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering, 2021

Environmental and resilience are currently vital concerns when managing Supply Chains (SC). Doing... more Environmental and resilience are currently vital concerns when managing Supply Chains (SC). Doing so in a competitive setting, with diverse stakeholders' perspectives and dealing with unforeseen disruptive events is challenging. Today, this is a reality where, with the actual COVID-19 pandemic, supply chains face reduced demand and stoppages at different levels, calling for the urgent need to invest in designing and planning resilient SC. But resilience must not leave apart other vital goals as is the environmental goal, which nowadays requires special attention. This is especially critical in the process industries where environmental concerns are often at stake. We address this challenge in the current work by representing the cost associated with CO2 emissions, considering the EU emissions trading system (EU ETS). This system makes the cost associated with emissions a variable value attributed by the market. A Mixed Integer Linear Programming model (MILP) is here presented wh...

Operational Research, 2019

Supply Chains (SC) have been facing a vast set of events that can endanger their operations and p... more Supply Chains (SC) have been facing a vast set of events that can endanger their operations and produce permanent damage, which are unknown until its occurrence. This led to an increased awareness of SC Resilience to deal with such SC uncertainty. This work uses a Mixed Integer Linear Programming model to study the relative importance of the different types of events that threaten SC operations exploring the use of two indicators Expected NPV (ENPV) and Expected Service Level (ECSL). From this work, it can be said that upstream disturbances are of greater importance and because of that should be more efficiently managed, generating value and ultimately a competitive advantage to companies that deploy resilience concerns to their operations.

Computer Aided Chemical Engineering

Abstract Globalization has increased the exposure of Supply Chains (SC) to higher uncertainties t... more Abstract Globalization has increased the exposure of Supply Chains (SC) to higher uncertainties that call for adequate strategies, thus supporting the creation of SC Resilience. There is, however, no absolute strategy that decision makers can follow to guarantee such resilience and the knowledge on how to characterise SC resilience (SCR) is still an open issue. This work focuses on a strategic level of decision and analyses the relationship between SCR and SC complexity, aiming to conclude how SC flow complexity reflects SCR. The design and planning of a multi-product, multi-period SC are addressed through a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model where demand uncertainty is considered. A set of disruptions is studied for different SC structures and as main conclusions, it can be stated that SC flow complexity leads to an increase in SC resilient performance and appears as a good indicator of SCR.

Computers & Industrial Engineering

Abstract Resilience is currently an increasing concern in supply chain (SC), caused by their glob... more Abstract Resilience is currently an increasing concern in supply chain (SC), caused by their globalization, which is subject to diverse types of disturbances. Such disturbances need to be handled in the right way, compelling the use of tools that can support resilient supply chain decisions. To comprehend how the academic community has been treating such concern we developed a systematic literature review on SC resilience, focusing on the analysis of the development of quantitative methods to support such decisions. A content analysis was performed, in an identified sample of 39 papers, exploiting a solid methodology in the preparation; collection; and analysis of the information obtained. Additionally, published SC resilience definitions were examined and, as result, it was found that there is no consensus in the literature. A sound definition is then proposed, which is supported by a comprehensive framework that includes the four main identified SCR elements: focus event; adaptive framing or adaptive response; speed; performance level. Moreover, it was concluded that the use of quantitative models, although recognised with high relevance in SC resilience, should be further researched as most of the published work explores the conceptualization of only a limited number of resilience elements, lacking the development of integrated holistic approaches. These should simultaneously address the main supply chain characteristics and SC resilience elements. Future directions for the academic community are presented, aiming to guide future research work in the area.

Annals of Operations Research

Supply Chain Management is in constant evolution, and Supply Chain Resilience (SCR) appears as a ... more Supply Chain Management is in constant evolution, and Supply Chain Resilience (SCR) appears as a recent offspring result of changes in how companies do business. Research efforts on the topic have led to a focus on the basic concepts of SCR, leaving a relevant research gap on the modelling and quantification of the SCR behaviour. In fact, there is not yet a consensus on SCR metrics or on how to quantify SCR. Most SCR models fail to incorporate relevant characteristics of the supply chain's performance, as are the impacts perceived by downstream customers. This work addresses such gaps, and a new resilient SC metric is proposed, which is incorporated into a developed optimisation model, where economic and responsiveness objectives are maximised when designing and planning resilient SC considering all SC entities. The model is applied to a case study that shows that decisionmakers should avoid adopting universal strategies when managing their SC and instead should define the best plan for their SC operation. The impacts perceived by downstream customers are analysed. Moreover, it can be concluded that there is a correlation between the SC performance and the new SCR metric, easing the process of designing and planning the SC when resilience concerns are at stake.

Operational Research

Supply Chains (SC) have been facing a vast set of events that can endanger their operations and p... more Supply Chains (SC) have been facing a vast set of events that can endanger their operations and produce permanent damage, which are unknown until its occurrence. This led to an increased awareness of SC Resilience to deal with such SC uncertainty. This work uses a Mixed Integer Linear Programming model to study the relative importance of the different types of events that threaten SC operations exploring the use of two indicators Expected NPV (ENPV) and Expected Service Level (ECSL). From this work, it can be said that upstream disturbances are of greater importance and because of that should be more efficiently managed, generating value and ultimately a competitive advantage to companies that deploy resilience concerns to their operations.

31st European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering, 2021

Environmental and resilience are currently vital concerns when managing Supply Chains (SC). Doing... more Environmental and resilience are currently vital concerns when managing Supply Chains (SC). Doing so in a competitive setting, with diverse stakeholders' perspectives and dealing with unforeseen disruptive events is challenging. Today, this is a reality where, with the actual COVID-19 pandemic, supply chains face reduced demand and stoppages at different levels, calling for the urgent need to invest in designing and planning resilient SC. But resilience must not leave apart other vital goals as is the environmental goal, which nowadays requires special attention. This is especially critical in the process industries where environmental concerns are often at stake. We address this challenge in the current work by representing the cost associated with CO2 emissions, considering the EU emissions trading system (EU ETS). This system makes the cost associated with emissions a variable value attributed by the market. A Mixed Integer Linear Programming model (MILP) is here presented wh...

Operational Research, 2019

Supply Chains (SC) have been facing a vast set of events that can endanger their operations and p... more Supply Chains (SC) have been facing a vast set of events that can endanger their operations and produce permanent damage, which are unknown until its occurrence. This led to an increased awareness of SC Resilience to deal with such SC uncertainty. This work uses a Mixed Integer Linear Programming model to study the relative importance of the different types of events that threaten SC operations exploring the use of two indicators Expected NPV (ENPV) and Expected Service Level (ECSL). From this work, it can be said that upstream disturbances are of greater importance and because of that should be more efficiently managed, generating value and ultimately a competitive advantage to companies that deploy resilience concerns to their operations.

Computer Aided Chemical Engineering

Abstract Globalization has increased the exposure of Supply Chains (SC) to higher uncertainties t... more Abstract Globalization has increased the exposure of Supply Chains (SC) to higher uncertainties that call for adequate strategies, thus supporting the creation of SC Resilience. There is, however, no absolute strategy that decision makers can follow to guarantee such resilience and the knowledge on how to characterise SC resilience (SCR) is still an open issue. This work focuses on a strategic level of decision and analyses the relationship between SCR and SC complexity, aiming to conclude how SC flow complexity reflects SCR. The design and planning of a multi-product, multi-period SC are addressed through a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model where demand uncertainty is considered. A set of disruptions is studied for different SC structures and as main conclusions, it can be stated that SC flow complexity leads to an increase in SC resilient performance and appears as a good indicator of SCR.

Computers & Industrial Engineering

Abstract Resilience is currently an increasing concern in supply chain (SC), caused by their glob... more Abstract Resilience is currently an increasing concern in supply chain (SC), caused by their globalization, which is subject to diverse types of disturbances. Such disturbances need to be handled in the right way, compelling the use of tools that can support resilient supply chain decisions. To comprehend how the academic community has been treating such concern we developed a systematic literature review on SC resilience, focusing on the analysis of the development of quantitative methods to support such decisions. A content analysis was performed, in an identified sample of 39 papers, exploiting a solid methodology in the preparation; collection; and analysis of the information obtained. Additionally, published SC resilience definitions were examined and, as result, it was found that there is no consensus in the literature. A sound definition is then proposed, which is supported by a comprehensive framework that includes the four main identified SCR elements: focus event; adaptive framing or adaptive response; speed; performance level. Moreover, it was concluded that the use of quantitative models, although recognised with high relevance in SC resilience, should be further researched as most of the published work explores the conceptualization of only a limited number of resilience elements, lacking the development of integrated holistic approaches. These should simultaneously address the main supply chain characteristics and SC resilience elements. Future directions for the academic community are presented, aiming to guide future research work in the area.