Hamid Reza Irani | University of Tehran (original) (raw)
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Papers by Hamid Reza Irani
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Feb 1, 2020
و تارداـص ،لاغتـشا دـعب رـ ب هولاـع ،فابتـسد شرـف ىـگنهرف و ىرـنه دـعب زا ،ىداـصتقا عـفانم و ىروآ... more و تارداـص ،لاغتـشا دـعب رـ ب هولاـع ،فابتـسد شرـف ىـگنهرف و ىرـنه دـعب زا ،ىداـصتقا عـفانم و ىروآزرا زابرید زا نیمزرـس نـیا ىـنغ گـنهرف روـلبت و داـمن زـین هـب تاـعلاطا ساـسا رـب .دراد ىـناهج ترهـش و هدوـب ،فابتـسد شرـف ناراکردنا تـسد ىوـس زا هدـمآ تـسد اــ ه نآ تخانــ ش و ناگدــ ننک فرصم اــ ب طاــ بترا نادــ قف ىــ بایرازاب و قلاــ خ و دــ نمفده تاــ غیلبت نــ ینچمه و نارـ یا فابتـسد شرـف رد هـک تـسا ىدروـم ،بـسانم هــ تفرگ هدــ یدان ناــ شاک فابتــ سد شرــ ف نآ عــ بط هــ ب و ىیاــ سانش شــ هوژپ نــ یا ىــ لصا فدــ ه .تــ سا هدــ ش ىــ حارط ىارــ ب ناــ شاک فابتــ سد شرــ ف ىاه هصخاــ ش شرــف ىــفرعم روــظنم هــب ،ىــتاغیلبت نــیپمک ةدــیا .تــ سا نارــ یا ىــ لخاد ىاــ هرازاب رد ناــ شاک فابتــ سد و هــبحاصم رازــبا ود زا هدافتــسا اــب رــضاح قــیقحت تـسد هـب تاـعلاطا .تـفرگ رارـق ىـسررب دروـم دانـسا ریـسفت ،فـیصوت دروـم ،قوـف رازـبا ود قـیرط زا هدـمآ ىـلصا لاؤـس خـساپ اـت تـفرگ رارـق عـماج لـیلحت و تـعنص ىارـب بـسانم ىـتاغیلبت نـیپمک ةدـیا) شـهوژپ نــیا .دوــش هداد (تــسیچ ،نا...
d2 %T 3 ** S HM & * S HM & T 0 ) S T i : T 2 8 . T 0 w & 8 " 0 = 0 v;c < ** 0 1 y* 0 = 0... more d2 %T 3 ** S HM & * S HM & T 0 ) S T i : T 2 8 . T 0 w & 8 " 0 = 0 v;c < ** 0 1 y* 0 = 0 = & = " % H e 2 T < : )* T ^ H P d2 3 ** " ! X _ * < T = ! 2 % 0 ;52 % ; :a " m T P 8 X2 P** " ! * 0 < T = ! 2 : * = & : = = T < : < U i P o m ;2 i ? L 6 * $ 7H " % ; m S a 0 & : T < = & : = = i B+(B " % *C 2 m P* T :a 2 'B( ; 6 0 *< 2 5Xc 0 X & >H m % ! 6 T % H" 0T " HM " 3v 0 ? ) 0 SPSS LISREL )L2 ; 12 * < U m H r = A i = " :a T < 0 d& 8 ;M T ;1 0 < i * d& dH * 8 *^R2 X@ 0 < T = ! 2 < T = ! 2 )* _ d& 8 _ < ; M >H T " : = = *^R2 X@ 0 *^R2 m T " >H _ d& )* X@ " m 0 * = : <G 9 < T = ! 2 8 T ;M ;1 0 8 < i * d& dH * 8 < 0 d& 8 = & T < :
Social Science Research Network, 2012
Tourism Recreation Research
بررسی روند تولیدات علمی و پژوهش‌های صورت گرفته در زمینه کانال‌های توزیع گردشگری در سال‌های گذشته،... more بررسی روند تولیدات علمی و پژوهش‌های صورت گرفته در زمینه کانال‌های توزیع گردشگری در سال‌های گذشته، می‌تواند نقشه راهی برای آینده بهتر فراهم نماید. از این‌رو پژوش حاضر با هدف تحلیل کتاب سنجی پژوهش‌های منتشر شده در پایگاه Web of Science در موضوع کانال‌های توزیع گردشگری از ابتدا تا کنون و ترسیم نقشه علمی دنیا (طی 35 سال اخیر) انجام شد. این پژوهش یک مطالعه کتابسنجی است و تعداد 142 منبع علمی موضوع کانال‌های توزیع گردشگری از پایگاه Web of Science به صورت جستجوی موضوعی، مورد تحلیل کتاب سنجی قرار گرفت. تحلیل داده‌ها توسط امکانات این پایگاه و همچنین نرم افزار VOS viewer که یک نرم افزار مصورسازی است صورت گرفت. منابع بازیابی شده، تولیدات علمی سال‌های1983 تا 2018 را پوشش داد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان دهنده روند صعودی انتشار مقالات حوزه کانال‌های توزیع گردشگری در 10 سال اخیر بود. بیشترین مقاله در سال 2018، 26 مقاله و بیشترین میزان استناد در سال 2018، 212 استناد بود. بیشترین انتشارات این حوزه بصورت مقاله پژوهشی اصیل (63/55%) و از کشورهای چین، سپس اسپانیا، آمریکا، نیوزلند و تایوان بود. ترسیم شبکه هم تا...
2017 International Conference on Nascent Technologies in Engineering (ICNTE), 2017
In recent years, the importance of keeping and sharing knowledge in organization have motivated m... more In recent years, the importance of keeping and sharing knowledge in organization have motivated many firms to start knowledge management (KM) projects. However, in reality, many of KM projects have failed or not achieved the planned goals. Lack of infrastructure for knowledge creation are known as one of the important reasons for this failure. Knowledge creation is one of the main level in KM cycle. Knowledge and knowledge creating tools, if well recognized and applied, have a significant role in the success of the KM project. The aim of this study is to identify organizational factors that affect individual knowledge creation in the firm. The systematic literature review resulted in 23 key factors on individual knowledge creation. These factors were classified in five categories namely: organizational culture, strategy, organizational structure, human resources and information technologies. Focusing on these factors, can increase knowledge creation by employees in organization and ...
Iranian Journal of Management Studies, 2016
Customer relationship management is a multiple perspective business paradigm which helps companie... more Customer relationship management is a multiple perspective business paradigm which helps companies gaining competitive advantage through relationships with their customers. An integrated framework for evaluating CRM performance is an important issue which is not addressed completely in previous studies. The main purpose and the most important contribution of this study is introducing a framework based on the integration of two novel MCDM methods. In this regard, first, by the survey of related literature, five main criteria of the CRM performance measurement were identified. In the second step, by means of judgmental sampling, a committee of 20 experts of Mellat Bank and its three subsidiary branches were formed and their idea about the importance of the five CRM evaluation criteria was extracted through questionnaire. Fuzzy Shannon’s entropy was applied for calculating the relative importance. In the third step, for demonstrating the applicability of the model three subsidiary bran...
International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 2014
A new branch of management called knowledge management is created for improved application of kno... more A new branch of management called knowledge management is created for improved application of knowledge capital in organizations. Applying such process improves knowledge processes and enhances organizational knowledge by linking knowledge management with organizational strategies. Also, it provides proper guidelines to compensate current deficiencies and helps organization to keep its competitive advantage. In present study and after brief study of knowledge management concepts by identifying and considering affecting factors on management success and knowledge management enablers, research hypotheses were revealed to evaluate organizational readiness to execute knowledge management in both individual and organizational sections. The readiness of Management Schools in Qom province of Iran to execute knowledge management was assessed and confirmed by a questionnaire and the relevant scores were computed. Then, the weak points were identified according to the readiness of the statist...
International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 2014
Knowledge management can play a vital role in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of orga... more Knowledge management can play a vital role in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations. The earnings from utilizing knowledge management has caused that most organizations try to execute this process. In this study, we aim to assess the ranking and weights of knowledge management enablers based on the academic members, staff and student in management schools of Qom province in Iran. The results showed that the organizational culture has the most important position while the organizational structure has the least important position in knowledge management in universities. Using a group AHP weighting method resulted in highest weight for organizational culture and lowest weight for organizational culture in developing knowledge management in educational organizations.
Journal of Entrepreneurship & Organization Management, 2013
Iranian Journal of Management Studies, 2015
In winter 2007 the management faculty members of Farabi (Qom) College of the University of Tehran... more In winter 2007 the management faculty members of Farabi (Qom) College of the University of Tehran decided to establish Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS), an academic English language management journal, initially with the view to “transferring research findings of Iranian management scholars to other people around the world”. Since then, we have published 11 issues with 84 articles in different disciplines such as Public Administration, Organizational Behavior, Accounting, Finance, Operation Management, Marketing and so forth. However, managing such a journal has not been as easy task. Firstly, publishing a management journal in English as a foreign language in a country like Iran is challenging. Given the emphasis of the journal on clarity of communication and high quality scholarship, maintaining such standards has been particularly time-consuming and demanding mainly because despite their high quality contents, some articles have been returned to their authors for furt...
<i>Abstract</i><br>Purpose – This study seeks to examine how company can select... more <i>Abstract</i><br>Purpose – This study seeks to examine how company can select the best intermediary for its Marketing channels with minimum of criteria and time. Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical framework is proposed based on the mostimportance tasks of intermediary and criteria for measuring them. There are four basic tasks and 30 criteria in three independent levels. Subsequently, an exploratory case study in Iranian Food industry is described that illustrates the value of the framework. Findings – It is possible, for example, to apply the theoretical framework to select the intermediary for any industry or any country. Research limitations/implications – The study has possible location- and industry-specific limitations.Originality/value – Moreover, the framework has proven to be useful in improving the selection of the intermediary in marketing channel. This is a notable and promising side-effect of the exploratory study, at least from a managerial point of view.<br><b>Find more at:</b><b>https://www.edusoft.ro/brain/index.php/brand/article/view/230</b><br>
This study seeks to examine how a company can select the best intermediary for its Marketing chan... more This study seeks to examine how a company can select the best intermediary for its Marketing channels with minimum of criteria and time. A theoretical framework is proposed based on the most important tasks of intermediary and the criteria to measure them. There are four basic tasks and thirty criteria in three independent levels. Subsequently, an exploratory case study in Iranian Food industry is described to illustrate the value of the framework. It is possible to apply the theoretical framework to select the intermediary for any industry or country. However, there might be possible location-specific or industry-specific limitations. Moreover, the framework has proved to be useful in improving the selection of the intermediary in marketing channel. This is a notable and promising side-effect of the exploratory study, at least from a managerial point of view. Keywords:
Background and Objectives: Because of the increased using of herbal medicines, these drugs are be... more Background and Objectives: Because of the increased using of herbal medicines, these drugs are becoming vital. By reviewing Iran’s drug supply chain, we find out consumers have less knowledge about the type of drug and its manufacturer, therefore pharmacies are the main clients of pharmaceutical products. This makes the role of pharmacies very important in profitability of the supplier and distributor of herbal medicines. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the distribution problems of herbal medicines from the perspective of pharmacies. Material and Methods: This was a qualitative study. The statistical population of this study was pharmacies of Tehran and Qom cities of Iran in 2018; among which 22 pharmacists in charge of drug acquisition were selected through judgmental and snowball sampling method. We used exploratory interviews to collect data and by content analysis method, meaning themes and primary units were done during the data collection and interviews. F...
In recent years, the importance of keeping and sharing knowledge in organization have motivated m... more In recent years, the importance of keeping and sharing knowledge in organization have motivated many firms to start knowledge management (KM) projects. However, in reality, many of KM projects have failed or not achieved the planned goals. Lack of infrastructure for knowledge creation are known as one of the important reasons for this failure. Knowledge creation is one of the main level in KM cycle. Knowledge and knowledge creating tools, if well recognized and applied, have a significant role in the success of the KM project. The aim of this study is to identify organizational factors that affect individual knowledge creation in the firm. The systematic literature review resulted in 23 key factors on individual knowledge creation. These factors were classified in five categories namely: organizational culture, strategy, organizational structure, human resources and information technologies. Focusing on these factors, can increase knowledge creation by employees in organization and decrease the rate of KM projects failure.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Feb 1, 2020
و تارداـص ،لاغتـشا دـعب رـ ب هولاـع ،فابتـسد شرـف ىـگنهرف و ىرـنه دـعب زا ،ىداـصتقا عـفانم و ىروآ... more و تارداـص ،لاغتـشا دـعب رـ ب هولاـع ،فابتـسد شرـف ىـگنهرف و ىرـنه دـعب زا ،ىداـصتقا عـفانم و ىروآزرا زابرید زا نیمزرـس نـیا ىـنغ گـنهرف روـلبت و داـمن زـین هـب تاـعلاطا ساـسا رـب .دراد ىـناهج ترهـش و هدوـب ،فابتـسد شرـف ناراکردنا تـسد ىوـس زا هدـمآ تـسد اــ ه نآ تخانــ ش و ناگدــ ننک فرصم اــ ب طاــ بترا نادــ قف ىــ بایرازاب و قلاــ خ و دــ نمفده تاــ غیلبت نــ ینچمه و نارـ یا فابتـسد شرـف رد هـک تـسا ىدروـم ،بـسانم هــ تفرگ هدــ یدان ناــ شاک فابتــ سد شرــ ف نآ عــ بط هــ ب و ىیاــ سانش شــ هوژپ نــ یا ىــ لصا فدــ ه .تــ سا هدــ ش ىــ حارط ىارــ ب ناــ شاک فابتــ سد شرــ ف ىاه هصخاــ ش شرــف ىــفرعم روــظنم هــب ،ىــتاغیلبت نــیپمک ةدــیا .تــ سا نارــ یا ىــ لخاد ىاــ هرازاب رد ناــ شاک فابتــ سد و هــبحاصم رازــبا ود زا هدافتــسا اــب رــضاح قــیقحت تـسد هـب تاـعلاطا .تـفرگ رارـق ىـسررب دروـم دانـسا ریـسفت ،فـیصوت دروـم ،قوـف رازـبا ود قـیرط زا هدـمآ ىـلصا لاؤـس خـساپ اـت تـفرگ رارـق عـماج لـیلحت و تـعنص ىارـب بـسانم ىـتاغیلبت نـیپمک ةدـیا) شـهوژپ نــیا .دوــش هداد (تــسیچ ،نا...
d2 %T 3 ** S HM & * S HM & T 0 ) S T i : T 2 8 . T 0 w & 8 " 0 = 0 v;c < ** 0 1 y* 0 = 0... more d2 %T 3 ** S HM & * S HM & T 0 ) S T i : T 2 8 . T 0 w & 8 " 0 = 0 v;c < ** 0 1 y* 0 = 0 = & = " % H e 2 T < : )* T ^ H P d2 3 ** " ! X _ * < T = ! 2 % 0 ;52 % ; :a " m T P 8 X2 P** " ! * 0 < T = ! 2 : * = & : = = T < : < U i P o m ;2 i ? L 6 * $ 7H " % ; m S a 0 & : T < = & : = = i B+(B " % *C 2 m P* T :a 2 'B( ; 6 0 *< 2 5Xc 0 X & >H m % ! 6 T % H" 0T " HM " 3v 0 ? ) 0 SPSS LISREL )L2 ; 12 * < U m H r = A i = " :a T < 0 d& 8 ;M T ;1 0 < i * d& dH * 8 *^R2 X@ 0 < T = ! 2 < T = ! 2 )* _ d& 8 _ < ; M >H T " : = = *^R2 X@ 0 *^R2 m T " >H _ d& )* X@ " m 0 * = : <G 9 < T = ! 2 8 T ;M ;1 0 8 < i * d& dH * 8 < 0 d& 8 = & T < :
Social Science Research Network, 2012
Tourism Recreation Research
بررسی روند تولیدات علمی و پژوهش‌های صورت گرفته در زمینه کانال‌های توزیع گردشگری در سال‌های گذشته،... more بررسی روند تولیدات علمی و پژوهش‌های صورت گرفته در زمینه کانال‌های توزیع گردشگری در سال‌های گذشته، می‌تواند نقشه راهی برای آینده بهتر فراهم نماید. از این‌رو پژوش حاضر با هدف تحلیل کتاب سنجی پژوهش‌های منتشر شده در پایگاه Web of Science در موضوع کانال‌های توزیع گردشگری از ابتدا تا کنون و ترسیم نقشه علمی دنیا (طی 35 سال اخیر) انجام شد. این پژوهش یک مطالعه کتابسنجی است و تعداد 142 منبع علمی موضوع کانال‌های توزیع گردشگری از پایگاه Web of Science به صورت جستجوی موضوعی، مورد تحلیل کتاب سنجی قرار گرفت. تحلیل داده‌ها توسط امکانات این پایگاه و همچنین نرم افزار VOS viewer که یک نرم افزار مصورسازی است صورت گرفت. منابع بازیابی شده، تولیدات علمی سال‌های1983 تا 2018 را پوشش داد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان دهنده روند صعودی انتشار مقالات حوزه کانال‌های توزیع گردشگری در 10 سال اخیر بود. بیشترین مقاله در سال 2018، 26 مقاله و بیشترین میزان استناد در سال 2018، 212 استناد بود. بیشترین انتشارات این حوزه بصورت مقاله پژوهشی اصیل (63/55%) و از کشورهای چین، سپس اسپانیا، آمریکا، نیوزلند و تایوان بود. ترسیم شبکه هم تا...
2017 International Conference on Nascent Technologies in Engineering (ICNTE), 2017
In recent years, the importance of keeping and sharing knowledge in organization have motivated m... more In recent years, the importance of keeping and sharing knowledge in organization have motivated many firms to start knowledge management (KM) projects. However, in reality, many of KM projects have failed or not achieved the planned goals. Lack of infrastructure for knowledge creation are known as one of the important reasons for this failure. Knowledge creation is one of the main level in KM cycle. Knowledge and knowledge creating tools, if well recognized and applied, have a significant role in the success of the KM project. The aim of this study is to identify organizational factors that affect individual knowledge creation in the firm. The systematic literature review resulted in 23 key factors on individual knowledge creation. These factors were classified in five categories namely: organizational culture, strategy, organizational structure, human resources and information technologies. Focusing on these factors, can increase knowledge creation by employees in organization and ...
Iranian Journal of Management Studies, 2016
Customer relationship management is a multiple perspective business paradigm which helps companie... more Customer relationship management is a multiple perspective business paradigm which helps companies gaining competitive advantage through relationships with their customers. An integrated framework for evaluating CRM performance is an important issue which is not addressed completely in previous studies. The main purpose and the most important contribution of this study is introducing a framework based on the integration of two novel MCDM methods. In this regard, first, by the survey of related literature, five main criteria of the CRM performance measurement were identified. In the second step, by means of judgmental sampling, a committee of 20 experts of Mellat Bank and its three subsidiary branches were formed and their idea about the importance of the five CRM evaluation criteria was extracted through questionnaire. Fuzzy Shannon’s entropy was applied for calculating the relative importance. In the third step, for demonstrating the applicability of the model three subsidiary bran...
International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 2014
A new branch of management called knowledge management is created for improved application of kno... more A new branch of management called knowledge management is created for improved application of knowledge capital in organizations. Applying such process improves knowledge processes and enhances organizational knowledge by linking knowledge management with organizational strategies. Also, it provides proper guidelines to compensate current deficiencies and helps organization to keep its competitive advantage. In present study and after brief study of knowledge management concepts by identifying and considering affecting factors on management success and knowledge management enablers, research hypotheses were revealed to evaluate organizational readiness to execute knowledge management in both individual and organizational sections. The readiness of Management Schools in Qom province of Iran to execute knowledge management was assessed and confirmed by a questionnaire and the relevant scores were computed. Then, the weak points were identified according to the readiness of the statist...
International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 2014
Knowledge management can play a vital role in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of orga... more Knowledge management can play a vital role in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations. The earnings from utilizing knowledge management has caused that most organizations try to execute this process. In this study, we aim to assess the ranking and weights of knowledge management enablers based on the academic members, staff and student in management schools of Qom province in Iran. The results showed that the organizational culture has the most important position while the organizational structure has the least important position in knowledge management in universities. Using a group AHP weighting method resulted in highest weight for organizational culture and lowest weight for organizational culture in developing knowledge management in educational organizations.
Journal of Entrepreneurship & Organization Management, 2013
Iranian Journal of Management Studies, 2015
In winter 2007 the management faculty members of Farabi (Qom) College of the University of Tehran... more In winter 2007 the management faculty members of Farabi (Qom) College of the University of Tehran decided to establish Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS), an academic English language management journal, initially with the view to “transferring research findings of Iranian management scholars to other people around the world”. Since then, we have published 11 issues with 84 articles in different disciplines such as Public Administration, Organizational Behavior, Accounting, Finance, Operation Management, Marketing and so forth. However, managing such a journal has not been as easy task. Firstly, publishing a management journal in English as a foreign language in a country like Iran is challenging. Given the emphasis of the journal on clarity of communication and high quality scholarship, maintaining such standards has been particularly time-consuming and demanding mainly because despite their high quality contents, some articles have been returned to their authors for furt...
<i>Abstract</i><br>Purpose – This study seeks to examine how company can select... more <i>Abstract</i><br>Purpose – This study seeks to examine how company can select the best intermediary for its Marketing channels with minimum of criteria and time. Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical framework is proposed based on the mostimportance tasks of intermediary and criteria for measuring them. There are four basic tasks and 30 criteria in three independent levels. Subsequently, an exploratory case study in Iranian Food industry is described that illustrates the value of the framework. Findings – It is possible, for example, to apply the theoretical framework to select the intermediary for any industry or any country. Research limitations/implications – The study has possible location- and industry-specific limitations.Originality/value – Moreover, the framework has proven to be useful in improving the selection of the intermediary in marketing channel. This is a notable and promising side-effect of the exploratory study, at least from a managerial point of view.<br><b>Find more at:</b><b>https://www.edusoft.ro/brain/index.php/brand/article/view/230</b><br>
This study seeks to examine how a company can select the best intermediary for its Marketing chan... more This study seeks to examine how a company can select the best intermediary for its Marketing channels with minimum of criteria and time. A theoretical framework is proposed based on the most important tasks of intermediary and the criteria to measure them. There are four basic tasks and thirty criteria in three independent levels. Subsequently, an exploratory case study in Iranian Food industry is described to illustrate the value of the framework. It is possible to apply the theoretical framework to select the intermediary for any industry or country. However, there might be possible location-specific or industry-specific limitations. Moreover, the framework has proved to be useful in improving the selection of the intermediary in marketing channel. This is a notable and promising side-effect of the exploratory study, at least from a managerial point of view. Keywords:
Background and Objectives: Because of the increased using of herbal medicines, these drugs are be... more Background and Objectives: Because of the increased using of herbal medicines, these drugs are becoming vital. By reviewing Iran’s drug supply chain, we find out consumers have less knowledge about the type of drug and its manufacturer, therefore pharmacies are the main clients of pharmaceutical products. This makes the role of pharmacies very important in profitability of the supplier and distributor of herbal medicines. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the distribution problems of herbal medicines from the perspective of pharmacies. Material and Methods: This was a qualitative study. The statistical population of this study was pharmacies of Tehran and Qom cities of Iran in 2018; among which 22 pharmacists in charge of drug acquisition were selected through judgmental and snowball sampling method. We used exploratory interviews to collect data and by content analysis method, meaning themes and primary units were done during the data collection and interviews. F...
In recent years, the importance of keeping and sharing knowledge in organization have motivated m... more In recent years, the importance of keeping and sharing knowledge in organization have motivated many firms to start knowledge management (KM) projects. However, in reality, many of KM projects have failed or not achieved the planned goals. Lack of infrastructure for knowledge creation are known as one of the important reasons for this failure. Knowledge creation is one of the main level in KM cycle. Knowledge and knowledge creating tools, if well recognized and applied, have a significant role in the success of the KM project. The aim of this study is to identify organizational factors that affect individual knowledge creation in the firm. The systematic literature review resulted in 23 key factors on individual knowledge creation. These factors were classified in five categories namely: organizational culture, strategy, organizational structure, human resources and information technologies. Focusing on these factors, can increase knowledge creation by employees in organization and decrease the rate of KM projects failure.