joseph O petinrin | Universiti Teknologi Malaysia - UTM (original) (raw)

Papers by joseph O petinrin

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022

Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Dec 30, 2020

Poor electricity services remain a major obstacle to growth in Nigeria, as inadequate and epilept... more Poor electricity services remain a major obstacle to growth in Nigeria, as inadequate and epileptic power supply undermines investment opportunity, economic growth, social and infrastructure developments. Centralized power generation, transmission and distribution system operations in Nigeria can no longer deliver competitively cheap and reliable electricity to remote customers on and off the national grid. Anticipated development in generation with a balanced combination of ongrid and off-grid power projects is very achievable in Nigeria. A balanced approach could potentially lead to an accelerated journey to full electrification in the country. This would in turn result in a significant boost of the country's economy, as power has been proven to be an enabler of other sectors of the economy. This paper presents micro grids as a decentralized alternative for rural electrification in Nigeria. The paper reviews the electrification status in Nigeria, power management of micro grid and prospect of renewable energy for rural energy provision. The benefits, challenges and future prospects of micro grid are also discussed. Implementation of decentralized micro grid across 774 local governments of Nigeria with five (5) micro grids installed in each local government will not only improve the wellbeing of Nigerian rural dwellers, but also enhance Nigeria's energy and economic prospects for potential global investment.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016

The high penetration of renewable generations in the distribution system (DS) has introduced more... more The high penetration of renewable generations in the distribution system (DS) has introduced more uncertainties and technical challenges in the operation of the grid-like voltage variation; degraded protection; altered transient stability; two-way power flow; and increased fault level. The reverse power flow due to high penetration of renewable generation may result to voltage rise which distribution network operators (DNOs) may not be able to control effectively. To that effect, this paper therefore reviews the impact of renewable generations such as solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy on distribution system with voltage control strategies. The work reveals that the application of smart grid technologies such as demand side integration (DSI) and energy storage (ES) mitigates voltage variation problems with minimum network reinforcement.

Electric Power Systems Research, 2010

Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Electrical Engineering, 2018

Connection of renewables to the distribution system is growing very rapidly. The inherent uncerta... more Connection of renewables to the distribution system is growing very rapidly. The inherent uncertainty of renewable energy sources, however, can potentially introduce operational conflicts, disrupting the typical operation pattern of local voltage regulation devices and causing system voltage rise beyond the acceptable limits. This paper describes a joint platform to maintain voltage regulation in a distribution network incorporating a large share of PV energy sources. With an objective to improve the voltage profile and minimize feeder losses, the operation of local voltage controllers and energy storage is coordinated. An optimization approach, based on the genetic algorithm, is developed to find out the optimal settings of the load tap-changing transformers and switched shunt capacitors, as well as the optimal dispatch of energy storage. The proposed method is applied to the IEEE 123 test feeder, using time series analysis over a daily, 24 h, simulation period. Test results clearly exhibit that the close coordination between the voltage control devices and energy storage scales back system energy losses, minimizes the interaction among local voltage controllers and prevents reverse power flow. It consequently upholds the voltage at the customer terminals within the statutory limits, under high penetration levels of solar-fueled generation.

2015 IEEE Conference on Energy Conversion (CENCON), 2015

The allure of integrating wind power, as a clean renewable energy source, into distribution grids... more The allure of integrating wind power, as a clean renewable energy source, into distribution grids is usually blurred with its undesirable impacts. These include reverse power flow, voltage rise, and disruption of the normal operation of voltage/VAr (VVAr) control devices. This paper describes a voltage control scheme that coordinates the VVAr control devices along with energy storage to mitigate integration issues associated with wind generation. The proposed voltage control scheme is formulated as a nonlinear programming problem to minimize voltage deviations and power losses. A hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization-Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSOGSA) is used to solve the resulting optimization problem. The solution provides the hourly operation schedule of the VVAr control devices as well as the size and location of the energy storage. Test results confirm the effectiveness the energy storage together with the coordination of the VVAr devices to maintain the system voltage within the prescribed limits.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015

Demographic change, dramatic population increase and rapid industrial growth are major trends eme... more Demographic change, dramatic population increase and rapid industrial growth are major trends emerging in Malaysia. Climate change and depletion of fossil fuel along with the rise in petroleum prices have forced the Malaysian Government to rethink strategies to be more in line with other developed countries including the decision to embark on renewable energy (RE) resources as a better source of energy amongst the global energy mix. The Malaysian Government is making frantic efforts to make policies, RE programmes and incentives more effective so as to promote and develop the use of RE. Malaysia is rich with fossil fuel but these are fast depleting. Although RE is necessary, current RE resources are still not enough. Therefore, exploration into other resources must be considered in order to meet future energy demands. The objective of this paper is to identify the potential of available renewable energy resources in Malaysia as well as the country's current implementation strategies. This paper also discusses the different RE policies in Malaysia. In order to determine the potential of RE, various sources and published materials in conferences, international journals and information released by relevant government bodies and miscellaneous resources are used. This research has revealed that among all the renewable energy sources that are present in Malaysia, biomass and solar energy are the most prospective ones. Plus, renewable energy (RE) sources are quite advantageous as they are free from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and related global warming effects. They can also be applied in off-grid electricity generation for rural communities.

TELKOMNIKA Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2015

Autonomous operation of a microgrid system hinges on the efficient combination of various energy ... more Autonomous operation of a microgrid system hinges on the efficient combination of various energy resources to maintain self-sustainability of energy supply. Furthermore, it is equally important to coordinate the resources to regulate the microgrid voltage profile. The problem becomes more complicated if these resources have intermittent characteristics such as solar PV and wind turbines. The potential for using energy storage promise to have a major impact on schemes for voltage control in a microgrid. A hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization/Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSOGSA) based approach is used in this paper to contemplate the optimum size and location of energy storage to reduce voltage variations and feeder losses caused by PV/wind energy integrated in a microgrid. Effectiveness of the proposed method is implemented through a quasi-static time sequence analysis over a 24-hourly simulation period on autonomous Microgrid system. The corresponding voltage profile is analyzed under different operating conditions, with high penetration level of PV/wind energy. Test results show that the energy storage causes reduction in system losses and enhances system capability to maintain voltages within the permissible limits. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v14i3.7905

International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications, 2017

Increasing demand on electrical energy coupled with lack of new distribution facilities create a ... more Increasing demand on electrical energy coupled with lack of new distribution facilities create a potential threat that can eventually sprawl to jeopardize the distribution system reliability. The variability characteristics of wind energy sources present a fundamental problem to its smooth integration in the distribution feeders, in a large proportion. Energy storage (ES) systems and demand response (DR) technique have the potential to improve the flexibility of distribution network, by allowing two ways of freedom for the distribution network operator (DNO), to support mitigation of demand-supply balance issues, and thereby the share of renewable energy sources (RESs) or improve penetration levels of renewables. By shifting electricity supply and customer demand patterns, this paper applies real time pricing and energy storage not only to significantly increase the penetration of wind energy, but also to offer other important value to shifts demand to times of relatively high renewable energy resources and low load; and by storing energy during off-peak, with less line losses, and redispatching this energy when needed. The results show that real time pricing and energy storage can effectively provide demand-supply benefits to the distribution network and customers.

2012 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon), 2012

ABSTRACT The fundamental way of operating the power grid has not changed for the past century. It... more ABSTRACT The fundamental way of operating the power grid has not changed for the past century. It has remained essentially the same, although the number of consumers and their needs have grown exponentially. Utilities across the world are trying to figure out how to bring the network into the 21st century and the digital computer age. This effort will make the power grid more intelligent; the latter is broadly referred to as the smart grid (SG). However, while modern technologies have transformed much of the economy, the electric industry and in particular the distribution grid has not yet embraced or implemented these technologies. This paper reviews works related to smart grid, presents the need for smart grid technologies by identifying its benefits along with different areas of its application for the realization of reliable and efficient grid structure. Proper utilization of these technologies could bring improvement to the operation of smart grids and possibly eliminate the challenges they encounter.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2014

Nigeria is endowed with abundant energy resources, both conventional and renewable, which can pot... more Nigeria is endowed with abundant energy resources, both conventional and renewable, which can potentially provide the country with a sufficient capacity to meet the ambitions of both urban and rural Nigerians of a full, nationwide electrification level. Yet, Nigeria has one of the lowest consumption rates of electricity per capita in Africa. With the demand superseding the generation, there is inequitable access of rural communities to the electricity service in the country. There are inherent obstacles militating against the effective implementation of an orderly energy policy in Nigeria. The inefficiencies overshadowing the allocation of energy resources coupled with the near depletion of fossil fuels, make it imperative for the country to exploit its huge natural renewable resources to avoid a worsening energy supply scenario and provide feasible electricity to rural dwellers. This paper presents a review of renewable energy potentials in Nigeria to be tapped for useful and uninterrupted electric energy supply. The extent of renewable energy resources is described and existing government policies are articulated. Various polices, that could possibly incentivize the realization of wider renewable energy applications in rural Nigeria, are proposed. The challenges and future prospects of renewable energy are also discussed. Dissemination of decentralized renewable energy resources will not only improve the wellbeing of rural Nigerian communities, but also enhance Nigeria's energy and economic prospects for potential global investment.

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 2016

The exploitation of PV generation offers substantial environmental benefits. Yet, the integration... more The exploitation of PV generation offers substantial environmental benefits. Yet, the integration of these might be problematic due to its variable and intermittent nature. Energy storage can compensate for the deficiencies featured by variable PV systems. This paper provides a mathematical programming based approach for the strategic deployment of energy storage in the feeder circuits to achieve ubiquitous grid benefits. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to solve the problem of appropriate size and location of the energy storage. Quasi-static time sequence analysis is carried out on diurnal basis, to correlate the coincidence of the PV resource output and demand. This will ensure accurate appraisal of storage impacts on the system hour by hour. The proposed approach is implemented on the IEEE 123 node test feeder under various penetration levels and operating scenarios. Results have consistently affirmed that the proposed approach is efficient in maintaining system's voltage profile at various conditions as well as reducing the overall thermal losses.

2014 IEEE Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT ASIA), 2014

ABSTRACT Intermittency of variable renewable generation (VRG) requires time sequence analysis, ov... more ABSTRACT Intermittency of variable renewable generation (VRG) requires time sequence analysis, over a defined interval, to adequately capture VRG characteristics. As the penetration level rises, connected VRGs inject as much energy as the existing resource permits. It is therefore, essential to develop a technique that maintains system voltage profile, and facilitates the smoother integration of VRGs into the grid. This paper describes an approach to coordinate the use of load tap changing (LTC) transformers and switched capacitors (SCs) to improve the system-wide voltage profile due to the penetration of VRGs. Unlike other approaches that tend to optimize the size and location of VRGs, to enhance the grid performance, the proposed approach contends with the status quo of the system, with the added VRGs of different sizes and locations, and administers LTCs and SCs to regulate the system voltage. The IEEE 123 test feeder is considered as the test system in this paper. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated under various test cases through a time sequence analysis over 24-hourly simulation period. The corresponding voltage profile is analyzed under various penetration levels of solar PV.

A system of power generation whereby the generating equipment is located close to the point of us... more A system of power generation whereby the generating equipment is located close to the point of usage, thereby reducing losses and operation cost is called distributed generation (DG). However, it is imperative that DGs are sited such that the quality of power delivered is optimized and the total real power loss within the system minimized. This paper proposes an approach for optimum sizing and siting of DGs sizing in a power distribution system using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. To validate the algorithm the IEEE 30 bus standard test system was employed. A 92% decrease in real power loss within the system relative to the value before the connection of DGs was observed, while the minimum bus voltage increased from 0.656 per unit to 0.965 per unit. The results obtained from ACO are further verified by creating an ETAP model of the IEEE 30 bus system and simulating the impact of DG on the system. A significant reduction in total real power losses within the system and impro...

2013 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Developement, 2013

In this work, a hybrid microgrid framework was created with the assistance of a photovoltaic (PV)... more In this work, a hybrid microgrid framework was created with the assistance of a photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine (WT) generator. Additionally, bidirectional control mechanisms were implemented where an AC system was integrated with permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based WT and a DC system was integrated with a sliding mode algorithm controlled maximum power point tracker (MPPT)-integrated PV system. The wind and PV interconnected microgrid system was mathematically modeled for steady-state conditions. This hybrid microgrid model was simulated using the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform. Optimal load management strategy was performed on a chosen hybrid microgrid system. Various case studies pertaining to connection and disconnection of sources and loads were performed on the test system. The outcomes establish that the system can be kept up in a steady-state condition under the recommended control plans when the network is changed, starting with one working condition then onto the next.

2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon), 2014

Increasing demand on the conventional grid coupled with the unwillingness to add new transmission... more Increasing demand on the conventional grid coupled with the unwillingness to add new transmission facilities, constitute a potential threat that can ultimately sprawl to jeopardize the grid's reliability. Demand response (DR) is a potent smart grid technology that can take care of that perceived threat, instead of constructing more power plants to meet the increasing demand. DR provides electricity consumers with opportunities to manage their electricity usage for the purpose of reducing their electricity bills and alleviating the power peakaverage-ratio. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) based-optimization approach is developed in this paper to consider the optimum scheduling of energy utilization for consumers, participating in the DR program, to reduce voltage deviations and feeder losses. The IEEE 123 test feeder is considered as the test system. Effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through a time sequence analysis over a 24-hourly simulation period. The corresponding voltage profile is analyzed under different operating conditions, with a high penetration level of wind energy. Test results show that the DR tool causes reduction in system losses and enhances system capability to maintain voltages within the permissible limits.

2013 International Conference on Power, Energy and Control (ICPEC), 2013

ABSTRACT This paper presents a method based on analytical approach for real power loss minimizati... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a method based on analytical approach for real power loss minimization of distribution networks by injecting power by the Distributed Generation (DG) operating at a given power factors. This method does not require calculation of Zbus matrix, inverse of Ybus matrix or Jacobean matrix as well as requires less computation time. The proposed method is tested on an IEEE 33-bus radial distribution test system. The results obtained by this proposed method validate the suitability and importance of appropriate DG allocation in power distribution networks for the performance improvement.

Peningkatan kompleksitas dari grid konvensional terkait pertumbuhan penduduk, kemajuan teknologi,... more Peningkatan kompleksitas dari grid konvensional terkait pertumbuhan penduduk, kemajuan teknologi, dan infrastruktur adalah faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi sangat besar terhadap ketidakstabilan, ketidakamanan, dan ketidakefisienan penggunaan energi listrik. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, keberlanjutan energi lingkungan memerlukan penggunaan energi terbarukan untuk keberlanjutan pasokan listrik. Intermitansi dan fluktuasi dari energi terbarukan merupakan tantangan besar pada grid cerdas. Makalah ini mengungkapkan tantangan potensi energi terbarukan pada grid cerdas dan menawarkan solusi dengan penerapan DC tegangan tinggi (HVDC) dan piranti sistem transmisi fleksibel AC (FACTS). Fungsi dan keuntungan dari piranti FACTS disajikan dalam makalah ini. Kendali tegangan dan stabilitas dengan aplikasi FACTS juga dibahas karena FACTS memiliki pengendalian cepat dan kemampuan untuk bertukar daya aktif dan reaktif secara independen.