chaerul basri | Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) (original) (raw)
Papers by chaerul basri
Veterinary World, 2020
Background and Aim: Campylobacter species have been recognized as the most frequently identified ... more Background and Aim: Campylobacter species have been recognized as the most frequently identified bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis. The aims of this study were to identify Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli species isolated from chicken meat and to analyze the differences in the melting curve patterns of both species. Materials and Methods: A total of 105 chicken meat samples collected from slaughterhouses and retailers in six provinces in Indonesia were examined for the isolation and identification of Campylobacter spp. A total of 56 positive isolates of Campylobacter spp. were analyzed using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and high resolution melting method. Results: The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in chicken meat was found to be 61.9%. Regarding the identification, 23 isolates (41.07%) were C. jejuni, 22 (39.29%) were C. coli, six (10.71%) were a mix between C. jejuni and C. coli, and five isolates (8.93%) were Campylobacter spp. All the C. jejuni and C. coli isolates produced varied melting curve patterns. Conclusion: The high prevalence of C. jejuni and C. coli in chicken meat in Indonesia indicates a high risk of the incidence of campylobacteriosis in humans.
Jurnal Sain Veteriner
Escherichia coli merupakan salah satu bahaya biologis yang mempengaruhi keamanan daging kambing ... more Escherichia coli merupakan salah satu bahaya biologis yang mempengaruhi keamanan daging kambing dan domba Kurban. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengukur tingkat kontaminasi dan menentukan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi tingkat cemaran E. coli pada daging kambing dan domba kurban di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari hasil pemeriksaan kesehatan hewan dan daging Kurban. Tingkat kontaminasi E.coli diperoleh dari hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium dengan metode MPN, sedangkan data faktor risiko diperoleh dari penilaian kelayakan tempat kurban menggunakan checklist yang dikembangkan oleh tim Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan IPB University. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square untuk menentukan asosiasi dan rasio odds (OR) untuk mengukur kekuatan asosiasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 66,7% tempat penyelenggaraan kurban telah menghasilkan daging kambing dan domba yang mengandung E. coli dengan level melampaui batas Standar Nasional Indonesia/SNI (1...
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
Here, we performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) on six large flying foxes (Pteropus vampyrus)... more Here, we performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) on six large flying foxes (Pteropus vampyrus) collected in Indonesia. Seventy-five virus species in the liver tissue of each specimen were listed. Viral homologous sequences in the bat genome were identified from the listed viruses. This finding provides collateral evidence of viral endogenization into the host genome. We found that two of the six specimens bore partial sequences that were homologous to the plant pathogens Geminiviridae and Luteoviridae. These sequences were absent in the P. vampyrus chromosomal sequences. Hence, plant viral homologous sequences were localized to the hepatocytes as extrachromosomal DNA fragments. Therefore, this suggests that the bat is a potential carrier or vector of plant viruses. The present investigation on wild animals offered novel perspectives on viral invasion, variation, and host interaction.
Veterinary World
Background and Aim: Rabies is one of the prioritized zoonoses in Indonesia and West Kalimantan is... more Background and Aim: Rabies is one of the prioritized zoonoses in Indonesia and West Kalimantan is one of the rabies-endemic provinces in the country. This study aimed to evaluate a locally-initiated One Health approach to implement rabies prevention and control programs in Pontianak City and Sanggau District (through a bottom-up approach), and the central government initiated a program in Ketapang District (through a top-down approach). Materials and Methods: Data were collected using three focused group discussions involving public health and animal health/veterinary sectors from each district or city. This study collected data from the rabies control program in West Kalimantan from 2014 to 2020. Results: The evaluation results of the rabies prevention and control program in Pontianak City and Sanggau District that used the local initiative approach were considered effective in reducing the number of rabies cases in these areas, and they overcame the challenges, for example, limite...
Erianto Nugroho, R.D. Soejodono, T. Purnawarman , C. Basri, P. Hermans, A.T. Muljono, A.J. Nell 4... more Erianto Nugroho, R.D. Soejodono, T. Purnawarman , C. Basri, P. Hermans, A.T. Muljono, A.J. Nell 4 1 Center for Indonesian Veterinary Analytical Studies (CIVAS) Jl. RSAU No. 4, Atang Sandjaja, Bogor. 16310. West Java Indonesia 2 Department of Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University Jl Agatis. Kampus IPB Dramaga Bogor. 16680. West Java. Indonesia. 3 Central Veterinary Institute, part of Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 65, 8200 Lelystad, The Netherlands 4 Centre for Development Innovation, Wageningen University and Research Centre P.O. Box 88, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
Proceedings of the 1st International Conference in One Health (ICOH 2017), 2018
About 75% of contagious diseases in the world are classified as zoonosis. One among wild animals ... more About 75% of contagious diseases in the world are classified as zoonosis. One among wild animals suspected to spread the disease is bat. Bats have an important role in the spreading of viral diseases. Fruit bat is among bat species that may potentially transmit diseases to human. The transmission of diseases to human population should be associated with the ecology, behavior of bats and bat-human interaction. We observed the fruit bats ecology and behavior in their roosting sites during daytime (from sunrise to sunset) and in human villages area during night. The observation was conducted in Leuweung Sancang National Park, Garut, West Java. Bats often moved around to find a roost that meets their needs. In daytime bats hanged on cave near of beach for taking a rest and in night bats came to plantation in human villages for food. The plantation were cottonwood tree, guava tree, sapodilla tree, mango tree and rubber tree. The dominant behavior activity of bats in groups during daytime was sleeping. Other activities of bats in its group were aggression, self-grooming, wings flapping, biting, playing, fighting and maternal care. The solitary behavior of bats including sleeping and hang-relax or relaxing. The existence of bats interactions (direct contact and body fluid exchange) between individuals in the social behavior and in solitary behavior suggested a possibility of transmission of the agents among the bats such as parasite, bacteria and virus. Based on the observation, human ever had direct contact with bats such as catching and eating the bats or indirectly through contact with the bat feces and or eating the fruit eaten partly by the bats. These direct and indirect contact between human and bat may suggest a possibility of disease transmission to human.
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana
Kejadian kasus tuberkulosis pada manusia di Indonesia dilaporkan masih tinggi. Bovine tuberculosi... more Kejadian kasus tuberkulosis pada manusia di Indonesia dilaporkan masih tinggi. Bovine tuberculosis pada sapi perah diduga turut berperan dalam meningkatkan kasus tuberkulosis karena dapat menular ke manusia (zoonosis). Penularan penyakit ini antar ternak dan ke manusia perlu dikendalikan untuk menurunkan tingkat kejadian kasus. Potensi penularan kasus antar ternak dan ke manusia di suatu wilayah dapat diperkirakan dengan mengombinasikan data pemeriksaan sampel susu dan praktik manajemen peternakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkirakan potensi penularan kasus tuberkulosis pada sapi perah dan manusia di wilayah tengah dan timur Pulau Jawa yang merupakan sentra peternakan sapi perah di Indonesia. Pemeriksaan bakteri Bovine tuberculosis dengan metode PCR konvensional dilakukan terhadap 163 sampel susu dari 92 peternakan yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data praktik manajemen peternakan dikumpulkan melalui wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Potens...
Veterinary World
Background and Aim: African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease and a major viral pig dise... more Background and Aim: African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease and a major viral pig disease that threatens pork production in several locations globally. The mortality rate of ASF in domestic pigs is very high, causing a decrease in pig populations and significant economic losses for farmers. Environmental or ecological risk factors are the most important associated with the spread of the ASF virus. Environmental (or ecological) niche models are commonly used to estimate the probability of an event using the maximum entropy (Maxent) method. This study aimed to estimate the probability risk of future ASF outbreaks in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Secondary data from the National Animal Health System Database (iSIKHNAS), including data on the ASF outbreaks of 2019–2020 in North Sumatra, Indonesia, were used in this study. The first analysis performed involved the identification of environmental risk factors using multiple regression analysis. The second ana...
Jurnal Sain Veteriner, 2021
African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic viral disease that attacks pigs and ... more African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic viral disease that attacks pigs and wild pigs causing economic losses for farms small and large scale. ASF outbreaks that occurred in several regions in the world have caused unrest for the livestock sector. The rapid spread of the ASF virus has resulted in very high pig mortality. ASF virus transmission can occur through direct or indirect contact. Urine and faecal excretion of pigs is an important route of ASF transmission. The ASF virus has three transmission cycles, namely the silvatic, domestic and wild boar cycles. Outbreaks that occur in several countries encourage the strategy of controlling and overcoming the disease through surveillance. ASF disease control that has been carried out includes improving farm biosecurity management systems and limiting the movement of animals and animal products before the ASF vaccine is found.
Wet markets are important for food security in many regions worldwide but have come under scrutin... more Wet markets are important for food security in many regions worldwide but have come under scrutiny due to their potential role in the emergence of infectious diseases. The sale of live wildlife has been highlighted as a particular risk, and the World Health Organisation has called for the banning of live, wild-caught mammalian species in markets unless risk assessment and effective regulations are in place. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a global scoping review of peer-reviewed information about the sale of live, terrestrial wildlife in markets that are likely to sell fresh food, and collated data about the characteristics of such markets, activities involving live wildlife, the species sold, their purpose, and animal, human, and environmental health risks that were identified. Of the 59 peer-reviewed records within scope, only 25% (n = 14) focussed on disease risks; the rest focused on the impact of wildlife sale on conservation. Although there were some global patterns ...
Proceedings of the Conference of the International Society for Economics and Social Sciences of Animal Health - South East Asia 2019 (ISESSAH-SEA 2019), 2019
Since 2017, a zoonoses prevention and control programme has been implemented in four pilot distri... more Since 2017, a zoonoses prevention and control programme has been implemented in four pilot districts in Indonesia adopting a One Health (OH) approach, involving officers from the public health, animal health, and wildlife sectors. After a series of trainings, coordination among sectors has been enhanced and disease information shared among all sectors and used to guide rabies risk mitigation efforts. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the OH capacity building program in the pilot districts of Minahasa, Boyolali, Ketapang and Bengkalis. The initiative was assessed using the questionnaire data collected from each district and utilizing a framework developed by the Network for Evaluation of One Health (NEOH). The OH-index is used as an estimation of the degree to which OH is integrated into the operations and supporting infrastructure of the initiative. The results of this assessment show that the zoonoses prevention and control programme in Indonesia incorporates effectively the OH approach, both in its operations and the associated infrastructure. According to the data collected in four pilot areas, the initiative has a OH-ness index score of 0.74. This number indicates that this programme is a good example of how OH can be implemented in Indonesia.
Jurnal Veteriner, 2018
Brucellosis is one of the constraints in development of animal husbandry in Indonesia and is thou... more Brucellosis is one of the constraints in development of animal husbandry in Indonesia and is thought to have a huge economic impact. This study aimed to calculate the national economic losses cause by brucellosis in livestock in Indonesia. The method of calculating the estimated economic losses used two ways, by calculating the direct losses and by calculating the price of economic externalities. Source of secondary data for the calculation derived from scientific publications, government data, expert opinions, market data, and assumptions that are based on expert discussions. The results showed that by the direct calculation method it is estimated the economic losses at approximately Rp. 3,516,401,986,082 per year whilst by the second method the losses is estimated at Rp. 3,637,773,925,000 per year. Both methods of calculation used give relative similar economic losses estimation. The total loss due to brucellosis is estimated to reach 1.8% of the total value of livestock assets in...
Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 2015
Background: Previously free of rabies, Bali experienced an outbreak in 2008, which has since caus... more Background: Previously free of rabies, Bali experienced an outbreak in 2008, which has since caused a large number of human fatalities. In response, both mass dog culling and vaccination have been implemented. In order to assess potential community-driven interventions for optimizing rabies control, we conducted a study exploring the relationship between dogs, rabies, and the Balinese community. The objectives of this study were to: i) understand the human-dog relationship in Bali; ii) explore local knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) relating to rabies; and iii) assess potential community-driven activities to optimize rabies control and surveillance. Methods: Conducted between February and June 2011, the study combined a questionnaire (n = 300; CI = 95 %; error margin = 5 %) and focus group discussions (FGDs) in 10 villages in the Denpasar, Gianyar, and Karangasem regencies. The questionnaire included a Likert scale to assess community knowledge and attitudes. For the knowledge assessment, three points were given for a correct answer, while wrong answers and uncertain answers were given zero points. For the attitudes assessment, three points were given for a positive answer, two points for a neutral answer, and one point for a negative answer. Respondent knowledge was categorized as good (score >40), fair (score 20-40), or poor (score <20), based on a maximum total score 60. Respondent attitudes were categorized as positive (score >26), neutral (score 13-26), or negative (score <13), based on a maximum total score of 39. Mixed-gender FGDs in each sub-village (banjar) were conducted, each involving 7-15 participants to complement the questionnaire results. On a follow-up research trip in mid-2013, the data analysis was triangulated and validated using semi-structured interviews. Questionnaire data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS 17.0, while qualitative data from interviews and FGDs were analyzed manually according to accepted methods of coding and memo writing. The chi-square test was then used to analyze the statistical relationships between knowledge and attitudes of the respondents.
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2018
Flying foxes are important in the maintenance of forests and diversity. However, knowledge of the... more Flying foxes are important in the maintenance of forests and diversity. However, knowledge of their behavioral ecology, especially of movement and foraging patterns, which are essential for conservation and management of their populations, are not well known. Therefore, movement behavior of two individuals of Pteropus vampyrus were examined using an Argos telemetry system, and foraging pattern of Pteropus spp. was directly observed, at West Java province, Indonesia in October 2017. The maximum distance between the location at which bats were released and their furthest roost, recorded via satellite telemetry, was approximately 100 km. This reflects the long-distance flight ability of P. vampyrus. Daytime roosting sites and nighttime foraging places consisted of several types of habitats, such as intact forests, agricultural lands, and residential areas. This evidence indicated that there was habitat overlap between humans and bats in West Java province. According to direct observation of the behaviors of flying foxes at two locations within residential areas, various activities such as wing spreading, excretion, fighting, aggressive calls, movement, hanging relax, and hanging alert were found. The number of bat-visits to the trees varied among night hours, and had a positive correlation with the number of fruit dropping. The data obtained in this study have improved our understanding of nighttime behavior and habitat utilization of P. vampyrus, that can be used to support landscape management, species conservation, and disease prevention in regions of Southeast Asia.
Forest Ecology and Management, 2006
Forêt des Pins Reserve, a state-owned natural forest in Haiti, has suffered severe degradation du... more Forêt des Pins Reserve, a state-owned natural forest in Haiti, has suffered severe degradation due to an ongoing influx of people seeking fertile agricultural land and off-farm employment opportunities. Participation by local communities in management has widely been considered as a means of sustaining protected areas. The purpose of this study is to examine the setting in which farmers are likely to participate in forest management in Forêt des Pins Reserve using factor analysis and multiple regression equations. Data from 243 farmers inside the Reserve were used in the empirical analysis. Results showed that the participatory management process of Forêt des Pins Reserve can be enhanced by providing information about benefits from the forests, increasing annual income, improving education, strengthening organizational memberships, and increase the involvement of women in the forest management process. Results also revealed that policies designed to improve technical assistance is essential to strengthen farmers' participation in forestry program.
Veterinary World, 2022
Background and Aim: In 2020, Indonesia, which has the highest global production of edible bird... more Background and Aim: In 2020, Indonesia, which has the highest global production of edible bird's nest (EBNs), exported up to 1312.5 tons of this product at a value of USD 540.4 million. Recently, food safety aspects related to EBNs, including contamination with heavy metals, have become a serious concern. However, data on the presence and concentration of heavy metals in EBNs in Indonesia are not yet available. This study aimed to determine and compare the presence and concentrations of arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and tin (Sn) in EBNs originating from several primary Indonesian islands. The study also analyzed the effect of washing on the heavy metal content in EBNs. Materials and Methods: A study on 44 swiftlet farmhouses (SFHs) was conducted to determine the concentrations of heavy metals in EBNs. The number of samples from the SFHs was allocated proportionally to the main EBN-producing islands in Indonesia, that is, Kalimantan, Sumatera, Sulawesi, and...
Mastitis is udder inflammation that can be caused by the entry of pathogenic bacteria through the... more Mastitis is udder inflammation that can be caused by the entry of pathogenic bacteria through the teat. One of the treatments that can prevent bacteria infection is teat dipping. This research was aimed to identify the effect of teat dipping after milking to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Escherichia coli) and the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis by quarter of udder. Milk samples were taken from normal lactation period of dairy cows, clinically healthy, and positive subclinical mastitis status when the intervention was applied. Sixty seven samples of quarters from 18 dairy cows were identified to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis before teat dipping and at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months after teat dipping. Identification of the presence of pathogenic bacteria was done by culturing samples on selective agar media. The presence of common...
Veterinary World, 2020
Background and Aim: Campylobacter species have been recognized as the most frequently identified ... more Background and Aim: Campylobacter species have been recognized as the most frequently identified bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis. The aims of this study were to identify Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli species isolated from chicken meat and to analyze the differences in the melting curve patterns of both species. Materials and Methods: A total of 105 chicken meat samples collected from slaughterhouses and retailers in six provinces in Indonesia were examined for the isolation and identification of Campylobacter spp. A total of 56 positive isolates of Campylobacter spp. were analyzed using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and high resolution melting method. Results: The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in chicken meat was found to be 61.9%. Regarding the identification, 23 isolates (41.07%) were C. jejuni, 22 (39.29%) were C. coli, six (10.71%) were a mix between C. jejuni and C. coli, and five isolates (8.93%) were Campylobacter spp. All the C. jejuni and C. coli isolates produced varied melting curve patterns. Conclusion: The high prevalence of C. jejuni and C. coli in chicken meat in Indonesia indicates a high risk of the incidence of campylobacteriosis in humans.
Jurnal Sain Veteriner
Escherichia coli merupakan salah satu bahaya biologis yang mempengaruhi keamanan daging kambing ... more Escherichia coli merupakan salah satu bahaya biologis yang mempengaruhi keamanan daging kambing dan domba Kurban. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengukur tingkat kontaminasi dan menentukan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi tingkat cemaran E. coli pada daging kambing dan domba kurban di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari hasil pemeriksaan kesehatan hewan dan daging Kurban. Tingkat kontaminasi E.coli diperoleh dari hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium dengan metode MPN, sedangkan data faktor risiko diperoleh dari penilaian kelayakan tempat kurban menggunakan checklist yang dikembangkan oleh tim Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan IPB University. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square untuk menentukan asosiasi dan rasio odds (OR) untuk mengukur kekuatan asosiasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 66,7% tempat penyelenggaraan kurban telah menghasilkan daging kambing dan domba yang mengandung E. coli dengan level melampaui batas Standar Nasional Indonesia/SNI (1...
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
Here, we performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) on six large flying foxes (Pteropus vampyrus)... more Here, we performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) on six large flying foxes (Pteropus vampyrus) collected in Indonesia. Seventy-five virus species in the liver tissue of each specimen were listed. Viral homologous sequences in the bat genome were identified from the listed viruses. This finding provides collateral evidence of viral endogenization into the host genome. We found that two of the six specimens bore partial sequences that were homologous to the plant pathogens Geminiviridae and Luteoviridae. These sequences were absent in the P. vampyrus chromosomal sequences. Hence, plant viral homologous sequences were localized to the hepatocytes as extrachromosomal DNA fragments. Therefore, this suggests that the bat is a potential carrier or vector of plant viruses. The present investigation on wild animals offered novel perspectives on viral invasion, variation, and host interaction.
Veterinary World
Background and Aim: Rabies is one of the prioritized zoonoses in Indonesia and West Kalimantan is... more Background and Aim: Rabies is one of the prioritized zoonoses in Indonesia and West Kalimantan is one of the rabies-endemic provinces in the country. This study aimed to evaluate a locally-initiated One Health approach to implement rabies prevention and control programs in Pontianak City and Sanggau District (through a bottom-up approach), and the central government initiated a program in Ketapang District (through a top-down approach). Materials and Methods: Data were collected using three focused group discussions involving public health and animal health/veterinary sectors from each district or city. This study collected data from the rabies control program in West Kalimantan from 2014 to 2020. Results: The evaluation results of the rabies prevention and control program in Pontianak City and Sanggau District that used the local initiative approach were considered effective in reducing the number of rabies cases in these areas, and they overcame the challenges, for example, limite...
Erianto Nugroho, R.D. Soejodono, T. Purnawarman , C. Basri, P. Hermans, A.T. Muljono, A.J. Nell 4... more Erianto Nugroho, R.D. Soejodono, T. Purnawarman , C. Basri, P. Hermans, A.T. Muljono, A.J. Nell 4 1 Center for Indonesian Veterinary Analytical Studies (CIVAS) Jl. RSAU No. 4, Atang Sandjaja, Bogor. 16310. West Java Indonesia 2 Department of Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University Jl Agatis. Kampus IPB Dramaga Bogor. 16680. West Java. Indonesia. 3 Central Veterinary Institute, part of Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 65, 8200 Lelystad, The Netherlands 4 Centre for Development Innovation, Wageningen University and Research Centre P.O. Box 88, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
Proceedings of the 1st International Conference in One Health (ICOH 2017), 2018
About 75% of contagious diseases in the world are classified as zoonosis. One among wild animals ... more About 75% of contagious diseases in the world are classified as zoonosis. One among wild animals suspected to spread the disease is bat. Bats have an important role in the spreading of viral diseases. Fruit bat is among bat species that may potentially transmit diseases to human. The transmission of diseases to human population should be associated with the ecology, behavior of bats and bat-human interaction. We observed the fruit bats ecology and behavior in their roosting sites during daytime (from sunrise to sunset) and in human villages area during night. The observation was conducted in Leuweung Sancang National Park, Garut, West Java. Bats often moved around to find a roost that meets their needs. In daytime bats hanged on cave near of beach for taking a rest and in night bats came to plantation in human villages for food. The plantation were cottonwood tree, guava tree, sapodilla tree, mango tree and rubber tree. The dominant behavior activity of bats in groups during daytime was sleeping. Other activities of bats in its group were aggression, self-grooming, wings flapping, biting, playing, fighting and maternal care. The solitary behavior of bats including sleeping and hang-relax or relaxing. The existence of bats interactions (direct contact and body fluid exchange) between individuals in the social behavior and in solitary behavior suggested a possibility of transmission of the agents among the bats such as parasite, bacteria and virus. Based on the observation, human ever had direct contact with bats such as catching and eating the bats or indirectly through contact with the bat feces and or eating the fruit eaten partly by the bats. These direct and indirect contact between human and bat may suggest a possibility of disease transmission to human.
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana
Kejadian kasus tuberkulosis pada manusia di Indonesia dilaporkan masih tinggi. Bovine tuberculosi... more Kejadian kasus tuberkulosis pada manusia di Indonesia dilaporkan masih tinggi. Bovine tuberculosis pada sapi perah diduga turut berperan dalam meningkatkan kasus tuberkulosis karena dapat menular ke manusia (zoonosis). Penularan penyakit ini antar ternak dan ke manusia perlu dikendalikan untuk menurunkan tingkat kejadian kasus. Potensi penularan kasus antar ternak dan ke manusia di suatu wilayah dapat diperkirakan dengan mengombinasikan data pemeriksaan sampel susu dan praktik manajemen peternakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkirakan potensi penularan kasus tuberkulosis pada sapi perah dan manusia di wilayah tengah dan timur Pulau Jawa yang merupakan sentra peternakan sapi perah di Indonesia. Pemeriksaan bakteri Bovine tuberculosis dengan metode PCR konvensional dilakukan terhadap 163 sampel susu dari 92 peternakan yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data praktik manajemen peternakan dikumpulkan melalui wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Potens...
Veterinary World
Background and Aim: African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease and a major viral pig dise... more Background and Aim: African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease and a major viral pig disease that threatens pork production in several locations globally. The mortality rate of ASF in domestic pigs is very high, causing a decrease in pig populations and significant economic losses for farmers. Environmental or ecological risk factors are the most important associated with the spread of the ASF virus. Environmental (or ecological) niche models are commonly used to estimate the probability of an event using the maximum entropy (Maxent) method. This study aimed to estimate the probability risk of future ASF outbreaks in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Secondary data from the National Animal Health System Database (iSIKHNAS), including data on the ASF outbreaks of 2019–2020 in North Sumatra, Indonesia, were used in this study. The first analysis performed involved the identification of environmental risk factors using multiple regression analysis. The second ana...
Jurnal Sain Veteriner, 2021
African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic viral disease that attacks pigs and ... more African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic viral disease that attacks pigs and wild pigs causing economic losses for farms small and large scale. ASF outbreaks that occurred in several regions in the world have caused unrest for the livestock sector. The rapid spread of the ASF virus has resulted in very high pig mortality. ASF virus transmission can occur through direct or indirect contact. Urine and faecal excretion of pigs is an important route of ASF transmission. The ASF virus has three transmission cycles, namely the silvatic, domestic and wild boar cycles. Outbreaks that occur in several countries encourage the strategy of controlling and overcoming the disease through surveillance. ASF disease control that has been carried out includes improving farm biosecurity management systems and limiting the movement of animals and animal products before the ASF vaccine is found.
Wet markets are important for food security in many regions worldwide but have come under scrutin... more Wet markets are important for food security in many regions worldwide but have come under scrutiny due to their potential role in the emergence of infectious diseases. The sale of live wildlife has been highlighted as a particular risk, and the World Health Organisation has called for the banning of live, wild-caught mammalian species in markets unless risk assessment and effective regulations are in place. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a global scoping review of peer-reviewed information about the sale of live, terrestrial wildlife in markets that are likely to sell fresh food, and collated data about the characteristics of such markets, activities involving live wildlife, the species sold, their purpose, and animal, human, and environmental health risks that were identified. Of the 59 peer-reviewed records within scope, only 25% (n = 14) focussed on disease risks; the rest focused on the impact of wildlife sale on conservation. Although there were some global patterns ...
Proceedings of the Conference of the International Society for Economics and Social Sciences of Animal Health - South East Asia 2019 (ISESSAH-SEA 2019), 2019
Since 2017, a zoonoses prevention and control programme has been implemented in four pilot distri... more Since 2017, a zoonoses prevention and control programme has been implemented in four pilot districts in Indonesia adopting a One Health (OH) approach, involving officers from the public health, animal health, and wildlife sectors. After a series of trainings, coordination among sectors has been enhanced and disease information shared among all sectors and used to guide rabies risk mitigation efforts. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the OH capacity building program in the pilot districts of Minahasa, Boyolali, Ketapang and Bengkalis. The initiative was assessed using the questionnaire data collected from each district and utilizing a framework developed by the Network for Evaluation of One Health (NEOH). The OH-index is used as an estimation of the degree to which OH is integrated into the operations and supporting infrastructure of the initiative. The results of this assessment show that the zoonoses prevention and control programme in Indonesia incorporates effectively the OH approach, both in its operations and the associated infrastructure. According to the data collected in four pilot areas, the initiative has a OH-ness index score of 0.74. This number indicates that this programme is a good example of how OH can be implemented in Indonesia.
Jurnal Veteriner, 2018
Brucellosis is one of the constraints in development of animal husbandry in Indonesia and is thou... more Brucellosis is one of the constraints in development of animal husbandry in Indonesia and is thought to have a huge economic impact. This study aimed to calculate the national economic losses cause by brucellosis in livestock in Indonesia. The method of calculating the estimated economic losses used two ways, by calculating the direct losses and by calculating the price of economic externalities. Source of secondary data for the calculation derived from scientific publications, government data, expert opinions, market data, and assumptions that are based on expert discussions. The results showed that by the direct calculation method it is estimated the economic losses at approximately Rp. 3,516,401,986,082 per year whilst by the second method the losses is estimated at Rp. 3,637,773,925,000 per year. Both methods of calculation used give relative similar economic losses estimation. The total loss due to brucellosis is estimated to reach 1.8% of the total value of livestock assets in...
Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 2015
Background: Previously free of rabies, Bali experienced an outbreak in 2008, which has since caus... more Background: Previously free of rabies, Bali experienced an outbreak in 2008, which has since caused a large number of human fatalities. In response, both mass dog culling and vaccination have been implemented. In order to assess potential community-driven interventions for optimizing rabies control, we conducted a study exploring the relationship between dogs, rabies, and the Balinese community. The objectives of this study were to: i) understand the human-dog relationship in Bali; ii) explore local knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) relating to rabies; and iii) assess potential community-driven activities to optimize rabies control and surveillance. Methods: Conducted between February and June 2011, the study combined a questionnaire (n = 300; CI = 95 %; error margin = 5 %) and focus group discussions (FGDs) in 10 villages in the Denpasar, Gianyar, and Karangasem regencies. The questionnaire included a Likert scale to assess community knowledge and attitudes. For the knowledge assessment, three points were given for a correct answer, while wrong answers and uncertain answers were given zero points. For the attitudes assessment, three points were given for a positive answer, two points for a neutral answer, and one point for a negative answer. Respondent knowledge was categorized as good (score >40), fair (score 20-40), or poor (score <20), based on a maximum total score 60. Respondent attitudes were categorized as positive (score >26), neutral (score 13-26), or negative (score <13), based on a maximum total score of 39. Mixed-gender FGDs in each sub-village (banjar) were conducted, each involving 7-15 participants to complement the questionnaire results. On a follow-up research trip in mid-2013, the data analysis was triangulated and validated using semi-structured interviews. Questionnaire data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS 17.0, while qualitative data from interviews and FGDs were analyzed manually according to accepted methods of coding and memo writing. The chi-square test was then used to analyze the statistical relationships between knowledge and attitudes of the respondents.
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2018
Flying foxes are important in the maintenance of forests and diversity. However, knowledge of the... more Flying foxes are important in the maintenance of forests and diversity. However, knowledge of their behavioral ecology, especially of movement and foraging patterns, which are essential for conservation and management of their populations, are not well known. Therefore, movement behavior of two individuals of Pteropus vampyrus were examined using an Argos telemetry system, and foraging pattern of Pteropus spp. was directly observed, at West Java province, Indonesia in October 2017. The maximum distance between the location at which bats were released and their furthest roost, recorded via satellite telemetry, was approximately 100 km. This reflects the long-distance flight ability of P. vampyrus. Daytime roosting sites and nighttime foraging places consisted of several types of habitats, such as intact forests, agricultural lands, and residential areas. This evidence indicated that there was habitat overlap between humans and bats in West Java province. According to direct observation of the behaviors of flying foxes at two locations within residential areas, various activities such as wing spreading, excretion, fighting, aggressive calls, movement, hanging relax, and hanging alert were found. The number of bat-visits to the trees varied among night hours, and had a positive correlation with the number of fruit dropping. The data obtained in this study have improved our understanding of nighttime behavior and habitat utilization of P. vampyrus, that can be used to support landscape management, species conservation, and disease prevention in regions of Southeast Asia.
Forest Ecology and Management, 2006
Forêt des Pins Reserve, a state-owned natural forest in Haiti, has suffered severe degradation du... more Forêt des Pins Reserve, a state-owned natural forest in Haiti, has suffered severe degradation due to an ongoing influx of people seeking fertile agricultural land and off-farm employment opportunities. Participation by local communities in management has widely been considered as a means of sustaining protected areas. The purpose of this study is to examine the setting in which farmers are likely to participate in forest management in Forêt des Pins Reserve using factor analysis and multiple regression equations. Data from 243 farmers inside the Reserve were used in the empirical analysis. Results showed that the participatory management process of Forêt des Pins Reserve can be enhanced by providing information about benefits from the forests, increasing annual income, improving education, strengthening organizational memberships, and increase the involvement of women in the forest management process. Results also revealed that policies designed to improve technical assistance is essential to strengthen farmers' participation in forestry program.
Veterinary World, 2022
Background and Aim: In 2020, Indonesia, which has the highest global production of edible bird... more Background and Aim: In 2020, Indonesia, which has the highest global production of edible bird's nest (EBNs), exported up to 1312.5 tons of this product at a value of USD 540.4 million. Recently, food safety aspects related to EBNs, including contamination with heavy metals, have become a serious concern. However, data on the presence and concentration of heavy metals in EBNs in Indonesia are not yet available. This study aimed to determine and compare the presence and concentrations of arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and tin (Sn) in EBNs originating from several primary Indonesian islands. The study also analyzed the effect of washing on the heavy metal content in EBNs. Materials and Methods: A study on 44 swiftlet farmhouses (SFHs) was conducted to determine the concentrations of heavy metals in EBNs. The number of samples from the SFHs was allocated proportionally to the main EBN-producing islands in Indonesia, that is, Kalimantan, Sumatera, Sulawesi, and...
Mastitis is udder inflammation that can be caused by the entry of pathogenic bacteria through the... more Mastitis is udder inflammation that can be caused by the entry of pathogenic bacteria through the teat. One of the treatments that can prevent bacteria infection is teat dipping. This research was aimed to identify the effect of teat dipping after milking to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Escherichia coli) and the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis by quarter of udder. Milk samples were taken from normal lactation period of dairy cows, clinically healthy, and positive subclinical mastitis status when the intervention was applied. Sixty seven samples of quarters from 18 dairy cows were identified to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis before teat dipping and at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months after teat dipping. Identification of the presence of pathogenic bacteria was done by culturing samples on selective agar media. The presence of common...