Dr. Vijayalakshmi K. | The Tamilnadu Dr MGR Medical University (original) (raw)

Papers by Dr. Vijayalakshmi K.

Nursing and Midwifery Research Journal, 2024

Background: Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a method of clinical evaluation w... more Background: Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a method of clinical evaluation which is a competency-based, systematic and objective method for the evaluation of students. The present study was carried out to compare the nursing students' satisfaction between OSCE and Traditional Practical Examination (TPE) in psychiatric nursing at, Chennai, South India. Methods: The study was conducted using the randomized cross-over research design with two groups in a selected Nursing College, Chennai among 84 III-year B.Sc. Nursing students (42 students in each group), were selected using the consecutive sampling technique. The participants were randomly assigned to Group I and Group II based on their second-year university examination scores, using the odd-even method. Data was collected using the baseline characteristics of the students and rating scale on satisfaction of evaluation methods (OSCE and TPE). The data were entered into Excel and analyzed using SPSS for Windows (20.0, IBM Corp) with appropriate statistical tests. Results: Overall students' satisfaction scores were higher in OSCE (98.26 ± 6.44) while comparing to TPE (89.82 ± 7.27, p < .001). Students overwhelmingly perceived positively (strongly agreed) toward OSCE on most of the items on quality of assessment, reliability and validity. Conclusion: The study found that students reported high levels of satisfaction with the OSCE, indicating its effectiveness as an evaluation tool. This suggests that the OSCE contributes positively to students' learning experience and engagement in psychiatric nursing education.

Research facilitates knowledge generation, increases cost savings by assuring a healthier workfor... more Research facilitates knowledge generation, increases cost savings by assuring a healthier workforce, supports better decision making, and contributes to the development of research skills among nurses. This study aimed at assessing the attitude of Nursing Students towards Nursing Research. Methods: This study was conducted using the descriptive correlational research design at selected nursing college, among 50 Students (25 Undergraduate & 25 Postgraduate students) who were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using rating scale on Attitudes towards the Nursing Research through self administration method. Data was analyzed using SPSS-20. Results: There was significant difference in the mean attitude scores of nursing students towards nursing research between Undergraduate(49+5.7)and Postgraduate (56+4.2) students at (p<0.001).Postgraduate students had favorable (Passion) attitude towards research than the Undergraduate students (Pressure). Conclusion: It is important to foster positive attitudes towards nursing research among nursing students who will assume the role of the registered nurses after graduation or post graduation. Incorporating research courses in to the curriculum at the level of higher secondary education would yield more positive experience experiences for students.

International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology. , 2024

Background: Our daily lives depend on sleep, and as we age, our sleep patterns tend to change as ... more Background: Our daily lives depend on sleep, and as we age, our sleep patterns tend to change as well. Most people discover that getting older makes it more difficult for them to fall asleep. Chronic sleep disorders are thought to affect 40-70% of older persons, and up to 50% of cases go misdiagnosed. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the causes of insomnia and the quality of sleep in order to develop strategies for promoting sleep among the senior population in a particular Chennai community .Materials and procedure: The study, which involved 100 senior citizens living in Mel Ayanambakkam, was carried out using a descriptive correlational research design. Pretested and validated instruments, such as the Insomnia Severity Scale, the Health variables proforma, and the Demographic Variables Proforma, were used to gather data. Results: The levels of insomnia, 39% of the elderly population did not have insomnia, 28% of the elderly population had sub threshold insomnia and moderate level of insomnia, only 5% of the elderly population had severe insomnia. There was no significant association between demographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, type of family, leisure time activities and monthly income and quality of sleep (p<0.05).Conclusion: The elderly who experience sleep disturbances will increase the amount of sleep during the daytime, attention and memory problems, depression. Health care professionals especially the nurses, play a vital role in educating the community on importance of sleep among elderly population.

BMC Nursing, 2024

Introduction Understanding the emotional intelligence (EI) and self-esteem of Indian and Saudi nu... more Introduction Understanding the emotional intelligence (EI) and self-esteem of Indian and Saudi nursing students is important because their future nurse-patient relationships may be influenced by factors related to their unique cultural contexts. Hence, this study sought to investigate the EI and self-esteem of nursing students in Saudi Arabia and India. Methods A descriptive-comparative research design was used to compare 660 nursing students from Saudi Arabia and India who were enrolled in the study from September 2022 to January 2023. Nursing students were recruited from University A in Riyadh and University B in Abha, Saudi Arabia, and from University C in India. Results The study found significant differences in EI scores based on year of study (p < .011), age (p < .024), residence (p < .005), and academic performance (p < .008). Students in later years, over 20 years old, from urban areas, and with good grades, had higher EI scores. Conversely, only age showed a significant difference in the self-esteem scores (p < .002). The year of study (p > .670), residence (p > .430), and academic performance (p > .526) did not significantly affect self-esteem. Finally, urban residence and good academic performance were significant predictors of EI (p < .005), while none of the demographics predicted self-esteem (p > .005). Conclusion Higher emotional intelligence among nursing students can be associated with several variables, such as being in the higher years of study, older age, residing in an urban area, and good academic performance, whereas self-esteem appears to be hardly affected by these indicators but probably influenced by other aspects that were not measured. This implies that educators in relation to self-esteem should know the relationship between emotional intelligence and nursing practice besides healthcare establishments; they need to enhance their teaching methods so that learners can have more resilient attitudes towards work, provide quality patient care, and promote a better learning environment for nurses who will become stronger professionally in the future.

RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary, 2024

Emotional intelligence among nursing faculty is vital for modelling effective communication and s... more Emotional intelligence among nursing faculty is vital for modelling effective communication and support for students, fostering a positive learning environment. It also enhances faculty resilience, enabling them to manage stress effectively and provide quality education consistently. This study aimed to assess the the Effectiveness of Neurolinguistic Programme upon Emotional intelligence among Nursing Faculty at Selected Nursing Colleges, Chennai. Methods: The Quasi-Experimental Research design was used to assess the Effectiveness of the Neurolinguistic Programme upon Emotional intelligence among 180 nursing faculty (90-control & 90-intervention group) who were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using tools such as Proforma to assess the Background characteristics of the college faculty, Emotional intelligence Self-evaluation inventory-Schuttee. Collected data were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics like frequency, Mean, SD and inferential statistics such as using one-way ANOVA/t test in SPSS 24. Results: Study findings revealed that there is statistically significant difference in Emotional intelligence scores between Control (102.32/165±18.64) and Interventional group of Faculty in the post test (134.50/165±19.764, p<0.001). ie. Emotional intelligence scores were significantly high in the interventional group than the control group of Faculty, which can be attributed to the effectiveness of Neurolinguistic Programme upon Emotional intelligence nursing faculty. Conclusion: NLP techniques increase emotional intelligence in nursing faculty, promoting compassionate communication and patient care. These benefits extend to teaching, which improves the learning experience for students. Healthcare settings benefit from improved emotional understanding in both patient treatment and educational processes.

The International Journal of Indian Psychology , 2024

The development of students' creativity is a critical aspect of an effective educational system. ... more The development of students' creativity is a critical aspect of an effective educational system. Beyond the classroom, students need to be creative and adaptable to succeed. This study aimed to assess the predictors of creativity among college faculty. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted among 120 faculty working at selected colleges, 60 faculty members from the college of arts and sciences and 60 faculty members from the health care field who were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using tools such as Proforma to assess the Background characteristics of the college faculty and Teaching for Creativity Scales through self-administration method. Faculty were requested to respond and submit their forms through online mode itself. The collected data were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics like frequency distribution, mean, SD and inferential statistics such using one-way ANOVA/t test in SPSS 24. Results: Study findings revealed that there is statistically significant difference in creativity scores between health Care Faculty (80.62/150±14.863) and Arts & Science Faculty (63.37/150±18.644) (p <0.001). i.e. Creativity scores were significantly high in the health Care Institutions than the Arts & Science Faculty. Conclusion: The importance of creativity in education should be incorporated using various approaches such as critical thinking, using technology in education, motivation, involving the students, parents and other stake holders in teaching learning process.

_____________________________________________ *Corresponding Author Ms. Pandiselvi.R, Ph.D Scholar, Apollo College of Nursing, Chennai The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R Medical University Email: naveenpandi88@gmail.com 73 Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the term...

Maternal health refers to the health and well-being of women during pregnancy, childbirth and pos... more Maternal health refers to the health and well-being of women during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period. Respectful maternity care is an important aspect of promoting positive birth experiences, reducing maternal mortality and morbidity, and improving overall maternal and newborn health outcomes. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted to assess the awareness on Respectful Maternity Care among 60 nurses from maternity centres who were selected by consecutive sampling technique. The data was collected using pretested and validated tools such as background variables proforma of nurses and structured knowledge questionnaire on Respectful Maternity Care during labour through self-administration method. Results: The findings of the study revealed that 91.6% of the nurses were in the category of needs improvement regarding the awareness on respectful maternity care, the global mean awareness score was 8.20/25 ± 1.73 (32.8%) and there was a significant association between the number of children and awareness on respectful maternity care during labour at P < 0.05. Conclusion: Health care professionals including nurses play vital role in the implementation of respectful maternity care practices to ensure that all women receive high-quality and dignified care during labour.

International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, 2024

Safe motherhood care is the right of every woman, and it is the responsibility of the welfare sta... more Safe motherhood care is the right of every woman, and it is the responsibility of the welfare state to provide quality maternal health services. Respectful maternity care (RMC) is not only a quality indicator of maternity care, but it also assures that all childbearing women's essential human rights are protected. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the Respectful Maternity Care Practices during labor among 60 nursing personnel from maternity centers who were selected by consecutive sampling technique. The data was collected by observation method, using pretested and validated tools such as background variables proforma of nursing personnel and standardized white ribbon Alliance Charter on Respectful Maternity Care during labor. Results: The findings revealed that 96.7% of the nursing personnel exhibited moderately adequate practice in respectful maternity care. The global mean practice score was 30.60/52 ± 2.76 (58.84%). There was a significant association between selected background variables-age, years of experience, marital status, number of children-and the practice of nursing personnel on respectful maternity care (RMC) during labor (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The implementation of Respectful Maternity Care needs and change of attitudes of nursing personnel who render care during childbirth will address the issue of disrespect and abuse towards women and provide happy and fulfilling experiences for all women during labor.

RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary, 2024

Abstract: PBL is perhaps the most innovative pedagogical method ever implemented in education. It... more Abstract: PBL is perhaps the most innovative pedagogical method ever implemented in education. Its
effectiveness in facilitating student problem-solving and self- directed learning skills has been widely
reported in medical education. It has also become increasingly popular across disciplines in higher
education. It has been applied globally in a variety of professional schools of nursing. This study was
undertaken to assess the Perceived Benefits and Challenges in implementation of Problem Based Learning
(PBL) among Nursing Faculty in Selected Nursing Colleges, Chennai. Methods: A cross sectional,
descriptive correlational study was conducted among 100 Nursing faculty, who were selected through
purposive sampling technique, in nursing colleges of Chennai. Data was collected using the tools such as
background variables proforma and Rating Scales on Perceived Benefits and Challenges in implementation
of PBL in Google survey forms through WhatsApp and E mail. Results: Study findings revealed that Mean
& SD of Benefits on implementation of PBL was 89/120± 9.79 and Perceived Challenges score was
28.68/56± 8.2 among Nursing faculty. Conclusion: Overall study findings revealed that Nursing Faculty had
Positive perception on Benefits in implementation of PBL even though they were also concerned about
some Challenges which can be managed by meticulous planning and implementation of the system.
Therefore, PBL can be effectively incorporated in future also along with traditional teaching method to
facilitate effective teaching and learning process.
Keywords: Benefits, Challenges, PBL, Nursing Faculty

International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM), 2024

Attitudes towards Schizophrenia is a major concern and determinant of quality of mental health ca... more Attitudes towards Schizophrenia is a major concern and determinant of quality of mental health care. Given that nursing students are future health care providers, it is pivotal to improve their attitudes towards individuals with Schizophrenia prior to their transition into clinical practice. Problem Based Learning (PBL) is an instructional method for active learning for nursing students to understand the concept, improve the critical thinking, develop problem solving skills and shape their attitude towards Schizophrenia. This study was aimed to compare the impact of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Vs Conventional Teaching Method (CTM) on Undergraduates Nursing Students' Attitude towards Schizophrenia. Chennai. Methods: This study was conducted using Quasi Experimental Research among 272 Nursing students (PBL Group = 133, CTM = 137), who were selected through enumerative sampling technique, in nursing colleges of Chennai. Students were taught using the PBL and CTM on Schizophrenia. PBL is a student entered approach, where as CTM method is a Lecture cum discussion method. The data was collected by self-administration method using the predetermined, validated & pretested tools such as Background variables proforma of students and Rating Scale on attitude of students towards schizophrenia. Results: Study findings revealed that there was a significant difference in Mean attitude scores towards Schizophrenia between PBL Group (Mean ± SD was 36.56±4.92) and CTM Group (Mean ± SD was 34.45±5.640) in Post test (t=3.28, p < 0.001) which can be attributed to the effectiveness of Problem Based Learning than the conventional teaching method in enhancing the positive attitude towards Schizophrenia among nursing students. Conclusion: Overall study findings revealed that nursing students had Positive attitude & satisfaction about PBL than Conventional teaching Method. Therefore, PBL can be effectively incorporated in future also along with traditional teaching method to facilitate effective teaching and learning process for teaching important disease conditions and concepts.

Depression and Distress among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus during COVID-19 Pandemic, 2024

Depression and distress among patients with diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent and common co m... more Depression and distress among patients with diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent and common co morbidity which are often unrecognized and underdiagnosed. This study was aimed at assessing the depression and distress among patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods and Materials: This study was conducted using cross sectional, descriptive correlational research design, in Dharmapuri and Chennai districts of Tamil Nadu among 150 diabetic patients who were selected using purposive sampling technique. The data was collected using the pretested and predetermined tools such as Demographic variables proforma, clinical variables proforma and Rating scale on COVID 19 Peritraumatic Stress Index Questionnaire using the Google forms through WhatsApp and E-mail. Collected data was analyzed through appropriate descriptive statistics (Frequency, %, Mean and SD) and inferential statistics (Chi Square). Results: Regarding level of depression and distress among patients with diabetes mellitus 80% had some form of depression and 67.3% had some form of distress which varied in degrees. Depression and distress scores were higher with the mean score of depression was 16.9 /35.2 with SD 9.73 and mean score of distress was 16.8/35 with SD 11.05. Depression and distress scores were higher among COVID 19 in self, family members, close relatives, neighbors and patients with family history of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Depression and distress are common co morbidity among patients with diabetes mellitus during COVID 19 pandemic, which can be identified and treated effectively.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM), 2024

Background Sleep problems are very common among senior citizens. Moreover, people living in old a... more Background Sleep problems are very common among senior citizens. Moreover, people living in old age homes were being deprived of love from their families and do not report impaired sleep patterns due to various reasons. Early detection of poor sleep quality and disturbed sleep pattern among senior citizens can prevent or slow down the progression of morbidity and mortality and help them to have a good quality of life. Objective To assess the quality of sleep among senior citizens living in selected old age homes in Chennai. Methods A quantitative research approach was used for this study. Sixty older adults who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were used. Nonprobability convenient sampling technique was used for this study. Standardized instrument-the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) was used to assess quality of sleep, respectively. Results Participants were 60 senior citizens residing in old age home were selected. Further, 6 (10.0%) of the samples had poor quality of sleep, 46 (76.7%) of the samples had fair quality of sleep and 14 (23.3%) of them had good quality of sleep.

International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 2024

Background: Elderly population attitude towards ageing is critical for their adjustment, acceptan... more Background: Elderly population attitude towards ageing is critical for their adjustment, acceptance of health-related behavior, survival and choices. Their attitude influences how they cope with the challenges experienced while ageing, which affects their quality of life and health-related outcomes. This study examines the comparison of the attitude of elderly population residing at old home and home dwelling elderly population. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study among elderly population aged 60-80 years was conducted in a selected old age home and elderly residing at Chennai, TamilNadu. The study participants (40 old age home residents and 40 home residents) were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by interview method using Attitude to Ageing Questionnaire (AAQ) in three domains (psychosocial loss, physical changes and psychological growth). Collected data was analyzed based on the objectives of the study using SPSS 23. Results: A total of 80 elderly populations (40 old age home residents and 40 home dwelling) were selected for the study. The mean age was 42.5 ± 9.3 and 30.0 ± 7.6. Majority (62.5 % and 45.0 %) were males. Overall, home dwelling elderly population had a better attitude to the ageing process in all the domains compared with old age home residents.(psychological growth 32.5/40 ± 3.4 Vs. 35.4/40 ± 3.3, p = 0.30; physical change 27.5/40 ± 5.1 Vs. 36.9/40 ± 5.0, p = 0.03; and psychosocial loss 25.3/40 ± 5.7 vs. 28.0/40 ± 5.3, p = 0.60). The overall domains score was 85.3/120 ± 7.2, p = 0.42 Vs 100.3/120 ± 9.5, p = 0.62. Conclusions: The environment in which elderly individuals live significantly shapes their attitudes towards ageing. Ensuring supportive, respectful, and enriching environment is crucial for fostering positive attitudes towards ageing. Care and interventions should be tailored to address the specific needs of both groups, promoting social integration, healthcare access, and economic stability to enhance their overall quality of life.

International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 2024

Abstract:-  Introduction In multispecialty hospitals, delirium is one of the psychiatric emergen... more Abstract:-
 Introduction
In multispecialty hospitals, delirium is one of the
psychiatric emergency conditions that frequently arise
for medical causes. The safety and healing of the
delirious patient will benefit from the medical team's
prompt attention. When delirious patients are admitted
to medical, intensive care, or emergency rooms, nurses
are the most crucial experts to respond quickly and
confidently. Therefore, it is imperative that the
confidence of nurses in their ability to care for patients
with delirium be assessed immediately. This study was
aimed to assess the level of confidence on care of patient
with delirium among nurses at selected hospital,
Chennai.
 Material & Methods
This study was conducted by using the cross
sectional, correlational research design among 50 nurses
who were selected through purposive sampling technique
in a selected hospital, Chennai, India. A four-point
Likert scale was employed as the rating system to
evaluate the degree of confidence. The selfadministration method was used to collect data.
 Results
Most of the nurses had low level of confidence
(70%) for caring of delirious patients and all the nurses
had below average level of mean% with their confidence
levels in both knowledge and skills.
 Conclusion
The majority of nurses require education and
training to boost their confidence in their ability to care
for patients with delirium in terms of both knowledge
and practice. Nurses working in multispecialty hospitals
will be fully confident in their ability to deliver highquality nursing care after studies employing a variety of
novel ways on nursing care for patients with delirium
are implemented.
Keywords:- Confidence, Care, Nurses, Patient, Hospital,
Delirium, Delirious Patient

International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT), 2024

Introduction: The assessment and management of patients who have attempted suicide present diffic... more Introduction: The assessment and management of patients who have attempted suicide present difficulties for nurses working in multispecialty hospitals because of routine job pressure and a lack of time for continuing education. Thus, in order to plan to raise the knowledge competency of nurses, it is critical to evaluate the current state of this field by gauging the nurses' degree of understanding on the care of patients who have attempted suicide. This study was aimed to assess the level of knowledge on care of patient with attempted suicide among nurses at selected hospital, Chennai. Material & Methods: This study was conducted by using the cross sectional, correlational research design among 50 nurses who were selected through purposive sampling technique in a selected hospital, Chennai, India. A structured questionnaire was employed to assess the nurses' knowledge regarding the management of patients who have attempted suicide. Data was gathered through self-administration. Results:Most of the nurses were in category of needs improvement (90%) in knowledge and the mean, mean% and standard deviation for knowledge score of nurses were 3/10, 30% & 1.125 respectively. Conclusion: The majority of nurses require further education in order to provide care for patients who have attempted suicide. Studies on the best ways to educate and train nurses working in multispecialty hospitals should be conducted in the future to ensure that patients who have attempted suicide receive high-quality nursing care.

International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology, 2021

Urinary Incontinence (UI) is a loss of bladder control and most often it is consider as an embarr... more Urinary Incontinence (UI) is a loss of bladder control and most often it is consider as an embarrassing problem. Most of the people who are affected with urinary incontinence will not come out with their problem unless it is investigated. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and risk factors of Urinary Incontinence among geriatrics residing in old age home in Kanyakumari District, India This was a crosssectional study conducted among 47 female aged above 50 years residing in old age home who were selected using purposive sampling technique, in 2020-21 in Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu, India. Each participant gave consent and was subjected to screening for urinary incontinence using International continence society female urinary incontinence questionnaire. The prevalence of urinary incontinence among study participant were 81% (30/37). Urinary Incontinence was significantly associated with age, parity, type of delivery and history of UTI.

Key Words: Prevalennce, Risk Factors, Geriatrics, Urinary Incontinence, Associated Factors

International Jl of Advance Research in Nursing, 2021

Background: A research was conducted to assess the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy on an... more Background: A research was conducted to assess the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy on anxiety among B.Sc. (N) I year students in selected nursing colleges, Chennai, India. A quasi experimental pre-test post-test design was used in this study. Sixty nursing students were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data collection was performed using Beck anxiety scale, socio-demographic performa and rating scale on level of satisfaction on virtual reality therapy. The collected data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent t test and chi square test. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy on anxiety among B.Sc. (N) I year students in selected nursing colleges, Chennai, India. Research design: Quasi experimental design (pre-test post-test design) was used in the study. Results: The findings related to pre-test and post test revealed that the level of anxiety in control group was moderate (40%, 50%). On the other hand, most of the students (43.3%, 76.6%) in the experimental group had a moderate level of anxiety before therapy and mild level of anxiety after therapy. The mean anxiety score of control group of nursing students in the pretest was (22.5 ± 9.12) and that of post-test was (2211.48) in which, the difference is not significant (p>0.05), whereas in experimental group the mean anxiety score is lesser in post-test than pre-test (22.1 ± 9.2), (11.26 ± 6.2) which is statistically significant (p<0.001). It can be attributed to the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy on reducing anxiety. There was no significant association between the selected demographic variable and the level of anxiety in control group. Hence the null hypotheses (Ho2) was retained. The students from the rural background experienced more anxiety than those from urban background in the experimental group before virtual reality therapy. Hence the null hypotheses (Ho2) was rejected.

Key Words: VirtualReality Therapy, Anxiety, Students

University Journal of Nursing Sciences, 2017

Depression is a major public health problem that is twice as common in women as men during the ch... more Depression is a major public health problem that is twice as common in women as men during the childbearing years. A case control study was conducted to assess the risk factors of postpartum depression among the postnatal mothers in the selected corporation health centers at Chennai. Research Methodology: A retrospective case control study was conducted at a corporation health center in Saidapet, Chennai with the Sample size of 256 using purposive sampling technique. Tools such as a validated Tamil version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Checklist of obstetrical risk factors and psychosocial risk factors were used to collect the data. Results: Findings revealed that among 256 postnatal mothers, 23% of the mothers were depressed (cases) and, 18% were in the borderline depression (controls) and 59% had no postpartum depression (controls). Among demographic risk factors of Postpartum Depression, illiteracy was found to be the significant risk factor. None of the obstetrical variables were found to be the significant risk factors of postpartum depression. Psychosocial factors such as history of Depression, anxiety, psychosis during this pregnancy, unhappy married life, history of major life events in the last one year, financial difficulties, Problems with in laws, lack of Support from the husband and others were found to be the significant risk factors of postpartum depression. Conclusion: Since the prevalence of the postpartum depression is high needs of the postnatal must be addressed adequately especially with regard to psychosocial factors.

Key Words" Risk Factors, Post partum Depression, Post Natal Mothers