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Conference Presentations by Dr Mohammed Issam Laaroussi

The deterioration of the situation in Libya gives the impression that the events of the past thre... more The deterioration of the situation in Libya gives the impression that the events of the past three years explain the failure of the West's approach to achieving stability. Instead, the country has been plunged into a civil war due to the lack of an effective central authority that was able to protect Libya from falling into chaos.

Papers by Dr Mohammed Issam Laaroussi

It is obvious that the combination both of domestic and international factors have provoked radic... more It is obvious that the combination both of domestic and international factors have provoked radical changes in regional security system. It has been commented that Middle East has witnessed the implementation of new strategies, competition for hegemony and reconstructing alliances, particularly in the sub-regions: The Gulf and North Africa. Furthermore, terrorism and proxy wars are the most significant threat in the current regional security system. The security landscape for the region must start by identifying the threats and challenges to the existing security mechanisms. We must first ask what these new and evolving threats are. We may want to start by observing that the current structure is too state-centric and that threats defined by global actors often do not reflect local actors' sensitivities and threat perceptions. We may consequently distinguish local, regional and global worries from one another. Based on current conflict's in the region, regional actors' perceptions toward the Iranian threat seems to be different from the Western one. We cannot ignore the Iranian military involvement in Syria and Yemen and its prominent role, backed by Russian air forces, to keep the balance of power inSyriàs civilian war in favor of Asaad's regime. As the 'Global War on Terror' showed us, global threats ignore regional interests and threat perceptions. This may also suggest that new security mechanism should be established after establishing whether it should rest on the state pillar. We can also see some changes that have already taken place on the

Dubai – Morocco's Parliamentary elections 2016 was the second election since the kingdom adopted ... more Dubai – Morocco's Parliamentary elections 2016 was the second election since the kingdom adopted constitutional reforms in 2011 which was designed to calm the forces calling for reform after the protests during the Arab Spring uprisings. The Justice and Development Party (PJD) won the election in 2011 and has led the government since then. It was the first-time King Mohammed IV had allowed an Islamist group to take power. Although the reformed constitution has shifted some powers to the elected government, King Mohammed IV retained ultimate authority. The October 2016 legislative elections were uneventful, at least on the surface. There was rivalry between the PJD and the secular Party of Authenticity and Modernity PAM, widely regarded as close to the palace, this rivalry, which has consumed public debate, overshadows the unaddressed (overlooked) structural social and economic issues that have plagued the country for a long time. PJD which leads Morocco's coalition government has been invested an ideological conflict with other opposition political parties and within the coalition, therefore the PJD works in a challenging political environment. Further, some believe that behind the scenes, the " Makhzen " has been attempting to weaken the PJD's popularity. In fact, although the party rode the wave of the Arab Spring to power, " the deep state " still sees the PJD as a temporary appendage to the stability of the system. Are the elections still considered as available tool for PJD to achieve its political ends in a suchMoroccòs confused political domestic space-which no one

Il est indéniablement vrais que la politique étrangère américaine suscite plus que jamais trop d... more Il est indéniablement vrais que la politique étrangère américaine suscite plus que jamais trop de bruit mediatique, due aux dérapages de Donald Trump jugés racistes ou discriminatoires prevallant le slogan “America First”. Le président américain se présentait en tant qu'extrême garant de la sécurité américaine faisant de cela une cause de vie et de mort, cela lui permettra de canaliser la prise de décision et de schématiser de nouveau les priorités américaines. Par exemple La reconnaissance officielle de trump de la ville d'Al Qods comme capitale d'Israël, rompre avec la politique suivie depuis des décennies par ses prédécesseurs républicains et démocrates sur la question du statut de la ville sainte, l'adoption des lois interdisant l'accès des migrants provenant des foyers des tensions et sa position vit-à vis des crises de Moyen-Orient en Syrie, yémen, Irak et la crise entre Qatar et ses voisins.

Despite the fact that China is mostly an economic power, China's foreign policy toward the Middle... more Despite the fact that China is mostly an economic power, China's foreign policy toward the Middle East still adopts a skeptical strategy based on traditional principles of isolation and no military and political interference in the region of tremendous influence. China has been for long decades interested only in strengthening economic partnerships with Middle Eastern countries. It Is currently facing real challenges to build a political and military commitment towards the region, restored a deep understanding of the geopolitical transformations currently happening in the region. Relatively, China does not compete with Washington and Moscow politically and militarily to fight terrorism, make an end to the chaos prevailing some areas of tension and to find a strategic footprint in the region. Middle East is well-known as a home to various conflicts. Religious conflicts, national conflicts, and economic conflicts mingle together, which has caused several local wars. This region has become a source of terrorism and religious extremism. Due to the lack of a dominant power, the regional powers — Turkey, Iran, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, even Iraq — struggle with each other over the leadership of Middle East. The conflicts between small and middle powers frequently result in intervention from regional powers and outside ones. Outside powers often support different countries, religions, or religious sects to secure their own benefits.