kapil ghosh | Tripura University (original) (raw)

Papers by kapil ghosh

Khoj : an international peer reviewed journal of geography/Khoj : the research journal of Prakriti The Geography Association, 2023

The present study is focused on showing the relationship between structural control and drainage ... more The present study is focused on showing the relationship between structural control and drainage characteristics for establishing active tectonic influence on the drainage network in the piedmont zone of the Sikkimese-Bhutanese Himalaya, between the Chel and Neora rivers. The entire area is divided into two parts, based on the tributaries and the main river-one is the Chel river basin and the other is the Neora river basin. Two dissected fan surfaces are present-the Gorubathan-Rangamati fan surface and the Matiali-Chalsa fan surface. Satellite images and DEM data have been processed using different softwares. Lineaments and scarps have been identified based on the flow path of the rivers. Topographic cross sections and long profiles have been generated from the DEM. Rivers have been digitized from satellite images, watersheds and thalwegs have been generated from the DEM, and drainage patterns have been mapped to observe their relation with relief. A morphometric study has been conducted by observing the mountain front sinuosity (Smf), valley floor width to height ratio (Vf), asymmetry factor of the river basin (AF), concavity and slope of the river channel, hypsometric curve, sinuosity index (SI), and stream length gradient index (SL) index which differ significantly in different parts of the study area. The values of the morphometric indices in the Chel basin are Smf>4<5, AF>21<22, Concavity>0.011<0.012 indicating that this basin is tectonically inactive, asymmetric and the river is in a senile state. On the other hand the values in the Neora river basin are-Smf<2, AF<11, Concavity<0.05 which indicates that it is slightly tectonically active with a marked break of slope in the long profile of the Neora river-This river basin is nearly symmetric and possibly eroded in nature. The SI and SL indices also yield significant results, consistent with the outcomes of the previous morphometric indices. In many parts of the study area, stream courses are directed and influenced by lineaments. Any changes in tectonics of this region may have an influence on the development of the drainage network.

Sustainable water resources management, Mar 18, 2024

Forum Geografi

Slums are one of the urban problems that continue to get the attention of the government and the ... more Slums are one of the urban problems that continue to get the attention of the government and the city of Yogyakarta. Over time, cities continue to experience changes in land use due to population growth and migration. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the existence of slums continuously. The objectives of this study are to conduct early identification of the slum using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) Algorithm, which is applied to the Pleiades Image in parts of Yogyakarta City, to test the accuracy of the slum mapping results generated from the SVM compared to the Slum Map of the KOTAKU Program. The data used are Pleiades Image, administrative maps, and existing slum maps of the KOTAKU Program, which are used to test the accuracy. The method used is Machine Learning with a Support Vector Machine Algorithm. The parameters used for early identification of the slums are the characteristics of the object (characteristics of buildings), settlement (density and shape), and the enviro...

Sustainable Water Resources Management

Sustainable Development Goals Series, 2022

The objective of the present paper is to validate the Bank Erosion and Hazard Index (BEHI) model ... more The objective of the present paper is to validate the Bank Erosion and Hazard Index (BEHI) model for the assessment of bank erosion with the values obtained from the cross sections along the Haora River of Tripura. The BEHI is an empirical bank erosion model, useful for estimating bank erosion of any small river, since it is intensively field based and helps to assess the erosion risk based on several parameters related to the river course. Data of different parameters for 60 spots along both banks of the River Haora within the Indian Territory have been generated for estimating bank erosion through BEHI model. 30 cross sections through such 60 spots have been obtained through field survey for 3 consecutive years and superimposed to estimate the amount of bank erosion empirically. From the comparative study between the values obtained through BEHI model and cross sections of the same places, it is found that the amount of bank erosion is identical for more than 75% cases that proves...

The Sadar Subdivision as well as the Haora river Basin is the most economically developed region ... more The Sadar Subdivision as well as the Haora river Basin is the most economically developed region of West Tripura. Various small scale industries (84 numbers) have grown up in the basin among which brick industry has highest share. Most of the brickields are of recent origin. The SOI Topographical sheet of 1932 (1:63360) and US Army Sheet of 1956 (1:250,000) do not show the existence of any brickield. From Google Map of 2005, several ield visits (since January 2010) and secondary literatures it is found that 62 brick ields are located within the Sadar division of these 57 are located in Haora Basin between Chandrasadhubari at Champaknagar to Jirania towards Agartala. Although brick ields constitute a major part of the industrial activity in Haora Basin area, it adversely affects the portion of river channel as well as its tributaries. Most of the brick ields in the study area were constructed after 1990. Since then the river has been affected by increasing pollution and sedimentation...

Progress in Disaster Science, 2020

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

International Journal of Geosciences, 2013

Soil erosion is one of the most important environmental problems, and it remains as a major threa... more Soil erosion is one of the most important environmental problems, and it remains as a major threat to the land use of hilly regions of Tripura. The present study aims at estimating potential and actual soil loss (t•h −1 •y −1) as well as to indentify the major erosion prone sub-watersheds in the study area. Average annual soil loss has been estimated by multiplying five parameters, i.e.: R (the rainfall erosivity factor), K (the soil erodibility factor), LS (the topographic factor), C (the crop management factor) and P (the conservation support practice). Such estimation is based on the principles defined in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) with some modifications. This intensity of soil erosion has been divided into different priority classes. The whole study area has been subdivided into 23 sub watersheds in order to identify the priority areas in terms of the intensity of soil erosion. Each sub-watershed has further been studied intensively in terms of rainfall, soil type, slope, land use/land cover and soil erosion to determine the dominant factor leading to higher erosion. The average annual predicted soil loss ranges between 11 and 836 t•h −1 •y −1. Low soil loss areas (<50 t•h −1 •y −1) have mostly been recorded under densely forested areas.

Geomorphology, 2013

The main objective of the paper is to find the probable causes behind the shifting course of the ... more The main objective of the paper is to find the probable causes behind the shifting course of the Haora River, one of the major rivers of West Tripura and detachment of one of its major tributaries, the Katakhal River. From a recent satellite image, we observed that the River Haora has changed its course drastically near the confluence. Earlier, it used to take a sharp northward bend to meet with the River Titas immediately after crossing the Indo-Bangladesh border; but presently it is flowing westward to do so. Moreover, the Katakhal River, a right bank tributary of the River Haora, that used to flow through the northern side of the city of Agartala and meet with the River Haora at Bangladesh, is no longer a tributary of the Haora River. Now it is completely detached from the Haora River and meets with the River Titas separately. Spatiotemporal maps have been used to detect the changes. Field investigation, with the help of GPS, has been done in order to find the link between the Haora River and the Katakhal River within the Indian territory. Changing patterns of the Haora and Katakhal River confluences are also analysed, and earlier courses are identified. The shifting trends of both of these two rivers are found along the flanks of the interfluvial area because of microscale tectonic activity, i.e., upliftment of the interfluvial zone.

IARJSET, 2019

The present study is focused on assessment and analysis of spatio-temporal variation of rainfall ... more The present study is focused on assessment and analysis of spatio-temporal variation of rainfall during last three decades (1986-2018). Rainfall data of eight rain gauge stations in North district, Sikkim have been considered for analysing. Study of rainfall depth shows that it is ranging from 925 mm. to 3389 mm and ten nos. zoned has been identified. Coefficient variation (CV) of annual rainfall varies from 11.95% to 42.00% whereas the CVs of monsoonal rainfall vary from 14.87% to 49.46% which reveals that the monsoonal variability is higher than the annual variability. Rain erosivity map shows that the highest rain erosivity zone occurs in the southeastern and southern part of the study area. There is great variation in monthly rainfall in different year and it is ranging between 100 percent negative deviation and 131% positive deviation from normal monthly rainfall.

With the rapid growth of population, design and construction of taller buildings are being emphas... more With the rapid growth of population, design and construction of taller buildings are being emphasized now-a-days. Especially the design of the group of tall buildings is economic to take care of the housing problem of the huge population. As buildings become taller, effect of wind on them also increases. In this research work, experiments have been conducted to investigate the wind effect on a combination of pentagonal and hexagonal cylinders. The test was conducted in an open circuit wind tunnel at a Reynolds number of Re = 4.22 × 104 based on the face width of the cylinder across the flow direction in a uniform flow velocity of 13.5 m/s. A pentagonal cylinder was placed in the upstream and another two hexagonal cylinders were in the downstream. The transverse and longitudinal spacing between the cylinders were varied and the surface static pressures at the different locations of the cylinders were measured with the help of inclined multi-manometers. From the measured values of surface static pressures, ...

Procedia Engineering, 2015

In this research work, an experimental investigation of wind effect on hexagonal cylinder was car... more In this research work, an experimental investigation of wind effect on hexagonal cylinder was carried out. The study was performed on the single cylinder. The test was conducted in an open circuit wind tunnel at a Reynolds number of 4.22 x 10 4 based on the face width of the cylinder across the flow direction in a uniform flow velocity of 13.5 m/s. The test was carried out at various angles of attack from 0° to 50° at a step of 10°. The surface static pressures at the different locations of the cylinder were measured with the help of inclined multi-manometers. The wind velocity was kept constant at 13.5 m/s. The pressure coefficients were calculated from the measured values of the surface static pressure distribution on the cylinder. Later the drag and lift coefficients were obtained from the pressure coefficients by the numerical integration method. The results will enable the engineers and architects to design buildings more efficiently. Since the results will be expressed in the non-dimensional form they may be applied for the prototype building.

Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2014

In this research work, an experimental investigation of wind effect on pentagonal cylinders was c... more In this research work, an experimental investigation of wind effect on pentagonal cylinders was carried out. The study was performed on the single cylinder in an open circuit wind tunnel at a Reynolds number of 4.22 x 104 based on the face width of the cylinder across the flow direction in a uniform flow velocity of 13.5 m/s. The test was carried out at various angles of attack from 0° to 63° at a step of 9°. The surface static pressures at the different locations of the cylinder were measured with the help of inclined multi-manometers. The wind velocity was kept constant at 13.5 m/s. The pressure coefficients were calculated from the measured values of the surface static pressure distribution on the cylinder. Later the drag and lift coefficients were obtained from the pressure coefficients by the numerical integration method. The results will enable the engineers and architects to design buildings more efficiently. Since the results will be expressed in the nondimensional form they...

Procedia Engineering, 2014

In this research work, an experimental investigation of wind effect on pentagonal and hexagonal s... more In this research work, an experimental investigation of wind effect on pentagonal and hexagonal staggered cylinders was carried out. The study was performed on the group consisting of three cylinders, arranged in staggered form, one pentagonal cylinder in the upstream and another two hexagonal cylinder in the downstream side. The test was conducted in an open circuit wind tunnel at a Reynolds number of 4.22 x 10 4 based on the face width of the cylinder across the flow direction in a uniform flow velocity of 13.5 m/s. The group of three cylinders was taken into consideration for the study and the surface static pressures were measured for various transverse spacing of 2D, 3D, 5D and longitudinal spacing of 1D, 2D, 4D, 6D, 8D, where D is the width of the cylinder across the flow direction. The surface static pressures at the different locations of the cylinder were measured with the help of inclined multi-manometers.The pressure coefficients were calculated from the measured values of the surface static pressure distribution on the cylinder. Later the drag and lift coefficients were obtained from the pressure coefficients by the numerical integration method. The results will enable the engineers and architects to design buildings more efficiently. Since the results will be expressed in the non-dimensional form they may be applied for the prototype building.

Environment and Earth Observation, 2016

The landslide susceptibility map delineates the potential areas of landslide occurrence which is ... more The landslide susceptibility map delineates the potential areas of landslide occurrence which is considered to be the first step for landslide hazard management. The present study focuses on the spatial analysis of landslide susceptibility in the Dhalai district using the Geographical Information System (GIS). For this purpose, landslide susceptibility maps are prepared using weight-rating and Analytical Hierarchical Processes (AHP). To analyze landslide manifestation in the present study area, different causative factors (lithology, road buffer, slope, relative relief, rainfall, fault buffer, land-use/land-cover, and drainage density) are derived as layers. The final susceptibility zonation map of weight-rating method shows that about 1.64 and 16.68 % of the total study area falls under very high and high susceptibility zones respectively. In the AHP method, the five landslide susceptibility zones are very low which accounted 14.8 % (354.35 km2) is, low 38.91 % (932.01 km2), moderate 34.75 % (832.37 km2), high 6.03 % (144.39 km2), and very high 5.51 % (131.87 km2). Both susceptibility maps show that the high susceptibility zone is restricted within the structural hilly areas and the low susceptibility zone is in the flood plain areas of the district. Both of the susceptibility maps are validated using the existing landslide distribution in the area.

Successful landslide management plans and policy depends on in-depth knowledge about the hazard a... more Successful landslide management plans and policy depends on in-depth knowledge about the hazard and associated risk. Thus, the present research is intended to present an integrated approach involving uses of geospatial technologies for landslide hazard and risk assessment at different scales (site specific to regional level). The landslide hazard map at regional scale (district level) is prepared by using weight-rating based method. To analyze landslide manifestation in the Dhalai district of Tripura different causative factor maps (lithology, road buffer, slope, relative relief, rainfall, fault buffer, landuse/landcover and drainage density) are derived. The analysis revealed that the geological structure and human interference have more influence than other considered factors on the landslide occurrences. The landslide susceptibility zonation map shows that about 1.64 and 16.68% of the total study area is falling under very high and high susceptibility zones respectively. The landslide risk assessment at district level is generated by integrating hazard scouring and resource damage potential scouring (fuzzy membership values) maps. The values of landslide risk matrix are varying within the range of 0.001 to 0.18 and the risk assessment map shows that only 0.45% (10.80 km2) of the district is under very high risk zone, whereas, about 50% pixels of existing road section are under very high to high level of landslide risk. The major part (94.06%) of the district is under very low to low risk zone. Landslide hazard and risk assessment at site specific level have been carried out through intensive field investigation in which it is found that the Ambassa landslide is located within 150 m buffer zone of fault line. Variation of geo-electrical resistivity (2.2Ωm to 31.4Ωm) indicates the complex geological character in this area. Based on the obtained geo-technical result which helps to identify the degree of risk to the existing resource, it is appropriate to implement the management plans such as construction of sub-surface drainage, extension of retaining walls, cutting/filling of slope in scientific manner.