Irene E | Tomsk State University (original) (raw)
Papers by Irene E
The news environment in advanced industrial democracies is undergoing a tremendous series of chan... more The news environment in advanced industrial democracies is undergoing a tremendous series of changes driven in a large part by the emergence, spread and evolution of the internet. The once ubiquitous scenario of a string of national, regional and local news outlets with largely captive audiences and secure revenue streams has fundamentally altered. In a period of fifteen years, the net has helped to further deterritorialize news markets, reconfigure media competition, fragment audiences, transform news reception and content production, and has forced a reassessment of journalistic roles. It is this rapid period of evolution and its consequences for news and the wider democratic public sphere which forms the main focus of this chapter.
This article examines the deeply contested approaches of 'political Islam' towards modern democra... more This article examines the deeply contested approaches of 'political Islam' towards modern democracy in Bangladesh, the third largest Muslim country in the world, where sharia law is not the source of public law and where a democratic government is in place. Selecting the political manifestos and constitutions of three different infl uential Islamist parties, the Jamat e Islami Bangladesh, Hizbut Tahrir Bangladesh and Jamatul Mujahedeen Bangladesh, the study examines through discourse analysis why Islamists take such a hostile approach towards democracy. At fi rst sight, Islamists desire the establishment of an alternative governing system, such as the Caliphate, to replace the present parliamentary system of governance in Bangladesh. Islamists also advocate a change of state philosophy from 'People's Republic of Bangladesh' to an 'Islamic State', arguing that sharia should be the legal framework of the country. The key fi nding of this research, however, is that Political Islam in Bangladesh is also perceived as a reaction to globalisation and that this global aspect, in theory and practice, may be more powerful as a reactive agent than local/national politics.
This paper combines theory and empirical analysis to explore recent systemic change in the nature... more This paper combines theory and empirical analysis to explore recent systemic change in the nature of political communication. Drawing on evidence from Britain and the United States on the changing relationships among politicians, media, and publics, I argue for the concept of the hybrid media system. This system is built upon interactions among old and new media and their associated technologies, genres, norms, behaviors, and organizations. Actors in the hybrid media system are articulated by complex and evolving power relations based upon adaptation and interdependence. We now require a holistic approach to the role of information and communication in politics-one that does not exclusively focus on new or old media, but instead empirically maps where the distinctions between new and old matter, and where they do not. The focus of my attention in this article is news. First, I outline an ontology of hybridity. Next, I discuss assemblages of hybridized news making. Then I examine the phenomenon of WikiLeaks as an example of power and interdependence in the construction of news. This paper combines theory and empirical analysis to explore recent systemic change in the nature of political communication. Drawing on evidence from Britain and the United States on the changing relationships among politicians, media, and publics, I argue for the concept of the hybrid media system. This system is built upon interactions among old and new media and their associated technologies, genres, norms, behaviors, and organizations. Actors in the hybrid media system are articulated by complex and evolving power relations based upon adaptation and interdependence. We now require a holistic approach to the role of information and communication in politics-one that does not exclusively focus on new or old media, but instead empirically maps where the distinctions between new and old matter, and where they do not. This is a cross-sectional slice of an ongoing project (Chadwick, forthcoming). The focus of my attention in this article is news. I proceed as follows. First, I outline an ontology of hybridity. Next I discuss the assemblages of hybridized news making in the "political information cycle." Then I examine the phenomenon of WikiLeaks as an example of power and interdependence in the construction of news.
Digital media have made a strong appeal to people wanting to improve democracy right from the sta... more Digital media have made a strong appeal to people wanting to improve democracy right from the start. Four waves of utopian visions of the last 25 years are described. The concept of digital democracy is defined. Subsequently, six views of both representative and direct democracy are distinguished that favor particular applications of digital media in politics and government. The next paragraph makes an inventory of the claims and achievements of 25 years of attempts to realize digital democracy in the field of information provision, online discussion and decision making. It appears that information provision is the best realized claim. The final part of this chapter is about eParticipation in politics and policy. It discusses both government-and citizen-centric applications. Citizen-centric applications appear to be the most successful. Generally speaking, eparticipation has not been successfully incorporated in institutional politics and government.
Analysis how to use Internet influence to the process of political communication, marketing and t... more Analysis how to use Internet influence to the process of political communication, marketing and the management of public relations, what kind of online communication methods are used by political parties, and to assess satisfaction, means of communication and the services they provide to their party's voters (people) and other interest groups and whether social networks can affect the political and economic changes in the state, and the political power of one party.
The news environment in advanced industrial democracies is undergoing a tremendous series of chan... more The news environment in advanced industrial democracies is undergoing a tremendous series of changes driven in a large part by the emergence, spread and evolution of the internet. The once ubiquitous scenario of a string of national, regional and local news outlets with largely captive audiences and secure revenue streams has fundamentally altered. In a period of fifteen years, the net has helped to further deterritorialize news markets, reconfigure media competition, fragment audiences, transform news reception and content production, and has forced a reassessment of journalistic roles. It is this rapid period of evolution and its consequences for news and the wider democratic public sphere which forms the main focus of this chapter.
This article examines the deeply contested approaches of 'political Islam' towards modern democra... more This article examines the deeply contested approaches of 'political Islam' towards modern democracy in Bangladesh, the third largest Muslim country in the world, where sharia law is not the source of public law and where a democratic government is in place. Selecting the political manifestos and constitutions of three different infl uential Islamist parties, the Jamat e Islami Bangladesh, Hizbut Tahrir Bangladesh and Jamatul Mujahedeen Bangladesh, the study examines through discourse analysis why Islamists take such a hostile approach towards democracy. At fi rst sight, Islamists desire the establishment of an alternative governing system, such as the Caliphate, to replace the present parliamentary system of governance in Bangladesh. Islamists also advocate a change of state philosophy from 'People's Republic of Bangladesh' to an 'Islamic State', arguing that sharia should be the legal framework of the country. The key fi nding of this research, however, is that Political Islam in Bangladesh is also perceived as a reaction to globalisation and that this global aspect, in theory and practice, may be more powerful as a reactive agent than local/national politics.
This paper combines theory and empirical analysis to explore recent systemic change in the nature... more This paper combines theory and empirical analysis to explore recent systemic change in the nature of political communication. Drawing on evidence from Britain and the United States on the changing relationships among politicians, media, and publics, I argue for the concept of the hybrid media system. This system is built upon interactions among old and new media and their associated technologies, genres, norms, behaviors, and organizations. Actors in the hybrid media system are articulated by complex and evolving power relations based upon adaptation and interdependence. We now require a holistic approach to the role of information and communication in politics-one that does not exclusively focus on new or old media, but instead empirically maps where the distinctions between new and old matter, and where they do not. The focus of my attention in this article is news. First, I outline an ontology of hybridity. Next, I discuss assemblages of hybridized news making. Then I examine the phenomenon of WikiLeaks as an example of power and interdependence in the construction of news. This paper combines theory and empirical analysis to explore recent systemic change in the nature of political communication. Drawing on evidence from Britain and the United States on the changing relationships among politicians, media, and publics, I argue for the concept of the hybrid media system. This system is built upon interactions among old and new media and their associated technologies, genres, norms, behaviors, and organizations. Actors in the hybrid media system are articulated by complex and evolving power relations based upon adaptation and interdependence. We now require a holistic approach to the role of information and communication in politics-one that does not exclusively focus on new or old media, but instead empirically maps where the distinctions between new and old matter, and where they do not. This is a cross-sectional slice of an ongoing project (Chadwick, forthcoming). The focus of my attention in this article is news. I proceed as follows. First, I outline an ontology of hybridity. Next I discuss the assemblages of hybridized news making in the "political information cycle." Then I examine the phenomenon of WikiLeaks as an example of power and interdependence in the construction of news.
Digital media have made a strong appeal to people wanting to improve democracy right from the sta... more Digital media have made a strong appeal to people wanting to improve democracy right from the start. Four waves of utopian visions of the last 25 years are described. The concept of digital democracy is defined. Subsequently, six views of both representative and direct democracy are distinguished that favor particular applications of digital media in politics and government. The next paragraph makes an inventory of the claims and achievements of 25 years of attempts to realize digital democracy in the field of information provision, online discussion and decision making. It appears that information provision is the best realized claim. The final part of this chapter is about eParticipation in politics and policy. It discusses both government-and citizen-centric applications. Citizen-centric applications appear to be the most successful. Generally speaking, eparticipation has not been successfully incorporated in institutional politics and government.
Analysis how to use Internet influence to the process of political communication, marketing and t... more Analysis how to use Internet influence to the process of political communication, marketing and the management of public relations, what kind of online communication methods are used by political parties, and to assess satisfaction, means of communication and the services they provide to their party's voters (people) and other interest groups and whether social networks can affect the political and economic changes in the state, and the political power of one party.