Miftahu Idris | Taraba State University, Jalingo (original) (raw)
Papers by Miftahu Idris
Energy access is a key factor in economic development and social welfare, especially in developin... more Energy access is a key factor in economic development and social welfare, especially in developing countries like Nigeria, where energy poverty is widespread. Despite being Africa's largest economy, Nigeria faces ongoing energy challenges, including unreliable supply, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access, with over 85 million people lacking electricity. These energy deficiencies negatively affect productivity, healthcare, education, and overall citizen welfare. At the same time, Nigeria is committed to global climate goals, such as the Paris Agreement, which requires reducing greenhouse gas emissions through a transition to renewable energy. This balancing act between expanding energy access and meeting climate commitments presents a significant challenge. This study evaluates the impact of Nigeria's energy crisis and climate policies on citizen welfare using secondary data from 1986 to 2023. Econometric analysis reveals that while energy shortages severely limit welfare outcomes, climate policies, if not carefully managed, could increase socioeconomic inequalities. The study recommends expanding investments in renewable energy, upgrading infrastructure, promoting energy efficiency, and adopting off-grid solutions to improve energy access. Additionally, policies must integrate climate objectives with socioeconomic development to prevent the further marginalization of vulnerable populations. Strengthening international collaboration and accessing climate finance are crucial to supporting Nigeria's energy transition.
The new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are widely perceived as major tools for... more The new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are widely perceived as major tools for kick-starting ailing economies and consequently assist developing societies `catch up' with the developed world, including those groups that have lost out of the mainstream of development. This study examined the impact of the digital economy on youth unemployment in Nigeria. The study adopts an ex post facto research design, utilizing pre-existing time series data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) for the years 2000 to 2023. Data analysis techniques such as descriptive statistics and regression analysis are employed to explore the relationship between variables. The findings indicate that the digital economy has a significant impact on youth unemployment in Nigeria, with approximately 67.3% of the variation in youth unemployment being explained by the digital economy variable. The inclusion of the digital economy variable improves the model's performance, as evidenced by higher coefficient of determination (R²) and lower Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The study also reveals a positive relationship between the rate of youth unemployment and youth unemployment itself. While ICT usage does not show a statistically significant relationship, the percentage change in GDP is found to be significant. Recommendations include enhancing digital skills development, fostering entrepreneurship and start-up support, improving internet access and infrastructure, promoting digital financial inclusion, collaborating with the private sector and encourage collaboration between educational institutions and industries.
This study examined the impact of primary health care services on under-five mortality rate in Ni... more This study examined the impact of primary health care services on under-five mortality rate in Nigeria from 1993 to 2023. Secondary data were sourced from the United Nation International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization (WHO) and National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) Bulletins, covering the period from 1993 to 2023. The study adapted the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag technique (ARDL) which is robust autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity issues. The data set were first tested for stationarity properties to avoid spurious regression estimates using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test and Phillips-Perron (PP) test. In addition, the study employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) Bound test to investigate long-run relationship that exist among variables included in the study and determined the impact of Disease Surveillance, Health education, Children Immunization Enrolment and Antenatal enrolment on child mortality rate in Nigeria. The ARDL Bound testing confirmed that, there is long-run relationship among the variables of the study. In the long-run Disease Surveillance, Health education, Children Immunization Enrolment and Antenatal enrolment suggest negative and significant coefficient at (5%) level, the study recommended that government should urgently elicit the cooperation of all relevant stakeholders in terms of surveillance and set up policies for the prevention of the estimated output loss that could result if the disease prevalence is not controlled. In addition, Government should invest more in health education as well as free adult education where mothers can have access to education, provision and subsidization of vaccines for children under 5 so as to improve immunization coverage.
The study examined the impact of child healthcare investment on infant mortality in Nigeria. Seco... more The study examined the impact of child healthcare investment on infant mortality in Nigeria. Secondary data covering the period from 1995 to 2023 were used for the study. The data set were first tested for stationarity properties to avoid spurious regression estimates using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test. In addition, the study employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) Bound test technique to ascertain long-run relationship between public healthcare investment and infant mortality as well as examine the impact of healthcare investment relating to child support programmes (CSPINV), children immunization (IMMINV), improving Nutrition (NUTINV) and education (EDUINV) on infant mortality in Nigeria. The ARDL Bound testing confirmed that, there is long-run relationship between healthcare expenditure and infant mortality in Nigeria for the period of study. The ARDL long-run coefficients further confirmed that, public investment on child support programmes (CSPEX) and improving Nutrition (NUTINV) exhibited long run positive impact on infant mortality in Nigeria. On the other hand, public investment on children immunization (IMMINV) and education (EDUINV) exhibited long-run negative impact on child mortality in Nigeria. The estimated co integration error correction term (ECT) was negative and statistically significant indicating that, the speed of adjustment at which the previous year's shock of the explanatory variables converging back to the long-run equilibrium in the current year is approximately 31%. In line with the findings, the study recommended for the Nigerian government to make concerted efforts towards proper health-fund coordination to enhance nutrition security, corroborate with traditional, non-governmental as well as international organization to intensify sensitization on immunization programs and activities, mobilize and monitor disbursement of funds meant to finance programmes that will support child rights, healthy development and general wellbeing of the children.
Jalingo Journal of Social and Management Sciences, 2024
This study examined the relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in Niger... more This study examined the relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in Nigeria covering the sample period of 1986 to 2021 using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and Causality Test. The ARDL results indicated that in the short run electricity consumption is negatively related to economic growth at the 5% level of significance, while electricity generation is positively related to economic growth in the short run at the 5% level of significance. In the long run electricity consumption is positively related to economic growth at the 5% level of significance. The causality test result showed that there is a unidirectional causation from electricity consumption to economic growth in Nigeria during the period covered by the study. The study recommends sustained efforts by both the government and private entities to improve generation, efficient transmission and distribution of electricity to the key productive sectors such as manufacturing, and small and medium enterprises in order to have sustained growth in output in the long run that would lead to economic growth in Nigeria.
MAUTECH Journal of Economic Studies , 2023
Journal of Economics and Finance , 2023
Journal of Economics and Finance, 2023
Journal of Economics and Finance, 2023
Jigawa Journal of Social and Management Sciences, 2023
The paper examined the impact of insecurity on socioeconomic development of Takum Local Governmen... more The paper examined the impact of insecurity on socioeconomic development of Takum Local Government Area of Taraba State. To obtained data for the study, survey and observation methods were utilised. In addition, questionnaire and key informant interview were adopted in generating the required data for the study. The semi-structured questionnaires were designed in such a way that respondents were asked closed and open ended questions concerning the study. Population of this study is estimated at 133,500 respondents, and out of which four hundred and twenty (420) questionnaires were issued to respondents using the Taro Yamani's formulae of sampling distribution. Of the total questionnaire distributed, 416 representing 98.8% were collected back and found usable. Purposive sampling technique was used in the selection of respondents. The data obtained from respondents was analysed using both descriptive statistics. Findings of the study revealed that financial loss, expenditure on security, loss of revenue as the economic effects while restriction of freedom, psychological trauma, mistrust, bad image to the nation among others as the social effects of insecurity in the area. The study therefore recommend tightening of security measures at the borders, youth employment and empowerment, enactment of strict legislation against insecurity, effective law enforcement among others as the measure that can curtail the extent of insecurity in Takum LGA,
Jigawa Journal of Social and Management Sciences, 2023
This study investigated the nexus between government expenditure, Inflation and economic growth i... more This study investigated the nexus between government expenditure, Inflation and economic growth in Nigeria. Employing the correlation analysis to estimate the model specified. Using time series data of 42years period (1981-2022). The variables used for the study include Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which was adopted as the dependent variable while government expenditure (GovEXP), Inflation (INF) and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) represents the independent variables. Three (3) objectives were formulated for the study and three (3) hypotheses were also prepared in line with the objectives. Ex-post facto research design was employed and the time series data was generated from CBN statistical Bulletin annual report and analyzed using correlation analysis, Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) Bound testing technique and unit root test utilizing Augmented Dickey-Fuller approach and ARDL co-integration to examine the long run and short run relationship that exist between the variables in Nigeria. The study finds that government expenditure has a positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria in both short and long run. Inflation has a negative and statistically significant influence on economic growth in Nigeria in the long run while foreign direct investment has a positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. The study recommends among others that government should increase its expenditure in order to enhance economic growth in the country. A high Inflation rate should be discouraged in order to achieve economic growth and Foreign direct investment should be enhanced through increasing government incentives to investors in the country.
Asian research journal of arts & social sciences, Jan 10, 2017
Jigawa Journal of Social and Management Sciences, 2023
The study examined the effect of export trading on economic growth in Nigeria. This study, as one... more The study examined the effect of export trading on economic growth in Nigeria. This study, as one of the empirical investigations on the impact of export trading on economic growth in Nigeria has provided a good understanding of the level of impact that export has on the growth of Nigeria's economy with particular reference to oil and non-oil export. The study covered the period of 1996 to 2021 and time series data obtained from CBN were used. The econometrics tools used in this study include; multiple regressions and Granger Causality test which were used to determine the level of impact that one variable has on the other as well as the direction of causality between them. The result arising from our findings indicates that oil export positively and significantly impacted on the growth of Nigeria's economy for the period under review. It was also shown in the result that non-oil export has a positive and significant impact on GDP. The result of the granger causality test indicates that there is unidirectional causality between oil export and GDP. This finding is in line with that of Odusola and Akinlo (2015), Ekpo and Egwaikhide(2014) and Idowu(2015) who used the traditional Granger causality test in examining whether the growth led-export hypothesis is valid for Nigeria. The results of the study indicated that a unidirectional relationship between exports and economic growth exists in Nigeria. Based on this, we conclude that growth-led-export hypothesis is applicable in the Nigeria context with particular reference to oil export. Therefore to improve the living standard of the populace emphasis should not be directed only to the export sector of the economy but should be far reaching as the growth in the economy also has the potential to drive the export sector of the economy.
EKSU Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2023
This study examined the impact of electronic banking innovation on economic growth in Nigeria ove... more This study examined the impact of electronic banking innovation on economic growth in Nigeria over the period of 2008-2022 using time series data. The study employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) Bound test technique to examine the long-run relationship between the study variables. It further employed granger causality test to test for causal relationship between the variables used in the model. The ARDL Bound testing confirmed that, there was long-run relationship between electronic banking innovation and economic growth in Nigeria for the period of study. The ARDL long-run coefficients further confirmed that, Automated Teller Machine (ATM) and Internet Banking (ITB) has positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. On the other hand, the study confirmed that Mobile Banking Service (MBS) and Point of Sale (POS) has negative and statistically significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of the study. The pair wise granger causality test proved unidirectional causality running from point of sale and internet banking to economic growth. Therefore, it was recommended that financial institutions and government should work with relevant sectors to ensure secured transactions over different platforms and ensure that transactions through electronic banking innovations platforms are reliable and secured for end bank customers.
EKSU Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2023
The study examined the cost of healthcare delivery services among major healthcare service provid... more The study examined the cost of healthcare delivery services among major healthcare service providers in Taraba State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were: to assess the average cost of managing common ailments in primary facilities in Taraba State; assess the average cost of managing common ailments in secondary facilities in Taraba State; assess the cost of managing common ailments in tertiary facilities in Taraba State; and compare the average cost of healthcare service delivery among the three (3) major service providers in Taraba State. Relevant literatures related to the topic were reviewed. A descriptive survey design was used for this study. A questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument. The study relied on both primary and secondary data. The population of this study consist of 37 healthcare facilities in Ardo-Kola and 57 healthcare facilities in Jalingo Local Government within a specified period (Quota i.e July-September) in some selected facilities in Taraba State. Data collected was analyzed using logistic regression technique. The study revealed that the average cost of treating uncomplicated malaria is less in primary healthcare centres despite low patronage. Treatment of uncomplicated Malaria in secondary healthcare centres is found to be less when compared to Tertiary healthcare centres. Similarly, Management of Typhoid is most cost effective in Primary Healthcare centres and also less in secondary healthcare centres when compared to tertiary health centres in Taraba state. In the same vein management of uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections and Hypertension as revealed by the study is more cost effective in Primary healthcare centres than in secondary and tertiary healthcare centres respectively as can be seen in the charts in chapter four.The study recommended that proactive efforts should be made by government and stakeholders to equip healthcare facilities most especially, the primary healthcare facilities and educate the public on this finding for a better patronage which will lead to improve access to healthcare delivery services in the state as a whole.
The study examined impact of malnutrition on under-5 children mortality rate in Nigeria. The obje... more The study examined impact of malnutrition on under-5 children mortality rate in Nigeria. The objectives of the study include evaluating the impact of Stunting, wasting and underweight on under-five child mortality Rate. Under the methodology the study adopted ADF test of Stationary properties of the series, Test of exogeneity, Selection of lag length, Selection of optimal model, general modelling, Bound test for co-integration, Estimation of long run coefficients and granger Causality Test so as to realize its intended purposes. The findings of this study shows that all variable obtain stationary by taking the first difference and the estimation results reveal significant coefficient at all of 1%, 5% and 10% in the long-run. The estimation result of MTR indicates a positive and significant coefficient. This means that a one percent increase in stunting results to 0.04 per cent increase in mortality rate. The result of wasting indicates a positive and significant coefficient. This means that a one percent increase in wasting results to a 0.28 percent increase in the in a long run. The result of underweight indicates a negative and significant coefficient; this implies that underweight increases mortality rate accordingly. Base on the above finding the following the study recommendations: Practice of exclusive breastfeeding should be encouraged and nursing mothers should be adequately educated to ensure that the infants receive both the fore and hind breast milk for proper growth. Health workers in post-natal care should undergo special training on breastfeeding to enable them provide a scientifically sound nutrition to nursing mothers beyond the basic knowledge they acquired when in training. Ensure appropriate complementary feeding, which promotes growth and prevents stunting among children 6-24 months.
The study analyzed the impact of Government Health Expenditure on child mortality in Nigeria data... more The study analyzed the impact of Government Health Expenditure on child mortality in Nigeria data for this study was sourced from National Bureau for Statistics, WHO and the Central Bank of Nigeria. The study employed Auto Regressive Distributed Lag Model to analyse the data collected including Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root for stationary testing. The study utilized the ARDL technique which is robust to autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity. From the estimation, findings show that capital government health expenditure has a negative and statistically significant effect on child mortality in Nigeria in both short and long run. The longrun co-integrating parameter estimates indicate that an increase in capital government health expenditure reduces child mortality. The findings from the analysis also revealed that the independent variable recurrent government health expenditure has a negative and statistically significant effect on child mortality in Nigeria in the long run. The long-run estimation parameter estimates, results opined that an increase recurrent government health expenditure decreases child mortality in Nigeria. This result is consistent with established theories that when government increases its expenditure in health sector, quality increases and mortality rate reduce. Similarly, the independent variable maternal literacy has a negative and statistically significant effect on child mortality in Nigeria. Results of the research revealed that government investment on healthcare has a greater influence on the growth and development of any economy. This implies that the absence of good health investment can affect the quality of life in a country. The study recommended that government should increase its capital health expenditure in order to reduce mortality rate in the country. Similarly, Government recurrent health expenditure should be enhanced, in order to motivate all health personnel in giving their full commitment.
This study examined the impact of financial development and economic growth on poverty reduction ... more This study examined the impact of financial development and economic growth on poverty reduction in middle-income African countries using panel data from 1990 to 2021. The study was limited to Botswana, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Tunisia. Im, Pesaran and Shin unit root test and Pedroni cointegration test approach were used for data analysis. Also, data were analysed using Panel ARDL model based on MG and PMG estimators proposed by Peseran and Smith (1995) and Peseran, Smith and Shin (1999). Results of the unit root test shows the variables are stationary of mixed order, while cointegration test indicates that the variables are linearly cointegrated in the long run. The study revealed that financial development proxy by broad money as share of GDP and broad money as ratio to reserve contributed to poverty reduct ion in the long the-run. On the other hand, Economic growth proxy by gross domestic product per capita also contributed to poverty reduction in the long run. On the contrary, financial development proxy by domestic credit to private sector as share of GDP had detrimental impact of poverty. To reduce poverty, the study recommended the need for the middle-income countries to implement long run sustainable financial and growth policies. Also, there is need for the implementation of sustainable financial policies that will encourage more credits to private sector at single digit interest rate to promote inclusive financial system, grow the economy and increase income redistribution and reduction in poverty.
This study explored the impact of entrepreneurship training on unemployment reduction in Nigeria.... more This study explored the impact of entrepreneurship training on unemployment reduction in Nigeria. The study collected data from the archive of World Development Indicators (WDI) and the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) spanning the period of 1990 to 2021. The important variables that the study considered relevant indicators of unemployment reduction were vocational and technical skills The data were subjected to series of econometric test before the final estimation of the ARDL. The result showed that graduate enrollment in vocational skill acquisition and ease of doing business impact on unemployment reduction. Furthermore, the coefficient of ECT-1 is found to be negatively and statistically significant a 1% threshold as expected. The size and statistically significance of the coefficient on the error correction model measures the tendency of each variable to return to the equilibrium. This implies the existence of long-run and short-run relationship between graduate enrollment in vocational skill acquisition, ease of doing business and unemployment rate In Nigeria. As a matter recommendations Graduates should be encouraged leaving out shame to avail themselves with the skills acquisition opportunities available to them. This can be achieved by providing entrepreneurship training centers, mentorships programs, loans, grants, startup capitals etc. and also institutions giving loan should provide interest free loan scheme for graduate undergoing skills acquisition training to start up their business.
Energy access is a key factor in economic development and social welfare, especially in developin... more Energy access is a key factor in economic development and social welfare, especially in developing countries like Nigeria, where energy poverty is widespread. Despite being Africa's largest economy, Nigeria faces ongoing energy challenges, including unreliable supply, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access, with over 85 million people lacking electricity. These energy deficiencies negatively affect productivity, healthcare, education, and overall citizen welfare. At the same time, Nigeria is committed to global climate goals, such as the Paris Agreement, which requires reducing greenhouse gas emissions through a transition to renewable energy. This balancing act between expanding energy access and meeting climate commitments presents a significant challenge. This study evaluates the impact of Nigeria's energy crisis and climate policies on citizen welfare using secondary data from 1986 to 2023. Econometric analysis reveals that while energy shortages severely limit welfare outcomes, climate policies, if not carefully managed, could increase socioeconomic inequalities. The study recommends expanding investments in renewable energy, upgrading infrastructure, promoting energy efficiency, and adopting off-grid solutions to improve energy access. Additionally, policies must integrate climate objectives with socioeconomic development to prevent the further marginalization of vulnerable populations. Strengthening international collaboration and accessing climate finance are crucial to supporting Nigeria's energy transition.
The new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are widely perceived as major tools for... more The new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are widely perceived as major tools for kick-starting ailing economies and consequently assist developing societies `catch up' with the developed world, including those groups that have lost out of the mainstream of development. This study examined the impact of the digital economy on youth unemployment in Nigeria. The study adopts an ex post facto research design, utilizing pre-existing time series data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) for the years 2000 to 2023. Data analysis techniques such as descriptive statistics and regression analysis are employed to explore the relationship between variables. The findings indicate that the digital economy has a significant impact on youth unemployment in Nigeria, with approximately 67.3% of the variation in youth unemployment being explained by the digital economy variable. The inclusion of the digital economy variable improves the model's performance, as evidenced by higher coefficient of determination (R²) and lower Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The study also reveals a positive relationship between the rate of youth unemployment and youth unemployment itself. While ICT usage does not show a statistically significant relationship, the percentage change in GDP is found to be significant. Recommendations include enhancing digital skills development, fostering entrepreneurship and start-up support, improving internet access and infrastructure, promoting digital financial inclusion, collaborating with the private sector and encourage collaboration between educational institutions and industries.
This study examined the impact of primary health care services on under-five mortality rate in Ni... more This study examined the impact of primary health care services on under-five mortality rate in Nigeria from 1993 to 2023. Secondary data were sourced from the United Nation International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization (WHO) and National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) Bulletins, covering the period from 1993 to 2023. The study adapted the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag technique (ARDL) which is robust autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity issues. The data set were first tested for stationarity properties to avoid spurious regression estimates using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test and Phillips-Perron (PP) test. In addition, the study employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) Bound test to investigate long-run relationship that exist among variables included in the study and determined the impact of Disease Surveillance, Health education, Children Immunization Enrolment and Antenatal enrolment on child mortality rate in Nigeria. The ARDL Bound testing confirmed that, there is long-run relationship among the variables of the study. In the long-run Disease Surveillance, Health education, Children Immunization Enrolment and Antenatal enrolment suggest negative and significant coefficient at (5%) level, the study recommended that government should urgently elicit the cooperation of all relevant stakeholders in terms of surveillance and set up policies for the prevention of the estimated output loss that could result if the disease prevalence is not controlled. In addition, Government should invest more in health education as well as free adult education where mothers can have access to education, provision and subsidization of vaccines for children under 5 so as to improve immunization coverage.
The study examined the impact of child healthcare investment on infant mortality in Nigeria. Seco... more The study examined the impact of child healthcare investment on infant mortality in Nigeria. Secondary data covering the period from 1995 to 2023 were used for the study. The data set were first tested for stationarity properties to avoid spurious regression estimates using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test. In addition, the study employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) Bound test technique to ascertain long-run relationship between public healthcare investment and infant mortality as well as examine the impact of healthcare investment relating to child support programmes (CSPINV), children immunization (IMMINV), improving Nutrition (NUTINV) and education (EDUINV) on infant mortality in Nigeria. The ARDL Bound testing confirmed that, there is long-run relationship between healthcare expenditure and infant mortality in Nigeria for the period of study. The ARDL long-run coefficients further confirmed that, public investment on child support programmes (CSPEX) and improving Nutrition (NUTINV) exhibited long run positive impact on infant mortality in Nigeria. On the other hand, public investment on children immunization (IMMINV) and education (EDUINV) exhibited long-run negative impact on child mortality in Nigeria. The estimated co integration error correction term (ECT) was negative and statistically significant indicating that, the speed of adjustment at which the previous year's shock of the explanatory variables converging back to the long-run equilibrium in the current year is approximately 31%. In line with the findings, the study recommended for the Nigerian government to make concerted efforts towards proper health-fund coordination to enhance nutrition security, corroborate with traditional, non-governmental as well as international organization to intensify sensitization on immunization programs and activities, mobilize and monitor disbursement of funds meant to finance programmes that will support child rights, healthy development and general wellbeing of the children.
Jalingo Journal of Social and Management Sciences, 2024
This study examined the relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in Niger... more This study examined the relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in Nigeria covering the sample period of 1986 to 2021 using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and Causality Test. The ARDL results indicated that in the short run electricity consumption is negatively related to economic growth at the 5% level of significance, while electricity generation is positively related to economic growth in the short run at the 5% level of significance. In the long run electricity consumption is positively related to economic growth at the 5% level of significance. The causality test result showed that there is a unidirectional causation from electricity consumption to economic growth in Nigeria during the period covered by the study. The study recommends sustained efforts by both the government and private entities to improve generation, efficient transmission and distribution of electricity to the key productive sectors such as manufacturing, and small and medium enterprises in order to have sustained growth in output in the long run that would lead to economic growth in Nigeria.
MAUTECH Journal of Economic Studies , 2023
Journal of Economics and Finance , 2023
Journal of Economics and Finance, 2023
Journal of Economics and Finance, 2023
Jigawa Journal of Social and Management Sciences, 2023
The paper examined the impact of insecurity on socioeconomic development of Takum Local Governmen... more The paper examined the impact of insecurity on socioeconomic development of Takum Local Government Area of Taraba State. To obtained data for the study, survey and observation methods were utilised. In addition, questionnaire and key informant interview were adopted in generating the required data for the study. The semi-structured questionnaires were designed in such a way that respondents were asked closed and open ended questions concerning the study. Population of this study is estimated at 133,500 respondents, and out of which four hundred and twenty (420) questionnaires were issued to respondents using the Taro Yamani's formulae of sampling distribution. Of the total questionnaire distributed, 416 representing 98.8% were collected back and found usable. Purposive sampling technique was used in the selection of respondents. The data obtained from respondents was analysed using both descriptive statistics. Findings of the study revealed that financial loss, expenditure on security, loss of revenue as the economic effects while restriction of freedom, psychological trauma, mistrust, bad image to the nation among others as the social effects of insecurity in the area. The study therefore recommend tightening of security measures at the borders, youth employment and empowerment, enactment of strict legislation against insecurity, effective law enforcement among others as the measure that can curtail the extent of insecurity in Takum LGA,
Jigawa Journal of Social and Management Sciences, 2023
This study investigated the nexus between government expenditure, Inflation and economic growth i... more This study investigated the nexus between government expenditure, Inflation and economic growth in Nigeria. Employing the correlation analysis to estimate the model specified. Using time series data of 42years period (1981-2022). The variables used for the study include Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which was adopted as the dependent variable while government expenditure (GovEXP), Inflation (INF) and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) represents the independent variables. Three (3) objectives were formulated for the study and three (3) hypotheses were also prepared in line with the objectives. Ex-post facto research design was employed and the time series data was generated from CBN statistical Bulletin annual report and analyzed using correlation analysis, Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) Bound testing technique and unit root test utilizing Augmented Dickey-Fuller approach and ARDL co-integration to examine the long run and short run relationship that exist between the variables in Nigeria. The study finds that government expenditure has a positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria in both short and long run. Inflation has a negative and statistically significant influence on economic growth in Nigeria in the long run while foreign direct investment has a positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. The study recommends among others that government should increase its expenditure in order to enhance economic growth in the country. A high Inflation rate should be discouraged in order to achieve economic growth and Foreign direct investment should be enhanced through increasing government incentives to investors in the country.
Asian research journal of arts & social sciences, Jan 10, 2017
Jigawa Journal of Social and Management Sciences, 2023
The study examined the effect of export trading on economic growth in Nigeria. This study, as one... more The study examined the effect of export trading on economic growth in Nigeria. This study, as one of the empirical investigations on the impact of export trading on economic growth in Nigeria has provided a good understanding of the level of impact that export has on the growth of Nigeria's economy with particular reference to oil and non-oil export. The study covered the period of 1996 to 2021 and time series data obtained from CBN were used. The econometrics tools used in this study include; multiple regressions and Granger Causality test which were used to determine the level of impact that one variable has on the other as well as the direction of causality between them. The result arising from our findings indicates that oil export positively and significantly impacted on the growth of Nigeria's economy for the period under review. It was also shown in the result that non-oil export has a positive and significant impact on GDP. The result of the granger causality test indicates that there is unidirectional causality between oil export and GDP. This finding is in line with that of Odusola and Akinlo (2015), Ekpo and Egwaikhide(2014) and Idowu(2015) who used the traditional Granger causality test in examining whether the growth led-export hypothesis is valid for Nigeria. The results of the study indicated that a unidirectional relationship between exports and economic growth exists in Nigeria. Based on this, we conclude that growth-led-export hypothesis is applicable in the Nigeria context with particular reference to oil export. Therefore to improve the living standard of the populace emphasis should not be directed only to the export sector of the economy but should be far reaching as the growth in the economy also has the potential to drive the export sector of the economy.
EKSU Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2023
This study examined the impact of electronic banking innovation on economic growth in Nigeria ove... more This study examined the impact of electronic banking innovation on economic growth in Nigeria over the period of 2008-2022 using time series data. The study employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) Bound test technique to examine the long-run relationship between the study variables. It further employed granger causality test to test for causal relationship between the variables used in the model. The ARDL Bound testing confirmed that, there was long-run relationship between electronic banking innovation and economic growth in Nigeria for the period of study. The ARDL long-run coefficients further confirmed that, Automated Teller Machine (ATM) and Internet Banking (ITB) has positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. On the other hand, the study confirmed that Mobile Banking Service (MBS) and Point of Sale (POS) has negative and statistically significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of the study. The pair wise granger causality test proved unidirectional causality running from point of sale and internet banking to economic growth. Therefore, it was recommended that financial institutions and government should work with relevant sectors to ensure secured transactions over different platforms and ensure that transactions through electronic banking innovations platforms are reliable and secured for end bank customers.
EKSU Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2023
The study examined the cost of healthcare delivery services among major healthcare service provid... more The study examined the cost of healthcare delivery services among major healthcare service providers in Taraba State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were: to assess the average cost of managing common ailments in primary facilities in Taraba State; assess the average cost of managing common ailments in secondary facilities in Taraba State; assess the cost of managing common ailments in tertiary facilities in Taraba State; and compare the average cost of healthcare service delivery among the three (3) major service providers in Taraba State. Relevant literatures related to the topic were reviewed. A descriptive survey design was used for this study. A questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument. The study relied on both primary and secondary data. The population of this study consist of 37 healthcare facilities in Ardo-Kola and 57 healthcare facilities in Jalingo Local Government within a specified period (Quota i.e July-September) in some selected facilities in Taraba State. Data collected was analyzed using logistic regression technique. The study revealed that the average cost of treating uncomplicated malaria is less in primary healthcare centres despite low patronage. Treatment of uncomplicated Malaria in secondary healthcare centres is found to be less when compared to Tertiary healthcare centres. Similarly, Management of Typhoid is most cost effective in Primary Healthcare centres and also less in secondary healthcare centres when compared to tertiary health centres in Taraba state. In the same vein management of uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections and Hypertension as revealed by the study is more cost effective in Primary healthcare centres than in secondary and tertiary healthcare centres respectively as can be seen in the charts in chapter four.The study recommended that proactive efforts should be made by government and stakeholders to equip healthcare facilities most especially, the primary healthcare facilities and educate the public on this finding for a better patronage which will lead to improve access to healthcare delivery services in the state as a whole.
The study examined impact of malnutrition on under-5 children mortality rate in Nigeria. The obje... more The study examined impact of malnutrition on under-5 children mortality rate in Nigeria. The objectives of the study include evaluating the impact of Stunting, wasting and underweight on under-five child mortality Rate. Under the methodology the study adopted ADF test of Stationary properties of the series, Test of exogeneity, Selection of lag length, Selection of optimal model, general modelling, Bound test for co-integration, Estimation of long run coefficients and granger Causality Test so as to realize its intended purposes. The findings of this study shows that all variable obtain stationary by taking the first difference and the estimation results reveal significant coefficient at all of 1%, 5% and 10% in the long-run. The estimation result of MTR indicates a positive and significant coefficient. This means that a one percent increase in stunting results to 0.04 per cent increase in mortality rate. The result of wasting indicates a positive and significant coefficient. This means that a one percent increase in wasting results to a 0.28 percent increase in the in a long run. The result of underweight indicates a negative and significant coefficient; this implies that underweight increases mortality rate accordingly. Base on the above finding the following the study recommendations: Practice of exclusive breastfeeding should be encouraged and nursing mothers should be adequately educated to ensure that the infants receive both the fore and hind breast milk for proper growth. Health workers in post-natal care should undergo special training on breastfeeding to enable them provide a scientifically sound nutrition to nursing mothers beyond the basic knowledge they acquired when in training. Ensure appropriate complementary feeding, which promotes growth and prevents stunting among children 6-24 months.
The study analyzed the impact of Government Health Expenditure on child mortality in Nigeria data... more The study analyzed the impact of Government Health Expenditure on child mortality in Nigeria data for this study was sourced from National Bureau for Statistics, WHO and the Central Bank of Nigeria. The study employed Auto Regressive Distributed Lag Model to analyse the data collected including Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root for stationary testing. The study utilized the ARDL technique which is robust to autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity. From the estimation, findings show that capital government health expenditure has a negative and statistically significant effect on child mortality in Nigeria in both short and long run. The longrun co-integrating parameter estimates indicate that an increase in capital government health expenditure reduces child mortality. The findings from the analysis also revealed that the independent variable recurrent government health expenditure has a negative and statistically significant effect on child mortality in Nigeria in the long run. The long-run estimation parameter estimates, results opined that an increase recurrent government health expenditure decreases child mortality in Nigeria. This result is consistent with established theories that when government increases its expenditure in health sector, quality increases and mortality rate reduce. Similarly, the independent variable maternal literacy has a negative and statistically significant effect on child mortality in Nigeria. Results of the research revealed that government investment on healthcare has a greater influence on the growth and development of any economy. This implies that the absence of good health investment can affect the quality of life in a country. The study recommended that government should increase its capital health expenditure in order to reduce mortality rate in the country. Similarly, Government recurrent health expenditure should be enhanced, in order to motivate all health personnel in giving their full commitment.
This study examined the impact of financial development and economic growth on poverty reduction ... more This study examined the impact of financial development and economic growth on poverty reduction in middle-income African countries using panel data from 1990 to 2021. The study was limited to Botswana, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Tunisia. Im, Pesaran and Shin unit root test and Pedroni cointegration test approach were used for data analysis. Also, data were analysed using Panel ARDL model based on MG and PMG estimators proposed by Peseran and Smith (1995) and Peseran, Smith and Shin (1999). Results of the unit root test shows the variables are stationary of mixed order, while cointegration test indicates that the variables are linearly cointegrated in the long run. The study revealed that financial development proxy by broad money as share of GDP and broad money as ratio to reserve contributed to poverty reduct ion in the long the-run. On the other hand, Economic growth proxy by gross domestic product per capita also contributed to poverty reduction in the long run. On the contrary, financial development proxy by domestic credit to private sector as share of GDP had detrimental impact of poverty. To reduce poverty, the study recommended the need for the middle-income countries to implement long run sustainable financial and growth policies. Also, there is need for the implementation of sustainable financial policies that will encourage more credits to private sector at single digit interest rate to promote inclusive financial system, grow the economy and increase income redistribution and reduction in poverty.
This study explored the impact of entrepreneurship training on unemployment reduction in Nigeria.... more This study explored the impact of entrepreneurship training on unemployment reduction in Nigeria. The study collected data from the archive of World Development Indicators (WDI) and the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) spanning the period of 1990 to 2021. The important variables that the study considered relevant indicators of unemployment reduction were vocational and technical skills The data were subjected to series of econometric test before the final estimation of the ARDL. The result showed that graduate enrollment in vocational skill acquisition and ease of doing business impact on unemployment reduction. Furthermore, the coefficient of ECT-1 is found to be negatively and statistically significant a 1% threshold as expected. The size and statistically significance of the coefficient on the error correction model measures the tendency of each variable to return to the equilibrium. This implies the existence of long-run and short-run relationship between graduate enrollment in vocational skill acquisition, ease of doing business and unemployment rate In Nigeria. As a matter recommendations Graduates should be encouraged leaving out shame to avail themselves with the skills acquisition opportunities available to them. This can be achieved by providing entrepreneurship training centers, mentorships programs, loans, grants, startup capitals etc. and also institutions giving loan should provide interest free loan scheme for graduate undergoing skills acquisition training to start up their business.