Oliver Michler | Technische Universität Dresden (original) (raw)

Papers by Oliver Michler

arXiv (Cornell University), Aug 9, 2022

With the digitalization of transportation new use cases for digital information services are emer... more With the digitalization of transportation new use cases for digital information services are emerging. For example, prioritization of road users at traffic signals, especially emergency vehicles, is a desired goal. Requirements for the necessary communication link between road user and C-ITS station are often inadequately met. In particular, increasing communication distances while minimizing latencies are key requirements for timely influencing the control of traffic light signal programs. This paper presents the automotive application of a fast-switchable antenna array with targeted transmission direction selection and high antenna gain. In addition to antenna design requirements, theoretical analyses to increase transmission distance are performed using radio propagation simulation. Furthermore, practical evaluation is performed both in laboratory and test field environment using continuous wave and C-ITS service measurements. An automatic switching of antenna sectors based on geolocation is implemented and discussed from a scientific point of view. As a result, using an adaptive antenna array in traffic telematics environments is proposed to provide more robust communication links and increase the radio transmission distance.

Inertial signals, that is to say accelerations, vibrations and rotations, are gaining more and mo... more Inertial signals, that is to say accelerations, vibrations and rotations, are gaining more and more importance in navigation applications as they may contribute to motion state estimation. Such motion states may also assist navigation processes in finding a stable navigation solution. Prior to the market introduction of such navigation applications or other Location Based Services (LBS), a variety of tests has to be carried out. As tests in real traffic systems are time consuming and neither repeatable nor representative, it is desirable to create a laboratory environment in which navigation signals and the whole usage process are reproducible. Thereby, standardised navigation scenarios can be simulated repeatedly including all relevant navigation (GNSS, Wi-Fi, INS) and communication (GSM, protocol data) signals. This conference contribution focuses on the recording and replaying of low-frequency (LF)-signals as a basis for reproducible laboratory tests for inertial signals. The signals can be recorded by high-precision sensors and replayed in a laboratory. The paper will present the technical set-up for such reproducible tests and how those tests will be realised in the context of the BMWi-funded project NADINE. Within this project, a ticket-sensitive door-to-door navigation will be developed using a hybrid localisation approach which combines GNSS, Wi-Fi, and inertial signals.

Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG eBooks, 2023

High-precision, lane-level absolute positioning of traffic participants in Intelligent Traffic Sy... more High-precision, lane-level absolute positioning of traffic participants in Intelligent Traffic Systems (ITS) and in the context of highly automated driving (HAD) is necessary for various applications. Determining global user position is usually based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) which are prone to multiple error influences especially in urban scenarios. Conventional position estimation methods assume normally distributed observations and do not include a-priori state space information in form of a given map in a tightly coupled manner but rather perform a geometrical map matching after GNSS position was estimated independently. The work presented discusses the applicability of a likelihood based GNSS positioning approach utilizing pseudorange measurements and an ordered grating of the state space which results in a novel snapshot Probability Grid Positioning (PGP) method. For ITS applications, the state space is given by three-dimensional coordinates of the road net...

Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) radios provide high-precision distance measurements, however are still pron... more Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) radios provide high-precision distance measurements, however are still prone to ranging errors due to the environment. For localization system design and testing, this leads to cost-intense field trials in which localization methods are validated. As an alternative, publicly available UWB datasets exist, which however are also limited to only certain environmental conditions. In order to provide a more general evaluation basis, we present and discuss a procedure which allows the synthetic generation of UWB distance measurements with respect to theoretical error sources and parameterization based on a conducted measurement campaign. This contribution builds an understanding of commonly present errors for wireless distance measurements and their effects on ranging residual distributions in the distance domain. In addition, we discuss the influences of non-line-of-sight and multipath conditions. Based on this work, distance measurements with respect to the multipa...

Sustainability

With the rise of COVID-19, the sustainability of air transport is a major challenge, as there is ... more With the rise of COVID-19, the sustainability of air transport is a major challenge, as there is limited space in aircraft cabins, resulting in a higher risk of virus transmission. In order to detect possible chains of infection, technology-supported apps are used for social distancing. These COVID-19 applications are based on the display of the received signal strength for distance estimation, which is strongly influenced by the spreading environment due to the signal multipath reception. Therefore, we evaluate the applicability of technology-based social distancing methods in an aircraft cabin environment using a radio propagation simulation based on a three-dimensional aircraft model. We demonstrate the susceptibility to errors of the conventional COVID-19 distance estimation, which can lead to large errors in the determination of distances and to the impracticability of traditional tracing approaches during passenger boarding/deboarding. In the context of the future connected ca...

Sensors

High-precision and lane selective position estimation is of fundamental importance for prospectiv... more High-precision and lane selective position estimation is of fundamental importance for prospective advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and automated driving functions, as well as for traffic information and management processes in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). User and vehicle positioning is usually based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which, as stand-alone positioning, does not meet the necessary requirements in terms of accuracy. Furthermore, the rise of connected driving offers various possibilities to enhance GNSS positioning by applying cooperative positioning (CP) methods. Utilizing only low-cost sensors, especially in urban environments, GNSS CP faces several demanding challenges. Therefore, this contribution presents an empirical study on how Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) technologies can aid GNSS position estimation in urban environments, with the focus being solely on positioning performance instead of multi-sensor data fusion. The performanc...

Advances in Radio Science

The radio communication network "Intermobil Region Dresden" was developed and built up for data t... more The radio communication network "Intermobil Region Dresden" was developed and built up for data transmission of traffic videos and other traffic data. It uses Pointto-Point (PtP) and Point-to-Multipoint (PtM) bridges, forming the backbone structure. The traffic camera radio clients link up with Accesspoints, installed at the nodal points of the backbone. This paper analyses the physical and technical conditions, building up such radio communication networks. The radio channel properties (e.g. total path loss, multipath propagation) and the technical parameters (e.g. transmission power, sensitivity, antenna gain) belong to this conditions. Based on calculation and spreading measurements it is shown, that reserves have to be considered during the planning already. As well special problems, like Fresnel-zone clearance and shadowing are discussed. The choice of the antenna plays a key role for planning and building of wireless networks. It determines decisively the range and gives an important contribution to elimination of wireless disturbances (interferences). Dependent on topological facts, installation environment and wireless distance omnidirectional-, yagi-, patch-and parabol-antennas are used. Based on antenna measurements the paper discusses the use and property of decoupling. WLANs are working in the license free 2.4 GHz-band. The number of radio systems in this band increases permanently, which leads to a lot of interferences among each other. The paper makes a classification of possible interference sources and discusses their influence on transmission quality. Technical solutions are shown for increase interference robustness.

Transportation Research Procedia

2015 International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS), 2015

ABSTRACT The use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in maritime applications has been ... more ABSTRACT The use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in maritime applications has been widely recognized as an essential part of maritime navigation. This is due to good reception conditions on open water and due to the low accuracy requirements when navigating on the open sea. When it comes to inland waterways, GNSS is an important tool for the measurement of navigational data and position. In this context, a reliable navigational solution is the base for the implementation of applications for advanced assistance during berthing or bridge and lock passing. However, exactly these applications pose a challenge to a GNSS-based positioning solution, since the critical navigation-areas are often also those with restricted reception conditions. To ensure continuously accurate position navigation and timing (PNT) data, a so called PNT-Unit has been designed based on the fusion of GNSS, inertial (Inertial Measurement Unit - IMU) and other ship-borne sensors. One of the goals of the project PiLoNav (Precise and Integer Localization and Navigation in Rail and Inland Water Traffic) is the development of a manoeuvre guidance system tailored for these critical scenarios. Since the driver assistance will be based on absolute positioning, a precise survey of the environment is required as well as the precise vessel position and navigation states. While the first is a question of the quality of the underlying map the determination of latter parameters proves difficult.

2011 14th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), 2011

ABSTRACT Frequent necessary stops at red traffic signals and related braking and acceleration pro... more ABSTRACT Frequent necessary stops at red traffic signals and related braking and acceleration processes significantly affect the fuel consumption and emission rates of a vehicle. The efficiency-increasing potential (fuel saving potential) of a predictive driver assistance system proposing an intelligent vehicle speed adaption well in advance the intersection is examined by a traffic flow model-based simulation. The considered predictive speed assistance system is based on the transmission of traffic light controller information into the approaching vehicle. Besides information on the traffic light timing chart, provision of accurate information on current traffic conditions between the current position of the vehicle and the stop line are necessary for a majority of driving situations. Here, the use of queue length estimation (QLE) techniques based on commonly installed induction loop sensor systems is described to extend the functional benefit of the driver assistance system. From QLE data, two additional main indicators (distance to virtual stop line and time to cleared intersection) can be derived to calculate a energy-efficient speed profile. For a single vehicle approaching an isolated intersection signalized with a standard timing cycle fuel savings of 8-11% can be found. The benefit of a QLE-included control scheme of the assistance system is demonstrated by simulation. Simulation results show situation-specific fuel saving potential differences of up to 28% compared to a basic system control scheme (only traffic light timing information).

2014 Loughborough Antennas and Propagation Conference (LAPC), 2014

Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Existenz der sogenannten "Kinderstrafsteuern" für... more Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Existenz der sogenannten "Kinderstrafsteuern" für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland für die Jahre 1990 bis 2002 und quantifiziert das damit verbundene Ausmaß der finanziellen Belastung von Familien mit Kindern gegenüber Kinderlosen. - Nach Darstellung der allgemeinen steuerlichen Regelungen und Berechnung der Kinderkosten wird die Quantifizierung auf Basis zuvor definierter Haushaltstypen durchgeführt. Für die Untersuchung wurden die mit dem kindbezogenen Konsum in Verbindung zu bringenden Verbrauchsteuern auf Strom, Brennstoffe, Benzin sowie die Mehrwertsteuer herangezogen. - Aufgrund der Quantifizierungsergebnisse läßt sich festhalten, daß aus steuerlicher Sicht zwischen 1990 und 2002 tatsächlich eine Benachteiligung von Familien mit Kindern gegenüber Kinderlosen existiert. Dabei mussten Familien mit Kindern in diesem Zeitraum insgesamt rund 33 Mrd. Euro Kinderstrafsteuern zahlen. Diese Beträge stellten Steuereinnahmen des Staates dar, ...

This paper provides an overview about the results of indoor and outdoor ranging measurements by r... more This paper provides an overview about the results of indoor and outdoor ranging measurements by radio based position estimation in the 2.4 GHz-band. A commercial wide band location system represents the basis therefore. Position estimation is based on distance measurements by means of a time of arrival (TOA) ranging method. The linear least square (LS) estimator is used for computing position estimation by transforming the original nonlinear LS problem into a linear one. The obtained accuracy has to be verified for telematics applications, influencing the coordination of road, rail, maritime and air transport. In these fields there are many special applications for example selective detection of a rail track, lane selective localization in automotive applications. The paper concludes with a prospect about further steps concerning the estimation algorithm enhancement.

2011 8th Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and Communication, 2011

... The iterative C-MDS approach, we investigated is able to compute positions in small-scale WSN... more ... The iterative C-MDS approach, we investigated is able to compute positions in small-scale WSN also coping with gaps in the distance matrix (not RF connected sensor nodes). ... [9] Patwari, N., JN Ash, S. Kyperountas, III Hero, AO, RL Moses and NS Correal: Locating the nodes ...