Giampiero Gerini | Eindhoven University of Technology (original) (raw)

Papers by Giampiero Gerini

Research paper thumbnail of Progress in Antenna Coupled Kinetic Inductance Detectors

IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2011

This paper describes the combined Dutch efforts toward the development of large wideband focal pl... more This paper describes the combined Dutch efforts toward the development of large wideband focal plane array receivers based on kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs). Taking into account strict electromagnetic and detector sensitivity requirements for future ground and space based observatories, this work has led to the identification of well-suited coupling strategies based on the use of lens antenna and the demonstration of their feasibility. Moreover, some specific antenna design difficulties that characterize KIDs-based designs have been investigated, and innovative feeds for the focal plane array which could allow the receivers to be sensitive over a decade of Bandwidth have been proposed.

Research paper thumbnail of Diagonal Polarized Pin-Based Cavity Antenna Array in Planar Technology

2008 38th European Microwave Conference, 2008

This contribution describes the design and characterization of a very compact 8-element proximity... more This contribution describes the design and characterization of a very compact 8-element proximity fed cavity antenna array realized completely in PCB technology. The cavities are formed by the placement of a series of through pins (vias) along a rectangular outline. Micro-strip lines excite the structure, and slot coupling is used to feed the individual radiating cavities. The elements are linearly polarized, but are arrayed with a diagonal orientation. The configuration allows for defining a single multifunction system that combines functionalities as radar and ESM in X-band. A -10 dB bandwidth of near 20% is achieved with the antenna and -10 dB for |θ s | < 50° over the majority of the design band. The main achievement of the array is the extreme efficiency, also in a design that resorts to very dense dielectrics.

Research paper thumbnail of The wide/multi band leaky wave lens antenna

2005 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of EBG enhanced feeds for high aperture efficiency reflector antennas

2006 First European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, 2006

Typical feed horns can be lengthy and bulky, especially at low frequencies. This aspect alone con... more Typical feed horns can be lengthy and bulky, especially at low frequencies. This aspect alone constitutes a significant drive to nd alternative technologies, more suited to mass production, that can be used to obtain equally performing feeds. In particular it is useful to explore the possibility of using printed circuit board technology to upgrade the performances of a moderately sized

Research paper thumbnail of Design of a low-profile printed array of loaded dipoles with inherent frequency selectivity properties

This work presents the design of a low-profile array of printed dipoles with inherent filtering p... more This work presents the design of a low-profile array of printed dipoles with inherent filtering properties for radar applications. The antenna and the band-pass filter are integrated in a single module, which is small enough to fit within the array unit cell (with period of about 0.4 ¸ at the highest operational frequency). The array element may be viewed as

Research paper thumbnail of Multi beam imaging array based on leaky lens antennas

2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium, 2007

This paper proposes a novel imaging architecture suited for use in the mm and the submm wave regi... more This paper proposes a novel imaging architecture suited for use in the mm and the submm wave regimes. The structure is composed by a one dimensional array of radiators in order to enhance the image acquisition time with respect to single element detection. Moreover each of the antenna elements composing the array is characterized by a relatively broad band which opens the possibility for the array to be used over multiple frequencies or over a single wide band. Each of the radiators is a Leaky wave slot and all of them radiate in the presence of a unique dielectric lens. A prototype of the array has been designed to operate at relatively low frequencies (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). It has then been manufactured and measured. The performances are extremely promising and provide a hard proof of concept of the feasibility and the advantages of the proposed array architecture.

Research paper thumbnail of Phased array antenna integrated with a frequency selective surface: Theory and experiments

A modeling tool is described to characterize the array antennas integrated with frequency selecti... more A modeling tool is described to characterize the array antennas integrated with frequency selective surfaces by means of a multimode equivalent network approach applied to infinite periodic structures. The theoretical formulation of the problem is presented in this paper together with the numerical results for an array of dielectric loaded waveguides integrated with a patch based FSS. Waveguide simulator measurements

Research paper thumbnail of Dispersion properties of an array of slots etched at the interface between two infinite dielectric materials

IET Seminar Digests, 2007

An array of long slots, oriented along x, etched on a ground plane that separates two infinite di... more An array of long slots, oriented along x, etched on a ground plane that separates two infinite dielectric materials constitutes the basic canonical problem investigated in tis article. In a single slot structure, the direction of radiation and the attenuation constant could be directly linked to the dominant leaky wave pole (k xlw ) that dominates the pertinent Green's Function (GF) spectrum in the longitudinal direction, x. In a multi slot problem, the number of poles that appear in the GF is equal to the number (N) of slots composing the array and in view of this two problems arise. First, how to locate efficiently these N poles in the k x spectrum of the GF parameters. Secondly to asses which of these poles are significant, i.e. dominate the behaviour of the array. .

Research paper thumbnail of Bandwidth, efficiency and directivity enhancement of printed antenna performance using planar circularly symmetric EBGs

2005 European Microwave Conference, 2005

around the antenna, we obtain an enhancement of the bandwidth, efficiency and directivity perform... more around the antenna, we obtain an enhancement of the bandwidth, efficiency and directivity performances. The study will present some design considerations for the PCS-EBG itself, and then will proceed with the manufactured and measured antennas. The results explicitly show the advantages in terms of bandwidth and radiation pattern of the proposed EBG substrate. A bandwidth of 20% is achieved without significant surface wave losses.

Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced antenna performances using planar circularly symmetric EBGs

2005 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005

Planar circularly symmetric (PCS) electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) substrates have recently been pr... more Planar circularly symmetric (PCS) electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) substrates have recently been proposed to suppress surface waves (Llombart, N. et al., 2004). The application of PCS-EBG to reduce the surface waves excited by an antenna printed on a dielectric slab is discussed. The study starts from a reference microstrip-excited, slot-coupled dipole that presents a relatively large bandwidth (about 12%) and relatively

Research paper thumbnail of Leaky Wave Enhanced Feed Arrays for the Improvement of the Edge of Coverage Gain in Multibeam Reflector Antennas

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2008

The performance of multibeam focal plane arrays feeding a single aperture is usually reduced due ... more The performance of multibeam focal plane arrays feeding a single aperture is usually reduced due to conflicting requirements on the feed elements. Dense packing is usually required to minimize the beam separation, while typically large feed apertures are needed to provide the high feed directivity to reduce spillover losses from the reflector. In this paper the use of dielectric super-layers

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of Mutual Coupling in Leaky Wave Enhanced Imaging Arrays

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2008

The impact of mutual coupling between neighboring radiators in an imaging array configuration in ... more The impact of mutual coupling between neighboring radiators in an imaging array configuration in the presence of a dielectric super-layer is investigated. The super-layer generally aims at increasing the directivity of each element of the array. However, here it is shown that the directivity of the embedded element patterns are reduced by a high level of mutual coupling. Thus a

Research paper thumbnail of EBG enhanced dielectric lens antennas for the imaging at sub-mm waves

2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008

3 andrea.neto@tno.nl 4 dave.bekers@tno.nl 5 giampiero.gerini@tno.nl Abstract-We have designed a n... more 3 andrea.neto@tno.nl 4 dave.bekers@tno.nl 5 giampiero.gerini@tno.nl Abstract-We have designed a novel sub-mm radiation detector based upon a twin slot antenna placed in the focus of a Si elliptical lens. We use a novel Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) super-layer, consisting of 2 ¼ O dielectric layers of Si (H=11.7)

Research paper thumbnail of Reflector surface modelling - A European collaboration

IET Seminar Digest, 2007

The topic of this paper is the work carried out in Work Package 2.3-2 of the EU network ACE. This... more The topic of this paper is the work carried out in Work Package 2.3-2 of the EU network ACE. This work package is concerned with the modelling of the surfaces of modern reflector antennas. In particular the problems associated with homogenisation of periodic structures are described together with an application example. An accurate MoM solutions for periodic structure is presented. A new, fast and very efficient interpolation technique for frequency selective surfaces is introduced and linked to high frequency techniques to speed up radiation calculation processes.

Research paper thumbnail of The European School of Antennas: results and perspectives

Research paper thumbnail of Non Resonant Slots for Wide Band 2D Scanning Arrays

2005 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005

A novel type of broadband integrated array scanning in one plane is proposed. Such arrays are aim... more A novel type of broadband integrated array scanning in one plane is proposed. Such arrays are aimed to meet the requirements typically set for airborne Synthetic Aperture Radars, while allowing the highest degree of integration between the T/R modules and radiating elements. The array is composed by broad-band leaky-wave slot elements radiating by means of a wedge shaped dielectric lens. As a preliminary step this paper is focused on a finite number of infinite slots radiating in an infinite medium of the same permittivity of the lens. The problem is studied through a very efficient semi-analytical spectral domain procedure based on the assumption of small width of the slots in terms of a wavelength.

Research paper thumbnail of Common-mode rejection in a connected array of dipoles with inherent frequency selectivity properties

2012 6th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), 2012

ABSTRACT In this work we describe an effective strategy for the avoidance of common-mode resonanc... more ABSTRACT In this work we describe an effective strategy for the avoidance of common-mode resonances excited in a printed array of loaded dipoles with inherent filtering properties (filtenna). Previous works demonstrated that, for E-plane scanning, such resonances occur due to the unbalanced excitation of the dipoles. The present approach is based on the use of an X-band hybrid-ring connected to the filtenna structure. A design with operational bandwidth spanning from 8.5 to 10.5 GHz is presented and validated with simulations.

Research paper thumbnail of CAD of coaxially end-fed waveguide phased-array antennas

Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 2002

Research paper thumbnail of Efficient full-wave analysis of stratified planar structures and unbiased TW-FET's

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1995

We have developed a rigorous full-wave analysis technique capable of characterizing quasiplanar t... more We have developed a rigorous full-wave analysis technique capable of characterizing quasiplanar travelling wave structures, consisting of multilayer dielectrics and conductors of finite thickness, also taking into account dielectric and conductor losses. We have studied boxed embedded microstrips and another complex passive structure, namely the T-gate TW-FET, devoting particular attention to the distribution of current inside the metallization. All structures

Research paper thumbnail of Frequency Selective Surfaces for Extended Bandwidth Backing Reflector Functions

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2000

This paper deals with the use of frequency selective surfaces (FSS) to increase the efficiency ba... more This paper deals with the use of frequency selective surfaces (FSS) to increase the efficiency bandwidth product in wideband antenna arrays, whose efficiency is limited by the front-to-back ratio. If the backing reflector for the antenna is realized through a single metal plane solution, its location will be suitable only on a relatively limited frequency range especially if wide angle scanning is required. In order to extend the frequency range of usability, an FSS can be sandwiched between the antenna and the ground plane, providing an additional reflecting plane for an higher frequency band. The possibility to integrate in the antenna different functionalities, otherwise performed by several antennas, is also discussed in the paper. The proposed backing structure composed by the FSS and the ground plane has been designed to be used in conjunction with a wideband antenna consisting of an array of connected dipoles. A hardware demonstrator of the backing structure has also been manufactured and tested.

Research paper thumbnail of Progress in Antenna Coupled Kinetic Inductance Detectors

IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2011

This paper describes the combined Dutch efforts toward the development of large wideband focal pl... more This paper describes the combined Dutch efforts toward the development of large wideband focal plane array receivers based on kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs). Taking into account strict electromagnetic and detector sensitivity requirements for future ground and space based observatories, this work has led to the identification of well-suited coupling strategies based on the use of lens antenna and the demonstration of their feasibility. Moreover, some specific antenna design difficulties that characterize KIDs-based designs have been investigated, and innovative feeds for the focal plane array which could allow the receivers to be sensitive over a decade of Bandwidth have been proposed.

Research paper thumbnail of Diagonal Polarized Pin-Based Cavity Antenna Array in Planar Technology

2008 38th European Microwave Conference, 2008

This contribution describes the design and characterization of a very compact 8-element proximity... more This contribution describes the design and characterization of a very compact 8-element proximity fed cavity antenna array realized completely in PCB technology. The cavities are formed by the placement of a series of through pins (vias) along a rectangular outline. Micro-strip lines excite the structure, and slot coupling is used to feed the individual radiating cavities. The elements are linearly polarized, but are arrayed with a diagonal orientation. The configuration allows for defining a single multifunction system that combines functionalities as radar and ESM in X-band. A -10 dB bandwidth of near 20% is achieved with the antenna and -10 dB for |θ s | < 50° over the majority of the design band. The main achievement of the array is the extreme efficiency, also in a design that resorts to very dense dielectrics.

Research paper thumbnail of The wide/multi band leaky wave lens antenna

2005 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of EBG enhanced feeds for high aperture efficiency reflector antennas

2006 First European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, 2006

Typical feed horns can be lengthy and bulky, especially at low frequencies. This aspect alone con... more Typical feed horns can be lengthy and bulky, especially at low frequencies. This aspect alone constitutes a significant drive to nd alternative technologies, more suited to mass production, that can be used to obtain equally performing feeds. In particular it is useful to explore the possibility of using printed circuit board technology to upgrade the performances of a moderately sized

Research paper thumbnail of Design of a low-profile printed array of loaded dipoles with inherent frequency selectivity properties

This work presents the design of a low-profile array of printed dipoles with inherent filtering p... more This work presents the design of a low-profile array of printed dipoles with inherent filtering properties for radar applications. The antenna and the band-pass filter are integrated in a single module, which is small enough to fit within the array unit cell (with period of about 0.4 ¸ at the highest operational frequency). The array element may be viewed as

Research paper thumbnail of Multi beam imaging array based on leaky lens antennas

2007 IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium, 2007

This paper proposes a novel imaging architecture suited for use in the mm and the submm wave regi... more This paper proposes a novel imaging architecture suited for use in the mm and the submm wave regimes. The structure is composed by a one dimensional array of radiators in order to enhance the image acquisition time with respect to single element detection. Moreover each of the antenna elements composing the array is characterized by a relatively broad band which opens the possibility for the array to be used over multiple frequencies or over a single wide band. Each of the radiators is a Leaky wave slot and all of them radiate in the presence of a unique dielectric lens. A prototype of the array has been designed to operate at relatively low frequencies (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). It has then been manufactured and measured. The performances are extremely promising and provide a hard proof of concept of the feasibility and the advantages of the proposed array architecture.

Research paper thumbnail of Phased array antenna integrated with a frequency selective surface: Theory and experiments

A modeling tool is described to characterize the array antennas integrated with frequency selecti... more A modeling tool is described to characterize the array antennas integrated with frequency selective surfaces by means of a multimode equivalent network approach applied to infinite periodic structures. The theoretical formulation of the problem is presented in this paper together with the numerical results for an array of dielectric loaded waveguides integrated with a patch based FSS. Waveguide simulator measurements

Research paper thumbnail of Dispersion properties of an array of slots etched at the interface between two infinite dielectric materials

IET Seminar Digests, 2007

An array of long slots, oriented along x, etched on a ground plane that separates two infinite di... more An array of long slots, oriented along x, etched on a ground plane that separates two infinite dielectric materials constitutes the basic canonical problem investigated in tis article. In a single slot structure, the direction of radiation and the attenuation constant could be directly linked to the dominant leaky wave pole (k xlw ) that dominates the pertinent Green's Function (GF) spectrum in the longitudinal direction, x. In a multi slot problem, the number of poles that appear in the GF is equal to the number (N) of slots composing the array and in view of this two problems arise. First, how to locate efficiently these N poles in the k x spectrum of the GF parameters. Secondly to asses which of these poles are significant, i.e. dominate the behaviour of the array. .

Research paper thumbnail of Bandwidth, efficiency and directivity enhancement of printed antenna performance using planar circularly symmetric EBGs

2005 European Microwave Conference, 2005

around the antenna, we obtain an enhancement of the bandwidth, efficiency and directivity perform... more around the antenna, we obtain an enhancement of the bandwidth, efficiency and directivity performances. The study will present some design considerations for the PCS-EBG itself, and then will proceed with the manufactured and measured antennas. The results explicitly show the advantages in terms of bandwidth and radiation pattern of the proposed EBG substrate. A bandwidth of 20% is achieved without significant surface wave losses.

Research paper thumbnail of Enhanced antenna performances using planar circularly symmetric EBGs

2005 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005

Planar circularly symmetric (PCS) electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) substrates have recently been pr... more Planar circularly symmetric (PCS) electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) substrates have recently been proposed to suppress surface waves (Llombart, N. et al., 2004). The application of PCS-EBG to reduce the surface waves excited by an antenna printed on a dielectric slab is discussed. The study starts from a reference microstrip-excited, slot-coupled dipole that presents a relatively large bandwidth (about 12%) and relatively

Research paper thumbnail of Leaky Wave Enhanced Feed Arrays for the Improvement of the Edge of Coverage Gain in Multibeam Reflector Antennas

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2008

The performance of multibeam focal plane arrays feeding a single aperture is usually reduced due ... more The performance of multibeam focal plane arrays feeding a single aperture is usually reduced due to conflicting requirements on the feed elements. Dense packing is usually required to minimize the beam separation, while typically large feed apertures are needed to provide the high feed directivity to reduce spillover losses from the reflector. In this paper the use of dielectric super-layers

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of Mutual Coupling in Leaky Wave Enhanced Imaging Arrays

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2008

The impact of mutual coupling between neighboring radiators in an imaging array configuration in ... more The impact of mutual coupling between neighboring radiators in an imaging array configuration in the presence of a dielectric super-layer is investigated. The super-layer generally aims at increasing the directivity of each element of the array. However, here it is shown that the directivity of the embedded element patterns are reduced by a high level of mutual coupling. Thus a

Research paper thumbnail of EBG enhanced dielectric lens antennas for the imaging at sub-mm waves

2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008

3 andrea.neto@tno.nl 4 dave.bekers@tno.nl 5 giampiero.gerini@tno.nl Abstract-We have designed a n... more 3 andrea.neto@tno.nl 4 dave.bekers@tno.nl 5 giampiero.gerini@tno.nl Abstract-We have designed a novel sub-mm radiation detector based upon a twin slot antenna placed in the focus of a Si elliptical lens. We use a novel Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) super-layer, consisting of 2 ¼ O dielectric layers of Si (H=11.7)

Research paper thumbnail of Reflector surface modelling - A European collaboration

IET Seminar Digest, 2007

The topic of this paper is the work carried out in Work Package 2.3-2 of the EU network ACE. This... more The topic of this paper is the work carried out in Work Package 2.3-2 of the EU network ACE. This work package is concerned with the modelling of the surfaces of modern reflector antennas. In particular the problems associated with homogenisation of periodic structures are described together with an application example. An accurate MoM solutions for periodic structure is presented. A new, fast and very efficient interpolation technique for frequency selective surfaces is introduced and linked to high frequency techniques to speed up radiation calculation processes.

Research paper thumbnail of The European School of Antennas: results and perspectives

Research paper thumbnail of Non Resonant Slots for Wide Band 2D Scanning Arrays

2005 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2005

A novel type of broadband integrated array scanning in one plane is proposed. Such arrays are aim... more A novel type of broadband integrated array scanning in one plane is proposed. Such arrays are aimed to meet the requirements typically set for airborne Synthetic Aperture Radars, while allowing the highest degree of integration between the T/R modules and radiating elements. The array is composed by broad-band leaky-wave slot elements radiating by means of a wedge shaped dielectric lens. As a preliminary step this paper is focused on a finite number of infinite slots radiating in an infinite medium of the same permittivity of the lens. The problem is studied through a very efficient semi-analytical spectral domain procedure based on the assumption of small width of the slots in terms of a wavelength.

Research paper thumbnail of Common-mode rejection in a connected array of dipoles with inherent frequency selectivity properties

2012 6th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), 2012

ABSTRACT In this work we describe an effective strategy for the avoidance of common-mode resonanc... more ABSTRACT In this work we describe an effective strategy for the avoidance of common-mode resonances excited in a printed array of loaded dipoles with inherent filtering properties (filtenna). Previous works demonstrated that, for E-plane scanning, such resonances occur due to the unbalanced excitation of the dipoles. The present approach is based on the use of an X-band hybrid-ring connected to the filtenna structure. A design with operational bandwidth spanning from 8.5 to 10.5 GHz is presented and validated with simulations.

Research paper thumbnail of CAD of coaxially end-fed waveguide phased-array antennas

Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 2002

Research paper thumbnail of Efficient full-wave analysis of stratified planar structures and unbiased TW-FET's

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1995

We have developed a rigorous full-wave analysis technique capable of characterizing quasiplanar t... more We have developed a rigorous full-wave analysis technique capable of characterizing quasiplanar travelling wave structures, consisting of multilayer dielectrics and conductors of finite thickness, also taking into account dielectric and conductor losses. We have studied boxed embedded microstrips and another complex passive structure, namely the T-gate TW-FET, devoting particular attention to the distribution of current inside the metallization. All structures

Research paper thumbnail of Frequency Selective Surfaces for Extended Bandwidth Backing Reflector Functions

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2000

This paper deals with the use of frequency selective surfaces (FSS) to increase the efficiency ba... more This paper deals with the use of frequency selective surfaces (FSS) to increase the efficiency bandwidth product in wideband antenna arrays, whose efficiency is limited by the front-to-back ratio. If the backing reflector for the antenna is realized through a single metal plane solution, its location will be suitable only on a relatively limited frequency range especially if wide angle scanning is required. In order to extend the frequency range of usability, an FSS can be sandwiched between the antenna and the ground plane, providing an additional reflecting plane for an higher frequency band. The possibility to integrate in the antenna different functionalities, otherwise performed by several antennas, is also discussed in the paper. The proposed backing structure composed by the FSS and the ground plane has been designed to be used in conjunction with a wideband antenna consisting of an array of connected dipoles. A hardware demonstrator of the backing structure has also been manufactured and tested.