Muhib E Silsila Chist | Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi (original) (raw)

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Papers by Muhib E Silsila Chist

Background: Ageing the last stage of human lifecycle is invariably inevitable. With modern techno... more Background: Ageing the last stage of human lifecycle is invariably inevitable. With modern technological and scientific developments the basic health facilities have improved, increasing the life span and promoting longevity. However, 'life expectancy' and 'quality of life 'have proved to be inversely proportional and negatively correlated. The participation and involvement of the senior citizens in different areas of social activities visibly narrows with ageing thus victimizing them to social exclusion which in turn affects their health negatively. Objective: The research explores the role of social exclusion in the health status of older persons. Material and Methods: To collect biostatistical data on older person and to unearth the effects of social exclusion on health a structured questionnaire was prepared. The questionnaire was vigorously pre tested before the data was collected on the set objective. Place and Duration of Study: The data was collected from the locale Rawalpindi city inclusive of various union councils, over a period of three months. Results: The study revealed that 62.4% of the respondents related social exclusion with ageing. Moreover, it was indicated that respondents who belonged to the age group of 66-70 comparatively felt more socially excluded than any other age group. Moreover the respondents who felt socially excluded suffered from various physical and psychological diseases including mental distress (88.37%), cardio-vascular diseases (83.60%), hypertension (71.05%), diabetes (65.21%), and asthma (45%) Conclusion: Social exclusion and deteriorating social role of older persons affects their general health. Older persons that are largely marginalized need to be identified as equal citizens of the community and policies at national level require to rectify the situation.

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Senior citizens the rapidly increasing population globally become victim of neglect by the hands ... more Senior citizens the rapidly increasing population globally become victim of neglect by the hands of their family and caregivers. The exceeding age of human beings become make them vulnerable due to their physical impairments, biologically changes, pathological problems, socio-psychological stresses. The research was conducted to explore the modes of social neglect and their effects on older person's health at domestic level. The under-taken research paper is the pilot study conducted in Rawalpindi from sample of 52 respondents, drawn by using purposive sampling technique. The data collection was administered by using the interviewing method and tool of study was interview guide. It has been found through this study that older persons are getting food, water and clothing on time and properly but majority neglected in the modes of medicines, medical checkups, mobility and money domestically. All due to which they become suffering from Diabetes, arthritis, hearth problems and high blood pressure issues dominantly.

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Ageing is an inevitable phenomenon in human beings. Senior citizens with increasing age get surro... more Ageing is an inevitable phenomenon in human beings. Senior citizens with increasing age get surrounded with many issues, among which socio-psychological problems have become a chief topic in the current anthropological debate. The objective of the study was to explore the socio-psychological issues faced by senior citizen at community level. To undertake the research a sample inclusive of 271 elders was selected. The methodology employed was exploratory, and data collection tools included interview guide and informal interviews. The current study reveals that older persons become victims of many socio psychological issues in their later life which includes depression, bereavement, inactive sexual life, economic dependence, social exclusion and dementia. These socio-psychological issues have strong impact on the health and life of older persons.

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Retirement is the time in a person’s life when he is no longer employed. The retirement age varie... more Retirement is the time in a person’s life when he is no longer employed. The retirement age varies and generally lies between 55 to 60 years. This study was conducted to study the effect of family relationship on the psychological health of retired people. The data was collected through snowball sampling technique from district Chakwal under union council Dhudial with the help of two focus group discussion by drawing a sample of 20 respondents from different professions, from four villages of union council Dhudial. The findings suggested that most of retired people were having a lot of health problems and liked to stay home all the time with their families. They had limited social life after retirement and spent most the time with their children and grandchildren. An important factor affecting their psychological health was found to be family relationships. The data was collected over four and half weeks. The nature of data was qualitative.

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Smoking is the most ubiquitous habit in the world population acquired in a societal and cultural ... more Smoking is the most ubiquitous habit in the world population acquired in a societal and cultural setting. The study is conducted to overview the history of smoking in the light of Anthropology discipline and to identify the factors which are responsible for the prevalent habit of smoking among youngsters. The targeted population was the youngsters of Rawalpindi City, the sample of 132 respondents was drawn by using purposive sampling technique and the tool of study was a structured questionnaire. The study was a blend of qualitative and quantitative research techniques.The result reveals that smoking is one of the most prevent habit among youngsters. The most dominant factors which influence smoking habit are peer group influences(91.7%), parental smoking (59.1%), anxiety and depression(61.4%),failure in love(60.6%) and status symbol(74.2%). All these factors contributed to affect the health of young adults who are abundant with energies but wasted by smoking.

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Ageing population, the marginalized portion of society is mistreated and exploited due to the phy... more Ageing population, the marginalized portion of society is mistreated and exploited due to the physical, biological and psychological impairments it suffers from. The elder abuse and mistreatment is prevailing in every society but due to social pressures, impairments, shame and lack of defensive energies, the cases of abuse are not reported. The ageing population is an important debate upon which the Anthropology discipline is specially focused. The study aims at to investigate the physical abuse and mistreatment with older persons in societal setting. The study was conducted in the locality of Rawalpindi city. The sample of 271 respondents from targeted population was drawn by employing the purposive sampling technique. The tool of study was interview guide. The study focused on physical abuse and mistreatment with older persons, it has been revealed after the study that 64.6 % respondents were mistreated by society from which 59% respondents were of the view that due to age and functional disorders the older persons are mistreated. However 66.4 % respondents were physically abused by their family, relatives and caregivers by hitting, slapping, kicking, force feeding and stroking with objects. Over all the study concluded that older persons due to their physical, biological and psychological impairments are exposed to physical abuse and mistreatment.

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Pakistan one of the South Asian countries where the trend of late marriages is on an increase aff... more Pakistan one of the South Asian countries where the trend of late marriages is on an increase affects the fertility rate visibly. Late marriage and infertility has an imperative relationship which going to be one of the most dominant phenomena in our current societal settings. The aim of the study is to explore the causes of late marriages and its effects on fertility. The study was conducted in the vicinity of Rawalpindi. The sample size was70 respondents selected by using convenient sampling technique. The data was collected by questionnaire tool. The study revealed that education of women, caste system, phobia of idealistic life and economic empowerment are the major causes of late marriages. The study also showed that 65.7% respondents agreed with the fact that late marriages do affect the fertility, due to which complications arise in conceiving a baby or miscarriages and sometimes leads to infertility in spouses. The males and females both are responsible for infertility in this regard.

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Caste or biradari system is integral to the basic social structure of the society in Pakistan. In... more Caste or biradari system is integral to the basic social structure of the society in Pakistan. Intra-caste conflicts arise due to various reasons and social-cultural factors social factors. Thus, the objective of the study is to unravel the various dimensions and determinants of intra- caste conflicts. Moreover, the purpose of the study was to unravel the role played by women in conflict creation. The locale of the study was Saigalabad village in Chakwal, from where a sample of 110 sampling units was selected through purposive sampling. The study reveals that land, unfair division of property, intra-caste marriages, dowry, watta- satta and polygamy were found to be significantly effective in creating intra-caste conflicts. Moreover it was observed that certain intra-caste conflicts were flared by women leading to different type of disputes among biradaries.

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Panchayat system has been operational as the lowest administrative unit since pre-partition ancie... more Panchayat system has been operational as the lowest administrative unit since pre-partition ancient
medieval times. It has been an influential tool for bringing justice to the local communities, as a conflict resolution
body for village level disputes and to systematize social, cultural and religious activities. The paper explores the
preference of the community and their views towards the panchayat system as a judicial body. The study locale was
district Lodhran‟s village “1-Chak”, the sample size was 153 selected through random sampling. The results reflected
that the community was exceptionally dependent upon the „panchayat and biradari system‟ for resolving their issues,
and it worked as a fundamental justice providing body. The preference for panchayat system was affirmed to be for
various reasons which firstly included; „confidentiality‟, “time efficiency‟ and „the complications of judicial law”
provided by the government

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Endogamy is one of the attributes of traditional societies in which preference is given to marry ... more Endogamy is one of the attributes of traditional societies in which preference is given to marry within caste, social class and kin group as it is thought to be the mode of creating bonds and alliances in families. The research was conducted to study the females’ perception and preference regarding endogamous marriages and to analyze the role of endogamous marriages in strengthening the marital alliances. The data were collected from 100 female respondents from a Public University in Rawalpindi City by adopting qualitative research technique and semi structured questionnaire. It has been found through this study that 61% of female respondents prefer to practice endogamy. During the study it was also revealed that endogamous marriages were less effective in strengthening the marital alliances. Due to the Social change contracted by Pakistani society endogamous marriages were being diminished due to social changes that seem to appear.

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