Rodrigo Hucke-Gaete | Universidad Austral de Chile (original) (raw)
Books by Rodrigo Hucke-Gaete
La importancia de la región Chiloé-Corcovado para las ballenas azules, la diversidad biológica y ... more La importancia de la región Chiloé-Corcovado para las ballenas azules, la diversidad biológica y el desarrollo sustentable The importance of the Chiloe-Corcovado region for blue whales, biological diversity and sustainable development iv Volcán Corcovado y golfo de Corcovado / Corcovado volcano and Corcovado Gulf. Foto / Photo: R. Hucke-Gaete / CBA. v
La investigación realizada para este libro ha sido apoyada de forma complementaria por las ONGs C... more La investigación realizada para este libro ha sido apoyada de forma complementaria por las ONGs Centro Ballena Azul, WWF-Chile y Whitley Fund for Nature. Agradecemos al numeroso equipo de científicos, estudiantes y voluntarios que han participado de las campañas de terreno y de otras instancias relacionadas.
Papers by Rodrigo Hucke-Gaete
Animal migration can be defined as a persistent to and from movement of populations between areas... more Animal migration can be defined as a persistent to and from movement of populations between areas where conditions are alternately favorable or unfavorable (Dingle and Drake 2007). This definition invokes time and space, making it possible to identify patterns in populations that perform these regular movements. In the marine environment, changing conditions may occur seasonally, leading some species of marine vertebrates to adjust their life history to a migratory dynamic, often moving great distances between high resource areas (for feeding and/or breeding) (Corkeron and Connor 1999). There is unequivocal evidence for this migration pattern in humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae (Rasmussen et al. 2007) and some indications of a similar migration in fin whales, Balaenoptera physalus (Mizroch et al. 1984); thus, it has been argued by analogy that the pattern holds also for blue whales (Mackintosh 1966). However, information about migratory movements is still speculative for blue whales and mostly inferred by indirect methods such as genetics and acoustics (e.g., Stafford et al. 1999, LeDuc et al. 2007, Samaran et al. 2013, Torres-Florez et al. 2014a). Also satellite tag data has yielded information on migratory movements in the Indian Ocean, northeast Pacific, and southeast Pacific (Hucke-Gaete 2004, Bailey et al. 2009, Double et al. 2014).
This study examined the recovery process of an Antarctic fur-seal population, starting from minim... more This study examined the recovery process of an Antarctic fur-seal population, starting from minimal numbers after commercial exploitation to the now largest breeding population in the South Shetland Archipelago, Cape Shirreff and San Telmo Islets. It used direct census data from 20 breeding seasons (including 11 consecutive years) that spanned over 45 years. Since early population estimates, pup production increased at an intrinsic rate of ca. 20% which, during the last decade, dramatically slowed to 4.6%. The populationchange trajectory is currently converging into a tightly bounded oscillation around an apparent equilibrium (carrying capacity), which is an order of magnitude lower than those levels before exploitation began. This pattern suggests the onset of an alternative stable state and highlights the far-reaching implications of strong and large-scale perturbations on marine systems.
… of the Royal …, Jan 1, 2004
AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment, Jan 1, 2011
Southern Chile encompasses one of the most extensive fjord regions of the world, the Patagonia, c... more Southern Chile encompasses one of the most extensive fjord regions of the world, the Patagonia, currently exposed to natural and anthropogenic perturbations. These fjord ecosystems provide important services to humans, which have not been adequately measured and valued. As a consequence, ecosystem services are commonly ignored in public policy design and in the evaluation of development projects. Here we tackle questions that are highly relevant for the nation's development, namely (1) understanding fjord functioning, and (2) developing management strategies based on ecosystem services, in order to secure simultaneous and adequate use of these ecosystems which area influenced by ecological (e.g., biogeochemical) and productive (e.g., aquaculture, fisheries) processes. We also seek to strengthen the analysis of fjord ecosystem value from the economical (including coastal zoning), socio-cultural, institutional, and governmental points of view. In addition, the investigation of current and future effects of climate change on this large region offers a unique opportunity to understand the social and economic consequences of a global phenomenon at local to regional scales. Biogeochemical and socio-economic models will be used to simulate future scenarios under a gamut of management options.
Marine Mammal …, Jan 1, 2010
ABSTRACT 1. Blue whale locations in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean were obtain... more ABSTRACT 1. Blue whale locations in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean were obtained from catches (303 239), sightings (4383 records of 8058 whales), strandings (103), Discovery marks (2191) and recoveries (95), and acoustic recordings. 2. Sighting surveys included 7 480 450 km of effort plus 14 676 days with unmeasured effort. Groups usually consisted of solitary whales (65.2%) or pairs (24.6%); larger feeding aggregations of unassociated individuals were only rarely observed.
ABSTRACT: Animal movement is a central topic in ecology, as movements are crucial to habitat sele... more ABSTRACT: Animal movement is a central topic in ecology, as movements are crucial to habitat selection, foraging and spatial population ecology. Movement is a primary mechanism coupling animals to their environment, as organisms respond to environmental heterogeneity at different spatio-temporal scales. The fjord system in southern Chile is highly heterogeneous and sustains poorly known dolphin species, including the sympatric Chilean Cephalorhynchus eutropia and Peale's Lagenorhynchus australis dolphins.
Interactions of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) and killer whales (Orcinus orca) with Patag... more Interactions of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) and killer whales (Orcinus orca) with Patagonian toothfi sh (Dissostichus eleginoides) fi shery operations were assessed in southern Chile during surveys with observers on board industrial fi shing vessels between April 2002 and March 2003. For the 180 hauls monitored, the evidence of damaged catch when cetaceans were present included toothfi sh lips (n = 121), heads (n = 16) and trunks (n = 3). The mean rate of depredation was 3% (±2% CI 95%; n = 180 sets) and ranged between 0 and 100%. Considering that no interactions were recorded in 153 (84%) of the effectively monitored sets, and that the mode and median of the depredation rate was 0, the global impact of cetaceans on the fi shing yield is considered to be low. When mixed sightings of killer and sperm whales were encountered (n = 12), the rate of depredation decreased to 0%; this could be the result of killer whales preferring to predate on sperm whales rather than on the fi sh caught on the line, as suggested by the response of sperm whales to the presence of killer whales (grouping into tight parallel formations). High sperm whale densities were found to be associated with various 'hotspots' which had high fi shing yields. This relationship tends to support the hypothesis that the richest fi shing grounds are also traditional feeding grounds for sperm whales. Financial loss associated with operational interactions involving depredation was US$92 684 (CI 95% US$47 302-153 745) for the whole fl eet, with a mean loss per set of US$138 (CI 95% US$74.76-249.3). Résumé Les interactions de cachalots (Physeter macrocephalus) et d'orques (Orcinus orca) avec les opérations de pêche à la légine australe (Dissostichus eleginoides) ont fait l'objet d'une évaluation dans le sud du Chili au cours de campagnes d'évaluation menées en présence d'observateurs d'avril 2002 à mars 2003 sur des navires de pêche industrielle. Pour les
ICES Journal of …, Jan 1, 2010
surveys on platforms of opportunity were undertaken in southern Chile to evaluate species richnes... more surveys on platforms of opportunity were undertaken in southern Chile to evaluate species richness and the spatial and seasonal distribution of cetaceans. Nine species were recorded, blue, humpback, and minke whales, Peale's dolphin, Chilean dolphin, killer whale, false killer whale, bottlenose dolphin, and Cuvier's beaked whale. The pattern of cetacean distribution displayed significant seasonal differences, with most baleen whales (mysticetes) observed during late summer and autumn, and toothed cetaceans (odontocetes) mostly during spring. Generalized additive models, used to assess the spatial distribution of cetaceans, showed that mysticetes were distributed disproportionately along a north -south gradient, in open gulfs with oceanic influence, and close to shore. In contrast, odontocetes were observed mainly within narrow channels, areas with complex coastal morphology, peaking at different water depths. These findings, although from a single year of data, increase our understanding of habitat determinants of cetacean distribution in southern Chile. The results have the potential to be applied to coastal conservation and management in the region.
Aquatic …, Jan 1, 2010
The common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is a cosmopolitan species that does not range ... more The common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is a cosmopolitan species that does not range to latitudes greater than 45º in either hemisphere, with a few exceptions. In South American waters, this species is generally distributed in the Atlantic Ocean south to Chubut province (ca. 46º S), while in the eastern South Pacific this species has been recorded in northern and central Chile, with a few records south to 40º S. Here we summarize recent records of common bottlenose dolphins obtained during systematic marine mammal surveys in the Chilean Patagonian and Fuegian channels and fjords (the Los Lagos, Aysén, and Magallanes regions of Chile). These data suggest an extension of the documented range of the species southwards, indicating that bottlenose dolphins may have colonized new areas in the eastern South Pacific or as the result of an increase in survey efforts by scientists in the region.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in b... more The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original docum and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
Serie Científica Instituto …, Jan 1, 1999
Serie científica. Instituto Antártico …, Jan 1, 1997
We compiled records of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) found entangled in marine debr... more We compiled records of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) found entangled in marine debris (neck collars) at SSSI Nº32 and CEMP site 'Cape Shirreff and San Telmo islets', Livingston island, Antarctica, obtained during the summer seasons between 1988 and 1997.
SIDALC - Servicio de Informacion y Documentacion Agropecuaria de las Americas.
Estudios Oceanológicos (Chile), Jan 1, 1999
Chile es miembro de diferentes Convenciones Internacionales que enfocan sus esfuerzos a la conser... more Chile es miembro de diferentes Convenciones Internacionales que enfocan sus esfuerzos a la conservación de los recursos naturales. Las convenciones han sido pobremente implementadas administrativa, científica y técnicamente en el país (habiendo excepciones), y lo que es más grave, son escasamente conocidas por muchos especialistas y el común de la ciudadanía, para permitir su participación. Es necesario que los adecuados organismos nacionales que las manejen, mantengan los nexos con secretarias de convenciones, establezcan Comités científico-técnico nacionales que deben operar sobre la base de estrategias (políticas) nacionales elaboradas para cada uno de esos instrumentos internacionales. Se hace una revisión de las Convenciones a las cuales el país ha adherido, su implementación y experiencias en su gestión nacional, como aporte al concierto internacional. Se presenta la relación de especies de aves y mamíferos presentes en Chile para cada uno de esos instrumentos internacionales y se discute su aplicación en el país.
La importancia de la región Chiloé-Corcovado para las ballenas azules, la diversidad biológica y ... more La importancia de la región Chiloé-Corcovado para las ballenas azules, la diversidad biológica y el desarrollo sustentable The importance of the Chiloe-Corcovado region for blue whales, biological diversity and sustainable development iv Volcán Corcovado y golfo de Corcovado / Corcovado volcano and Corcovado Gulf. Foto / Photo: R. Hucke-Gaete / CBA. v
La investigación realizada para este libro ha sido apoyada de forma complementaria por las ONGs C... more La investigación realizada para este libro ha sido apoyada de forma complementaria por las ONGs Centro Ballena Azul, WWF-Chile y Whitley Fund for Nature. Agradecemos al numeroso equipo de científicos, estudiantes y voluntarios que han participado de las campañas de terreno y de otras instancias relacionadas.
Animal migration can be defined as a persistent to and from movement of populations between areas... more Animal migration can be defined as a persistent to and from movement of populations between areas where conditions are alternately favorable or unfavorable (Dingle and Drake 2007). This definition invokes time and space, making it possible to identify patterns in populations that perform these regular movements. In the marine environment, changing conditions may occur seasonally, leading some species of marine vertebrates to adjust their life history to a migratory dynamic, often moving great distances between high resource areas (for feeding and/or breeding) (Corkeron and Connor 1999). There is unequivocal evidence for this migration pattern in humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae (Rasmussen et al. 2007) and some indications of a similar migration in fin whales, Balaenoptera physalus (Mizroch et al. 1984); thus, it has been argued by analogy that the pattern holds also for blue whales (Mackintosh 1966). However, information about migratory movements is still speculative for blue whales and mostly inferred by indirect methods such as genetics and acoustics (e.g., Stafford et al. 1999, LeDuc et al. 2007, Samaran et al. 2013, Torres-Florez et al. 2014a). Also satellite tag data has yielded information on migratory movements in the Indian Ocean, northeast Pacific, and southeast Pacific (Hucke-Gaete 2004, Bailey et al. 2009, Double et al. 2014).
This study examined the recovery process of an Antarctic fur-seal population, starting from minim... more This study examined the recovery process of an Antarctic fur-seal population, starting from minimal numbers after commercial exploitation to the now largest breeding population in the South Shetland Archipelago, Cape Shirreff and San Telmo Islets. It used direct census data from 20 breeding seasons (including 11 consecutive years) that spanned over 45 years. Since early population estimates, pup production increased at an intrinsic rate of ca. 20% which, during the last decade, dramatically slowed to 4.6%. The populationchange trajectory is currently converging into a tightly bounded oscillation around an apparent equilibrium (carrying capacity), which is an order of magnitude lower than those levels before exploitation began. This pattern suggests the onset of an alternative stable state and highlights the far-reaching implications of strong and large-scale perturbations on marine systems.
… of the Royal …, Jan 1, 2004
AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment, Jan 1, 2011
Southern Chile encompasses one of the most extensive fjord regions of the world, the Patagonia, c... more Southern Chile encompasses one of the most extensive fjord regions of the world, the Patagonia, currently exposed to natural and anthropogenic perturbations. These fjord ecosystems provide important services to humans, which have not been adequately measured and valued. As a consequence, ecosystem services are commonly ignored in public policy design and in the evaluation of development projects. Here we tackle questions that are highly relevant for the nation's development, namely (1) understanding fjord functioning, and (2) developing management strategies based on ecosystem services, in order to secure simultaneous and adequate use of these ecosystems which area influenced by ecological (e.g., biogeochemical) and productive (e.g., aquaculture, fisheries) processes. We also seek to strengthen the analysis of fjord ecosystem value from the economical (including coastal zoning), socio-cultural, institutional, and governmental points of view. In addition, the investigation of current and future effects of climate change on this large region offers a unique opportunity to understand the social and economic consequences of a global phenomenon at local to regional scales. Biogeochemical and socio-economic models will be used to simulate future scenarios under a gamut of management options.
Marine Mammal …, Jan 1, 2010
ABSTRACT 1. Blue whale locations in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean were obtain... more ABSTRACT 1. Blue whale locations in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean were obtained from catches (303 239), sightings (4383 records of 8058 whales), strandings (103), Discovery marks (2191) and recoveries (95), and acoustic recordings. 2. Sighting surveys included 7 480 450 km of effort plus 14 676 days with unmeasured effort. Groups usually consisted of solitary whales (65.2%) or pairs (24.6%); larger feeding aggregations of unassociated individuals were only rarely observed.
ABSTRACT: Animal movement is a central topic in ecology, as movements are crucial to habitat sele... more ABSTRACT: Animal movement is a central topic in ecology, as movements are crucial to habitat selection, foraging and spatial population ecology. Movement is a primary mechanism coupling animals to their environment, as organisms respond to environmental heterogeneity at different spatio-temporal scales. The fjord system in southern Chile is highly heterogeneous and sustains poorly known dolphin species, including the sympatric Chilean Cephalorhynchus eutropia and Peale's Lagenorhynchus australis dolphins.
Interactions of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) and killer whales (Orcinus orca) with Patag... more Interactions of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) and killer whales (Orcinus orca) with Patagonian toothfi sh (Dissostichus eleginoides) fi shery operations were assessed in southern Chile during surveys with observers on board industrial fi shing vessels between April 2002 and March 2003. For the 180 hauls monitored, the evidence of damaged catch when cetaceans were present included toothfi sh lips (n = 121), heads (n = 16) and trunks (n = 3). The mean rate of depredation was 3% (±2% CI 95%; n = 180 sets) and ranged between 0 and 100%. Considering that no interactions were recorded in 153 (84%) of the effectively monitored sets, and that the mode and median of the depredation rate was 0, the global impact of cetaceans on the fi shing yield is considered to be low. When mixed sightings of killer and sperm whales were encountered (n = 12), the rate of depredation decreased to 0%; this could be the result of killer whales preferring to predate on sperm whales rather than on the fi sh caught on the line, as suggested by the response of sperm whales to the presence of killer whales (grouping into tight parallel formations). High sperm whale densities were found to be associated with various 'hotspots' which had high fi shing yields. This relationship tends to support the hypothesis that the richest fi shing grounds are also traditional feeding grounds for sperm whales. Financial loss associated with operational interactions involving depredation was US$92 684 (CI 95% US$47 302-153 745) for the whole fl eet, with a mean loss per set of US$138 (CI 95% US$74.76-249.3). Résumé Les interactions de cachalots (Physeter macrocephalus) et d'orques (Orcinus orca) avec les opérations de pêche à la légine australe (Dissostichus eleginoides) ont fait l'objet d'une évaluation dans le sud du Chili au cours de campagnes d'évaluation menées en présence d'observateurs d'avril 2002 à mars 2003 sur des navires de pêche industrielle. Pour les
ICES Journal of …, Jan 1, 2010
surveys on platforms of opportunity were undertaken in southern Chile to evaluate species richnes... more surveys on platforms of opportunity were undertaken in southern Chile to evaluate species richness and the spatial and seasonal distribution of cetaceans. Nine species were recorded, blue, humpback, and minke whales, Peale's dolphin, Chilean dolphin, killer whale, false killer whale, bottlenose dolphin, and Cuvier's beaked whale. The pattern of cetacean distribution displayed significant seasonal differences, with most baleen whales (mysticetes) observed during late summer and autumn, and toothed cetaceans (odontocetes) mostly during spring. Generalized additive models, used to assess the spatial distribution of cetaceans, showed that mysticetes were distributed disproportionately along a north -south gradient, in open gulfs with oceanic influence, and close to shore. In contrast, odontocetes were observed mainly within narrow channels, areas with complex coastal morphology, peaking at different water depths. These findings, although from a single year of data, increase our understanding of habitat determinants of cetacean distribution in southern Chile. The results have the potential to be applied to coastal conservation and management in the region.
Aquatic …, Jan 1, 2010
The common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is a cosmopolitan species that does not range ... more The common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is a cosmopolitan species that does not range to latitudes greater than 45º in either hemisphere, with a few exceptions. In South American waters, this species is generally distributed in the Atlantic Ocean south to Chubut province (ca. 46º S), while in the eastern South Pacific this species has been recorded in northern and central Chile, with a few records south to 40º S. Here we summarize recent records of common bottlenose dolphins obtained during systematic marine mammal surveys in the Chilean Patagonian and Fuegian channels and fjords (the Los Lagos, Aysén, and Magallanes regions of Chile). These data suggest an extension of the documented range of the species southwards, indicating that bottlenose dolphins may have colonized new areas in the eastern South Pacific or as the result of an increase in survey efforts by scientists in the region.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in b... more The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original docum and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.
Serie Científica Instituto …, Jan 1, 1999
Serie científica. Instituto Antártico …, Jan 1, 1997
We compiled records of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) found entangled in marine debr... more We compiled records of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) found entangled in marine debris (neck collars) at SSSI Nº32 and CEMP site 'Cape Shirreff and San Telmo islets', Livingston island, Antarctica, obtained during the summer seasons between 1988 and 1997.
SIDALC - Servicio de Informacion y Documentacion Agropecuaria de las Americas.
Estudios Oceanológicos (Chile), Jan 1, 1999
Chile es miembro de diferentes Convenciones Internacionales que enfocan sus esfuerzos a la conser... more Chile es miembro de diferentes Convenciones Internacionales que enfocan sus esfuerzos a la conservación de los recursos naturales. Las convenciones han sido pobremente implementadas administrativa, científica y técnicamente en el país (habiendo excepciones), y lo que es más grave, son escasamente conocidas por muchos especialistas y el común de la ciudadanía, para permitir su participación. Es necesario que los adecuados organismos nacionales que las manejen, mantengan los nexos con secretarias de convenciones, establezcan Comités científico-técnico nacionales que deben operar sobre la base de estrategias (políticas) nacionales elaboradas para cada uno de esos instrumentos internacionales. Se hace una revisión de las Convenciones a las cuales el país ha adherido, su implementación y experiencias en su gestión nacional, como aporte al concierto internacional. Se presenta la relación de especies de aves y mamíferos presentes en Chile para cada uno de esos instrumentos internacionales y se discute su aplicación en el país.
