Muhammad Zargham Khan | University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan (original) (raw)

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Papers by Muhammad Zargham Khan

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Jul 10, 2017

Toxin Reviews, Jan 25, 2017

Aflatoxin and ochratoxin are important mycotoxins formed by different species of Aspergillus and ... more Aflatoxin and ochratoxin are important mycotoxins formed by different species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. The purpose of this study was to check the toxic pathological effects of moldy feed in White Leghorn (WLH) hens and to estimate the amelioration by distillery yeast sludge (DYS) against mycotoxins. For this purpose, 100, 40-weeks old WLH hens were procured and kept under standard management conditions. Birds were divided in five equal groups. Birds were kept on moldy feed (ochratoxin A (OTA): 56 mg/kg and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1): 136 mg/kg) mixed with 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% DYS/kg moldy feed. Group A served as control. The birds of the control group were active, with normal feed intake and feathers as compared to moldy feed and in combination with DYS. The attraction toward feed and water, feed intake, body weight gain, egg production (%) and egg weight significantly (p 0.05) decreased in the moldy group as compared to control group. The relative weight of liver, kidney, heart and spleen increased significantly in groups B (moldy feed) and C (moldy feed + 0.5% DYS) as compared to control group. Total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC), hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit lowered significantly in B and C groups. Moldy feed in liver, kidney and spleen produced pathological changes like enlargement, ecchymotic hemorrhages on the surface, vacuolar degeneration, cellular infiltration, congestion, etc. Almost all parameters studied were normal compared to control group with the addition of 2% DYS in moldy feed while 1% DYS partially ameliorated the toxic effects of mycotoxins.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Jul 26, 2022

Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 2013

World Mycotoxin Journal, Sep 7, 2017

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2021

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of yeast sludge (YS) and its components against och... more Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of yeast sludge (YS) and its components against ochratoxin A (OTA) in broiler chicks. Methods: Ochratoxin A (OTA) was produced through solid state fermentation, and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A total of 1250 one-day old broiler chicks of Arbreaker breed were randomly assigned to five diet groups (A - E) replicated five times in such a way that each replicate had 50 chicks. The five diet groups were: A (normal poultry feed), B (200 µg/kg OTA), C (200 µg/kg OTA plus 2 g/kg YS), D (200 µg/kg OTA plus 2 g/kg yeast sludge cell mass, YSCM), and E (200 µg/kg OTA plus 2 g/kg yeast sludge cell wall (YSCW). The study lasted 35 days. Indices of liver and kidney functions were determined, as well as histopathological examination of samples of kidney, liver and bursa of Fabricius. Results: Supplementation of chicks diet with OTA at a dose of 200 ppb significantly reduced serum levels of total protein (TP), albumin...

Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 2014

Received: Revised: Accepted: July 29, 2013 January 22, 2014 May 15, 2014 The present study was co... more Received: Revised: Accepted: July 29, 2013 January 22, 2014 May 15, 2014 The present study was conducted to evaluate the lipid lowering effect of a herbal mixture (containing garlic, lemon, ginger, apple vinegar and honey) in hyperlipidemic adult male albino mice. Animals were divided into six groups. Except normal control group, which was kept on routine mice feed, the rest of the groups were provided with atherogenic diet for 0-15 days (lead-in period) to induce hyperlipidemia. After that period mixture was fed to hyperlipidemic albino mice at the dose level of 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 ml/kg BW to three treated groups, respectively, for 15-60 days as cellulose replacement in atherogenic diet. Simvastatin (synthetic lipid lowering drug, as reference standard) at the dose rate of 0.6mg/kg BW was fed to the hyperlipidemic albino mice of treated control group for 15-60 days as cellulose replacement in atherogenic diet while untreated control group was kept on atherogenic diet as such. Blood s...

Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2021

Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 2018

Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2013

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2011

Journal of Comparative Pathology, 2009

British Poultry Science, 2013

1. L-carnitine is a quaternary ammonium compound biologically synthesised from the amino acids me... more 1. L-carnitine is a quaternary ammonium compound biologically synthesised from the amino acids methionine and lysine while vitamin E (α-tocopherol) is an important antioxidant. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of L-carnitine and vitamin E upon haematological and serum biochemical parameters in ochratoxin A intoxicated birds. 2. Day-old White Leghorn cockerels were acclimatised for 2 d, divided in 12 groups with 20 birds in each group. From d 3 of age, they were given different combinations of ochratoxin A (1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg), L-carnitine (1 g/kg) and vitamin E (200 mg/kg) in feed. Haematological (erythrocyte count, leucocyte count, haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit percentage) and serum biochemical parameters (serum urea, creatinine, albumin, total proteins and alanine aminotransferase) were evaluated. 3. Results confirmed that L-carnitine and vitamin E given alone or combined with 1.0 mg/kg ochratoxin A ameliorated toxin induced alterations in haematological and serum biochemical parameters. This amelioration, however, did not occur when ochratoxin of 2.0 mg/kg was given. 4. L-carnitine and vitamin E in combination have the ability to ameliorate ochratoxin altered haematological and serum biochemical parameters. However, the optimum ratio of L-carnitine + vitamin E, to be used to assure such mitigation of ochratoxin A altered changes in haematological and serum biochemical parameters in cockerels, has yet to be determined. The combination used in this study was indeed sufficient to ameliorate the alterations induced by ochratoxin A up to 1.0 mg/kg feed.

Avian Pathology, 2008

The objective of the present study was to investigate the toxico-pathological effects of diclofen... more The objective of the present study was to investigate the toxico-pathological effects of diclofenac in different avian species including broiler chicks (Gallus gallus, 15 days old), pigeons (Columba livia, 3 months old), Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica, 4 weeks old) and mynah (Acridotheres tristis, independent young). For each species, five groups each containing 10 birds were maintained and administered diclofenac sodium orally at dose rates of 0, 0.25, 2.5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight, respectively, for seven consecutive days. Clinical signs in all species included depression, somnolence, decreased body weight and mortality. Severity of clinical disease increased in a dose-related manner and was most severe in broiler chicks, followed by pigeons, Japanese quail, and was least severe in mynah. Serum creatinine levels were elevated in all species. Serum urea levels varied non-significantly in broiler birds, significantly decreased in pigeons and significantly elevated in Japanese quail and mynah. Broiler chicks and pigeons administered 10 and 20 mg diclofenac/kg had visceral gout; however, this was not observed in Japanese quail and mynah. The kidneys and liver were enlarged in all species. Histologically, the kidneys of all species showed acute renal necrosis and the livers had fatty change and necrosis of hepatocytes. The kidneys and liver of broiler chicks and pigeons given 10 and 20 mg/kg diclofenac also exhibited uric acid crystal aggregates (tophi) and associated lesions in the parenchyma.