DC Sego - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by DC Sego
Classifying variability of material properties in mine waste rock
CIM Journal, 2019
Field Testing of Axial Performance of Large-Diameter Helical Piles at Two Soil Sites
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2018
AbstractHelical piles are being used extensively in engineering applications in western Canada. T... more AbstractHelical piles are being used extensively in engineering applications in western Canada. There are insufficient studies on the axial load-transfer mechanism (ALTM) for helical piles, which r...
Geotechnical behaviour of sand containing a gas hydrate, phase 1
Dependence of Soil Salinity Measurements on Temperature and Probe Length
Current Practices in Cold Regions Engineering, 2006
... PH: +1 (780) 492-0200; FAX: +1 (780) 492-8198: email: lukas.arenson@ualberta.ca 3 Professor; ... more ... PH: +1 (780) 492-0200; FAX: +1 (780) 492-8198: email: lukas.arenson@ualberta.ca 3 Professor; PH: +1 (780) 492-2059; FAX: +1 (780) 492-8198; email: dave.sego@ualberta.ca 4 Professor; PH: +1 (780) 492-2534; FAX: +1 (780) 492 8198; email: kevin.biggar@ualberta.ca ...
Modeling the Freezing in Coarse Grained Sands on a Microstructural Level
Current Practices in Cold Regions Engineering, 2006
ABSTRACT The mechanical properties of frozen soils depend on the structure of and the interaction... more ABSTRACT The mechanical properties of frozen soils depend on the structure of and the interaction between four phases: solid particles, ice crystals, unfrozen water and gas. Laboratory investigations on coarse grained sands show that the thermal conductivity of the various phases control the advance of the freezing front and the growth of the ice crystals on a microstructural level within the soil for different temperature conditions. The consequence is that the structure of the frozen soil changes until the soil reaches steady state thermal conditions. One-dimensional freezing tests further showed changes in the growth of the ice crystals in saline pore water due to solute rejection during phase change of the water. Based on these laboratory investigations numerical modeling was performed using finite elements. The numerical modeling allowed for investigating the effects of the four phases and their heat conductivity ratios on one-and two dimensional freezing. The modeling further confirmed that depending on the temperature gradient and freezing rates, different structures within the frozen soil are to be expected. Even though these numerical investigations were solely based on thermal modeling, i.e. changes in stress due to freezing were ignored, qualitative conclusions can be drawn about the variation in strength and creep behavior of a coarse grained frozen soil based on its thermal history. Depending on the volumetric content of the components and the heat conduction ratios between the four different constituents a freezing rate exists at which the freezing front advances uniformly to freeze the sample. On the other hand, rapid freezing results in a heterogeneous structure of the frozen soils and pockets of unfrozen water must be expected, which will weaken the partially frozen soil.
Long Term Performance of a Reinforced Clay Embankment
Geosynthetics Research and Development in Progress, 2008
Water Research, 2004
The spray freezing process, a natural freezing technology, was used to treat pulp mill effluent a... more The spray freezing process, a natural freezing technology, was used to treat pulp mill effluent and oil sands tailings pond water. The wastewaters froze partially or completely (i.e. with or without runoff generation) during the spraying operation. Greater than 60% impurity reduction in the spray ice was obtained when 30% of the total volume of the sprayed water was released as runoff. Organic and inorganic contaminants were rejected with different efficiencies. The impurities were uniformly distributed within the ice columns when the spray ice was produced without generating any runoff. While a significant increase in impurity concentration was observed at the bottom of the ice formed with runoff production. The spray freezing process is an effective and economically feasible technique for wastewater treatment in cold regions. To achieve higher impurity removal efficiency, the wastewater should be only partially frozen during spray ice production.
Scour of Cohesive Soil by Submerged Circular Turbulent Impinging Jets
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2001
ABSTRACT
Freeze-Thaw Dewatering and Structural Enhancement of Fine Coal Tails
Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, 1995
An 18.2-ha coal tainlings impoundment that reached full capacity in 1989 has since been undergoin... more An 18.2-ha coal tainlings impoundment that reached full capacity in 1989 has since been undergoing reclamation activities. The impoundment is sectioned into coarse, intermediate, and fine tails regions. The fine tails region, which consists of saturated silt and clay-size soil and coal particles of high void ratio and negligible shear strength, offers unique problems in terms of reclamation to a dry-surface landscape condition. Freeze-thaw consolidation and dewatering is an effective process for transforming these fine coal tails to a condition of a weak soil with measurable shear strength. Consolidation of the fine tails is found to occur both within and below the frost front. Within the frozen zone, localized moisture migration results in the development of a three-dimensional consolidated soil ped and ice-lence structure. Upon thaw, the consolidated peds settle by gravity, with the water escaping to the surface through the fissured soil ped structure. Thermal-induced suction gradients developed at the advancing frost front result in moisture migration and dewatering of saturated fine tails below the frost front. These two freeze-thaw consolidation and dewatering processes are described, along with models for predicting potential volumes of freeze-thaw treated material for given climatic conditions. Field results showing the significance of these processes on the dewatering and strength enhancement of fine coal tails are also presented. This dewatering and strength development provides the opportunity to implement dry rather than wet landscape reclamation procedures during reclamation of these waste-storage facilities.
Freezing behavior of freely suspended industrial wastewater droplets
Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2000
The freezing behavior of freely suspended piggery wastewater, pulp mill effluent and oil sands ta... more The freezing behavior of freely suspended piggery wastewater, pulp mill effluent and oil sands tailings pond water droplets was investigated in a specially designed vertical wind tunnel. The entire freezing process was recorded by video cameras and observed visually. The droplets were frozen under different ambient air temperature conditions while floating in the cold air stream. The video images revealed that ice nucleation in the freely suspended water droplets started at the edge of the bottom of the droplets and propagated over the entire surface enclosing the drop in an ice shell under all temperature conditions. The speed of the droplet surface freezing was a function of the ambient air temperature and the chemical characteristic of the water. Most droplets decreased in terminal velocity after freezing. Fracture of ice shell with concentrate discharge was observed for the frozen pulp mill effluent and oil sands tailings pond water droplets.
Time-dependent displacement behaviour of model adfreeze and grouted piles in saline frozen soils
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1994
The findings of a laboratory study on the time-dependent displacement of model piles in saline fr... more The findings of a laboratory study on the time-dependent displacement of model piles in saline frozen soil are reported. The short-term time-dependent pile deformation in ice-poor saline silty sand was best described using a simple power law of time, whereas the long-term time-dependent deformations were best described using a flow law formulation similar to that used to describe the long-term time-dependent deformation of ice or ice-rich permafrost. The use of cementitious grout as a backfill resulted in doubling of the pile load carrying capacity for a given displacement rate. The laboratory test results compare well with other laboratory and field studies. Key words : frozen soil, saline, model pile, time-dependent deformation, sand backfill, grout.
Strength of frozen saline soils
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1995
This paper summarizes an extensive laboratory program undertaken to study the influence of soil t... more This paper summarizes an extensive laboratory program undertaken to study the influence of soil type, temperature, and salinity on the strength of three different frozen soils under conditions of unconfined constant strain rate tests. Since the effects of temperature and salinity can be unified by studying the variation of unfrozen water content, measurements of unfrozen water at different temperatures were carried out using the time-domain reflectometry (TDR) method. The stress–strain behavior is influenced by the presence of fine particles in the soil, and an increase in temperature and salinity (unfrozen water content) causes a significant loss of strength. For each soil tested, a predictive model of its strength in terms of salinity and temperature (unfrozen water content) is presented. Key words : frozen soil, saline, unfrozen water, strength.
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1999
Laboratory and field experiments demonstrate that substantial dewatering occurs when the waste cl... more Laboratory and field experiments demonstrate that substantial dewatering occurs when the waste clay from oil sands operations is subjected to one cycle of freeze-thaw. The enhanced permeability resulting from the freezing process causes further dewatering and accompanying strength increases during post-thaw consolidation. The findings presented here were guided by a number of different materials handling scenarios which take advantage of the freeze-thaw process and are driven by the appropriate geotechnical, geochemical, and geothermal input parameters. Different conceptual design scenarios are examined to demonstrate how this process might be feasibly implemented at the commercial scale. Emphasis is placed on the large-scale requirements, sensitivity to input parameters, and the coupling of the continuing applied research with the conceptual materials handling models. The latter point is of generic interest to those involved in mine waste management.Key words: mine wastes, freeze-t...
Color and chlorinated organics removal from pulp mills wastewater using activated petroleum coke
Water Research, 2001
Delayed petroleum coke, a waste by-product from the oil sand industry, was utilized in the produc... more Delayed petroleum coke, a waste by-product from the oil sand industry, was utilized in the production of activated carbon. The activated carbon was then evaluated for color and chlorinated organics reduction from pulp mill wastewater. The activation of the petroleum coke was evaluated using a fixed bed reactor involving carbonization and activation steps at temperature of 850 degrees C and using steam as the activation medium. The activation results showed that the maximum surface area of the activated coke was achieved at an activation period of 4 h. The maximum surface area occurred at burnoff and water efficiency of 48.5 and 54.3%, respectively. Increasing the activation period to 6 h resulted in a decrease in the surface area. Methylene blue adsorption results indicated that the activation process was successful. Methylene blue adsorbed per 100 g of applied activated coke was 10 times higher than that adsorbed by raw petroleum coke. Adsorption equilibrium results of the bleached wastewater and the activated coke showed that significant color, COD, DOC and AOX removal (> 90%) was achieved when the activated coke dose exceeded 15,000 mg/L. Adsorption isotherms, in terms of COD, DOC, UV and color were developed based on the batch equilibrium data. Based on these isotherms, the amount of activated coke required to achieve certain removal of color and AOX can be predicted. The utilization of the petroleum coke for the production of activated carbon can provide an excellent disposal option for the oil sand industry at the same time would provide a cheap and valuable activated carbon.
A clumped particle model for rock
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2007
... These features are also illustrated in Fig. 5 and in this sense, the PB model is a more reali... more ... These features are also illustrated in Fig. 5 and in this sense, the PB model is a more realistic bond model for rock-like materials whereby the bonds may break in either tension or shearing with an associated reduction in stiffness. ... 2.4.3. Effect of particle size. ...
Long-Term Pile Load Testing System Performance in Saline and Ice-Rich Permafrost
Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, 1996
ABSTRACT
Enlarged Base (Belled) Piles for Use in Ice or Ice-Rich Permafrost
Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, 2003
ABSTRACT
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2000
One of the primary objectives of the Canadian Liquefaction Experiment (CANLEX) project was to dev... more One of the primary objectives of the Canadian Liquefaction Experiment (CANLEX) project was to develop and evaluate undisturbed sampling techniques as part of the overall goal to focus and coordinate Canadian geotechnical expertise on the topic of soil liquefaction. Six sites were selected by the CANLEX project in an attempt to characterize various deposits of loose sandy soil. The sites consisted of a variety of soil deposits, including hydraulically placed sand deposits associated with the oil sands industry, natural sand deposits in the Fraser River Delta, and hydraulically placed sand deposits associated with the hard-rock mining industry. At each site, a target zone was selected and various methods of ground sampling were performed. These included ground freezing and sampling, fixed piston tube sampling, Christensen double-tube core sampling, large-diameter sampling using the Laval sampler, and sonic (rotary-vibratory) continuous coring. Ground freezing and sampling was performe...
A Test Fill for Geogrid Reinforcement of Cohesive Soils
A geogrid reinforced cohesive soil test embankment 12 metres high with 1:1 side slopes is under c... more A geogrid reinforced cohesive soil test embankment 12 metres high with 1:1 side slopes is under construction in the province of Alberta. Three different types of geogrids are being evaluated at the site, including tensar SR2, signode tnx-5001, and paragrid 50s. This paper outlines the geometric layout for the test fill and the design methods currently used for this type of reinforced slope. Instrumentation has been installed to monitor pore pressure responses and the deformations of both the in situ foundation soils and the compacted fill material. Through the analysis of the soil-geogrid interaction performance, a rational design approach will be developed for high geogrid reinforced slopes constructed with cohesive soils. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 807201.
New Method for Internal Pore-Water Pressure Measurements
Geotechnical Testing Journal, 2021
Classifying variability of material properties in mine waste rock
CIM Journal, 2019
Field Testing of Axial Performance of Large-Diameter Helical Piles at Two Soil Sites
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2018
AbstractHelical piles are being used extensively in engineering applications in western Canada. T... more AbstractHelical piles are being used extensively in engineering applications in western Canada. There are insufficient studies on the axial load-transfer mechanism (ALTM) for helical piles, which r...
Geotechnical behaviour of sand containing a gas hydrate, phase 1
Dependence of Soil Salinity Measurements on Temperature and Probe Length
Current Practices in Cold Regions Engineering, 2006
... PH: +1 (780) 492-0200; FAX: +1 (780) 492-8198: email: lukas.arenson@ualberta.ca 3 Professor; ... more ... PH: +1 (780) 492-0200; FAX: +1 (780) 492-8198: email: lukas.arenson@ualberta.ca 3 Professor; PH: +1 (780) 492-2059; FAX: +1 (780) 492-8198; email: dave.sego@ualberta.ca 4 Professor; PH: +1 (780) 492-2534; FAX: +1 (780) 492 8198; email: kevin.biggar@ualberta.ca ...
Modeling the Freezing in Coarse Grained Sands on a Microstructural Level
Current Practices in Cold Regions Engineering, 2006
ABSTRACT The mechanical properties of frozen soils depend on the structure of and the interaction... more ABSTRACT The mechanical properties of frozen soils depend on the structure of and the interaction between four phases: solid particles, ice crystals, unfrozen water and gas. Laboratory investigations on coarse grained sands show that the thermal conductivity of the various phases control the advance of the freezing front and the growth of the ice crystals on a microstructural level within the soil for different temperature conditions. The consequence is that the structure of the frozen soil changes until the soil reaches steady state thermal conditions. One-dimensional freezing tests further showed changes in the growth of the ice crystals in saline pore water due to solute rejection during phase change of the water. Based on these laboratory investigations numerical modeling was performed using finite elements. The numerical modeling allowed for investigating the effects of the four phases and their heat conductivity ratios on one-and two dimensional freezing. The modeling further confirmed that depending on the temperature gradient and freezing rates, different structures within the frozen soil are to be expected. Even though these numerical investigations were solely based on thermal modeling, i.e. changes in stress due to freezing were ignored, qualitative conclusions can be drawn about the variation in strength and creep behavior of a coarse grained frozen soil based on its thermal history. Depending on the volumetric content of the components and the heat conduction ratios between the four different constituents a freezing rate exists at which the freezing front advances uniformly to freeze the sample. On the other hand, rapid freezing results in a heterogeneous structure of the frozen soils and pockets of unfrozen water must be expected, which will weaken the partially frozen soil.
Long Term Performance of a Reinforced Clay Embankment
Geosynthetics Research and Development in Progress, 2008
Water Research, 2004
The spray freezing process, a natural freezing technology, was used to treat pulp mill effluent a... more The spray freezing process, a natural freezing technology, was used to treat pulp mill effluent and oil sands tailings pond water. The wastewaters froze partially or completely (i.e. with or without runoff generation) during the spraying operation. Greater than 60% impurity reduction in the spray ice was obtained when 30% of the total volume of the sprayed water was released as runoff. Organic and inorganic contaminants were rejected with different efficiencies. The impurities were uniformly distributed within the ice columns when the spray ice was produced without generating any runoff. While a significant increase in impurity concentration was observed at the bottom of the ice formed with runoff production. The spray freezing process is an effective and economically feasible technique for wastewater treatment in cold regions. To achieve higher impurity removal efficiency, the wastewater should be only partially frozen during spray ice production.
Scour of Cohesive Soil by Submerged Circular Turbulent Impinging Jets
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2001
ABSTRACT
Freeze-Thaw Dewatering and Structural Enhancement of Fine Coal Tails
Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, 1995
An 18.2-ha coal tainlings impoundment that reached full capacity in 1989 has since been undergoin... more An 18.2-ha coal tainlings impoundment that reached full capacity in 1989 has since been undergoing reclamation activities. The impoundment is sectioned into coarse, intermediate, and fine tails regions. The fine tails region, which consists of saturated silt and clay-size soil and coal particles of high void ratio and negligible shear strength, offers unique problems in terms of reclamation to a dry-surface landscape condition. Freeze-thaw consolidation and dewatering is an effective process for transforming these fine coal tails to a condition of a weak soil with measurable shear strength. Consolidation of the fine tails is found to occur both within and below the frost front. Within the frozen zone, localized moisture migration results in the development of a three-dimensional consolidated soil ped and ice-lence structure. Upon thaw, the consolidated peds settle by gravity, with the water escaping to the surface through the fissured soil ped structure. Thermal-induced suction gradients developed at the advancing frost front result in moisture migration and dewatering of saturated fine tails below the frost front. These two freeze-thaw consolidation and dewatering processes are described, along with models for predicting potential volumes of freeze-thaw treated material for given climatic conditions. Field results showing the significance of these processes on the dewatering and strength enhancement of fine coal tails are also presented. This dewatering and strength development provides the opportunity to implement dry rather than wet landscape reclamation procedures during reclamation of these waste-storage facilities.
Freezing behavior of freely suspended industrial wastewater droplets
Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2000
The freezing behavior of freely suspended piggery wastewater, pulp mill effluent and oil sands ta... more The freezing behavior of freely suspended piggery wastewater, pulp mill effluent and oil sands tailings pond water droplets was investigated in a specially designed vertical wind tunnel. The entire freezing process was recorded by video cameras and observed visually. The droplets were frozen under different ambient air temperature conditions while floating in the cold air stream. The video images revealed that ice nucleation in the freely suspended water droplets started at the edge of the bottom of the droplets and propagated over the entire surface enclosing the drop in an ice shell under all temperature conditions. The speed of the droplet surface freezing was a function of the ambient air temperature and the chemical characteristic of the water. Most droplets decreased in terminal velocity after freezing. Fracture of ice shell with concentrate discharge was observed for the frozen pulp mill effluent and oil sands tailings pond water droplets.
Time-dependent displacement behaviour of model adfreeze and grouted piles in saline frozen soils
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1994
The findings of a laboratory study on the time-dependent displacement of model piles in saline fr... more The findings of a laboratory study on the time-dependent displacement of model piles in saline frozen soil are reported. The short-term time-dependent pile deformation in ice-poor saline silty sand was best described using a simple power law of time, whereas the long-term time-dependent deformations were best described using a flow law formulation similar to that used to describe the long-term time-dependent deformation of ice or ice-rich permafrost. The use of cementitious grout as a backfill resulted in doubling of the pile load carrying capacity for a given displacement rate. The laboratory test results compare well with other laboratory and field studies. Key words : frozen soil, saline, model pile, time-dependent deformation, sand backfill, grout.
Strength of frozen saline soils
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1995
This paper summarizes an extensive laboratory program undertaken to study the influence of soil t... more This paper summarizes an extensive laboratory program undertaken to study the influence of soil type, temperature, and salinity on the strength of three different frozen soils under conditions of unconfined constant strain rate tests. Since the effects of temperature and salinity can be unified by studying the variation of unfrozen water content, measurements of unfrozen water at different temperatures were carried out using the time-domain reflectometry (TDR) method. The stress–strain behavior is influenced by the presence of fine particles in the soil, and an increase in temperature and salinity (unfrozen water content) causes a significant loss of strength. For each soil tested, a predictive model of its strength in terms of salinity and temperature (unfrozen water content) is presented. Key words : frozen soil, saline, unfrozen water, strength.
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 1999
Laboratory and field experiments demonstrate that substantial dewatering occurs when the waste cl... more Laboratory and field experiments demonstrate that substantial dewatering occurs when the waste clay from oil sands operations is subjected to one cycle of freeze-thaw. The enhanced permeability resulting from the freezing process causes further dewatering and accompanying strength increases during post-thaw consolidation. The findings presented here were guided by a number of different materials handling scenarios which take advantage of the freeze-thaw process and are driven by the appropriate geotechnical, geochemical, and geothermal input parameters. Different conceptual design scenarios are examined to demonstrate how this process might be feasibly implemented at the commercial scale. Emphasis is placed on the large-scale requirements, sensitivity to input parameters, and the coupling of the continuing applied research with the conceptual materials handling models. The latter point is of generic interest to those involved in mine waste management.Key words: mine wastes, freeze-t...
Color and chlorinated organics removal from pulp mills wastewater using activated petroleum coke
Water Research, 2001
Delayed petroleum coke, a waste by-product from the oil sand industry, was utilized in the produc... more Delayed petroleum coke, a waste by-product from the oil sand industry, was utilized in the production of activated carbon. The activated carbon was then evaluated for color and chlorinated organics reduction from pulp mill wastewater. The activation of the petroleum coke was evaluated using a fixed bed reactor involving carbonization and activation steps at temperature of 850 degrees C and using steam as the activation medium. The activation results showed that the maximum surface area of the activated coke was achieved at an activation period of 4 h. The maximum surface area occurred at burnoff and water efficiency of 48.5 and 54.3%, respectively. Increasing the activation period to 6 h resulted in a decrease in the surface area. Methylene blue adsorption results indicated that the activation process was successful. Methylene blue adsorbed per 100 g of applied activated coke was 10 times higher than that adsorbed by raw petroleum coke. Adsorption equilibrium results of the bleached wastewater and the activated coke showed that significant color, COD, DOC and AOX removal (> 90%) was achieved when the activated coke dose exceeded 15,000 mg/L. Adsorption isotherms, in terms of COD, DOC, UV and color were developed based on the batch equilibrium data. Based on these isotherms, the amount of activated coke required to achieve certain removal of color and AOX can be predicted. The utilization of the petroleum coke for the production of activated carbon can provide an excellent disposal option for the oil sand industry at the same time would provide a cheap and valuable activated carbon.
A clumped particle model for rock
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2007
... These features are also illustrated in Fig. 5 and in this sense, the PB model is a more reali... more ... These features are also illustrated in Fig. 5 and in this sense, the PB model is a more realistic bond model for rock-like materials whereby the bonds may break in either tension or shearing with an associated reduction in stiffness. ... 2.4.3. Effect of particle size. ...
Long-Term Pile Load Testing System Performance in Saline and Ice-Rich Permafrost
Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, 1996
ABSTRACT
Enlarged Base (Belled) Piles for Use in Ice or Ice-Rich Permafrost
Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, 2003
ABSTRACT
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2000
One of the primary objectives of the Canadian Liquefaction Experiment (CANLEX) project was to dev... more One of the primary objectives of the Canadian Liquefaction Experiment (CANLEX) project was to develop and evaluate undisturbed sampling techniques as part of the overall goal to focus and coordinate Canadian geotechnical expertise on the topic of soil liquefaction. Six sites were selected by the CANLEX project in an attempt to characterize various deposits of loose sandy soil. The sites consisted of a variety of soil deposits, including hydraulically placed sand deposits associated with the oil sands industry, natural sand deposits in the Fraser River Delta, and hydraulically placed sand deposits associated with the hard-rock mining industry. At each site, a target zone was selected and various methods of ground sampling were performed. These included ground freezing and sampling, fixed piston tube sampling, Christensen double-tube core sampling, large-diameter sampling using the Laval sampler, and sonic (rotary-vibratory) continuous coring. Ground freezing and sampling was performe...
A Test Fill for Geogrid Reinforcement of Cohesive Soils
A geogrid reinforced cohesive soil test embankment 12 metres high with 1:1 side slopes is under c... more A geogrid reinforced cohesive soil test embankment 12 metres high with 1:1 side slopes is under construction in the province of Alberta. Three different types of geogrids are being evaluated at the site, including tensar SR2, signode tnx-5001, and paragrid 50s. This paper outlines the geometric layout for the test fill and the design methods currently used for this type of reinforced slope. Instrumentation has been installed to monitor pore pressure responses and the deformations of both the in situ foundation soils and the compacted fill material. Through the analysis of the soil-geogrid interaction performance, a rational design approach will be developed for high geogrid reinforced slopes constructed with cohesive soils. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 807201.
New Method for Internal Pore-Water Pressure Measurements
Geotechnical Testing Journal, 2021