Carlos Miguel Afonso - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Carlos Miguel Afonso
REVISTA QUALIDADE, 2023
COLÓQUIO DA QUALIDADE Criação de uma ficha técnica holística de comidas online Uma abordagem Desi... more COLÓQUIO DA QUALIDADE Criação de uma ficha técnica holística de comidas online Uma abordagem Design Science Research As preocupações com um estilo de alimentação saudável e as questões cada vez mais vincadas na área da sustentabilidade, combinadas com a padronização da produção, o controlo de custos e a maximização de receitas são questões que desafiam investigadores e profissionais na área de alimentação e bebidas. O objetivo deste estudo visou o desenvolvimento de um artefacto, uma ficha técnica holística de comidas, recorrendo a uma abordagem Design Science Research de dois ciclos.
EDMS Use in Local E-Government: Extent of Use and Overall Performance Mediated by Routinization and Infusion
This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization ... more This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization and infusion) on overall performance in using an Electronic Document Management System (EDMS). Furthermore, we test whether the routinization and infusion variables mediate the influence of the extent of use on overall performance. This research collects data from a survey answered by 2,175 employees (EDMS users) of Portuguese municipalities. The Partial Least Squares technique is applied to test the model. The results showed that routinization is directly predicted by the extent of use, whereas infusion is directly affected by the extent of use and also by routinization. Consequently, such post-adoptive behaviors are interrelated not only in a sequential process, but also in parallel. In addition, overall performance is directly influenced by routinization and infusion. Finally, an indirect effects analysis shows that routinization and infusion mediate the relationship between extent of use and overall performance.
This paper addresses capital structure determinants for Portuguese hotel firms between 2006 and 2... more This paper addresses capital structure determinants for Portuguese hotel firms between 2006 and 2014. Secondary data from 356 hotel units was analysed using the partial least squares (PLS) statistical technique, a variance-based structural equation modelling (SEM). The results show that the explanatory variables proposed as capital structure determinants have an impact on the financing and debt decisions made by the firms in the sample. Of these, tangibility has the greater explanatory power. Overall, the results support the notion that trade-off theory and pecking-order theory are important in explaining the capital structure of the Portuguese hotel industry, particularly as regards the agency conflicts triggered by growth opportunities and the preference firms have for internal funding. The results also point to the importance of collateral in accessing credit and the lesser impact of asymmetric information pertaining to tangible asset value and firm size. The results suggest small firms find it difficult to contract loans, which can somewhat limit their growth and performance.
EDMS Use in Local E-Government: An Analysis of the Path from Extent of Use to Overall Performance
This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization ... more This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization and infusion) on overall performance in using an Electronic Document Management System (EDMS). Furthermore, the authors test whether the routinization and infusion variables mediate the influence of the extent of use on overall performance. This research collects data from a survey answered by 2,175 employees (EDMS users) of Portuguese municipalities. The Partial Least Squares technique is applied to test the model. The results showed that routinization is directly predicted by the extent of use, whereas infusion is directly affected by the extent of use and also by routinization. Consequently, such post-adoptive behaviors are interrelated not only in a sequential process, but also in parallel, meaning that the infusion state of EDMS use is achieved from the evolutionary process of EDMS use and also directly from each of the prior stages of EDMS use. In addition, overall performance is directly influenced by routinization and infusion, signifying that the more employees use the EDMS to its fullest extent, the more likely it is for the overall performance to improve. Finally, an indirect effects analysis shows that routinization and infusion mediate the relationship between extent of use and overall performance.
This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization ... more This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization and infusion) on overall performance in using an Electronic Document Management System (EDMS). Furthermore, we test whether the routinization and infusion variables mediate the influence of the extent of use on overall performance. This research collects data from a survey answered by 2,175 employees (EDMS users) of Portuguese municipalities. The Partial Least Squares technique is applied to test the model. The results showed that routinization is directly predicted by the extent of use, whereas infusion is directly affected by the extent of use and also by routinization. Consequently, such post-adoptive behaviors are interrelated not only in a sequential process, but also in parallel. In addition, overall performance is directly influenced by routinization and infusion. Finally, an indirect effects analysis shows that routinization and infusion mediate the relationship between extent of use and overall performance.
TMS ALGARVE 2013 TOURISM & MANAGEMENT STUDIES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, 2013
O clima económico globalmente desfavorável é causador de impactos negativos nas performances das ... more O clima económico globalmente desfavorável é causador de impactos negativos nas performances das unidades hoteleiras do sul da europa. Este facto, associado ao efeito que as tecnologias de informação baseadas em internet provocaram no relacionamento dos hotéis com os clientes em matéria de publicitação de tarifas, impuseram a este ramo de atividade a necessidade de adotarem novas políticas de gestão de receita que permitam uma pilotagem das organizações hoteleiras neste ambiente adverso e sejam garante da sua sobrevivência. Neste sentido, o presente artigo tem como finalidade clarificar os procedimentos necessários à implementação de uma política de revenue management (RM) num hotel, recorrendo-se a um estudo de caso. Inicialmente, recorrendo a uma revisão de literatura é feita uma breve apresentação do conceito de RM e da implementação de uma política RM de um hotel. No desenvolvimento do presente estudo de caso, são utilizados dados históricos do hotel e dados de contexto secundários. Depois de sistematizados, os dados são analisados com modelos de previsão sazonal e de correlação. Nesta investigação, como resultado da apresentação e aplicação de um modelo de RM, foram identificadas correlações, padrões, anomalias, tendências e comportamentos existentes entre os diferentes dados, o que permitiu a sugestão de implementação de medidas concretas, com vista a maximizar as receitas. Na pesquisa, foi notório o papel das tecnologias e sistemas de informação como um fator crítico na implementação de um modelo de RM.
The moderator role of Gender in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT): A study on users of Electronic Document Management Systems.
Venkatesh et al. [1] tried to integrate predictability capabilities from the different existing m... more Venkatesh et al. [1] tried to integrate predictability capabilities from the different existing models of technology acceptance. This produced the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). This comprehensive model resulted in the identification of common aspects. It proposed several constructs with a greater explanatory power and analyzed moderating drivers, such as age, Gender, experience and voluntariness of use. By doing so, UTAUT identifies three major drivers of behavioral intention: performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence. On the other hand, facilitating conditions and behavioral intention were identified as determinant factors of actual use [1].
In addition to previous considerations about UTAUT, empirical research has scarcely analyzed the moderating role of Gender [2]. This is why this paper particularly aims to fill this gap. Hofstede [3] describes strength, competitiveness and guidance for material success as social roles linked to male values, whilst modesty, tenderness, sensitivity and concern for the quality of life are values associated with women. With respect to UTAUT, existing studies have shown that performance expectancy positively influences behavioral intention more strongly for men (cf. [4], [5], [6] and [7]). Moreover, it has been observed that effort expectancy positively influences behavioral intention more strongly for women (cf. [4], [5] and [6]), while social influence positively affects behavioral intention more strongly for women (cf. [5], [7] and [8]).
In our research, with the aim of testing the moderating effects of Gender, a sample of 2,175 users of Electronic Document Management Systems (EDMS) in Portuguese municipalities was used. Taking into account that Gender is a categorical variable, we have adopted a multi-group or multi-sample analysis [9] -dividing the sample into two groups (male = 748; female = 1,427) and estimating each group of observations separately. Before comparing the groups, an analysis of the measurement invariance was carried out to make sure that the construct measures were invariant between both groups [10]. Once the metric invariance had been assessed, we carried out a set of multi-group analyses –interpreting statistically-significant differences in path coefficients as moderating effects. On the one hand, the parametric approach considering both equal variances and different variances has been used [11, 12]. On the other hand, we have applied non-parametric approaches exemplified by the permutation test [13], and Henseler’s PLS multi-group analysis [10, 12, 14]. This study notes slight differences in the results of the aforementioned methods. As a result, the moderating effect of Gender on the relation between performance expectancy and behavioral intention showed that this relationship is stronger among men than women. Finally, a discussion on the implications of Gender as a moderator for the UTAUT model is included.
"On numerous occasions the significant value of the investments involved in the development of e-... more "On numerous occasions the significant value of the investments involved in the development of e-government and the expectations of governmental information systems use do not correspond to the rate of effective use. This scenario makes it difficult to justify the development of electronic government by governments and local authorities among its citizens. It is therefore important to understand the factors that influence the employees' intention of using governmental information systems.
With the aim of understanding the determining factors of using an Electronic Document Management System (EDMS) in the context of Portuguese municipalities, this study develops an empirical analysis using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, (Venkatesh et al., 2003). This model's application for information systems research in the governmental context has a weak expression and is unique in EDMS research.
This empirical research follows a realist and positivist approach. Data was collected from a survey answered by 2,175 employees of Portuguese municipalities (EDMS users). Partial Least Squares (PLS) was used to test the model proposed.
The results showed that Intention to Use is positively affected by Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence and Facilitating Conditions. With respect to the EDMS Use, the results showed that it is positively influenced by Intention to Use and Facilitating Conditions. The main result indicates that EDMS users believe that the use of this information system will help them to obtain performance benefits in their work. However, the increasing use of EDMS is not very influenced by the system's perceived ease of use.
In short, this study provides a contribution to the Information Systems Acceptance and Adoption literature in local e-governmental contexts. In addition, our contribution empirically tests the model for implementation in governmental organizations and provides a better understanding of the adoption and use of an EDMS."
Conference Presentations by Carlos Miguel Afonso
REVISTA QUALIDADE, 2023
COLÓQUIO DA QUALIDADE Criação de uma ficha técnica holística de comidas online Uma abordagem Desi... more COLÓQUIO DA QUALIDADE Criação de uma ficha técnica holística de comidas online Uma abordagem Design Science Research As preocupações com um estilo de alimentação saudável e as questões cada vez mais vincadas na área da sustentabilidade, combinadas com a padronização da produção, o controlo de custos e a maximização de receitas são questões que desafiam investigadores e profissionais na área de alimentação e bebidas. O objetivo deste estudo visou o desenvolvimento de um artefacto, uma ficha técnica holística de comidas, recorrendo a uma abordagem Design Science Research de dois ciclos.
EDMS Use in Local E-Government: Extent of Use and Overall Performance Mediated by Routinization and Infusion
This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization ... more This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization and infusion) on overall performance in using an Electronic Document Management System (EDMS). Furthermore, we test whether the routinization and infusion variables mediate the influence of the extent of use on overall performance. This research collects data from a survey answered by 2,175 employees (EDMS users) of Portuguese municipalities. The Partial Least Squares technique is applied to test the model. The results showed that routinization is directly predicted by the extent of use, whereas infusion is directly affected by the extent of use and also by routinization. Consequently, such post-adoptive behaviors are interrelated not only in a sequential process, but also in parallel. In addition, overall performance is directly influenced by routinization and infusion. Finally, an indirect effects analysis shows that routinization and infusion mediate the relationship between extent of use and overall performance.
This paper addresses capital structure determinants for Portuguese hotel firms between 2006 and 2... more This paper addresses capital structure determinants for Portuguese hotel firms between 2006 and 2014. Secondary data from 356 hotel units was analysed using the partial least squares (PLS) statistical technique, a variance-based structural equation modelling (SEM). The results show that the explanatory variables proposed as capital structure determinants have an impact on the financing and debt decisions made by the firms in the sample. Of these, tangibility has the greater explanatory power. Overall, the results support the notion that trade-off theory and pecking-order theory are important in explaining the capital structure of the Portuguese hotel industry, particularly as regards the agency conflicts triggered by growth opportunities and the preference firms have for internal funding. The results also point to the importance of collateral in accessing credit and the lesser impact of asymmetric information pertaining to tangible asset value and firm size. The results suggest small firms find it difficult to contract loans, which can somewhat limit their growth and performance.
EDMS Use in Local E-Government: An Analysis of the Path from Extent of Use to Overall Performance
This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization ... more This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization and infusion) on overall performance in using an Electronic Document Management System (EDMS). Furthermore, the authors test whether the routinization and infusion variables mediate the influence of the extent of use on overall performance. This research collects data from a survey answered by 2,175 employees (EDMS users) of Portuguese municipalities. The Partial Least Squares technique is applied to test the model. The results showed that routinization is directly predicted by the extent of use, whereas infusion is directly affected by the extent of use and also by routinization. Consequently, such post-adoptive behaviors are interrelated not only in a sequential process, but also in parallel, meaning that the infusion state of EDMS use is achieved from the evolutionary process of EDMS use and also directly from each of the prior stages of EDMS use. In addition, overall performance is directly influenced by routinization and infusion, signifying that the more employees use the EDMS to its fullest extent, the more likely it is for the overall performance to improve. Finally, an indirect effects analysis shows that routinization and infusion mediate the relationship between extent of use and overall performance.
This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization ... more This study analyzes the effects of several post-adoption behaviors (extent of use, routinization and infusion) on overall performance in using an Electronic Document Management System (EDMS). Furthermore, we test whether the routinization and infusion variables mediate the influence of the extent of use on overall performance. This research collects data from a survey answered by 2,175 employees (EDMS users) of Portuguese municipalities. The Partial Least Squares technique is applied to test the model. The results showed that routinization is directly predicted by the extent of use, whereas infusion is directly affected by the extent of use and also by routinization. Consequently, such post-adoptive behaviors are interrelated not only in a sequential process, but also in parallel. In addition, overall performance is directly influenced by routinization and infusion. Finally, an indirect effects analysis shows that routinization and infusion mediate the relationship between extent of use and overall performance.
TMS ALGARVE 2013 TOURISM & MANAGEMENT STUDIES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, 2013
O clima económico globalmente desfavorável é causador de impactos negativos nas performances das ... more O clima económico globalmente desfavorável é causador de impactos negativos nas performances das unidades hoteleiras do sul da europa. Este facto, associado ao efeito que as tecnologias de informação baseadas em internet provocaram no relacionamento dos hotéis com os clientes em matéria de publicitação de tarifas, impuseram a este ramo de atividade a necessidade de adotarem novas políticas de gestão de receita que permitam uma pilotagem das organizações hoteleiras neste ambiente adverso e sejam garante da sua sobrevivência. Neste sentido, o presente artigo tem como finalidade clarificar os procedimentos necessários à implementação de uma política de revenue management (RM) num hotel, recorrendo-se a um estudo de caso. Inicialmente, recorrendo a uma revisão de literatura é feita uma breve apresentação do conceito de RM e da implementação de uma política RM de um hotel. No desenvolvimento do presente estudo de caso, são utilizados dados históricos do hotel e dados de contexto secundários. Depois de sistematizados, os dados são analisados com modelos de previsão sazonal e de correlação. Nesta investigação, como resultado da apresentação e aplicação de um modelo de RM, foram identificadas correlações, padrões, anomalias, tendências e comportamentos existentes entre os diferentes dados, o que permitiu a sugestão de implementação de medidas concretas, com vista a maximizar as receitas. Na pesquisa, foi notório o papel das tecnologias e sistemas de informação como um fator crítico na implementação de um modelo de RM.
The moderator role of Gender in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT): A study on users of Electronic Document Management Systems.
Venkatesh et al. [1] tried to integrate predictability capabilities from the different existing m... more Venkatesh et al. [1] tried to integrate predictability capabilities from the different existing models of technology acceptance. This produced the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). This comprehensive model resulted in the identification of common aspects. It proposed several constructs with a greater explanatory power and analyzed moderating drivers, such as age, Gender, experience and voluntariness of use. By doing so, UTAUT identifies three major drivers of behavioral intention: performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence. On the other hand, facilitating conditions and behavioral intention were identified as determinant factors of actual use [1].
In addition to previous considerations about UTAUT, empirical research has scarcely analyzed the moderating role of Gender [2]. This is why this paper particularly aims to fill this gap. Hofstede [3] describes strength, competitiveness and guidance for material success as social roles linked to male values, whilst modesty, tenderness, sensitivity and concern for the quality of life are values associated with women. With respect to UTAUT, existing studies have shown that performance expectancy positively influences behavioral intention more strongly for men (cf. [4], [5], [6] and [7]). Moreover, it has been observed that effort expectancy positively influences behavioral intention more strongly for women (cf. [4], [5] and [6]), while social influence positively affects behavioral intention more strongly for women (cf. [5], [7] and [8]).
In our research, with the aim of testing the moderating effects of Gender, a sample of 2,175 users of Electronic Document Management Systems (EDMS) in Portuguese municipalities was used. Taking into account that Gender is a categorical variable, we have adopted a multi-group or multi-sample analysis [9] -dividing the sample into two groups (male = 748; female = 1,427) and estimating each group of observations separately. Before comparing the groups, an analysis of the measurement invariance was carried out to make sure that the construct measures were invariant between both groups [10]. Once the metric invariance had been assessed, we carried out a set of multi-group analyses –interpreting statistically-significant differences in path coefficients as moderating effects. On the one hand, the parametric approach considering both equal variances and different variances has been used [11, 12]. On the other hand, we have applied non-parametric approaches exemplified by the permutation test [13], and Henseler’s PLS multi-group analysis [10, 12, 14]. This study notes slight differences in the results of the aforementioned methods. As a result, the moderating effect of Gender on the relation between performance expectancy and behavioral intention showed that this relationship is stronger among men than women. Finally, a discussion on the implications of Gender as a moderator for the UTAUT model is included.
"On numerous occasions the significant value of the investments involved in the development of e-... more "On numerous occasions the significant value of the investments involved in the development of e-government and the expectations of governmental information systems use do not correspond to the rate of effective use. This scenario makes it difficult to justify the development of electronic government by governments and local authorities among its citizens. It is therefore important to understand the factors that influence the employees' intention of using governmental information systems.
With the aim of understanding the determining factors of using an Electronic Document Management System (EDMS) in the context of Portuguese municipalities, this study develops an empirical analysis using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, (Venkatesh et al., 2003). This model's application for information systems research in the governmental context has a weak expression and is unique in EDMS research.
This empirical research follows a realist and positivist approach. Data was collected from a survey answered by 2,175 employees of Portuguese municipalities (EDMS users). Partial Least Squares (PLS) was used to test the model proposed.
The results showed that Intention to Use is positively affected by Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence and Facilitating Conditions. With respect to the EDMS Use, the results showed that it is positively influenced by Intention to Use and Facilitating Conditions. The main result indicates that EDMS users believe that the use of this information system will help them to obtain performance benefits in their work. However, the increasing use of EDMS is not very influenced by the system's perceived ease of use.
In short, this study provides a contribution to the Information Systems Acceptance and Adoption literature in local e-governmental contexts. In addition, our contribution empirically tests the model for implementation in governmental organizations and provides a better understanding of the adoption and use of an EDMS."