Miroslav Popelka | Institute of Archaeological Heritage Brno (original) (raw)
Papers by Miroslav Popelka
Numismatický sborník 36, 2024
Single coin finds are important sources of information on the monetary circulation in a particula... more Single coin finds are important sources of information on the monetary circulation in a particular place. The article deals with coins found in four different sites in Prostějov and its surroundings; the first of them being a find obtained during archaeological research; the remaining three fall into the category of detector finds. Anonymous obols belonging to the Cach (1970) nos. 165–184 group have already been found in five or six different places in Moravia, and can be considered Moravian issues. New finds of deniers of Břetislav I of the Cach (1970) no. 300 type also unambiguously attest that both main issues of this type, with and without an anchor on the reverse, originated in Moravia.
SLOVÁCKO LXV, 2023
In 2022, another stage of rescue archaeological research was carried out in connection with the c... more In 2022, another stage of rescue archaeological research was carried out in connection with the construction of family houses in the north-eastern outskirts of the village of Šelešovice (District of Kroměříž). Among the structures investigated on plot No. 476/10, a large exploitation pit dominated the area, in the filling material of which two molars of a woolly mammoth were found. This discovery was an impetus for writing a short study paying attention to the unusual site situation, in which the remains of extinct Pleistocene fauna mix with material from the more recent stage of the culture with Moravian painted pottery, which dates the researched structure. The two molars were from an adult woolly mammoth, but the lack of collagen prevented their precise 14C dating. This curious site situation demonstrates a special relationship with naturally occurring curiosities, which the Neolithic inhabitants probably came across on the exposed terraces of the Morava River and its local tributaries, or at the nearest Gravettian sites (Napajedla, Spytihněv). They relocated both molars from their original environment to the settlement area as a “manuport”, although they probably did not make any further use of them (for example as a working tool).
Folia Numismatica. Supplementum ad acta Musei Moraviae. Scientiae Sociales CVIII 2023/ Studie. , 2023
Thanks to the significant development of "citizen science" there is an increasing number of metal... more Thanks to the significant development of "citizen science" there is an increasing number of metalic finds, including coins, recently coming into the hands of experts. The coin finds demonstrate a long-distance contacts of cental European territory to other areas with developed coinage, already since the La Tène period. Such finds include the Gjurgjevac tetradrachm from Slatinice in Olomouc district proving contacts with the southern Alpine region known in the last centuries BC as Noricum and inhabited by the Celtic tribe of the Taurisci.
ACTA MUSEALIA Muzea jihovýchodní Moravy ve Zlíně a Muzea regionu Valašsko, Vsetín , 2022
IThe paper presents relatively recent finds of metal objects discovered in the south-west part of... more IThe paper presents relatively recent finds of metal objects discovered in the south-west part of the Hostýn Hills. The set of objects consists mostly of metal items, some of which can be described as militaria and so called ‘Avar’ belt mountings. The importance of the find lies in the fact that the objects do not come from usual settlement localities but from a space, which witnesses use of the countryside in the early Middle Ages.
FOLIA NUMISMATICA 36/1, Supplementum ad Acta Musei Moraviae. Scientiae sociales CVII/2022/Materiály., 2022
The coins of Vindelici don't belong among frequent findings in Moravia. The paper deal with the n... more The coins of Vindelici don't belong among frequent findings in Moravia. The paper deal with the new recognized site in the corridor of so called "Aber road" connecting relations between Central European regions by money circullation.
Slovenská archeológia - supp. 2, 2021
A silver shield-head bracelet and a silver eastern-type spring-cover fibula were found in Otaslav... more A silver shield-head bracelet and a silver eastern-type spring-cover fibula were found in Otaslavice through metal detector survey. Both artefacts are closely related to finds attributed to the Wielbark culture. Their dating conforms to phase B2a or the second third of the 2nd c., respectively.
Archeologie barbarů - příspěvky k poznání barbarských komunit. Spisy Ar.Ú. AV ČR Brno, 70. , 2016
The social group of equestrians represents a component of Germanic society in the barbarian terri... more The social group of equestrians represents a component of Germanic society in the barbarian territory at the Middle Danube, which was not yet properly and extensively studied due to lack of archaeological sources. Since the cremation burials were practised over the whole of the Roman Period, we do not know any graves of mounted warriors and the spectrum of equestrian equipment from cremation graves is limited. Apart from solitary finds of horse harness components (cheek bars, rein guides, phalerae or pendants), the finds are almost exclusively represented by spurs. Their present number on individual Suebic burial grounds varies between zero and 15 pieces. This state of knowledge may be changed by a new cemetery from the time of the Marcomannic Wars at Roštění where, on the contrary, the spur finds significantly outnumber these limits.
Molecules, 2021
This research was focused on the analysis of material composition and organic residues present in... more This research was focused on the analysis of material composition and organic residues present in three molds found in the Moravian region (Czech Republic) belonging to the Roman era. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy pointed out the possible remelting of Roman objects in Barbarian territory. The analysis of organic residues retrieved from the internal part of mold #2 by pyrolysisgas chromatography/mass spectrometry proved the presence of ozokerite wax ("earth wax"). Consequent analysis of this organic residue by Atmospheric Solids Analysis Probe-ion mobility spectrometry-high-resolution mass spectrometry (ASAP-IMS-HRMS) confirmed the presence of ceresin, the main component of ozokerite. Ceresin was also detected in a sample of the organic residue from mold #1. Note that this is the first application of ASAP-IMS-HRMS in archaeological research. The remains of earth wax in molds suggest the production of wax models as an intermediate stage for the production of lost-wax ceramic casting molds.
SLOVÁCKO , 2019
A preservation archaeological research discovered a part of early medieval settlement (two counte... more A preservation archaeological research discovered a part of early medieval settlement (two countersunk settlement objects). The settlement itself was probably oriented to now already perished local watercourse, which was proved by means of test pits. Besides the ceramic material, several bone spinners and spinnnig whorls which prove home-made provenience were discovered. As for the animals kept a pig, a cattle and a goat/a sheep could be identified.
Študijné zvesti 67/2, 2020
The cremation burial from Pustiměř in Vyškov region was discovered in 2012 with a metal detector ... more The cremation burial from Pustiměř in Vyškov region was discovered in 2012 with a metal detector and thus, unfortunately , it was partly primarily disturbed. Based on offerings as well as the available anthropological analysis, the grave can be hypothetically identified as female. The burial can be dated-based on grave goods-to phase B2b-transitional stage B2/C1. The numerous grave goods contained artifacts of barbarian provenance as well as fragments of Roman bronze vessels (barrel-shaped bucket, dippers).
Numismatický sborník 34/1, 2020
A hoard of three Prague groschen and several parvi issued by John the Blind and Charles IV discov... more A hoard of three Prague groschen and several parvi issued by John the Blind and Charles IV discovered near Ptení brings new data on the typology and chronology of both sovereigns' small denominations. The find context of the hoard provides precious information on the maintenance of medieval hollow ways.
Archaeologia historica 45/1, 2020
Systematic metal-detector prospection conducted in 2016 in the forested area of the western part ... more Systematic metal-detector prospection conducted in 2016 in the forested area of the western part of the Kroměříž region yielded a solitary find of a Romanesque sword. This weapon can be classified as a sword of the XII, B, 1 type, and its origin is sought in the 12th century. The blade consists of a layer of steel encasing a softer core, which was a relatively new type of construction used at the time. Besides, a specific tin-inlaid initial inscription was detected on both sides of the blade, which most likely reads as Salvator Iesus Omnipotens Salvator, or Omnipotens Salvator Iesus Omnipotens. These and urther details of the find are in the article discussed in detail.
Vlastivedný zborník Považia, 2019
In the autumn of 2017 Institute for Archaeological Heritage in cooperation with Museum of the Sou... more In the autumn of 2017 Institute for Archaeological Heritage in cooperation with Museum of the SouthEast Moravia, Masaryk University and Palacký University Olomouc realized prospection with metal detectors in the site of 'Rysov' near Provodov. The archaeological research itself was caused by the need to find out its archaeological potential, because the site has been damaged by amateur 'treasure hunters' for a long time. According to available information these activities have been going on here since the late 1980s. The research also included practical lessons for archaeology students of Palacký University who exercise to work with metal detectors in the field and document context of discoveries.
PRAVĚK (Nová řada) 27, 2019
Rescue survey at the site locally known as Zdražilovsko in the cadastral area of Holešov-Všetuly ... more Rescue survey at the site locally known as Zdražilovsko in the cadastral area of Holešov-Všetuly has brought yet unregistered evidence of the settlement of the area during the Eneolithic. The features requiring extra attention include two wells. The dating of one of them (i.e. the final stages of the Initial Eneolithic) was possible thanks to the presence of clearly determinable set of pottery items – in particular the final stage of Epilengyel; the second well dates to the last phase of the Early Eneolithic, particularly the later stage of the Baalberge phase of the Funnelbeaker Culture. Artefacts from the final horizons of the features, along with the pottery items from feature 500, serve as evidence of settlement of the area also during the Late Eneolithic.
Obr. 4. Kresebná dokumentace novověkých objektů. Kresba R. Přehnalová.
Die fruehe Eisenzeit in Mitteleuropa - Early Iron Age in Central Europe, 2019
Paper deals with the Art of the Este culture and Situla Art which in general represent an interes... more Paper deals with the Art of the Este culture and Situla Art which in general represent an interesting chapter of the Italian Iron Age. Evidence of the influence of both can also be recognized in Central Europe, north of the Alps, during the 6th century BC.
The traded artifacts with figurative motifs can be divided into three groups: 1. Objects from Italy, probably from Northern Etruria, exhibiting art typical of the ‘Amber Road’ : (e,g, a copper plaque of Doloplazy); 2. Objects from northern Italy, the Eastern Alps or regions north of the Danube, made in the so-called Alpine toreutic style (e.g, the bronze vessel from the cave of Býčí skála or the funeral bed of Hochdorf); 3. Objects from the area north or south of the Danube, featuring Central European reflections of the Este culture or Situla Art (e.g., bone, antler, ceramic and bronze objects fromPusté Úľany, Rovná, Libkovice, Kanín, Matzhausen, Dürrnberg, Hallstatt, Herzogenburg-Ossarn, and Glauberg).
The distribution of these figuratively decorated objects indicates that there is an over-arching cultural network covering the wider region and, in future, new discoveries are likely from other areas north of the Danube, as well as the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Furthermore, the dating of the finds discussed in this paper indicates that they were a feature of society over a considerable time span. The copper plate of Doloplazy, both stylistically and according to its parallels, belongs to the art of the Orientalizing period of the 7th century BC (Ha C),a period which predates Situla Art. The bone plate of Pusté Úľany is dated to the Ha D1 phase; the bronze vessel from the cave of Býčí skála is dated to the Ha D1-D2 phases and the mortuary table from Hochdorf to the Ha D2 phase. The anthropomorphic antlers of the portable wagon from Rovná were added in the Ha D3 phase. The ceramic vessels with animal representations found in Libkovice, Kanín, and Matzhausen are dated in the LTA phase. Stylistically, the early La Tène figural representations of Hallstatt, Dürrnberg, Herzogenburg-Ossarn, and Glauberg are closely related to the Este culture Art or Situla Art. Undoubtedly, the Venetian circle of eastern Upper Italy and the Southeast Alps was one source of inspiration for early La Tène craftsmanship. The examples of Hallstatt figural art presented here illustrate how a central European elite iconography of the 6th-5th century BC was formed and help to understand the process. The artifacts and their particular attributes were chosen by the elite both to reference the legitimacy of their pathway to political power and social status and to be the insignia of that power and status. The Iron Age figural images from the North Alpen and central European regions represent a new medium for the formation of local elites borrowed from the Mediterranean. These artifacts also provide an idea of how the Central European up-and-coming elite perceived their counterparts south of the Alps.
Acta Musealia Muzea jihovýchodní Moravy ve Zlíně a Muzea regionu Valašsko, Vsetín, 2018
This study offers an assessment of a minor archaeological excavation which was undertaken in conn... more This study offers an assessment of a minor archaeological excavation which was undertaken in connection with building a new house estate in locality Šelešovice – ‘Pod rozdíly’. In the framework of several stages of rescue excavations, in addition to features from several later periods, also a small part of Lengyel Culture settlement was surveyed. Included in
this exploration are three recessed settlement pits with no detailed classification as to their purpose. We cannot exclude exploratory function for mining subsurface loess or their function as objects of storage and economic character. It is not possible to establish the total area of the settlement site, due to the limited zone of the excavation; it can, however, be presumed, that the settlement takes up a large part of the left bank tract of the brook Kotojedky between the villages Šelešovice and Jarohněvice. A collection of features found in the archaeological excavation includes fragments of ceramic vessels, wall filling-up, animal
bones as well as as chipped, polished and other macrolithic stone industry. The set of ceramics finds, which was analysed, is sufficiently large as well as representative from the point of view of the chronologically significant characteristics. Taking into account relative
chronology, all three objects can be dated to the beginning of the upper stage of the Moravian Painted Ware culture (phase MPWC IIa).
In 2015 Mr. Jan Neradílek discovered, rather by accident, using a metal detector, an iron lugged ... more In 2015 Mr. Jan Neradílek discovered, rather by accident, using a metal detector, an iron lugged axe at the western edge of Hostýnské vrchy (cadastral district of Lukoveček, Zlín county). This axe represents the very first item of this type in SE Moravia. The text describes the circumstances of the discovery and the typology and the relation to the archaeological topography of the surrounding areas. The text ends with a brief speculation as to the interpretation of similar isolated finds in areas with no long-term settlement during the prehistoric era.
V roce 2015 se náhodně podařilo při západním okraji Hostýnských vrchů (k. ú. Lukoveček, okr. Zlín) objevit panu Ing. Janu Neradílkovi s pomocí detektoru kovů železnou sekeru s raménky, která představuje první předmět tohoto typu z území jihovýchodní Moravy. Předložená stať přibližuje její nálezové okolnosti, typologii a též vztah k archeologické topografii bližšího okolí místa nálezu. Závěrem je krátká úvaha nad interpretačními možnostmi podobných solitérních předmětů nalézaných ve zdánlivě souvisleji a trvaleji „neosídlené“ pravěké krajině.
Numismatický sborník 36, 2024
Single coin finds are important sources of information on the monetary circulation in a particula... more Single coin finds are important sources of information on the monetary circulation in a particular place. The article deals with coins found in four different sites in Prostějov and its surroundings; the first of them being a find obtained during archaeological research; the remaining three fall into the category of detector finds. Anonymous obols belonging to the Cach (1970) nos. 165–184 group have already been found in five or six different places in Moravia, and can be considered Moravian issues. New finds of deniers of Břetislav I of the Cach (1970) no. 300 type also unambiguously attest that both main issues of this type, with and without an anchor on the reverse, originated in Moravia.
SLOVÁCKO LXV, 2023
In 2022, another stage of rescue archaeological research was carried out in connection with the c... more In 2022, another stage of rescue archaeological research was carried out in connection with the construction of family houses in the north-eastern outskirts of the village of Šelešovice (District of Kroměříž). Among the structures investigated on plot No. 476/10, a large exploitation pit dominated the area, in the filling material of which two molars of a woolly mammoth were found. This discovery was an impetus for writing a short study paying attention to the unusual site situation, in which the remains of extinct Pleistocene fauna mix with material from the more recent stage of the culture with Moravian painted pottery, which dates the researched structure. The two molars were from an adult woolly mammoth, but the lack of collagen prevented their precise 14C dating. This curious site situation demonstrates a special relationship with naturally occurring curiosities, which the Neolithic inhabitants probably came across on the exposed terraces of the Morava River and its local tributaries, or at the nearest Gravettian sites (Napajedla, Spytihněv). They relocated both molars from their original environment to the settlement area as a “manuport”, although they probably did not make any further use of them (for example as a working tool).
Folia Numismatica. Supplementum ad acta Musei Moraviae. Scientiae Sociales CVIII 2023/ Studie. , 2023
Thanks to the significant development of "citizen science" there is an increasing number of metal... more Thanks to the significant development of "citizen science" there is an increasing number of metalic finds, including coins, recently coming into the hands of experts. The coin finds demonstrate a long-distance contacts of cental European territory to other areas with developed coinage, already since the La Tène period. Such finds include the Gjurgjevac tetradrachm from Slatinice in Olomouc district proving contacts with the southern Alpine region known in the last centuries BC as Noricum and inhabited by the Celtic tribe of the Taurisci.
ACTA MUSEALIA Muzea jihovýchodní Moravy ve Zlíně a Muzea regionu Valašsko, Vsetín , 2022
IThe paper presents relatively recent finds of metal objects discovered in the south-west part of... more IThe paper presents relatively recent finds of metal objects discovered in the south-west part of the Hostýn Hills. The set of objects consists mostly of metal items, some of which can be described as militaria and so called ‘Avar’ belt mountings. The importance of the find lies in the fact that the objects do not come from usual settlement localities but from a space, which witnesses use of the countryside in the early Middle Ages.
FOLIA NUMISMATICA 36/1, Supplementum ad Acta Musei Moraviae. Scientiae sociales CVII/2022/Materiály., 2022
The coins of Vindelici don't belong among frequent findings in Moravia. The paper deal with the n... more The coins of Vindelici don't belong among frequent findings in Moravia. The paper deal with the new recognized site in the corridor of so called "Aber road" connecting relations between Central European regions by money circullation.
Slovenská archeológia - supp. 2, 2021
A silver shield-head bracelet and a silver eastern-type spring-cover fibula were found in Otaslav... more A silver shield-head bracelet and a silver eastern-type spring-cover fibula were found in Otaslavice through metal detector survey. Both artefacts are closely related to finds attributed to the Wielbark culture. Their dating conforms to phase B2a or the second third of the 2nd c., respectively.
Archeologie barbarů - příspěvky k poznání barbarských komunit. Spisy Ar.Ú. AV ČR Brno, 70. , 2016
The social group of equestrians represents a component of Germanic society in the barbarian terri... more The social group of equestrians represents a component of Germanic society in the barbarian territory at the Middle Danube, which was not yet properly and extensively studied due to lack of archaeological sources. Since the cremation burials were practised over the whole of the Roman Period, we do not know any graves of mounted warriors and the spectrum of equestrian equipment from cremation graves is limited. Apart from solitary finds of horse harness components (cheek bars, rein guides, phalerae or pendants), the finds are almost exclusively represented by spurs. Their present number on individual Suebic burial grounds varies between zero and 15 pieces. This state of knowledge may be changed by a new cemetery from the time of the Marcomannic Wars at Roštění where, on the contrary, the spur finds significantly outnumber these limits.
Molecules, 2021
This research was focused on the analysis of material composition and organic residues present in... more This research was focused on the analysis of material composition and organic residues present in three molds found in the Moravian region (Czech Republic) belonging to the Roman era. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy pointed out the possible remelting of Roman objects in Barbarian territory. The analysis of organic residues retrieved from the internal part of mold #2 by pyrolysisgas chromatography/mass spectrometry proved the presence of ozokerite wax ("earth wax"). Consequent analysis of this organic residue by Atmospheric Solids Analysis Probe-ion mobility spectrometry-high-resolution mass spectrometry (ASAP-IMS-HRMS) confirmed the presence of ceresin, the main component of ozokerite. Ceresin was also detected in a sample of the organic residue from mold #1. Note that this is the first application of ASAP-IMS-HRMS in archaeological research. The remains of earth wax in molds suggest the production of wax models as an intermediate stage for the production of lost-wax ceramic casting molds.
SLOVÁCKO , 2019
A preservation archaeological research discovered a part of early medieval settlement (two counte... more A preservation archaeological research discovered a part of early medieval settlement (two countersunk settlement objects). The settlement itself was probably oriented to now already perished local watercourse, which was proved by means of test pits. Besides the ceramic material, several bone spinners and spinnnig whorls which prove home-made provenience were discovered. As for the animals kept a pig, a cattle and a goat/a sheep could be identified.
Študijné zvesti 67/2, 2020
The cremation burial from Pustiměř in Vyškov region was discovered in 2012 with a metal detector ... more The cremation burial from Pustiměř in Vyškov region was discovered in 2012 with a metal detector and thus, unfortunately , it was partly primarily disturbed. Based on offerings as well as the available anthropological analysis, the grave can be hypothetically identified as female. The burial can be dated-based on grave goods-to phase B2b-transitional stage B2/C1. The numerous grave goods contained artifacts of barbarian provenance as well as fragments of Roman bronze vessels (barrel-shaped bucket, dippers).
Numismatický sborník 34/1, 2020
A hoard of three Prague groschen and several parvi issued by John the Blind and Charles IV discov... more A hoard of three Prague groschen and several parvi issued by John the Blind and Charles IV discovered near Ptení brings new data on the typology and chronology of both sovereigns' small denominations. The find context of the hoard provides precious information on the maintenance of medieval hollow ways.
Archaeologia historica 45/1, 2020
Systematic metal-detector prospection conducted in 2016 in the forested area of the western part ... more Systematic metal-detector prospection conducted in 2016 in the forested area of the western part of the Kroměříž region yielded a solitary find of a Romanesque sword. This weapon can be classified as a sword of the XII, B, 1 type, and its origin is sought in the 12th century. The blade consists of a layer of steel encasing a softer core, which was a relatively new type of construction used at the time. Besides, a specific tin-inlaid initial inscription was detected on both sides of the blade, which most likely reads as Salvator Iesus Omnipotens Salvator, or Omnipotens Salvator Iesus Omnipotens. These and urther details of the find are in the article discussed in detail.
Vlastivedný zborník Považia, 2019
In the autumn of 2017 Institute for Archaeological Heritage in cooperation with Museum of the Sou... more In the autumn of 2017 Institute for Archaeological Heritage in cooperation with Museum of the SouthEast Moravia, Masaryk University and Palacký University Olomouc realized prospection with metal detectors in the site of 'Rysov' near Provodov. The archaeological research itself was caused by the need to find out its archaeological potential, because the site has been damaged by amateur 'treasure hunters' for a long time. According to available information these activities have been going on here since the late 1980s. The research also included practical lessons for archaeology students of Palacký University who exercise to work with metal detectors in the field and document context of discoveries.
PRAVĚK (Nová řada) 27, 2019
Rescue survey at the site locally known as Zdražilovsko in the cadastral area of Holešov-Všetuly ... more Rescue survey at the site locally known as Zdražilovsko in the cadastral area of Holešov-Všetuly has brought yet unregistered evidence of the settlement of the area during the Eneolithic. The features requiring extra attention include two wells. The dating of one of them (i.e. the final stages of the Initial Eneolithic) was possible thanks to the presence of clearly determinable set of pottery items – in particular the final stage of Epilengyel; the second well dates to the last phase of the Early Eneolithic, particularly the later stage of the Baalberge phase of the Funnelbeaker Culture. Artefacts from the final horizons of the features, along with the pottery items from feature 500, serve as evidence of settlement of the area also during the Late Eneolithic.
Obr. 4. Kresebná dokumentace novověkých objektů. Kresba R. Přehnalová.
Die fruehe Eisenzeit in Mitteleuropa - Early Iron Age in Central Europe, 2019
Paper deals with the Art of the Este culture and Situla Art which in general represent an interes... more Paper deals with the Art of the Este culture and Situla Art which in general represent an interesting chapter of the Italian Iron Age. Evidence of the influence of both can also be recognized in Central Europe, north of the Alps, during the 6th century BC.
The traded artifacts with figurative motifs can be divided into three groups: 1. Objects from Italy, probably from Northern Etruria, exhibiting art typical of the ‘Amber Road’ : (e,g, a copper plaque of Doloplazy); 2. Objects from northern Italy, the Eastern Alps or regions north of the Danube, made in the so-called Alpine toreutic style (e.g, the bronze vessel from the cave of Býčí skála or the funeral bed of Hochdorf); 3. Objects from the area north or south of the Danube, featuring Central European reflections of the Este culture or Situla Art (e.g., bone, antler, ceramic and bronze objects fromPusté Úľany, Rovná, Libkovice, Kanín, Matzhausen, Dürrnberg, Hallstatt, Herzogenburg-Ossarn, and Glauberg).
The distribution of these figuratively decorated objects indicates that there is an over-arching cultural network covering the wider region and, in future, new discoveries are likely from other areas north of the Danube, as well as the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Furthermore, the dating of the finds discussed in this paper indicates that they were a feature of society over a considerable time span. The copper plate of Doloplazy, both stylistically and according to its parallels, belongs to the art of the Orientalizing period of the 7th century BC (Ha C),a period which predates Situla Art. The bone plate of Pusté Úľany is dated to the Ha D1 phase; the bronze vessel from the cave of Býčí skála is dated to the Ha D1-D2 phases and the mortuary table from Hochdorf to the Ha D2 phase. The anthropomorphic antlers of the portable wagon from Rovná were added in the Ha D3 phase. The ceramic vessels with animal representations found in Libkovice, Kanín, and Matzhausen are dated in the LTA phase. Stylistically, the early La Tène figural representations of Hallstatt, Dürrnberg, Herzogenburg-Ossarn, and Glauberg are closely related to the Este culture Art or Situla Art. Undoubtedly, the Venetian circle of eastern Upper Italy and the Southeast Alps was one source of inspiration for early La Tène craftsmanship. The examples of Hallstatt figural art presented here illustrate how a central European elite iconography of the 6th-5th century BC was formed and help to understand the process. The artifacts and their particular attributes were chosen by the elite both to reference the legitimacy of their pathway to political power and social status and to be the insignia of that power and status. The Iron Age figural images from the North Alpen and central European regions represent a new medium for the formation of local elites borrowed from the Mediterranean. These artifacts also provide an idea of how the Central European up-and-coming elite perceived their counterparts south of the Alps.
Acta Musealia Muzea jihovýchodní Moravy ve Zlíně a Muzea regionu Valašsko, Vsetín, 2018
This study offers an assessment of a minor archaeological excavation which was undertaken in conn... more This study offers an assessment of a minor archaeological excavation which was undertaken in connection with building a new house estate in locality Šelešovice – ‘Pod rozdíly’. In the framework of several stages of rescue excavations, in addition to features from several later periods, also a small part of Lengyel Culture settlement was surveyed. Included in
this exploration are three recessed settlement pits with no detailed classification as to their purpose. We cannot exclude exploratory function for mining subsurface loess or their function as objects of storage and economic character. It is not possible to establish the total area of the settlement site, due to the limited zone of the excavation; it can, however, be presumed, that the settlement takes up a large part of the left bank tract of the brook Kotojedky between the villages Šelešovice and Jarohněvice. A collection of features found in the archaeological excavation includes fragments of ceramic vessels, wall filling-up, animal
bones as well as as chipped, polished and other macrolithic stone industry. The set of ceramics finds, which was analysed, is sufficiently large as well as representative from the point of view of the chronologically significant characteristics. Taking into account relative
chronology, all three objects can be dated to the beginning of the upper stage of the Moravian Painted Ware culture (phase MPWC IIa).
In 2015 Mr. Jan Neradílek discovered, rather by accident, using a metal detector, an iron lugged ... more In 2015 Mr. Jan Neradílek discovered, rather by accident, using a metal detector, an iron lugged axe at the western edge of Hostýnské vrchy (cadastral district of Lukoveček, Zlín county). This axe represents the very first item of this type in SE Moravia. The text describes the circumstances of the discovery and the typology and the relation to the archaeological topography of the surrounding areas. The text ends with a brief speculation as to the interpretation of similar isolated finds in areas with no long-term settlement during the prehistoric era.
V roce 2015 se náhodně podařilo při západním okraji Hostýnských vrchů (k. ú. Lukoveček, okr. Zlín) objevit panu Ing. Janu Neradílkovi s pomocí detektoru kovů železnou sekeru s raménky, která představuje první předmět tohoto typu z území jihovýchodní Moravy. Předložená stať přibližuje její nálezové okolnosti, typologii a též vztah k archeologické topografii bližšího okolí místa nálezu. Závěrem je krátká úvaha nad interpretačními možnostmi podobných solitérních předmětů nalézaných ve zdánlivě souvisleji a trvaleji „neosídlené“ pravěké krajině.
Studia Archaeologica Brunensia, 2017
Research on the Hallstatt and La Tène Periods in Bohemia and Moravia covers a number of important... more Research on the Hallstatt and La Tène Periods in Bohemia and Moravia covers a number of important
topics. So far out of the main interest is the increasing quantity of foreign artefacts which generally
belong to the Vekerzug culture (or through its spreading objects of other Eastern cultures). The
authors of this paper believe that their systematic evaluation is essential for progress in this area of
research. The volume of individual artefacts and associated contexts is constantly increasing. This
is due to systematic research conducted by archaeological institutions, extensive development-led
excavations (construction of highways, expansion of industrial zones, etc.), and detector survey carried
out by amateurs, which has been monitored with partial success. Systematic scientific research
by specialists, however, still lags behind. This paper attempts to partly fill this gap.
The paper deals with the previous knowledge about the prehistoric and historical settlement of th... more The paper deals with the previous knowledge about the prehistoric and historical settlement of the town Holesov and its integrated parts. It is essentially a chronological summary of individual historical periods from the early Stone Age to the early Middle Ages. This is a popular article aimed at the wider public, yet it contains an exhaustive list of literature on the subject.
Pravěk NŘ 28, 2020
The four quadratic sunken-floored features, two contained remains of the internal construction, w... more The four quadratic sunken-floored features, two contained remains of the internal construction, were excavated at the settlement of the Linear Pottery culture at Zlín-Malenovice Zadní mezicestí in 2015. The article presents their finding situation in the context of spatial and chronological structures of the settlement. Based on a search of typological analogies, a functional interpretation of rectangular
sunken-floored features and associated hypothetical socioeconomic aspects is presented in the form of a discussion.
Acta Musealia Muzea jihovýchodní Moravy ve Zlíne a Muzea regionu Valašsko, Vsetín XVII, 2020
A part of a newly discovered Neolithic settlement was examined in 2019 during a rescue archaeolog... more A part of a newly discovered Neolithic settlement was examined in 2019 during a rescue archaeological excavation. In total six dug out features were studied. These are consistent with standard structures found in the settlements of Neolithic Age. Based on the pottery analysis, it is possible to date the settlement to the upper stage of the Linear Band Pottery
culture (LBK II). The objective of this contribution is to expand so far rare documentation base of the region, which would, in the future, allow reconstruction of Neolithic settlement in the middle part of the Morava river region with more accuracy.
Praehistorische Zeitschrift
The central agglomeration Němčice in Moravia gave the name – the Němčice/Roseldorf type – to the ... more The central agglomeration Němčice in Moravia gave the name – the Němčice/Roseldorf type – to the entire gradually recognised group of large lowland settlements with production and distribution functions existing in La Tène Europe in the 3rd–2nd century BC. In addition to settlement and production features, several ditched quadrangular enclosures were also identified at the Němčice settlement. One of these, feature 525, was investigated in 2022. The history of the enclosure is demonstrated by finds and structures found in its inner space and from the individual layers of the fill of its ditch, which document development from the burial and perhaps other ritual functions of the enclosure ending with the deposition of fragments of weapons in the ditch, up to the incorporation of the feature into the space used for settlement activities. Ditched quadrangular enclosures, as are known besides Němčice especially from Roseldorf in eastern Austria and from other settlements in the corridor of the Amber Road, reflect significant changes in the ritual behaviour of the La Tène population in Central Europe in this period.
Památky archeologické, 2024
The aim of this study is to evaluate the results from the very first excavation at the central ag... more The aim of this study is to evaluate the results from the very first excavation at the central agglomeration of Němčice, one of the most important centres in Central Europe in the 3rd and 2nd century BC. The excavation conducted in 2021 focussed on the space with the oldest documented secondary glass workshop in transalpine Europe. The excavation was preceded by the use of non-destructive methods, above all regular surface surveys and geophysical measurements, which led to the localisation of the assumed glass workshop. Unusual archaeological situations investigated during the excavation provided a great number of finds of a wide range of material dated primarily to the Middle and Late La Tène period. In addition to glass, the processing of artefacts from amber and iron was also documented, which points to the presence of an area where a number of types of specialised production were operated. An important part of the analysis of the acquired material was the application of additional supplemental scientific methods and analyses with the potential to clarify how the area was used.
Les agglomérations dans le monde celtique et ses marges, 2023
Archeologické rozhledy, 2022
Aplikace moderních nedestruktivních metod (geofyzikální průzkum, letecká archeologie a LiDAR) tvo... more Aplikace moderních nedestruktivních metod (geofyzikální průzkum, letecká archeologie a LiDAR) tvoří již několik desetiletí nedílnou součást archeologického výzkumu a jejich prostřednictvím je možné získávat zajímavá a důležitá zjištění bez narušení zkoumaných situací. Použitím výše zmíněných metod na moravském oppidu Staré Hradisko (okr. Prostějov) byly upřesněny a doplněny stávající poznatky o osídlení na ploše západně od opevnění. Významný je objev dosud neznámé klešťovité brány ve východní části opevnění spolu s navazujícím fortifikačním systémem obepínajícím severní část oppida.
Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae Sociales, 2021
An yet unknown La Tène burial ground dating to LT B2-C1 was discovered thanks to the discovery of... more An yet unknown La Tène burial ground dating to LT B2-C1 was discovered thanks to the discovery of parts of anklets by a metal detector user. As a result of following survey a grave was found with grave goods dating to LT B2 (bronze bracelet, iron armlet, iron fibulae with large ball on the bottom). A survey also revealed a settlement in the immediate vicinity of the finds. The anklets (dating to LT C1) which eventually gave rise to the survey (whose origin is evidently yet another grave) are among the biggest of this kind in Moravia.
Jantarová stezka v proměnách času, 2020
The paper brings new and surprising findings on funeral practices in the immediate vicinity of th... more The paper brings new and surprising findings on funeral practices in the immediate vicinity of the most important Moravian oppidum – Staré Hradisko. The finds are the result of activities of modern treasure hunters without which however this information would never be obtained. There are probably at least two grave complexes consisting of ensembles of iron Late La Tène militaria one of which could be documented and verified in terrain. Since the excavations by J. Böhm at Staré Hradisko they are the first provably Late La Tène graves not only in the hinterland of the oppidum but in the whole of Moravia.
Pravěk NŘ, 2021
Relikty pravěkých opevnění a ohrazení představují jednu z domněle nejlépe známých kategorií pravě... more Relikty pravěkých opevnění a ohrazení představují jednu z domněle nejlépe známých kategorií pravěkých památek na našem území. K dispozici je řada katalogů a jsou obvykle i nedílnou součástí širších interpretačních konceptů příslušných období, nezřídka se objevují názory o minimální pravděpodobnosti objevu nových lokalit. Na vzorku případů z neolitu a eneolitu z jediného moravského regionu je představen skutečný potenciál nových digitálních terénních modelů, umožňující v kombinaci s terénní prospekcí při jasném zacílení identifikovat zcela nové kategorie pravěkých ohrazení. Jejich evidence má primárně význam v rovině památkové péče, druhotně pak nepochybně i jako podnět pro
nové syntetické práce.
![Research paper thumbnail of Hrad Křídlo. Historie, stavební vývoj a archeologie zříceniny šlechtického sídla v Hostýnských vrších [Castle Křídlo; 2021] (co-authors R. Vrla, D. Janiš, J. Janišová, Z. Schenk, L. Bartíková, P. Žákovský, A. Fojtík, M. Popelka, Z. Štaffen, P. Fojtík, S. Španihel)](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81006514/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Hrad Křídlo. Historie, stavební vývoj a archeologie zříceniny šlechtického sídla v Hostýnských vr... more Hrad Křídlo. Historie, stavební vývoj a archeologie zříceniny šlechtického sídla v Hostýnských vrších [Castle Křídlo. History, building development, and archaeology of a ruined noble house in the Hostýnské vrchy hills; 2021] (co-authors Radim Vrla, Dalibor Janiš, Jana Janišová, Zdeněk Schenk, Lenka Bartíková, Petr Žákovský, Adam Fojtík, Miroslav Popelka, Zdeněk Štaffen, Pavel Fojtík, Samuel Španihel)