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FIGURES 68‒74. Schemes of the sclerite R1P with the convex scale zone sz, dorsal view. 68. Litobl... more FIGURES 68‒74. Schemes of the sclerite R1P with the convex scale zone sz, dorsal view. 68. Litoblatta lutea sp.nov. 69. L. elisae sp. nov. 70. L. misionerae sp. nov. 71. L. tucumanae sp. nov. 72. L. brasiliensis. 73. L. argentina. 74. L. clara.

FIGURES 52‒54. Litoblatta argentina, female genitalia. 52–53. Female genitalia, chamber dorsal an... more FIGURES 52‒54. Litoblatta argentina, female genitalia. 52–53. Female genitalia, chamber dorsal and ventral walls, posterior view. 53. Genital chamber, dorsal wall. 54. a Spermathecal plate; b Laterosternal shelf and vestibular sclerite; a and b are placed in the ventral chamber wall indicated by doted lines. Abbreviations. bv basivalvula; ca central apodeme; gg gonangulum; pl posterior lobe of valvifer II; pm median part of posterior lobe of second valvifer ring; pp paraproct; te tergal extension of tergite IX; tg tergal extension of tergite VIII; T IX tergum IX; T X tergum X; v I first valv; v II second valv; v III third valv; vf VIII valvifer first arm.

Litoblatta brasiliensis (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865) (Figs. 27–33, 72) <i&... more Litoblatta brasiliensis (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865) (Figs. 27–33, 72) Ischnoptera brasiliensis Brunner von Wattenwyl 1865: 130, tab III. fig. 12, Loboptera laurenziana Giglio-Tos 1897: 2, Litoblatta brasiliensis Hebard 1921: 238, pl. 10, figs. 14–17. Litoblatta brasiliensis Crespo & Valverde 2008: 173, fig.16, Litoblatta brasiliensis Crespo et al. 2010: 7,8, 24, fig. 3. Material examined. ARGENTINA. 2♁, locality, date and coll. missing ( MLP ) . Province of Córdoba: ♁, locality missing, 20/XI/1948, López P. coll. (IFML). Province of Corrientes: ♁, San Cayetano, II /2009, Patittucci L. coll. (FCEN); 2♁, Departamento T. de Apóstol, Manantiales, XI/1946, coll. missing, (IFML). Province of La Rioja: ♁, locality missing, 28/X/1930, Gómez M. coll. (MACN). Province of Salta: ♁, Forestal (35 km from J.B. González), 18/XII/1979, Leg. Turk S. & Fonollat P. (IFML). Diagnosis. Right paraproct with a group of long spines, apically divergent (Fig. 28). Right stylus with rounded apex (Figs. 29–30). R1P with a quadrangular scale zone sz distally (Figs. 33, 72). Male. Measurements in mm. N= 8. PL: 3.00‾3.66; TeL: 12.61‾15.27; TL: 15.43‾18.33; IO: 0.70‾0.80; IOc: 0.40‾0.80; IA: 0.80‾0.90. Supra anal plate apical margin with a medial notch (Fig. 27). Right stylus with rounded apex (Figs. 29–30). Right paraproct with a group of long spines, apically divergent (Fig. 28). R1P with a quadrangular scale zone sz distally (Figs. 31–33, 72). Female. Apterous, described by Hebard 1921. Our female specimens could not be associated with males. Distribution. Argentina-Provinces of Córdoba, Corrientes, La Rioja and Salta.

Litoblatta lutea sp. nov. (Figs. 1–8, 68) Holotype. Argentina, Province of Cha... more Litoblatta lutea sp. nov. (Figs. 1–8, 68) Holotype. Argentina, Province of Chaco: ♁, Castelli J.J. (lat 25.9463S, long 60.6204W), 30/XII/2002, Minoli S. coll. (MACN) MACN-En 34648 (= L. brasiliensis in Crespo & Valverde 2008; Crespo et al. 2010). Paratypes. Argentina. Province of Catamarca: ♁, La Banderita, XI/1951, Kormiley N. coll. (MACN) (= L. brasiliensis in Crespo et al. 2010). Province of Córdoba: ♁, locality missing, 20/XI/1948, López P. coll. (IFML). Province of Corrientes: ♁, Paso Amores, date and coll. missing (MLP). Province of Jujuy: ♁, locality missing, 29/ I/1958, Torres & Ferreira colls. (MLP); ♁, Calilegua (lat 23.7735S, long 64.7710W), I/1949, Willink A. & Monrós colls. (IFML) TBLA001. ♁, Calilegua, XII/1948, Poore B. coll. (IFML); ♁, PN Calilegua, Camping Aguas Negras, 20/ II /2013, Rubio G.D., Iuri H., Ojanguren A., Porta A. & Adilardi R. colls. (FCEN)...

FIGURES 60‒67. Male genitalia. 60. R1P, dorsal view. 61–62. R complex, dorsal view. 62. Sclerites... more FIGURES 60‒67. Male genitalia. 60. R1P, dorsal view. 61–62. R complex, dorsal view. 62. Sclerites are placed from dorsal to ventral, R3, R4, R1S, R2 and R1P with sz, dorsal view. 63. Sclerites R1S, R2, R4 and R3, dorsal view. 64–65. Sclerite L2+via, dorsal view. 66–67. L3 protruded from the genital chamber; with its hook-like apex curved to the left, dorsal view.

FIGURES 22‒26. Litoblatta tucumanae sp. nov. 22. Supra anal plate with straight apical margin, do... more FIGURES 22‒26. Litoblatta tucumanae sp. nov. 22. Supra anal plate with straight apical margin, dorsal view. 23. Right paraproct with short conical spines placed on the internal basal border, ventral view. 24. Subgenital plate and L2+via, ventral view. 25. L3 invaginated, ventral view. 26. Right complex R, ventral view.

FIGURES 1‒8. Litoblatta lutea sp. nov. 1. Supra anal plate apical margin sinuous, dorsal view. 2–... more FIGURES 1‒8. Litoblatta lutea sp. nov. 1. Supra anal plate apical margin sinuous, dorsal view. 2–3. Right paraproct with a group of spines convergent, dorsal and ventral view. 4. Subgenital plate with right stylus triangular, ventral view. 5–8. Subgenital plate, L2+via, L3, and right complex R; dorsal view. [5, 7 from one specimen and 6, 8 from another.]

FIGURES 27‒33. Litoblatta brasiliensis. 27. Supra anal plate apical margin with a median notch, d... more FIGURES 27‒33. Litoblatta brasiliensis. 27. Supra anal plate apical margin with a median notch, dorsal view. 28. Right paraproct with long spines apically divergent on the internal basal border, ventral view. 29–30. Right stylus with rounded apex, ventral view. 31–32. Subgenital plate and genitalic sclerites, dorsal view. 33. Right complex R with a quadrangular scale zone sz, dorsal view.

FIGURES 15‒21. Litoblatta misionerae sp. nov. 15. Supra anal plate with straight apical margin, d... more FIGURES 15‒21. Litoblatta misionerae sp. nov. 15. Supra anal plate with straight apical margin, dorsal view. 16. Subgenital plate and styli, ventral view. 17. Both styli spinous, dorsal view. 18–19. Right complex R and detail, dorsal view. 20. L3 and L4U, dorsal view. 21. L2+via, dorsal view.

FIGURES 34‒43. Litoblatta argentina. 34. Supra anal plate apical margin slightly concave, dorsal ... more FIGURES 34‒43. Litoblatta argentina. 34. Supra anal plate apical margin slightly concave, dorsal view. 35–36. Right paraproct with a digital process and short conical spines on the internal basal margin, dorsal and ventral view. 37. Subgenital plate with styli, ventral view. 38. Detail of the right stylus with spines and left stylus pilous, ventral view. 39. Subgenital plate and genital sclerites, dorsal view. 40. Right complex R, dorsal view. 41. L2+via, dorsal view. 42. L3, dorsal view. 43. Photograph of the type specimen, genital sclerites (MNRJ).

FIGURES 9‒14. Litoblatta elisae sp. nov. 9. Supra anal plate apical straight margin, dorsal view.... more FIGURES 9‒14. Litoblatta elisae sp. nov. 9. Supra anal plate apical straight margin, dorsal view. 10. Right paraproct with long spines distributed along the internal lateral margin, ventral view. 11. Subgenital plate and styli, ventral view. 12. L2+via, ventral view. 13. Right complex R detail, dorsal view. 14. Subgenital plate and genitalic sclerites disposition, dorsal view.

Litoblatta Hebard, 1921 (Figs. 1–70) Ischnoptera Brunner vo... more Litoblatta Hebard, 1921 (Figs. 1–70) Ischnoptera Brunner von Wattenvyl, 1865: 130 (type species: Ischnoptera brasiliensis Brunner von Wattenvyl, 1865) Litoblatta Hebard 1921: 237 Litoblatta Princis 1969: 876 Litoblatta Rocha e Silva Albuquerque & Aguiar 1975: 235 Diagnosis. Body surface scarcely coated with small hairs. Head under the pronotum, slightly exposed. Eyes and ocelli present, absent in cavernicolous species. The prominent eyes are broad dorsally near the vertex and thinner ventrally near the genae, character more conspicuous in females. Maxillar palpi with 5 segments, the 3 last articles are similar and longer than the basal two. Antennae as long as the body. Pronotum with anterior margin and pronounced posterolateral angles rounded, posterior margin convex, medially slightly projected. Legs very elongated and slender. Coxa with almost the length of the femur; femur 1, type A 3 – anteroventral margin with 3 long proximal spines, followed by a road of spines progressively shorter and ends with three long apical spines (Roth 2003). Femur II and III with a genicular spine. Tibia II and III similar to the femur in length. Tarsus with four segments. Metatarsi longer or similar to the length of all apical tarsomeres added. Metatarsus, second and third tarsomeres with a double road of spines, fourth tarsomere with pulvilus. Pre-tarsus with symmetrical claws and arolium. Abdomen without specialized tergites. Supra anal plate distally may be produced, straight or sinuous. Female supra anal plate hidden under tergite VII. Paraprocts are laminar, symmetrical in females and asymmetrical in males. Male right paraproct may have short conical spines in the internal basal margin, long spines in a row along the inner border, very long and grouped spines, whose apices converge or diverge distally, placed somewhat beyond the inner basal border. Male left paraproct hook shaped. Styli: right stylus with conical short spines with variable arrangement and the left stylus g [...]

Litoblatta clara (Walker, 1868) (Figs. 55–59, 74) Ischnoptera clara&l... more Litoblatta clara (Walker, 1868) (Figs. 55–59, 74) Ischnoptera clara Walker 1868: 114, Ischnoptera clara Finot 1897: 177, Ischnoptera clara Kirby 1904: 83, Ischnoptera brasiliensis Shelford 1908: 8, Litoblatta clara Princis 1959: 135, Litoblatta clara Princis 1969: 877, Litoblatta clara Rocha e Silva Albuquerque & Aguiar 1975: 236 (key to species), 238, fig. 10, Litoblatta paraguayensis Princis 1948: 13, fig. 15 (synonymy). Material examined. ARGENTINA. Province of Misiones: ♁, locality missing, 20/XII/1919, Joërgensen P. coll. (MLP); ♁, Acaraguá, 10/X/1969, Leg. G.M. R. (FCEN) (= Litoblatta brasiliensis in Crespo et al. 2010); ♁, PP Salto Encantado, 30/XI/1996, coll. missing (FCEN); ♁, San Javier, Puerto Londero, IV/1947, Viana M.J. coll. (MACN) (= Litoblatta brasiliensis in Crespo & Valverde 2008, Crespo et al. 2010). Diagnosis. Similar to L. misionerae. Via very wide and apically strongly curved (Fig. 58). The right stylus is transversal to body longitudinal axe. Left stylus with hairs (Fig. 57). Male. Measurements in mm. N = 4. PL: 3.20‾4.10; TeL: 13.87‾16.20; TL: 17.83‾19.90; IO: 0.40‾0.60; IOc: 0.40‾0.70; IA: 0.80–0.90. Supra anal plate posterior border almost straight (Fig. 55). The right paraproct has a spiny area at the internal margin near its base (Fig. 56). Subgenital plate styli as in figure 57. Genital sclerites are showed in figure 58. R1P presents caudally a convex scale zone sz (Fig. 59). L2 broader basally, via wide and apically strongly curved (Fig. 58). Female. Unknown. Distribution. Argentina-Province of Misiones.

Litoblatta elisae sp. nov. (Figs. 9–14, 69) Holotype. Argen... more Litoblatta elisae sp. nov. (Figs. 9–14, 69) Holotype. Argentina. Province of Misiones: ♁, PN Iguazú (lat 25.6399S, long 54.3617W), 17/I/2006, Angrisano E. coll. (MACN) MACN-En 34649. Paratypes. Argentina. Province of Corrientes: ♁, Santo Tomé, (lat 28.5494S, long 56.0489W), 22/IV/2014, Villarquide M.L. coll. (FCEN). Province of Misiones: ♁, San Pedro (lat 26.6207S, long 54.1056W), 12/ III /1957, Birabén M. coll. (MLP). Diagnosis. This species can be identified by the distribution of long spines in a row on the right paraproct (Fig.10). R1P with a scale zone sz (Fig. 13, 69) similar to sz of L. tucumanae (Fig. 71) and L. lutea (Fig. 68). Male. Measurements in mm. N= 3. PL: 2.56–3.50 (3.50); TeL: 12.80–13.44 (12.80); TL: (14.74); IO: 0.70–0.80 (0.80); IOc: 0.50–0.50 (0.50); IA: 0.70–0.80 (0.70). Supra anal plate with an apical straight margin (Fig. 9). The right paraproct presents a row of long spines on the internal basal margin near its base (Fig. 10). Styli as usual, right stylus short, covered with spines and left stylus covered with hairs (Fig. 11). Via slender and curved (Figs. 12, 14). R1P with a scale zone sz placed in a bigger sclerotized area (Fig. 13). Female. Unknown. Etymology. Dedicated to our colleague Dr Elisa B. Angrisano Distribution. Argentina-Provinces of Corrientes and Misiones

FIGURES 44‒51. Litoblatta argentina. 44. Opposed position of a copulating pair, female brachypter... more FIGURES 44‒51. Litoblatta argentina. 44. Opposed position of a copulating pair, female brachypterous and male macropterous. 45. Habitat, Sierra Grande, province of Río Negro. 46–47. Oothecae. 48. Male mature nymph, dorsal view. 49. Female mature nymph, dorsal view. 50. Male nymph subgenital plate with styli, ventral view. 51. Female nymph subgenital plate and cerci, ventral view.

Litoblatta tucumanae sp. nov. (Figs. 22–26, 71) Holotype. A... more Litoblatta tucumanae sp. nov. (Figs. 22–26, 71) Holotype. Argentina. Province of Tucumán: ♁, Departamento Cruz Alta, La Soledad, Cañete (lat 26.8685S, long 64.8452W), 27/I/1966, Bucher E. coll. (IFML) TBLA 002 (= L. brasiliensis in Crespo & Valverde 2008; Crespo et al. 2010) Paratypes. Argentina. Province of Salta: ♁, Cafayate, 20/XII/1970, Stange L. coll. (IFML). Province of Tucumán: ♁, locality missing, 430 m. a.s.l., XII/1946, Córdoba J. coll. (IFML ); ♁, Tucumán, locality missing, 12/I/1965, Weyrauch W. coll. (MLP); ♁, Tafí Viejo 700 m. a.s.l., 10/ III /1962, Weyrauch W. coll. (IFML); ♁, Departamento Leales, San Genaro, V /1948, coll. missing, (IFML); ♁, Famaillá, X/1947, García B.L. coll. (IFML); ♁, Cochuna, (lat 27.317S, long 65.917W), 10/ II /2013, Rubio G.D., Iuri H., Ojanguren A., Porta A. & Adilardi R. colls. (FCEN): ♁, Departamento Cruz Alta, La Soledad, Cañete (lat 26.8685S. long 64.8452W) 4/ III /1967, Bucher E. coll. (IFML) TBLA003. Diagnosis. Paraprocts similar to L. lutea but the spines of the right paraproct are shorter and are placed on the internal basal border (Fig. 23). L2 and via are disposed in an almost right angle (Fig. 24). The scale zone sz (Figs. 26, 71) occupies less than half of the sclerotized surface. Male. Measurements in mm. N= 8. PL: 3.40‾4.36 (3.72); TeL: 13.85‾18.73 (18.73); TL: 17.67‾22.07 (19.73); IO: 0.50‾1.00 (1.00); IOc: 0.40‾0.80 (0.80); IA: 0.80‾0.90 (0.90). Supra anal plate with an apical straight margin (Fig.22). Paraprocts: similar to L. lutea but the spines of the right paraproct are shorter and are placed on the internal basal border (Fig. 23). L2 and via are disposed in an almost right angle. Via slender and slightly curved uniformly (Fig. 24). L3 hook shaped, with an apical incision (Fig. 25). R1P with a quadrangular posterior area sclerotized with scale zone included. The scale zone sz occupies less than half of the sclerotized surface (Fig. 26). Female. Unknown. Etymology.</ [...]

Litoblatta misionerae sp. nov. (Figs. 15–21, 70) Holotype. Argentina. Province... more Litoblatta misionerae sp. nov. (Figs. 15–21, 70) Holotype. Argentina. Province of Misiones: ♁, PN Iguazú, Barrio Guardaparques (lat 25.6399S, long 54.3618W), 2009, Ramírez Llorenz, P. coll. (MACN) MACN-En 34650 Diagnosis. L. misionerae is the only species described from Argentina with a spinous left stylus (Fig. 17). Styli located at right angles; the right is transversal and the left is parallel to the body longitudinal axe as in L. clara, but it differs from the latter by a slender via (Figs. 20–21), not strongly curved apically. Scale zone sz (Figs. 19, 70) presents a patch of long hairs located in a soft cuticle area. Male. Measurements in mm. N= 1. PL: 5.10; TeL: 19.60; TL: 22.40; IO: 1.10; IOc: 0.70; IA: 1.10. Supra anal plate with an apical straight margin (Fig. 15). Both stylus with spines (Fig. 16–17). Right paraproct with a spinous area near its base on the internal border (Fig. ...

FIGURES 55‒59. Litoblatta clara. 55. Supra anal plate apical margin straight, dorsal view. 56. Ri... more FIGURES 55‒59. Litoblatta clara. 55. Supra anal plate apical margin straight, dorsal view. 56. Right paraproct with a group of spines at the internal margin near its base, ventral view. 57. Subgenital plate with styli placed perpendicularly to one another, ventral view. 58. Subgenital plate, L2+via and right complex R, dorsal view. 59. R, detail with scale zone sz, dorsal view.

Litoblatta argentina Rocha e Silva & Aguiar, 1975 (Figs. 34–54, 60–67,... more Litoblatta argentina Rocha e Silva & Aguiar, 1975 (Figs. 34–54, 60–67, 73) Litoblatta argentina Rocha e Silva & Aguiar 1975: 236, figs. 1–3. Litoblatta argentina Crespo & Valverde 2008: 173, fig. 16, Litoblatta argentina Crespo et al. 2010: 7, 24, fig. 3. Material examined. ARGENTINA. 3♁, locality, date and coll. missing (MLP). Povince of Buenos Aires: 5♁, locality missing, 4/I/1908, 15/III/1909, 27/III/1909, 21/II/1914 and 10/X/1925, Leg. Brèthes J. (MACN); 2♁, Alsina, date missing, Leg. Sánchez (MACN); 2♁, Barker, Estancia La Carreta, 27-30/I/2012, Crespo F. coll. (FCEN); ♁ Cañuelas, 2/IV/1919, coll. missing (MLP); ♁, Carmen de Patagones, 11/IV/1991, Leg. Iván (CFA); 2♁, Isla Martín García, IV/1938, Viana M.J. Coll. (MACN); ♁, Miramar, 17/ III /1926, Leg. Parodi R. (MACN); ♁, Saavedra, Estancia El Corjapie, 25/ III /1952, Olivier S. R. coll. (MLP); ♁, San Blas, 10/ II /1941, Birabén M. coll. (MLP); 4♁, San Blas, date and coll. missing (MACN); ♁, San Clemente del Tuyú, II /1963, Rizzo E.A. coll. (MLP); ♁, Tres Arroyos, 21/I/2005, Angrisano E., Sganga J. & Mussio G. colls. (FCEN); ♁, Tres Arroyos, 20/I/1938, Birabén M. & Scott colls. (MLP); 2♁, Zelaya, I/1934, Leg. Daguerre J (MACN). Province of Catamarca: ♁, locality missing, I/1910, Leg. Propile Spegacini (MACN); ♁, Andalgalá, 3/ III /1939, Birabén M. & Scott colls. (MLP); ♁, La Viña, 21/ III /1939, Birabén M. & Scott colls. (MLP). Province of Chubut: ♁, Balneario Radatilly, 18/I/1977, Leg. Stange L. (IFML); ♁, 2♀ & N, Comodoro Rivadavia, 5-7/ II /1916, Leg. Duello Jurado M. & Agusti E. colls. (MACN); 2♁, Puerto Madryn, 17-V-1915, Duello Jurado M. coll. (MACN); 2♁, 5♀, N♁ & N ♀, Puerto Madryn, 22/I/2018 Iuri H. coll. (FCEN). Province of Córdoba: ♁, Agua de Oro, I/1949, De Carlo J. coll. (MACN); ♁, Bialet Massé, 11/I/1976 - 3/ II /1976, Willink A. coll. (IFML); ♁, Cabana, II /1943, Birabén M. coll. (MLP); ♁, General San Martín, I/1946, coll. missing (IFML); ♁, La Falda, camino del [...]

Key to the species of Litoblatta from Argentina based on males 1 Right parapro... more Key to the species of Litoblatta from Argentina based on males 1 Right paraproct with an extension "digital process" (Fig. 36).......................................... L. argentina - Right paraproct without such extension.................................................................... 2 2. Styli located at right angles; the right is transversal and the left is parallel to the body longitudinal axis (Figs. 16–17, 57–58).................................................................................................... 3 - Styli parallel......................................................................................... 4 3. Both stylus with spines (Fig. 17)........................................................ L. misionerae sp. nov. - Spines present only on the right stylus (short).......................................................... L. clara 4. Short conic spines...