Maria Roth | UBB - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Maria Roth

Social Care under State Socialism (1945-1989), 2009

Oral Communications, 2017

Context: Maltreatment occurs in all countries and in all environments such as schools, residentia... more Context: Maltreatment occurs in all countries and in all environments such as schools, residential institutions and especially families but there are few comparative research projects to look at the effects of different cultures and organisational traditions on the effect of the known risk factors (like poverty, parenting stress, immaturity poor housing and marginalisation on violence against children). There are many gaps in our knowledge on the extent to which traditions can keep doors open to child maltreatment as opposed to laws, regulations and preventive measures that might promote children’s rights and their protection. In this context the presentation will look at existing research about child abuse and neglect specificities within former communist countries and their effects on the present policies and outcomes. It will also analyse existing data on prevention endeavours and their results in the last 27 years, in comparison with Western European countries. For historical data the presentation will mostly draw on the case of Romania, while for looking at prevention measures data will come from the PIECES project (Policy Investigation in Europe on Child Endangerment and Support, financed by Directorate of Justice, Daphne) which is among the few extensive data collection projects on child abuse and neglect legislative framework and prevention in all EU countries. Data were gathered via consultation with experts on violence against children in all EU member states. Results demonstrate that patterns of social policies in the area of prevention of child abuse and neglect have come much closer as for the legislative framework, as well as the prevention and intervention models, but resources deployed and professional requirements are still different, depending on institutional and community cultural traditions. We conclude that successful prevention policies of child abuse and neglect need to promote anti-violence values in a broader environmental change context and confront national policies and national cultural contexts. Child abuse and neglect, prevention, cultural context

Caritas is one of the best known charity organizations active in Europe. Established in Romania i... more Caritas is one of the best known charity organizations active in Europe. Established in Romania immediately after the political shift in 1990, it developed services for the needy in different areas of Romania, among them a large network of medical home-care for dependent people (elderly, sick and with disabilities). At the request of Caritas International, the main founder of the Romanian Caritas home-care services, the Department of Social Work (Babes-Bolyai University) has evaluated the project from the point of view of clients, their relatives/helpers, the professionals working within Caritas, and outside collaborators, including volunteers. Data were gathered by questionnaires with closed and open ended questions and interviews. In these pages we present the data gathered on a sample of 826 (out of the total of 8000) cared for people and their family members (564 respondents). The answers of these groups were compared. The cared-for people are in majority elderly people, women (...

Babes-Bolyai Universität Cluj-Napoca, Fakultät für Soziologie und Sozialarbei

Child Abuse & Neglect, 2020

OBJECTIVE Violence against children is a global public health concern. Researchers are increasing... more OBJECTIVE Violence against children is a global public health concern. Researchers are increasingly using self-report measures of physical, psychological, and sexual violence and neglect for population-based surveys. The current gold-standard measure, the 45-item ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool has been used across the world. This study assesses its adequacy for measuring abuse across countries. METHODS Multiple group confirmatory factor analyses were used to assess the configural, metric and scalar invariance of the measure across nine Balkan countries. Data were collected using a three-stage stratified random sampling frame of 42,194 school-attending children in three grades (aged 11,13 and 16 years) from schools in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, and Turkey. Children completed the ICAST-C, which measures children's exposure to physical, psychological, and sexual violence, neglect and witnessing household violence in the past year and across the lifespan. RESULTS The analyses show partial scalar invariance for the ICAST-C constructs children's exposure to physical and psychological violence, neglect and witnessing household violence across the nine countries and partial scalar invariance for the constructs of children's exposure to physical, psychological and sexual violence, neglect and witnessing household violence across eight countries (Turkey did not measure sexual violence). CONCLUSIONS The ICAST-C can be used to validly compare levels of physical, psychological, and sexual violence, neglect and witnessing violence in school-aged children across countries. It can also be used to validly compare the relations between these forms of violence and their covariates, predictors, and outcomes across countries.

Posters, 2017

Background The quality of life of children with complex care needs depends on collaboration betwe... more Background The quality of life of children with complex care needs depends on collaboration between parents and professionals involved in primary and secondary health care services, as well as in social and educational services. Scope The presentation will discuss the results of expert responses given by Romanian professionals in cases of complex care as part of the EU H2020 MOCHA project. The focus was on children with Epilepsy, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Autism, ADHD, Asthma, and Long Term Mechanic Ventilation (LTV). Methods Subject experts were asked about regulations, procedures and practices on collaboration in the multidisciplinary teams and asked to provide evidence for their statements. Results The analysis revealed many gaps in communication between primary and secondary care in both directions, between management of health care, social care and education, and also between professionals and parents, as well as children. When a child has an enduring and complex health condition the collaboration between health care providers and other caretakers is more problematic, and in the absence of e-platforms parents are often responsible for the circulation of information among professionals. In case of children with disabilities collaboration between health, education and social sectors have been recently regulated in Romania by the Governmental Order 1985/1305/5805/2016, accompanied by extensive guidelines on inter-sectoral cooperation, expected to bring significant improvements for multi-disciplinary involvement. For Asthma, Epilepsy and L. T. V, case management procedures are still lacking in Romania. Efforts to develop specific guidance and legislation have been sustained by parents’ associations that expect better information, transparency and collaborative work from professionals. Conclusions The results show recent improvements towards regulating multi-disciplinary cooperation, but there is no evidence of systematic evaluation assessing such collaboration. An e-platform for exchange of child health data is still lacking. Key-words: Multi-disciplinary teams, collaboration, children with complex care needs, case management

Actas Del Ii Symposium Internacional Sobre Justicia Juvenil Y Del I Congreso Europeo Sobre Programas De Cumplimiento De Medidas Judiciales Para Menores Vol 2 2008 Isbn 978 84 472 1134 0 Pags 295 301, 2008

SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY, SOCIOLOGY AND HEALTHCARE, EDUCATION, 2014

The Palgrave Handbook of Global Social Work Education, 2020

Social Change Review, 2011

In social and educational practices, a number of ‘negative’ descriptive categories such as minori... more In social and educational practices, a number of ‘negative’ descriptive categories such as minority or disability determines inequalities and deepens the vulnerability of such groups. We focus on the Roma students enrolled in Special Education and analyse the mechanisms of (re)producing stereotypes and discrimination. We interpret qualitative research data, conducted in a technical high-school from Cluj-Napoca. Our study concludes that Roma schoolchildren enrolled in special education, whether or not really disabled are discriminated against (on behalf of an educational practice that reinforces the stigma of an inferior ethnic group, socio-culturally marginalized) and thus, their opportunities are severely limited, since their very youthful years, spent in school education.

The conceptual framework of this analysis is based on the human rights perspective and the transi... more The conceptual framework of this analysis is based on the human rights perspective and the transitional justice. The main body of the article presents the testimonials of adults who grew up in institutional care in Romania, as collected in the framework of the SASCA project, funded by the European Union. 1

Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health, 2018

Children's exposure to violence is a major public health issue. The Balkan epidemiological st... more Children's exposure to violence is a major public health issue. The Balkan epidemiological study on Child Abuse and Neglect project aimed to collect internationally comparable data on violence exposures in childhood. A three stage stratified random sample of 42,194 school-attending children (response rate: 66.7%) in three grades (aged 11, 13 and 16 years) was drawn from schools in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Greece, Romania, Serbia and Turkey. Children completed the ICAST-C questionnaire, which measures children's exposure to violence by any perpetrator. Exposure rates for psychological violence were between 64.6% (FYROM) and 83.2% (Greece) for lifetime and 59.62% (Serbia) and 70.0% (Greece) for past-year prevalence. Physical violence exposure varied between 50.6% (FYROM) and 76.3% (Greece) for lifetime and 42.5% (FYROM) and 51.0% (Bosnia) for past-year prevalence. Sexual violence figures were highest ...

Transition to adulthood is a continuous process grounded in the daily choices youth make regardin... more Transition to adulthood is a continuous process grounded in the daily choices youth make regarding the focusing of their energies across the multiple social contexts of family, peers, school, work or romance. This current examines future family‑related plans adolescents might have on the verge of exiting high school and its relation to their self‑confidence, family, peer group and teacher support. An online survey was adminis‑ trated to 3,524 XII th graders. Results suggest that adolescents with high levels of support from their peers are more likely to plan moving with the partner, getting married or having a child in the near future. The level of family support is related to the likelihood of plan moving with the partner or getting married, while self confidence is a significant

Social Change Review, 2010

Statement of problem: The rate at which children are maltreated is one of the most sensitive meas... more Statement of problem: The rate at which children are maltreated is one of the most sensitive measures of demographic, social, and economic conditions. Maltreatment may differ markedly in terms of an area’s socio-demographic and economic makeup and this phenomenon needs to be studied in a structural context. This study employs a social disorganization perspective to identify the most reliable structural factors of child maltreatment for children aged 10 to 18 years in Valcea County. Method: ICAST-CH, an instrument developed by the International Society for Prevention Child Abuse and Neglect in order to assess child maltreatment’s rates in a unitary way in different countries. It was applied to 1142 children in Valcea’s urban areas. Results: child abuse is positive correlated to high rates of community violence and negative correlated with community resources. The parents’ education and occupation status is involved in explaining high rates of child abuse in different manners. Conclus...

Social Care under State Socialism (1945-1989), 2009

Oral Communications, 2017

Babes-Bolyai Universität Cluj-Napoca, Fakultät für Soziologie und Sozialarbei

Child Abuse & Neglect, 2020

Posters, 2017

SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY, SOCIOLOGY AND HEALTHCARE, EDUCATION, 2014

The Palgrave Handbook of Global Social Work Education, 2020

Social Change Review, 2011

Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health, 2018

Social Change Review, 2010

Rezultantele adolescentei. O viziune longitudinala, 2015

Cartea cuprinde o pparte din datele culese in cadrul unei cercetari națională privind viața ș... more Cartea cuprinde o pparte din datele culese in cadrul unei cercetari națională privind viața și proiectele de viitor ale tinerilor ı̂n cadrul Proiectului „Rezultantele adolescenței. O perspectivă longitudinală privind influențele contextului social asupra tranzițiilor de succes către viața adultă”, proiect PN‐II‐ID‐PCE‐2011‐3‐0543, finanțat de Consiliul Național al Cercetării Științifice. Proiectul și‐a propus un studiu longitudinal (după cunoștințele noastre primul studiu de acest tip din România) privind tranziția adolescenților spre statutul de adult tânăr, precum și identificarea și analiza factorilor demografici, legați de vecinătate și venituri, analiza relațiilor cu pă‐ rinții, prietenii și profesorii și a acelor contexte sociale (educaționale, familiale, servicii) care aduc beneficii ı̂n tranziția cu succes a adolescenților spre statutul de adult tânăr.

Principii versus practici in protectia copilului, 2019

Studiile din acest volum au fost întocmite în cadrul proiectului Sprijin pentru supraviețuitorii ... more Studiile din acest volum au fost întocmite în cadrul proiectului Sprijin pentru supraviețuitorii adulți ai unor abuzuri din copilărie, în instituțiile de protecție a copiilor (Support to Adult Survivors of Child Abuse and Neglect”, prescurtat SASCA, www.sasca.eu), finanțat de Comisia Europeană, prin Directoratul Justiție. Proiectul condus de Asociația Artemisia din Italia și desfășurat în Italia, Grecia, Irlanda și România răspunde obiectivului Comisiei Europene de a facilita accesul la justiție pentru toate victimele violenței, inclusiv de a promova și sprijini victimele care au suferit violențe în perioada copilăriei, în instituțiile de protecție a copiilor. Obiectivele cercetărilor din cadrul proiectului SASCA au fost de a analiza problemele legislative complexe care reglementează sau evită să abordeze raportarea violenței împotriva copiilor din sistemul de protecție, să surprindă atitudinile comunității față de abuzul instituțional și să pună în evidență consecințele pe durată lungă a violenței instituționale împotriva copiilor.

Carte in format electronic la Presa Universitara Clujeana, 2014

Cartea descrie instrumentul "Profilul Succesului Scolar" care evalueaza o serie de factori ce inf... more Cartea descrie instrumentul "Profilul Succesului Scolar" care evalueaza o serie de factori ce influenteaza succesul scolar al elevilor. Instrumentul a fost preluat din SUA, Universitatea Chapell Hill, si validat in Romania pe un lot reprezentativ national de elevi de gimnaziu. Unicitatea instrumentului e data de capacitatea lui de a orienta interventia, cu prioritate, in acele domenii unde sunt mai multi factori de risc: fie spre factorii familiali, fie spre relatia cadrelor didactice cu elevii, fie spre aspectele de interrelationale la elevi, fie spre factorii individuali, motivationali la coplul insusi. Spre deosebire de alte instrumente folosite de psihologi si consilieri, Profilul social al succesului scolar tine in multa mai mare masura cont de rolul cadrelor didactice in stimularea copiilor, de perceptia copiilor privind siguranta din scoala, de factorii comunitari, precum si de capacitatea parentala de a sustine motivatia si implicarea copilului in activitatile educationale. Este un instrument extrem de util in cazul in care se doresc cu adevarat schimbari in participarea scolara a elevilor