Emil Crisan | Babes-Bolyai University (original) (raw)

Papers by Emil Crisan

Analele Universităţii din Oradea. Ştiinţe economice, Jul 1, 2023

Currently, there are many discussions about the impact of digital transformation on company manag... more Currently, there are many discussions about the impact of digital transformation on company management, with success primarily reliant on firms' ability to adapt to new market demands. Consequently, to maintain their positions or to evolve, companies across all industries need to regularly update their structures and ideals in line with digital transformation. Although the precise definition of digital transformation is still unclear, as evidenced by inconsistencies in the literature, it is already influencing management practices carried out by companies. The goal of this paper is to analyze the impact of digital transformation, with its highly dynamic characteristics, on strategic management. In this sense, we perform a literature review of the papers which describe how the two topics are related. We discover that strategic management has evolved in response to digital transformation as conventional managerial practices nowadays would no longer work at maximum efficiency. Strategic management has changed, adopting new features, most notably faster decision-making and less arduous tasks for top managers, allowing them to focus exclusively on performing tasks that match their specific competencies. These results are useful for both practitioners and researchers in performing their daily strategic management activities, and research efforts, respectively.

Analele Universităţii din Oradea. Ştiinţe economice, Jul 1, 2023

Journal of Advances in Management Research, Jul 31, 2023

PurposeThis paper reviews existing research to understand when, how and with what results robotic... more PurposeThis paper reviews existing research to understand when, how and with what results robotic process automation (RPA) is implemented by organizations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors have identified 84 sources across eight databases and have analyzed them through the lens of a context–intervention–mechanism–outcomes framework (CIMO). The CIMO analysis maps the contextual drivers, intervention approaches and value related outcomes associated with RPA implementation.FindingsThe result of the analysis is the identification of four mechanisms explaining the approach organizations take to implement RPA: digitizing business processes, performing knowledge work together with humans, replacing outsourcing with RPA robots and developing a new business model. Therefore, in this paper, in order to reduce RPA literature fragmentation, the authors take into account the digital transformation (DT) perspective, by considering RPA as one example of digital technology.Practical implicationsThis study sensitize organizational adopters to the different mechanisms they can deploy to conduct RPA implementations to achieve different desired outcomes in response to different drivers. Moreover, having a clear picture of the key enablers and associated barriers to the realization of these alternative paths serve as a useful map to guide the implementation process.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to DT research by conceptualizing these mechanisms through which organizations deploy automation tools—such as RPA.

International journal of management in education, 2020

Traditionally, teaching practices of university teachers have been investigated in the context of... more Traditionally, teaching practices of university teachers have been investigated in the context of academic disciplines and teaching approaches. Alternatively, our research analyses teachers' motivational beliefs and selfconfidence in their teaching practices measured by using ten teaching methods. This study investigates the role of goal orientation and self-efficacy as predictors of knowledge and use of teaching methods of 447 university teachers. The findings demonstrate that mastery goal orientation has a positive effect on both student and teacher-centred methods. Additionally, performance goal orientation is a negative predictor of role-playing knowledge and use, being positively associated with lecturing and demonstration. Self-efficacy has a positive effect on the use and knowledge of almost all ten teaching methods. These results can be employed to improve efforts in increasing teaching quality by developing varied mechanisms which can positively impact teachers' motivational beliefs and self-confidence.

Analele Universităţii din Oradea, Jul 15, 2022

Quality management has evolved in business for already a century. It was a continuous development... more Quality management has evolved in business for already a century. It was a continuous development; new concepts have emerged and have been used without giving up on previously developed constructs. For example, Shewhart has used the PDCA cycle under an initial form in 1939, but it is still widely used as a core construct of the ISO 9000 quality management family of standards. The question we address within this article is how quality management has been adopted within the healthcare industry, probably one of the most reticent industries when it comes to adopting new technologies and solutions. In order to answer this question, we firstly review the quality management concepts developed within the healthcare industry. Secondly, we detail a framework for the adoption of quality management initiatives (QMIs) in other industries, as a reference for managers working in the healthcare industry to guide their actions. In the third part, a review of the most relevant quality management initiatives within the healthcare industry are presented. The fourth part is a presentation of the most common issues related to process management in the healthcare industry, one of the most important areas related to quality management these days. The fifth part concludes with some advices for healthcare industry managers who are to further adopt quality management in their organizations.

Governance and management are commonly debated at firm’s level as two inter-related concepts. As ... more Governance and management are commonly debated at firm’s level as two inter-related concepts. As supply chains and networks of firms tend to become the most important players of the economic world, one question addressed within this article is whether at supply chain level these two concepts have specific and different meanings. A theoretical review is performed. The main conclusion is that a real differentiation has not been yet performed, as long as the interest for supply chain governance between supply chain practitioners and researchers is very low.

Proceedings of the 52nd International Academic Conference, Barcelona, 2019

Imaginary, also defined in the literature as imaginaire and imaginal, which are concepts develope... more Imaginary, also defined in the literature as imaginaire and imaginal, which are concepts developed by the French school of research on imagination ("recherches sur l'imaginaire") and which have their roots in the Latin words "imago" and "imaginatio", is the main focus of our paper. Imaginary refers to the products of imagination and the representations created by an individual or collective fantasy. Given the narrow use of these concepts by international researchers, one research opportunity we have observed is to clarify the boundaries and connections between imaginary and other related concepts, as culture, social imaginary, social representations and others. The question this paper answers is the following: is imaginary just culture or more? In order to answer it, we revise the literature concerning the concepts mentioned above, and also models which explain the emergence of culture and its component elements. Based on these conceptual analysis, we propose a representation for the imaginary with the aim of better understanding this concept.

International Journal of Managing Projects in Business

PurposeIn literature, it is recognized that there is no universal set of critical success factors... more PurposeIn literature, it is recognized that there is no universal set of critical success factors (CSFs) applicable to all projects. The goal of this research is to validate a theoretical model which considers that CSFs’ influence on project success (PS) is configurational, that CSFs combine to influence PS.Design/methodology/approachThe authors proposed a theoretical framework which operationalizes CSFs considering contingency and institutional theories' terms, as external contingencies, organizational resources and project strategies, which influence PS. The framework is validated through a qualitative approach on 18 social projects implemented by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Based on the conducted semistructured interviews with NGO managers or project managers, 91 instances when CSFs combine to influence PS were identified.FindingsThe dominant path reveals the combination of CSFs in terms of strategies adopted to face contingencies (70 instances), another as resource...

Journal of International Management, Dec 1, 2021

Abstract This study explores the interdependent effects of internationalisation and sources of in... more Abstract This study explores the interdependent effects of internationalisation and sources of internal and external knowledge on the level of innovation. We present possible pathways that small innovative Romanian software product provider firms pursue to reconfigure their resources to be competitive beyond CEE. This product provider segment of the software development industry exhibits characteristics of innovation-driven economy in specific Romanian city-regions. We examine fourteen SMEs that develop their own products using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. fsQCA allows us to methodologically differentiate between the distinct pathways to high-level and low-level innovation based on the sources of knowledge and the degree of internationalisation of the product market. We find that internationalisation accelerates the level of product innovation; but together with knowledge sources, it becomes a critical differentiator between high and low-level innovation products. We also find that while combining internal knowledge sources with internationalisation is an effective way for early and gradual internationalisers to introduce high-level innovation products, some internationalised firms rely on the advantages of early internationalisation to the exclusion of external knowledge sources. Moreover, if internationalised, local market-oriented firms can move beyond low-level innovation. Our findings extend the current understanding of the dynamics of SME internationalisation and innovation in the CEE context.

Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Feb 1, 2022

Management Learning, May 11, 2023

The past decade has seen increased interest in entrepreneurship education outside business school... more The past decade has seen increased interest in entrepreneurship education outside business schools, driven both by changes in market demand and governmental policies. This has led to an expansion of embedded entrepreneurship education, where entrepreneurship is included as part of existing, non-business courses. Using the context-intervention-outcome-mechanism framework, we systematically review 33 cases of embedded entrepreneurship education programs to understand where, how, and with what outcomes such initiatives were implemented. Our analysis identifies four mechanisms, which explain how embedded entrepreneurship education functions: individual, team-based, organizational, and multi-organizational. Our analysis points to three key recommendations for embedded entrepreneurship education practice and three related avenues for future research: considering program scalability, intended outcomes and misaligned pedagogical models, and contextual diversity.

The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2019

Over the past 15 years, accelerators emerged as a popular and distinct new form of intermediary o... more Over the past 15 years, accelerators emerged as a popular and distinct new form of intermediary organization, playing a key role in supporting entrepreneurial and innovation activities. To date, despite significant growth in accelerators research, there is still little understanding of how different forms of accelerators operate, and what outcomes they produce across different contexts. This paper reviews the existing scholarly research on accelerators using the Context-Intervention-Mechanism-Outcome framework and is based on the analysis of 98 research papers on accelerators published in the last 15 years. The analysis identifies four mechanisms which explain how accelerators operate and the role they play in supporting entrepreneurship and innovation: the validation of ideas and products; the provision of product development and models learning; the provision of support to increase startups' market access & growth; and the provision of support for innovation. The paper identifies the methodological and theoretical gaps in current research and provides avenues to support future research and industry practice.

Economia

We consider an equilibrated supply chain with two equal partners, a vendor and a retailer (also c... more We consider an equilibrated supply chain with two equal partners, a vendor and a retailer (also called newsboy type products supply chain). The actions of each partner are driven by profit. Given the fact that at supply chain level are specific external influences which affect the costs and concordant the profit, we use a game theoretic model for the situation, considering costs and demand. At theoretical level, symmetric and asymmetric information patterns are considered for this situation. There are at every supply chain's level situations when external factors (such as inflation, raw-material rate) influence the situation of each partner even if the information is well shared within the chain. The model we propose considers both the external factors and asymmetric information within a supply chain.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Oct 21, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Review of International Comparative Management

Technology transfer is a fashionable term, a window towards improved processes, and also a huge p... more Technology transfer is a fashionable term, a window towards improved processes, and also a huge part of business strategies meant to ensure competitive advantage, progress, and nonetheless, novelty for companies around the world. Due to its relevance and wide applicability, its associated concepts are even more important as they describe how technology transfer works and they also predict how technology transfer will evolve in the future. The purpose of this paper is to present the concepts used in association with technology transfer and consequently to surpass the shortcomings of existing research. Concepts as technology transfer, technology learning, diffusion of innovation, entrepreneurship, knowledge transfer, marketing of research are placed in the context of technology transfer, based on a detailed literature review that we have performed.

The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences

Recent literature has focused increasingly on software ecosystems and digital platforms. Digital ... more Recent literature has focused increasingly on software ecosystems and digital platforms. Digital platforms, as the foundation that supports software ecosystems’ development, have reshaped the traditional business models by focusing more on new dimensions such as stakeholders instead of customers and suppliers, or value co-creation instead of value creation. Software ecosystems contribute significantly to how business is conducted around the world. By performing an overview of recent literature published in Web of Science top academic journals, our paper presents a bibliometric co-occurrence and co-authorship analysis of both software ecosystems and digital platforms. The results show that software ecosystems and digital platforms research collide based on the key words co-occurrence analysis under a certain degree, underlying the evolution of the two topics towards platform ecosystem and platform economy research in recent years.

Studies in Business and Economics, 2012

Boards' involvement in the decision process has been reported in different ways in accordance wit... more Boards' involvement in the decision process has been reported in different ways in accordance with corporate governance theories. Several scholars postulates that both resource dependence and stakeholder theory emphasize board involvement in decision management through boards' service roles; the legalistic perspective describes boards' involvement in decision control through the execution of control roles; whereas stewardship theory reflects boards' involvement in both decision management and decision control through boards' strategic roles. Other theoreticians split the way in which boards get involved in the decision process into two phases and make comments on the contractual approach associated with agency theory, managerial theory, legalistic theory, stakeholder theory within which boards are known for their limited involvement and on strategic approach linked to stewardship theory and resource dependency theory which recognize the strategic role of boards. Unlike board's control task which is grounded in the agency theory, the strategic task of boards is believed to have a multitheoretic basis. The paper makes a comparative analysis of different corporate governance theories that are linked to the strategic role of boards.

Polish journal of management studies, 2012

Globalization is measured by the number of countries where companies have subsidiaries. Being pre... more Globalization is measured by the number of countries where companies have subsidiaries. Being present on different markets, owning manufacturing capabilities in countries with inexpensive labor force or ensuring the direct supply of raw materials are decisions made by all companies which consider the expansion and the power of their business. The goal of this article is to discuss about choosing the best alternative for expansion if governance mechanisms are considered. Two alternatives exist: one is to expand by acquisition; the other is to enter another country through partnerships. Considering simple corporate governance, both alternatives contain supplementary elements, creating in this manner more complex environments. Multinational companies (MNCs) add to the simple - domestic corporate governance the next elements: multi-national governance systems characteristics and forms of expansion, but also local business cultures. Supply chain governance contains the elements presented...

Analele Universităţii din Oradea. Ştiinţe economice, Jul 1, 2023

Currently, there are many discussions about the impact of digital transformation on company manag... more Currently, there are many discussions about the impact of digital transformation on company management, with success primarily reliant on firms' ability to adapt to new market demands. Consequently, to maintain their positions or to evolve, companies across all industries need to regularly update their structures and ideals in line with digital transformation. Although the precise definition of digital transformation is still unclear, as evidenced by inconsistencies in the literature, it is already influencing management practices carried out by companies. The goal of this paper is to analyze the impact of digital transformation, with its highly dynamic characteristics, on strategic management. In this sense, we perform a literature review of the papers which describe how the two topics are related. We discover that strategic management has evolved in response to digital transformation as conventional managerial practices nowadays would no longer work at maximum efficiency. Strategic management has changed, adopting new features, most notably faster decision-making and less arduous tasks for top managers, allowing them to focus exclusively on performing tasks that match their specific competencies. These results are useful for both practitioners and researchers in performing their daily strategic management activities, and research efforts, respectively.

Analele Universităţii din Oradea. Ştiinţe economice, Jul 1, 2023

Journal of Advances in Management Research, Jul 31, 2023

PurposeThis paper reviews existing research to understand when, how and with what results robotic... more PurposeThis paper reviews existing research to understand when, how and with what results robotic process automation (RPA) is implemented by organizations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors have identified 84 sources across eight databases and have analyzed them through the lens of a context–intervention–mechanism–outcomes framework (CIMO). The CIMO analysis maps the contextual drivers, intervention approaches and value related outcomes associated with RPA implementation.FindingsThe result of the analysis is the identification of four mechanisms explaining the approach organizations take to implement RPA: digitizing business processes, performing knowledge work together with humans, replacing outsourcing with RPA robots and developing a new business model. Therefore, in this paper, in order to reduce RPA literature fragmentation, the authors take into account the digital transformation (DT) perspective, by considering RPA as one example of digital technology.Practical implicationsThis study sensitize organizational adopters to the different mechanisms they can deploy to conduct RPA implementations to achieve different desired outcomes in response to different drivers. Moreover, having a clear picture of the key enablers and associated barriers to the realization of these alternative paths serve as a useful map to guide the implementation process.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to DT research by conceptualizing these mechanisms through which organizations deploy automation tools—such as RPA.

International journal of management in education, 2020

Traditionally, teaching practices of university teachers have been investigated in the context of... more Traditionally, teaching practices of university teachers have been investigated in the context of academic disciplines and teaching approaches. Alternatively, our research analyses teachers' motivational beliefs and selfconfidence in their teaching practices measured by using ten teaching methods. This study investigates the role of goal orientation and self-efficacy as predictors of knowledge and use of teaching methods of 447 university teachers. The findings demonstrate that mastery goal orientation has a positive effect on both student and teacher-centred methods. Additionally, performance goal orientation is a negative predictor of role-playing knowledge and use, being positively associated with lecturing and demonstration. Self-efficacy has a positive effect on the use and knowledge of almost all ten teaching methods. These results can be employed to improve efforts in increasing teaching quality by developing varied mechanisms which can positively impact teachers' motivational beliefs and self-confidence.

Analele Universităţii din Oradea, Jul 15, 2022

Quality management has evolved in business for already a century. It was a continuous development... more Quality management has evolved in business for already a century. It was a continuous development; new concepts have emerged and have been used without giving up on previously developed constructs. For example, Shewhart has used the PDCA cycle under an initial form in 1939, but it is still widely used as a core construct of the ISO 9000 quality management family of standards. The question we address within this article is how quality management has been adopted within the healthcare industry, probably one of the most reticent industries when it comes to adopting new technologies and solutions. In order to answer this question, we firstly review the quality management concepts developed within the healthcare industry. Secondly, we detail a framework for the adoption of quality management initiatives (QMIs) in other industries, as a reference for managers working in the healthcare industry to guide their actions. In the third part, a review of the most relevant quality management initiatives within the healthcare industry are presented. The fourth part is a presentation of the most common issues related to process management in the healthcare industry, one of the most important areas related to quality management these days. The fifth part concludes with some advices for healthcare industry managers who are to further adopt quality management in their organizations.

Governance and management are commonly debated at firm’s level as two inter-related concepts. As ... more Governance and management are commonly debated at firm’s level as two inter-related concepts. As supply chains and networks of firms tend to become the most important players of the economic world, one question addressed within this article is whether at supply chain level these two concepts have specific and different meanings. A theoretical review is performed. The main conclusion is that a real differentiation has not been yet performed, as long as the interest for supply chain governance between supply chain practitioners and researchers is very low.

Proceedings of the 52nd International Academic Conference, Barcelona, 2019

Imaginary, also defined in the literature as imaginaire and imaginal, which are concepts develope... more Imaginary, also defined in the literature as imaginaire and imaginal, which are concepts developed by the French school of research on imagination ("recherches sur l'imaginaire") and which have their roots in the Latin words "imago" and "imaginatio", is the main focus of our paper. Imaginary refers to the products of imagination and the representations created by an individual or collective fantasy. Given the narrow use of these concepts by international researchers, one research opportunity we have observed is to clarify the boundaries and connections between imaginary and other related concepts, as culture, social imaginary, social representations and others. The question this paper answers is the following: is imaginary just culture or more? In order to answer it, we revise the literature concerning the concepts mentioned above, and also models which explain the emergence of culture and its component elements. Based on these conceptual analysis, we propose a representation for the imaginary with the aim of better understanding this concept.

International Journal of Managing Projects in Business

PurposeIn literature, it is recognized that there is no universal set of critical success factors... more PurposeIn literature, it is recognized that there is no universal set of critical success factors (CSFs) applicable to all projects. The goal of this research is to validate a theoretical model which considers that CSFs’ influence on project success (PS) is configurational, that CSFs combine to influence PS.Design/methodology/approachThe authors proposed a theoretical framework which operationalizes CSFs considering contingency and institutional theories' terms, as external contingencies, organizational resources and project strategies, which influence PS. The framework is validated through a qualitative approach on 18 social projects implemented by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Based on the conducted semistructured interviews with NGO managers or project managers, 91 instances when CSFs combine to influence PS were identified.FindingsThe dominant path reveals the combination of CSFs in terms of strategies adopted to face contingencies (70 instances), another as resource...

Journal of International Management, Dec 1, 2021

Abstract This study explores the interdependent effects of internationalisation and sources of in... more Abstract This study explores the interdependent effects of internationalisation and sources of internal and external knowledge on the level of innovation. We present possible pathways that small innovative Romanian software product provider firms pursue to reconfigure their resources to be competitive beyond CEE. This product provider segment of the software development industry exhibits characteristics of innovation-driven economy in specific Romanian city-regions. We examine fourteen SMEs that develop their own products using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. fsQCA allows us to methodologically differentiate between the distinct pathways to high-level and low-level innovation based on the sources of knowledge and the degree of internationalisation of the product market. We find that internationalisation accelerates the level of product innovation; but together with knowledge sources, it becomes a critical differentiator between high and low-level innovation products. We also find that while combining internal knowledge sources with internationalisation is an effective way for early and gradual internationalisers to introduce high-level innovation products, some internationalised firms rely on the advantages of early internationalisation to the exclusion of external knowledge sources. Moreover, if internationalised, local market-oriented firms can move beyond low-level innovation. Our findings extend the current understanding of the dynamics of SME internationalisation and innovation in the CEE context.

Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Feb 1, 2022

Management Learning, May 11, 2023

The past decade has seen increased interest in entrepreneurship education outside business school... more The past decade has seen increased interest in entrepreneurship education outside business schools, driven both by changes in market demand and governmental policies. This has led to an expansion of embedded entrepreneurship education, where entrepreneurship is included as part of existing, non-business courses. Using the context-intervention-outcome-mechanism framework, we systematically review 33 cases of embedded entrepreneurship education programs to understand where, how, and with what outcomes such initiatives were implemented. Our analysis identifies four mechanisms, which explain how embedded entrepreneurship education functions: individual, team-based, organizational, and multi-organizational. Our analysis points to three key recommendations for embedded entrepreneurship education practice and three related avenues for future research: considering program scalability, intended outcomes and misaligned pedagogical models, and contextual diversity.

The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2019

Over the past 15 years, accelerators emerged as a popular and distinct new form of intermediary o... more Over the past 15 years, accelerators emerged as a popular and distinct new form of intermediary organization, playing a key role in supporting entrepreneurial and innovation activities. To date, despite significant growth in accelerators research, there is still little understanding of how different forms of accelerators operate, and what outcomes they produce across different contexts. This paper reviews the existing scholarly research on accelerators using the Context-Intervention-Mechanism-Outcome framework and is based on the analysis of 98 research papers on accelerators published in the last 15 years. The analysis identifies four mechanisms which explain how accelerators operate and the role they play in supporting entrepreneurship and innovation: the validation of ideas and products; the provision of product development and models learning; the provision of support to increase startups' market access & growth; and the provision of support for innovation. The paper identifies the methodological and theoretical gaps in current research and provides avenues to support future research and industry practice.

Economia

We consider an equilibrated supply chain with two equal partners, a vendor and a retailer (also c... more We consider an equilibrated supply chain with two equal partners, a vendor and a retailer (also called newsboy type products supply chain). The actions of each partner are driven by profit. Given the fact that at supply chain level are specific external influences which affect the costs and concordant the profit, we use a game theoretic model for the situation, considering costs and demand. At theoretical level, symmetric and asymmetric information patterns are considered for this situation. There are at every supply chain's level situations when external factors (such as inflation, raw-material rate) influence the situation of each partner even if the information is well shared within the chain. The model we propose considers both the external factors and asymmetric information within a supply chain.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Oct 21, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Review of International Comparative Management

Technology transfer is a fashionable term, a window towards improved processes, and also a huge p... more Technology transfer is a fashionable term, a window towards improved processes, and also a huge part of business strategies meant to ensure competitive advantage, progress, and nonetheless, novelty for companies around the world. Due to its relevance and wide applicability, its associated concepts are even more important as they describe how technology transfer works and they also predict how technology transfer will evolve in the future. The purpose of this paper is to present the concepts used in association with technology transfer and consequently to surpass the shortcomings of existing research. Concepts as technology transfer, technology learning, diffusion of innovation, entrepreneurship, knowledge transfer, marketing of research are placed in the context of technology transfer, based on a detailed literature review that we have performed.

The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences

Recent literature has focused increasingly on software ecosystems and digital platforms. Digital ... more Recent literature has focused increasingly on software ecosystems and digital platforms. Digital platforms, as the foundation that supports software ecosystems’ development, have reshaped the traditional business models by focusing more on new dimensions such as stakeholders instead of customers and suppliers, or value co-creation instead of value creation. Software ecosystems contribute significantly to how business is conducted around the world. By performing an overview of recent literature published in Web of Science top academic journals, our paper presents a bibliometric co-occurrence and co-authorship analysis of both software ecosystems and digital platforms. The results show that software ecosystems and digital platforms research collide based on the key words co-occurrence analysis under a certain degree, underlying the evolution of the two topics towards platform ecosystem and platform economy research in recent years.

Studies in Business and Economics, 2012

Boards' involvement in the decision process has been reported in different ways in accordance wit... more Boards' involvement in the decision process has been reported in different ways in accordance with corporate governance theories. Several scholars postulates that both resource dependence and stakeholder theory emphasize board involvement in decision management through boards' service roles; the legalistic perspective describes boards' involvement in decision control through the execution of control roles; whereas stewardship theory reflects boards' involvement in both decision management and decision control through boards' strategic roles. Other theoreticians split the way in which boards get involved in the decision process into two phases and make comments on the contractual approach associated with agency theory, managerial theory, legalistic theory, stakeholder theory within which boards are known for their limited involvement and on strategic approach linked to stewardship theory and resource dependency theory which recognize the strategic role of boards. Unlike board's control task which is grounded in the agency theory, the strategic task of boards is believed to have a multitheoretic basis. The paper makes a comparative analysis of different corporate governance theories that are linked to the strategic role of boards.

Polish journal of management studies, 2012

Globalization is measured by the number of countries where companies have subsidiaries. Being pre... more Globalization is measured by the number of countries where companies have subsidiaries. Being present on different markets, owning manufacturing capabilities in countries with inexpensive labor force or ensuring the direct supply of raw materials are decisions made by all companies which consider the expansion and the power of their business. The goal of this article is to discuss about choosing the best alternative for expansion if governance mechanisms are considered. Two alternatives exist: one is to expand by acquisition; the other is to enter another country through partnerships. Considering simple corporate governance, both alternatives contain supplementary elements, creating in this manner more complex environments. Multinational companies (MNCs) add to the simple - domestic corporate governance the next elements: multi-national governance systems characteristics and forms of expansion, but also local business cultures. Supply chain governance contains the elements presented...