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Papers by Steve Carlton-Ford

Research paper thumbnail of Guns and Butter: Child Mortality and the Mediators of Militarization

Armed Forces & Society

Which types of militarization affect child mortality? Which type appears to lower it; which appea... more Which types of militarization affect child mortality? Which type appears to lower it; which appears to push it higher? This article focuses on social militarization (i.e., troops as a proportion of workforce-aged population) and praetorian militarization (i.e., the military’s control or strong influence over the government), investigating their impact on child mortality using pooled time series analysis covering 142 countries from 1996 through 2008. We find that social and praetorian militarization have opposite effects even after controlling for potentially confounding influences. Access to basic public health infrastructures and education mediates between each type of militarization and child mortality.

Research paper thumbnail of Emergency Physicians’ Perception of Barriers and Facilitators for Adopting an Opioid Prescribing Guideline in Ohio: A Qualitative Interview Study

The Journal of Emergency Medicine

Background-Ohio has the fifth highest rate of prescription opioid overdose deaths in the United S... more Background-Ohio has the fifth highest rate of prescription opioid overdose deaths in the United States. One strategy implemented to address this concern is a statewide opioid prescribing guideline in the emergency department (ED). Objective-Our aim was to explore emergency physicians' perceptions on barriers and strategies for the Ohio ED opioid prescribing guideline. Methods-Semi-structured interviews with emergency physicians in Ohio were conducted from October to December 2016. Emergency physicians were recruited through the American College of Emergency Physicians Ohio State Chapter. The interview guide explored issues related to the implementation of the guidelines. Interview data were transcribed and thematically analyzed and coded using a scheme of inductively determined labels.

Research paper thumbnail of The Routledge Handbook of War and Society: Iraq and Afghanistan

ABSTRACT http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415731218/

Research paper thumbnail of Essay: Common Fates, Common Goals—A Response to Cyr

Armed Forces & Society

“The Soldier, the State, and the People—Costs and Benefits of Military Regimes”: Evaluating the E... more “The Soldier, the State, and the People—Costs and Benefits of Military Regimes”: Evaluating the Essay “Guns and Butter: Child Mortality and the Mediators of Militarization” raises several concerns about the theory and analyses in our article. We address what we see as the three most important: (1) the necessity of both qualitative and quantitative analyses in the study of militarization; (2) correlational versus causal analysis; and (3) the value of Huntington’s analysis of praetorian militarization. We have varying levels of agreement.

Research paper thumbnail of There but not there": Imagined bonds with siblings never known

Death studies, Aug 31, 2017

Continuing a bond after a loved one's death is considered typical and healthy. However, such ... more Continuing a bond after a loved one's death is considered typical and healthy. However, such a bond can continue symbolically only if it existed in the first place. What of indirect grievers, those who never knew the decedent? The authors describe bonds between individuals who did not have a living relationship to begin with, a concept referred to as imagined bonds. Forty-nine adults, who had a sibling die that they never knew, were interviewed. This article describes the bonds constructed between participants and the sibling they never knew. The authors compare and contrast the concepts of continuing bonds versus imagined bonds.

Research paper thumbnail of The Routledge Handbook of War and Society: Iraq and Afghanistan

http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415731218/

Research paper thumbnail of Statewide cross-sectional survey of emergency departments' adoption and implementation of the Ohio opioid prescribing guidelines and opioid prescribing practices

BMJ open, Jan 30, 2018

To evaluate the implementation of the Ohio Emergency and Acute Care Facility Opioids and Other Co... more To evaluate the implementation of the Ohio Emergency and Acute Care Facility Opioids and Other Controlled Substances Prescribing Guidelines and their perceived impact on local policies and practice. The study design was a cross-sectional survey of emergency department (ED) medical directors, or appropriate person identified by the hospital, perception of the impact of the Ohio ED Opioid Prescribing Guidelines on their departments practice. All hospitals with an ED in Ohio were contacted throughout October and November 2016. Distribution followed Dillman's Tailored Design Method, augmented with telephone recruitment. Hospital chief executive officers were contacted when necessary to encourage ED participation. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the impact of opioid prescribing policies on prescribing practices. A 92% response rate was obtained (150/163 EDs). In total, 112 (75%) of the respondents stated that their ED has an opioid prescribing policy, is adopting one or is...

Research paper thumbnail of Charisma, Ritual, Collective Effervescence, and Self���esteem

Research paper thumbnail of A Role Conflict Theory of Religious Change: An Explanation and Test

Search ETDs: OhioLINK ETD. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Climatic disruptions, natural resources, and conflict: the challenges to governance

Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 2015

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Civil War and Life Chances

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of ritual and charisma: The creation of collective effervescence and the support of psychic strength

Research paper thumbnail of THE IMPACT OF WAR, ADULT HIV/AIDS, AND MILITARIZATION ON YOUNG CHILDREN'S MORTALITY

Sociological Studies of Children and Youth, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Praetorian Militarization and Children's Life Chances

Sociological Studies of Children and Youth, 2011

ABSTRACT Purpose – This chapter examines the impact of armed conflict and three forms of militari... more ABSTRACT Purpose – This chapter examines the impact of armed conflict and three forms of militarization on child mortality rates cross-nationally. Previous theorizing argues that praetorian militaries create conditions particularly adverse to the well-being of civilians, but the effects of praetorian militarization are likely confounded both by economic and social militarization, and by armed conflict, economic development, and political regime.Methodology – This study conducts a cross-national panel study of the impact of armed conflict and militarization on civilian life chances using data from 175 countries with populations 200,000 or larger. Analyses employ a fixed-effects model, which controls for stable country characteristics; the analyses also control for time-varying characteristics of countries that influence the impact of armed conflict and militarization on life chances.Findings – Praetorian militarization appears to increase child mortality, as does social militarization (particularly during years of internationalized internal armed conflict), once stable country effects and other variables are controlled. This chapter is the first to systematically examine the impact of praetorian militarization on social development (indexed by child mortality rates).

Research paper thumbnail of Sociological Focus's Editorial Assistant: Moving on and Moving Up

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of reproductive status changes on family functioning and well-being of mothers and daughters

Journal of Early Adolescence, 1991

Associations among family relations, mother reproductive status, daughter reproductive timing, an... more Associations among family relations, mother reproductive status, daughter reproductive timing, and well-being were examined in 144 mothers and their adolescent daughters. First, effects of mother reproductive status and daughter reproductive timing on ...

Research paper thumbnail of A Longitudinal Analysis of Depressed Mood, Self-Esteem and Family Processes during Adolescence

Sociological Focus, 1996

Résumé/Abstract This study tests three alternative causal models of the relations among self-este... more Résumé/Abstract This study tests three alternative causal models of the relations among self-esteem, depressed mood and family processes in a longitudinal sample of adolescent girls (N= 193) from the United States. The authors find little support for a causal model based ...

Research paper thumbnail of North Central Sociological Association Presidential Address. I Didn't Build That: Life Chances, Life Course, Habitus, and Dumb Luck—a Life in Sociology

Research paper thumbnail of A Simple Method for Estimating and Testing Equality Restrictions Using Ols Regression

Sociological Focus, 1993

ABSTRACT This paper presents a simple method, using OLS regression, for testing equality restrict... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a simple method, using OLS regression, for testing equality restrictions imposed on coefficients estimated in the same equation (ERLR-OLS). The equality restriction on any two coefficients (b1 and b2) for any two variables (X and W) can be estimated and tested in a stepwise regression equation. In testing equality restrictions, the sum of the two variables (S=X+W) and the difference between them (D=X-W) should be entered hierarchically. The coefficient for S (b4) in the first step estimates the restricted regression; the significance of the coefficient for the difference (p of b7) in the second step indicates whether the equality restriction significantly affects the fit of the model to the data. The approach outlined above yields results identical to those obtained using Rindskopf's (1984) Linear Equality Constraints, but is theoretically more interesting, allowing for models containing dyadic effects. Similarly, ERLR-OLS yields the same results obtained by estimating restricted OLS regressions using maximum likelihood procedures, but does not require these more sophisticated procedures. Unlike other treatments of this topic, emphasis is placed on the theoretical interpretations that can be placed on equality restrictions particularly when used with dyadic data.

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of perceived stigma and psychological over-control on the behavioural problems of children with epilepsy

Seizure, 1997

This pilot study finds that parents who think that their child will be stigmatized and who percei... more This pilot study finds that parents who think that their child will be stigmatized and who perceive that epilepsy limits their child, report higher levels of four child behavioural problems than reported by other parents of children with epilepsy. Those children with epilepsy who report that their parents use an over-controlling psychological approach to parenting report higher levels of four behavioural problems than those children with epilepsy who do not report over-contTolling behaviour from their parents.

Research paper thumbnail of Guns and Butter: Child Mortality and the Mediators of Militarization

Armed Forces & Society

Which types of militarization affect child mortality? Which type appears to lower it; which appea... more Which types of militarization affect child mortality? Which type appears to lower it; which appears to push it higher? This article focuses on social militarization (i.e., troops as a proportion of workforce-aged population) and praetorian militarization (i.e., the military’s control or strong influence over the government), investigating their impact on child mortality using pooled time series analysis covering 142 countries from 1996 through 2008. We find that social and praetorian militarization have opposite effects even after controlling for potentially confounding influences. Access to basic public health infrastructures and education mediates between each type of militarization and child mortality.

Research paper thumbnail of Emergency Physicians’ Perception of Barriers and Facilitators for Adopting an Opioid Prescribing Guideline in Ohio: A Qualitative Interview Study

The Journal of Emergency Medicine

Background-Ohio has the fifth highest rate of prescription opioid overdose deaths in the United S... more Background-Ohio has the fifth highest rate of prescription opioid overdose deaths in the United States. One strategy implemented to address this concern is a statewide opioid prescribing guideline in the emergency department (ED). Objective-Our aim was to explore emergency physicians' perceptions on barriers and strategies for the Ohio ED opioid prescribing guideline. Methods-Semi-structured interviews with emergency physicians in Ohio were conducted from October to December 2016. Emergency physicians were recruited through the American College of Emergency Physicians Ohio State Chapter. The interview guide explored issues related to the implementation of the guidelines. Interview data were transcribed and thematically analyzed and coded using a scheme of inductively determined labels.

Research paper thumbnail of The Routledge Handbook of War and Society: Iraq and Afghanistan

ABSTRACT http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415731218/

Research paper thumbnail of Essay: Common Fates, Common Goals—A Response to Cyr

Armed Forces & Society

“The Soldier, the State, and the People—Costs and Benefits of Military Regimes”: Evaluating the E... more “The Soldier, the State, and the People—Costs and Benefits of Military Regimes”: Evaluating the Essay “Guns and Butter: Child Mortality and the Mediators of Militarization” raises several concerns about the theory and analyses in our article. We address what we see as the three most important: (1) the necessity of both qualitative and quantitative analyses in the study of militarization; (2) correlational versus causal analysis; and (3) the value of Huntington’s analysis of praetorian militarization. We have varying levels of agreement.

Research paper thumbnail of There but not there": Imagined bonds with siblings never known

Death studies, Aug 31, 2017

Continuing a bond after a loved one's death is considered typical and healthy. However, such ... more Continuing a bond after a loved one's death is considered typical and healthy. However, such a bond can continue symbolically only if it existed in the first place. What of indirect grievers, those who never knew the decedent? The authors describe bonds between individuals who did not have a living relationship to begin with, a concept referred to as imagined bonds. Forty-nine adults, who had a sibling die that they never knew, were interviewed. This article describes the bonds constructed between participants and the sibling they never knew. The authors compare and contrast the concepts of continuing bonds versus imagined bonds.

Research paper thumbnail of The Routledge Handbook of War and Society: Iraq and Afghanistan

http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415731218/

Research paper thumbnail of Statewide cross-sectional survey of emergency departments' adoption and implementation of the Ohio opioid prescribing guidelines and opioid prescribing practices

BMJ open, Jan 30, 2018

To evaluate the implementation of the Ohio Emergency and Acute Care Facility Opioids and Other Co... more To evaluate the implementation of the Ohio Emergency and Acute Care Facility Opioids and Other Controlled Substances Prescribing Guidelines and their perceived impact on local policies and practice. The study design was a cross-sectional survey of emergency department (ED) medical directors, or appropriate person identified by the hospital, perception of the impact of the Ohio ED Opioid Prescribing Guidelines on their departments practice. All hospitals with an ED in Ohio were contacted throughout October and November 2016. Distribution followed Dillman's Tailored Design Method, augmented with telephone recruitment. Hospital chief executive officers were contacted when necessary to encourage ED participation. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the impact of opioid prescribing policies on prescribing practices. A 92% response rate was obtained (150/163 EDs). In total, 112 (75%) of the respondents stated that their ED has an opioid prescribing policy, is adopting one or is...

Research paper thumbnail of Charisma, Ritual, Collective Effervescence, and Self���esteem

Research paper thumbnail of A Role Conflict Theory of Religious Change: An Explanation and Test

Search ETDs: OhioLINK ETD. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Climatic disruptions, natural resources, and conflict: the challenges to governance

Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 2015

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Civil War and Life Chances

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of ritual and charisma: The creation of collective effervescence and the support of psychic strength

Research paper thumbnail of THE IMPACT OF WAR, ADULT HIV/AIDS, AND MILITARIZATION ON YOUNG CHILDREN'S MORTALITY

Sociological Studies of Children and Youth, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Praetorian Militarization and Children's Life Chances

Sociological Studies of Children and Youth, 2011

ABSTRACT Purpose – This chapter examines the impact of armed conflict and three forms of militari... more ABSTRACT Purpose – This chapter examines the impact of armed conflict and three forms of militarization on child mortality rates cross-nationally. Previous theorizing argues that praetorian militaries create conditions particularly adverse to the well-being of civilians, but the effects of praetorian militarization are likely confounded both by economic and social militarization, and by armed conflict, economic development, and political regime.Methodology – This study conducts a cross-national panel study of the impact of armed conflict and militarization on civilian life chances using data from 175 countries with populations 200,000 or larger. Analyses employ a fixed-effects model, which controls for stable country characteristics; the analyses also control for time-varying characteristics of countries that influence the impact of armed conflict and militarization on life chances.Findings – Praetorian militarization appears to increase child mortality, as does social militarization (particularly during years of internationalized internal armed conflict), once stable country effects and other variables are controlled. This chapter is the first to systematically examine the impact of praetorian militarization on social development (indexed by child mortality rates).

Research paper thumbnail of Sociological Focus's Editorial Assistant: Moving on and Moving Up

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of reproductive status changes on family functioning and well-being of mothers and daughters

Journal of Early Adolescence, 1991

Associations among family relations, mother reproductive status, daughter reproductive timing, an... more Associations among family relations, mother reproductive status, daughter reproductive timing, and well-being were examined in 144 mothers and their adolescent daughters. First, effects of mother reproductive status and daughter reproductive timing on ...

Research paper thumbnail of A Longitudinal Analysis of Depressed Mood, Self-Esteem and Family Processes during Adolescence

Sociological Focus, 1996

Résumé/Abstract This study tests three alternative causal models of the relations among self-este... more Résumé/Abstract This study tests three alternative causal models of the relations among self-esteem, depressed mood and family processes in a longitudinal sample of adolescent girls (N= 193) from the United States. The authors find little support for a causal model based ...

Research paper thumbnail of North Central Sociological Association Presidential Address. I Didn't Build That: Life Chances, Life Course, Habitus, and Dumb Luck—a Life in Sociology

Research paper thumbnail of A Simple Method for Estimating and Testing Equality Restrictions Using Ols Regression

Sociological Focus, 1993

ABSTRACT This paper presents a simple method, using OLS regression, for testing equality restrict... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a simple method, using OLS regression, for testing equality restrictions imposed on coefficients estimated in the same equation (ERLR-OLS). The equality restriction on any two coefficients (b1 and b2) for any two variables (X and W) can be estimated and tested in a stepwise regression equation. In testing equality restrictions, the sum of the two variables (S=X+W) and the difference between them (D=X-W) should be entered hierarchically. The coefficient for S (b4) in the first step estimates the restricted regression; the significance of the coefficient for the difference (p of b7) in the second step indicates whether the equality restriction significantly affects the fit of the model to the data. The approach outlined above yields results identical to those obtained using Rindskopf's (1984) Linear Equality Constraints, but is theoretically more interesting, allowing for models containing dyadic effects. Similarly, ERLR-OLS yields the same results obtained by estimating restricted OLS regressions using maximum likelihood procedures, but does not require these more sophisticated procedures. Unlike other treatments of this topic, emphasis is placed on the theoretical interpretations that can be placed on equality restrictions particularly when used with dyadic data.

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of perceived stigma and psychological over-control on the behavioural problems of children with epilepsy

Seizure, 1997

This pilot study finds that parents who think that their child will be stigmatized and who percei... more This pilot study finds that parents who think that their child will be stigmatized and who perceive that epilepsy limits their child, report higher levels of four child behavioural problems than reported by other parents of children with epilepsy. Those children with epilepsy who report that their parents use an over-controlling psychological approach to parenting report higher levels of four behavioural problems than those children with epilepsy who do not report over-contTolling behaviour from their parents.