Steve Carlton-Ford | University of Cincinnati (original) (raw)
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Papers by Steve Carlton-Ford
Armed Forces & Society
Which types of militarization affect child mortality? Which type appears to lower it; which appea... more Which types of militarization affect child mortality? Which type appears to lower it; which appears to push it higher? This article focuses on social militarization (i.e., troops as a proportion of workforce-aged population) and praetorian militarization (i.e., the military’s control or strong influence over the government), investigating their impact on child mortality using pooled time series analysis covering 142 countries from 1996 through 2008. We find that social and praetorian militarization have opposite effects even after controlling for potentially confounding influences. Access to basic public health infrastructures and education mediates between each type of militarization and child mortality.
The Journal of Emergency Medicine
Background-Ohio has the fifth highest rate of prescription opioid overdose deaths in the United S... more Background-Ohio has the fifth highest rate of prescription opioid overdose deaths in the United States. One strategy implemented to address this concern is a statewide opioid prescribing guideline in the emergency department (ED). Objective-Our aim was to explore emergency physicians' perceptions on barriers and strategies for the Ohio ED opioid prescribing guideline. Methods-Semi-structured interviews with emergency physicians in Ohio were conducted from October to December 2016. Emergency physicians were recruited through the American College of Emergency Physicians Ohio State Chapter. The interview guide explored issues related to the implementation of the guidelines. Interview data were transcribed and thematically analyzed and coded using a scheme of inductively determined labels.
ABSTRACT http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415731218/
Armed Forces & Society
“The Soldier, the State, and the People—Costs and Benefits of Military Regimes”: Evaluating the E... more “The Soldier, the State, and the People—Costs and Benefits of Military Regimes”: Evaluating the Essay “Guns and Butter: Child Mortality and the Mediators of Militarization” raises several concerns about the theory and analyses in our article. We address what we see as the three most important: (1) the necessity of both qualitative and quantitative analyses in the study of militarization; (2) correlational versus causal analysis; and (3) the value of Huntington’s analysis of praetorian militarization. We have varying levels of agreement.
Death studies, Aug 31, 2017
Continuing a bond after a loved one's death is considered typical and healthy. However, such ... more Continuing a bond after a loved one's death is considered typical and healthy. However, such a bond can continue symbolically only if it existed in the first place. What of indirect grievers, those who never knew the decedent? The authors describe bonds between individuals who did not have a living relationship to begin with, a concept referred to as imagined bonds. Forty-nine adults, who had a sibling die that they never knew, were interviewed. This article describes the bonds constructed between participants and the sibling they never knew. The authors compare and contrast the concepts of continuing bonds versus imagined bonds.
http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415731218/
BMJ open, Jan 30, 2018
To evaluate the implementation of the Ohio Emergency and Acute Care Facility Opioids and Other Co... more To evaluate the implementation of the Ohio Emergency and Acute Care Facility Opioids and Other Controlled Substances Prescribing Guidelines and their perceived impact on local policies and practice. The study design was a cross-sectional survey of emergency department (ED) medical directors, or appropriate person identified by the hospital, perception of the impact of the Ohio ED Opioid Prescribing Guidelines on their departments practice. All hospitals with an ED in Ohio were contacted throughout October and November 2016. Distribution followed Dillman's Tailored Design Method, augmented with telephone recruitment. Hospital chief executive officers were contacted when necessary to encourage ED participation. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the impact of opioid prescribing policies on prescribing practices. A 92% response rate was obtained (150/163 EDs). In total, 112 (75%) of the respondents stated that their ED has an opioid prescribing policy, is adopting one or is...
Search ETDs: OhioLINK ETD. ...
Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 2015
ABSTRACT
Sociological Studies of Children and Youth, 2005
Sociological Studies of Children and Youth, 2011
ABSTRACT Purpose – This chapter examines the impact of armed conflict and three forms of militari... more ABSTRACT Purpose – This chapter examines the impact of armed conflict and three forms of militarization on child mortality rates cross-nationally. Previous theorizing argues that praetorian militaries create conditions particularly adverse to the well-being of civilians, but the effects of praetorian militarization are likely confounded both by economic and social militarization, and by armed conflict, economic development, and political regime.Methodology – This study conducts a cross-national panel study of the impact of armed conflict and militarization on civilian life chances using data from 175 countries with populations 200,000 or larger. Analyses employ a fixed-effects model, which controls for stable country characteristics; the analyses also control for time-varying characteristics of countries that influence the impact of armed conflict and militarization on life chances.Findings – Praetorian militarization appears to increase child mortality, as does social militarization (particularly during years of internationalized internal armed conflict), once stable country effects and other variables are controlled. This chapter is the first to systematically examine the impact of praetorian militarization on social development (indexed by child mortality rates).
Journal of Early Adolescence, 1991
Associations among family relations, mother reproductive status, daughter reproductive timing, an... more Associations among family relations, mother reproductive status, daughter reproductive timing, and well-being were examined in 144 mothers and their adolescent daughters. First, effects of mother reproductive status and daughter reproductive timing on ...
Sociological Focus, 1996
Résumé/Abstract This study tests three alternative causal models of the relations among self-este... more Résumé/Abstract This study tests three alternative causal models of the relations among self-esteem, depressed mood and family processes in a longitudinal sample of adolescent girls (N= 193) from the United States. The authors find little support for a causal model based ...
Sociological Focus, 1993
ABSTRACT This paper presents a simple method, using OLS regression, for testing equality restrict... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a simple method, using OLS regression, for testing equality restrictions imposed on coefficients estimated in the same equation (ERLR-OLS). The equality restriction on any two coefficients (b1 and b2) for any two variables (X and W) can be estimated and tested in a stepwise regression equation. In testing equality restrictions, the sum of the two variables (S=X+W) and the difference between them (D=X-W) should be entered hierarchically. The coefficient for S (b4) in the first step estimates the restricted regression; the significance of the coefficient for the difference (p of b7) in the second step indicates whether the equality restriction significantly affects the fit of the model to the data. The approach outlined above yields results identical to those obtained using Rindskopf's (1984) Linear Equality Constraints, but is theoretically more interesting, allowing for models containing dyadic effects. Similarly, ERLR-OLS yields the same results obtained by estimating restricted OLS regressions using maximum likelihood procedures, but does not require these more sophisticated procedures. Unlike other treatments of this topic, emphasis is placed on the theoretical interpretations that can be placed on equality restrictions particularly when used with dyadic data.
Seizure, 1997
This pilot study finds that parents who think that their child will be stigmatized and who percei... more This pilot study finds that parents who think that their child will be stigmatized and who perceive that epilepsy limits their child, report higher levels of four child behavioural problems than reported by other parents of children with epilepsy. Those children with epilepsy who report that their parents use an over-controlling psychological approach to parenting report higher levels of four behavioural problems than those children with epilepsy who do not report over-contTolling behaviour from their parents.
Armed Forces & Society
Which types of militarization affect child mortality? Which type appears to lower it; which appea... more Which types of militarization affect child mortality? Which type appears to lower it; which appears to push it higher? This article focuses on social militarization (i.e., troops as a proportion of workforce-aged population) and praetorian militarization (i.e., the military’s control or strong influence over the government), investigating their impact on child mortality using pooled time series analysis covering 142 countries from 1996 through 2008. We find that social and praetorian militarization have opposite effects even after controlling for potentially confounding influences. Access to basic public health infrastructures and education mediates between each type of militarization and child mortality.
The Journal of Emergency Medicine
Background-Ohio has the fifth highest rate of prescription opioid overdose deaths in the United S... more Background-Ohio has the fifth highest rate of prescription opioid overdose deaths in the United States. One strategy implemented to address this concern is a statewide opioid prescribing guideline in the emergency department (ED). Objective-Our aim was to explore emergency physicians' perceptions on barriers and strategies for the Ohio ED opioid prescribing guideline. Methods-Semi-structured interviews with emergency physicians in Ohio were conducted from October to December 2016. Emergency physicians were recruited through the American College of Emergency Physicians Ohio State Chapter. The interview guide explored issues related to the implementation of the guidelines. Interview data were transcribed and thematically analyzed and coded using a scheme of inductively determined labels.
ABSTRACT http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415731218/
Armed Forces & Society
“The Soldier, the State, and the People—Costs and Benefits of Military Regimes”: Evaluating the E... more “The Soldier, the State, and the People—Costs and Benefits of Military Regimes”: Evaluating the Essay “Guns and Butter: Child Mortality and the Mediators of Militarization” raises several concerns about the theory and analyses in our article. We address what we see as the three most important: (1) the necessity of both qualitative and quantitative analyses in the study of militarization; (2) correlational versus causal analysis; and (3) the value of Huntington’s analysis of praetorian militarization. We have varying levels of agreement.
Death studies, Aug 31, 2017
Continuing a bond after a loved one's death is considered typical and healthy. However, such ... more Continuing a bond after a loved one's death is considered typical and healthy. However, such a bond can continue symbolically only if it existed in the first place. What of indirect grievers, those who never knew the decedent? The authors describe bonds between individuals who did not have a living relationship to begin with, a concept referred to as imagined bonds. Forty-nine adults, who had a sibling die that they never knew, were interviewed. This article describes the bonds constructed between participants and the sibling they never knew. The authors compare and contrast the concepts of continuing bonds versus imagined bonds.
http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415731218/
BMJ open, Jan 30, 2018
To evaluate the implementation of the Ohio Emergency and Acute Care Facility Opioids and Other Co... more To evaluate the implementation of the Ohio Emergency and Acute Care Facility Opioids and Other Controlled Substances Prescribing Guidelines and their perceived impact on local policies and practice. The study design was a cross-sectional survey of emergency department (ED) medical directors, or appropriate person identified by the hospital, perception of the impact of the Ohio ED Opioid Prescribing Guidelines on their departments practice. All hospitals with an ED in Ohio were contacted throughout October and November 2016. Distribution followed Dillman's Tailored Design Method, augmented with telephone recruitment. Hospital chief executive officers were contacted when necessary to encourage ED participation. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the impact of opioid prescribing policies on prescribing practices. A 92% response rate was obtained (150/163 EDs). In total, 112 (75%) of the respondents stated that their ED has an opioid prescribing policy, is adopting one or is...
Search ETDs: OhioLINK ETD. ...
Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 2015
ABSTRACT
Sociological Studies of Children and Youth, 2005
Sociological Studies of Children and Youth, 2011
ABSTRACT Purpose – This chapter examines the impact of armed conflict and three forms of militari... more ABSTRACT Purpose – This chapter examines the impact of armed conflict and three forms of militarization on child mortality rates cross-nationally. Previous theorizing argues that praetorian militaries create conditions particularly adverse to the well-being of civilians, but the effects of praetorian militarization are likely confounded both by economic and social militarization, and by armed conflict, economic development, and political regime.Methodology – This study conducts a cross-national panel study of the impact of armed conflict and militarization on civilian life chances using data from 175 countries with populations 200,000 or larger. Analyses employ a fixed-effects model, which controls for stable country characteristics; the analyses also control for time-varying characteristics of countries that influence the impact of armed conflict and militarization on life chances.Findings – Praetorian militarization appears to increase child mortality, as does social militarization (particularly during years of internationalized internal armed conflict), once stable country effects and other variables are controlled. This chapter is the first to systematically examine the impact of praetorian militarization on social development (indexed by child mortality rates).
Journal of Early Adolescence, 1991
Associations among family relations, mother reproductive status, daughter reproductive timing, an... more Associations among family relations, mother reproductive status, daughter reproductive timing, and well-being were examined in 144 mothers and their adolescent daughters. First, effects of mother reproductive status and daughter reproductive timing on ...
Sociological Focus, 1996
Résumé/Abstract This study tests three alternative causal models of the relations among self-este... more Résumé/Abstract This study tests three alternative causal models of the relations among self-esteem, depressed mood and family processes in a longitudinal sample of adolescent girls (N= 193) from the United States. The authors find little support for a causal model based ...
Sociological Focus, 1993
ABSTRACT This paper presents a simple method, using OLS regression, for testing equality restrict... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a simple method, using OLS regression, for testing equality restrictions imposed on coefficients estimated in the same equation (ERLR-OLS). The equality restriction on any two coefficients (b1 and b2) for any two variables (X and W) can be estimated and tested in a stepwise regression equation. In testing equality restrictions, the sum of the two variables (S=X+W) and the difference between them (D=X-W) should be entered hierarchically. The coefficient for S (b4) in the first step estimates the restricted regression; the significance of the coefficient for the difference (p of b7) in the second step indicates whether the equality restriction significantly affects the fit of the model to the data. The approach outlined above yields results identical to those obtained using Rindskopf's (1984) Linear Equality Constraints, but is theoretically more interesting, allowing for models containing dyadic effects. Similarly, ERLR-OLS yields the same results obtained by estimating restricted OLS regressions using maximum likelihood procedures, but does not require these more sophisticated procedures. Unlike other treatments of this topic, emphasis is placed on the theoretical interpretations that can be placed on equality restrictions particularly when used with dyadic data.
Seizure, 1997
This pilot study finds that parents who think that their child will be stigmatized and who percei... more This pilot study finds that parents who think that their child will be stigmatized and who perceive that epilepsy limits their child, report higher levels of four child behavioural problems than reported by other parents of children with epilepsy. Those children with epilepsy who report that their parents use an over-controlling psychological approach to parenting report higher levels of four behavioural problems than those children with epilepsy who do not report over-contTolling behaviour from their parents.