Joseph Tatar | University of California, Irvine (original) (raw)
Papers by Joseph Tatar
Author(s): Tatar II, Joseph Ray | Advisor(s): Cauffman, Elizabeth; Skeem, Jennifer L | Abstract: ... more Author(s): Tatar II, Joseph Ray | Advisor(s): Cauffman, Elizabeth; Skeem, Jennifer L | Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this dissertation is two-fold. First, this project examines instability in psychopathic traits from adolescence to adulthood. The second goal is to examine how well psychopathic traits, assessed in adolescence, predict short- and long-term offending. Specific attention is paid to differences in stability and antisocial behavior between youth measured to be high and low in psychopathic traits as well as between psychopathy subtypes. Method: The first study uses various methods to assess personality stability (e.g. rank-order, mean-level, individual-level, ipsative, and predictive stability) to examine the potential for change in psychopathic traits from adolescence to adulthood. The second study addresses how well adolescent assessments of psychopathic traits predict risk for short- and long-term offending and aggression. Both studies examine a sample of former m...
Cultural differences can limit the generalizability of personality measures from one ethnic group... more Cultural differences can limit the generalizability of personality measures from one ethnic group to another. Although emotional deficits are viewed as key components of psychopathy Caucasian and Asian groups have been shown to differ in psychopathy-relevant indices of emotional ...
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law
Psychological assessment, 2017
There has been a surge of interest in using 1 type of risk assessment instrument to tailor treatm... more There has been a surge of interest in using 1 type of risk assessment instrument to tailor treatment to juveniles to reduce recidivism. Unlike prediction-oriented instruments, these reduction-oriented instruments explicitly measure variable risk factors as "needs" to be addressed in treatment. There is little evidence, however, that the instruments accurately measure specific risk factors. Based on a sample of 237 serious juvenile offenders (Mage = 18, SD = 1.6), we tested whether California Youth Assessment Inventory (CA-YASI) scores validly assess the risk factors they purport to assess. Youth were assessed by practitioners with good interrater reliability on the CA-YASI, and by research staff on a battery of validated, multimethod criterion measures of target constructs. We meta-analytically tested whether each CA-YASI risk domain score (e.g., Attitudes) related more strongly to scores on convergent measures of theoretically similar constructs (e.g., criminal thinking s...
Cultural differences can limit the generalizability of personality measures from one ethnic group... more Cultural differences can limit the generalizability of personality measures from one ethnic group to another. Although emotional deficits are viewed as key components of psychopathy Caucasian and Asian groups have been shown to differ in psychopathy-relevant indices of emotional ...
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 2016
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 19361521 2012 671794, Apr 1, 2012
Theory and empirical research suggest that psychopathy may be disaggregated into primary and seco... more Theory and empirical research suggest that psychopathy may be disaggregated into primary and secondary variants. In practice, individuals with high scores on psychopathy measures are treated as a homogenous group. In this study, interviewers recruited 355 incarcerated youth to assess potential differences in trauma history, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and dissociative symptoms among high-anxious (secondary) and low-anxious (primary) variants
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2014
Despite indications that acts of frotteurism and exhibitionism are frequent occurrences, these se... more Despite indications that acts of frotteurism and exhibitionism are frequent occurrences, these sexual paraphilias have received little empirical attention. To address this gap in our knowledge about these paraphilias, 459 undergraduate students in a major metropolitan city completed a self-report measure designed to investigate the frequency and correlates of frotteurism and exhibitionism. Results indicate a high rate of victimization among female college students for both paraphilias. Furthermore, acts of frotteurism and exhibitionism most often occurred in places related to public transportation (e.g., subway trains or platforms) in this urban setting. In addition, victims reported a number of negative outcomes as a consequence of victimization, including feelings of violation, changes in behavior, and even long-term psychological distress. Older females were the most likely to be victimized. These findings are discussed as they pertain to the prevention and deterrence of paraphilic sexual acts.
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 2012
... While outcome fairness and favorability have seemingly obvious effects on attitudes and behav... more ... While outcome fairness and favorability have seemingly obvious effects on attitudes and behavior (McFarlin & Sweeney, 1992), the perceived ... Joseph R. Tatar II and Elizabeth Cauffman, Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine; Suzanne O ...
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 2012
Substance use disorders are associated with psychopathy, a personality disorder that is heterogen... more Substance use disorders are associated with psychopathy, a personality disorder that is heterogeneous in both adults and youth; secondary variants of psychopathy with comorbid psychopathology and primary variants without comorbidity show distinct correlates and outcomes. In adult criminal populations, secondary variants report greater substance abuse compared with primary variants. The primary aim of this study is to replicate and extend these findings to a juvenile offender population. Compared with primary variants of juvenile psychopathy, secondary variants (a) reported significantly more frequent substance-particularly alcohol-use within the six months prior to incarceration (d = .43), (b) were almost twice as likely to abuse substances while incarcerated, and (c) were more likely to be diagnosed with a current DSM-IV substance use disorder. Practical implications for working with justice-involved youth are discussed.
Author(s): Tatar II, Joseph Ray | Advisor(s): Cauffman, Elizabeth; Skeem, Jennifer L | Abstract: ... more Author(s): Tatar II, Joseph Ray | Advisor(s): Cauffman, Elizabeth; Skeem, Jennifer L | Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this dissertation is two-fold. First, this project examines instability in psychopathic traits from adolescence to adulthood. The second goal is to examine how well psychopathic traits, assessed in adolescence, predict short- and long-term offending. Specific attention is paid to differences in stability and antisocial behavior between youth measured to be high and low in psychopathic traits as well as between psychopathy subtypes. Method: The first study uses various methods to assess personality stability (e.g. rank-order, mean-level, individual-level, ipsative, and predictive stability) to examine the potential for change in psychopathic traits from adolescence to adulthood. The second study addresses how well adolescent assessments of psychopathic traits predict risk for short- and long-term offending and aggression. Both studies examine a sample of former m...
Cultural differences can limit the generalizability of personality measures from one ethnic group... more Cultural differences can limit the generalizability of personality measures from one ethnic group to another. Although emotional deficits are viewed as key components of psychopathy Caucasian and Asian groups have been shown to differ in psychopathy-relevant indices of emotional ...
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law
Psychological assessment, 2017
There has been a surge of interest in using 1 type of risk assessment instrument to tailor treatm... more There has been a surge of interest in using 1 type of risk assessment instrument to tailor treatment to juveniles to reduce recidivism. Unlike prediction-oriented instruments, these reduction-oriented instruments explicitly measure variable risk factors as "needs" to be addressed in treatment. There is little evidence, however, that the instruments accurately measure specific risk factors. Based on a sample of 237 serious juvenile offenders (Mage = 18, SD = 1.6), we tested whether California Youth Assessment Inventory (CA-YASI) scores validly assess the risk factors they purport to assess. Youth were assessed by practitioners with good interrater reliability on the CA-YASI, and by research staff on a battery of validated, multimethod criterion measures of target constructs. We meta-analytically tested whether each CA-YASI risk domain score (e.g., Attitudes) related more strongly to scores on convergent measures of theoretically similar constructs (e.g., criminal thinking s...
Cultural differences can limit the generalizability of personality measures from one ethnic group... more Cultural differences can limit the generalizability of personality measures from one ethnic group to another. Although emotional deficits are viewed as key components of psychopathy Caucasian and Asian groups have been shown to differ in psychopathy-relevant indices of emotional ...
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 2016
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 19361521 2012 671794, Apr 1, 2012
Theory and empirical research suggest that psychopathy may be disaggregated into primary and seco... more Theory and empirical research suggest that psychopathy may be disaggregated into primary and secondary variants. In practice, individuals with high scores on psychopathy measures are treated as a homogenous group. In this study, interviewers recruited 355 incarcerated youth to assess potential differences in trauma history, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and dissociative symptoms among high-anxious (secondary) and low-anxious (primary) variants
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 2014
Despite indications that acts of frotteurism and exhibitionism are frequent occurrences, these se... more Despite indications that acts of frotteurism and exhibitionism are frequent occurrences, these sexual paraphilias have received little empirical attention. To address this gap in our knowledge about these paraphilias, 459 undergraduate students in a major metropolitan city completed a self-report measure designed to investigate the frequency and correlates of frotteurism and exhibitionism. Results indicate a high rate of victimization among female college students for both paraphilias. Furthermore, acts of frotteurism and exhibitionism most often occurred in places related to public transportation (e.g., subway trains or platforms) in this urban setting. In addition, victims reported a number of negative outcomes as a consequence of victimization, including feelings of violation, changes in behavior, and even long-term psychological distress. Older females were the most likely to be victimized. These findings are discussed as they pertain to the prevention and deterrence of paraphilic sexual acts.
Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 2012
... While outcome fairness and favorability have seemingly obvious effects on attitudes and behav... more ... While outcome fairness and favorability have seemingly obvious effects on attitudes and behavior (McFarlin & Sweeney, 1992), the perceived ... Joseph R. Tatar II and Elizabeth Cauffman, Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine; Suzanne O ...
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 2012
Substance use disorders are associated with psychopathy, a personality disorder that is heterogen... more Substance use disorders are associated with psychopathy, a personality disorder that is heterogeneous in both adults and youth; secondary variants of psychopathy with comorbid psychopathology and primary variants without comorbidity show distinct correlates and outcomes. In adult criminal populations, secondary variants report greater substance abuse compared with primary variants. The primary aim of this study is to replicate and extend these findings to a juvenile offender population. Compared with primary variants of juvenile psychopathy, secondary variants (a) reported significantly more frequent substance-particularly alcohol-use within the six months prior to incarceration (d = .43), (b) were almost twice as likely to abuse substances while incarcerated, and (c) were more likely to be diagnosed with a current DSM-IV substance use disorder. Practical implications for working with justice-involved youth are discussed.